EP1398446B1 - Openable flap, in particular exhaust gas flap - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an openable flap, in particular flue gas flap, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Flue gas flaps are mainly used for safety reasons in industrial buildings. On the one hand, they should be able to be opened to the inlet of fresh air and optionally light, but on the other hand should automatically open, for example if a fire breaks out or the like. The flaps are usually held by means of a rope, by means of which they can also be closed again. If the rope is released from its holder in an accessible location, the flap is opened automatically by means of an opening mechanism. By means of the rope, it can be closed again against the force of the opening mechanism. The rope is held by a holding device, such as a lock with a fuse on the flap. In case of fire, this holding device opens, so that then automatically opening the door occurs. For small valves gas springs are used as opening mechanism, which are articulated on the one hand on the frame and on the other hand on the flap. For larger valves, the gas springs have proved to be unsuitable. The reason is, inter alia, that the opening mechanism not only has to overcome the dead weight of the flap, but that such opening mechanisms must also be able to lift relatively large, lying on the flap snow loads with and swinging over the to press top dead center to the side. It has therefore naturalized. that with larger flaps as opening mechanism instead of gas leathers pneumatically actuated piston-cylinder actuators are used, which are supplied for opening by a compressed gas source, such as a CO ₂ compressed gas bottle.

From DE 33 38 092 C3 a flap of the generic type is known, in which the auxiliary power storage is articulated directly on the lifting arm. This leads to an extremely bulky configuration. Furthermore, the force application directions are very unfavorable, so that heavy valves can not be opened or only under difficult conditions.

The invention has for its object to design an openable flap of the generic type so that with simple means and large and heavy flaps can be opened.

This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1. By the measures according to the invention it is achieved that the main gas spring at the beginning of the opening process, so if the largest load is overcome, exclusively or at least predominantly does the opening work and the secondary gas spring only as a push rod for transmitting the opening forces from the lifting arm on the Flap serves. Only when the flap is opened so far that a possibly lying on her snow load has slipped and possibly wind forces are overcome, the main gas spring is fully extended. Then the auxiliary gas spring takes over the complete opening of the flap up to an angle of about 140 ° relative to the closed position of the flap. The embodiment is particularly suitable for lifting heavy flaps. Here, a kind of transmission is created by the further developed according to claim 2 opening mechanism by the on long the opening movement, if particularly large opening forces are required, a certain reduction is created, while with the opening movement, when the required forces decrease, a certain translation is created.

The advantageous development according to claim 3 ensures that the Ausschubweg the main gas spring is limited, and that the gear-like opening mechanism can not overturn.

Furthermore, the development according to claim 4 in the rule of great advantage, since it supports the described force distribution advantageous.

As a rule, in the final phase of the opening movement, the flap is under the influence of gravity, the embodiment according to claim 5 in the rule of particular advantage.

The claims 6 to 9 give further advantageous embodiments again.

Fig. 1 bis 5

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Rauchgas-Klappe in verschiedenen Stellungen von einer geschlossenen bis zu einer vollständig geöffneten Stellung,

Fig. 6 bis 10

ein gegenüber dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel geringfügig abgewandeltes zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Rauchgas-Klappe in verschiedenen Stellungen der Klappe von einer geschlossenen bis zu einer vollständig geöffneten Stellung und

Fig. 11

das erste Ausführungsbeispiel mit abgewandeltem Kraftspeicher.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of two embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 to 5

a first embodiment of a flue gas flap in various positions from a closed to a fully open position,

Fig. 6 to 10

a comparison with the first embodiment, slightly modified second embodiment of a flue gas flap in different positions of the flap from a closed to a fully open position and

Fig. 11

the first embodiment with modified power storage.

The roof window shown in the drawing has the function of a so-called flue gas exhaust flap, as it is mainly used in roofs of industrial halls. It has an only indicated, cuboid, bottom and top open frame 1, which has a front wall 2, two side walls, of which only one side wall 3 is shown, and a rear wall 4. At the upper edge of the rear wall 4, the actual flap 5, which may be formed like a window, hinged by means of a joint 6 in such a way that from a resting on the frame 1 position in a much more than 90 °, for example, about 140 ° , unfolded position can be pivoted, as shown for example in Fig. 5. The flap 5 is held by means of only indicated rope 7 in its closed position, wherein in a holding device 8, by means of which the cable 7 is fixed to the flap 5 in the region of the front wall 2 of the frame 1, a conventional fuse-o The like is included, which automatically solves the connection between the rope 7 and flap 5 in case of fire. Such holding devices 8 with such fuses are common practice in practice.

To open the flap 5. be it by loosening the rope 7 or the mentioned opening of the holding device 8, an opening mechanism 9 is provided, which is provided in the region of the side wall 3. Of course, in particular with heavy flaps 5 for symmetry reasons, such a mechanism 9 can be assigned to each side wall 3. Furthermore, it is of course also possible to assign a plurality of such opening mechanisms 9 of the rear wall 4.

The mechanism 9 has a lifting arm 10, which is articulated adjacent to the rear wall 4 by means of a pivot joint 11. The lifting arm 10 extends over a substantial part of the length of the side wall 3. At its front wall 2 adjacent the end formed as a compressed gas spring main gas spring 12 is articulated as a main energy storage means of a pivot joint 13. The other end of the gas spring 12 is articulated by means of a further pivot joint 14 below the lifting arm 10 to a base plate 15 which is attached to the rear wall 4. The main gas spring 12 is also hinged to the base plate 15.

There is a secondary gas spring 16 is provided as a sub-energy storage, which is connected to the lifting arm 10 via a double-armed lever 17 which is articulated by means of a mounted in its center pivot joint 18 on the lifting arm 10. The auxiliary gas spring 16 is articulated to one, namely the closed at the bottom flap 5, the end of the lever 17 by means of a pivot joint 19. At the opposite end of the lever 17 engages a trained as a pull rod or pull cable tension member 20 via a hinge 21 at. The tension member 20 is in turn secured by a hinge 22 to the base plate 15. The pivot joint 19 opposite end of the auxiliary gas spring 16 is articulated by means of a pivot joint 23 on the flap 5. On the lifting arm 10, a stationary stop 24 is provided, to which the double-armed lever 17 adjacent to the hinge 19 comes to rest. just before the main gas spring 12 is fully extended is. It should be understood that the auxiliary gas spring 16, the double-armed lever 17 and the tension member 20 are located between the base plate 15 and the lift arm 10. Only for reasons of greater clarity these parts are also shown in the region of the lifting arm 10 in solid lines.

The extension force F _{12 of} the main gas spring 12 is significantly greater than the extension force F _{16 of} the auxiliary gas spring 16. The following applies: F ₁₂ > F ₁₆ and in particular 6F ₁₆ ≥F ₁₂ ≥ 2F ₁₆ and especially 10 F ₁₆ ≥F ₁₂ ≥2 F ₁₆ . The specific dimensioning depends on the exact arrangement of the gas springs 12, 16, the length and the articulation of the lifting arm 10, the weight of the flap 5 and other factors influencing.

The function results from FIGS. 1 to 5:

If, as already mentioned, the rope 7 is released, the flap 5 is opened by means of the opening mechanism 9. First, only the piston rod 25 of the main gas spring 12 is extended from the housing 26 and pivots the lifting arm 10 from the approximately parallel to the side wall 3 position in an approximately perpendicular thereto standing high position. The auxiliary gas spring 16 acts on the pivoting of the flap 5 from its closed position shown in FIG. 1 by 80 ° - 90 ° in its approximately vertically pivoted to the frame 1 position, as shown in Fig. 4, only as a transmission rod, ie as pushrod. Now the main gas spring 12 is fully extended.

The articulation point formed by the pivot joint 19 of the auxiliary gas spring 16 is shifted back to the beginning of the opening movement of the flap 5 approximately to the position of FIG. 2 relative to the lifting arm 10, ie pivoted counterclockwise. When extending the piston rod 25 of the main gas spring 12 so there is a shift back of serving in this part of the opening movement only as a push rod auxiliary gas spring 16. For the same extension distance of the piston rod 25 from the housing 26 of the main gas spring 12 so only a relative smaller opening path of the flap 5 reached. This is given in the opening area, in which the main gas spring 12 has to apply the greatest opening force. In the further course of the opening movement, the pivoting movement direction of the double-armed lever 17 then rotates; it is pivoted relative to the lifting arm 10 in a clockwise direction with the consequence that, although the secondary gas spring 16 is still only working as a push rod, the pivot point 19 is additionally displaced on the lever 17 in the opening direction. This is because when pivoting the lifting arm 10, the distance of the joint 18 from the joint 22 is increased, with the consequence that the tension member 20 pivots the double-armed lever 17 in such a way that the articulation point formed by the joint 19 moves towards the flap 5 becomes. The extension movement of the main gas spring 12 is terminated when the double-armed lever 17 comes to rest against the stop 24. This also ensures that the tension member 20 is not suddenly exposed to compressive forces. The sub-gas spring 16 and the double-armed lever 17 close on the side of the flap 5 at an angle which is smaller than 180 °. This also ensures that the described transmission function is maintained.

Subsequently, the flap 5 is opened by extending the piston rod 27 from the housing 28 of the auxiliary gas spring 16 into its far beyond the top dead center, shown in Fig. 5 position. Since this part of the opening movement of the flap 5 is not - as the one to the position shown in FIG. 4 - against gravity, but under the influence Gravity takes place, it may be sufficient if the secondary gas spring 16 primarily or exclusively the function of a gas pressure damper, so a gas spring with high damping effect in Ausschubrichtung met. Such gas springs are commercially available. If, however, the flap 5 during the opening movement from the position shown in FIG. 4 in the position shown in FIG. 5, for example, still push or compress snow must be pressed against a wind power, then it may also be useful if the By-gas spring 16 has a greater extension force. The Dampening function can be useful in any case.

6 to 10 differs only slightly from that according to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 6 shows in a perspective view the design and attachment of the base plate 15 'on the frame 1. It also shows a perspective view of the Design of the flap 5. The double-armed lever 17 'has a concentric to the pivot joint 18 arranged, part-circular slot 29 in which a stop pin 30 is guided, which is fixedly mounted on the lifting arm 10. The tension member 20 'has a longitudinal slot 31 extending in its longitudinal direction, in which a bolt 32 is guided, which is fixedly connected to the double-armed lever 17' and at the same time forms the joint 21. The stop 24 of the first embodiment is absent.

As can be seen from the closed position of the flap 5 reproducing Fig. 7, the stopper bolt 30 is located approximately in the middle of the part-circular slot 29. The bolt 32 abuts against the hinge 22 remote from the end of the slot 31. When swinging the flap 5 of FIG. 8 is - in the already described manner - the two-armed lever 17 'so pivoted that the stopper bolt 30 is displaced in the slot 29 to its the joint 21 adjacent end, without striking there. The position of the bolt 32 relative to the slot 31 has not changed. Upon further opening of the flap 5 by complete extension of the main gas spring 12 rotates - in the manner already described - the pivotal movement of the double-armed lever 17 'relative to the lifting arm 10 without the stop pin 30 at the pivot joint 19th adjacent end of the part-circular slot 29 already comes to rest, as can be seen in Fig. 9. The further opening of the flap 5 is due to the swing of the previous opening movement and by the sub-gas spring 16. When the flap 5 is pivoted sufficiently far beyond its dead center, the further opening movement of the sub-gas spring 16 is attenuated. The lever 17 'is now pivoted so that the stop pin 30 comes to rest on the pivot 19 of the adjacent end of the slot 29, as shown in Fig. 10. The bolt 32 is in the slot 31 in the direction of the joint 21 adjacent end wandered without coming there to rest. This mentioned game is provided so that the tension member 20 'does not come under compressive stresses, but in principle can only be claimed to train. The positions of the bolts 30, 32 relative to the oblong holes 29 and 31 no longer change. By the described pivoting a very large opening angle of the flap 5 can be achieved, in particular by changing the slot 29, the opening angle can be influenced.

The main energy accumulator can also be designed as a spring strut 33, which has a prestressed helical compression spring 34, which is arranged on the one hand in a guide tube 35 which is articulated to the pivoting joint 13 on the lifting arm 10. On the other hand, it has a guide rod 36, which is articulated by means of the pivot joint 14 on the base plate 15. This embodiment results from Fig. 11, wherein the auxiliary power storage - as already described - may be designed as a pure damper or as a similar spring strut.

Claims (9)

1. An opening flap, in particular flue gas escape flap, comprising

   - a frame (1),

   - a flap (5) that is articulated to the frame (1),

   - a holding device (8) for keeping the flap (5) in a closed position,

   - a lift arm (10) which is mounted for pivoting about a first joint (11) that is stationary relative to the frame (1),

   - a principal energy accumulator (12), a first end of which is articulated to a second joint (14) that is stationary relative to the frame (1), and a second end of which is articulated to the lift arm (10) by a third joint (13) at a distance from the first joint (11), and

   - a secondary energy accumulator (16), a first end of which is articulated to the lift arm (10) between the first and the third joint (11, 13), and a second end of which is articulated to the flap (5);

   characterized
   in that articulated to the lift arm (10) by a pivot joint (18) is a double-armed lever (17, 17'), to a first end, turned towards the principal energy accumulator (12), of which the secondary energy accumulator (16) is articulated by its first end, and to a second end, turned towards the flap (5), of which is articulated a first end of a tie (20) which is articulated by a second end relative to the frame (1).
2. A flap according to claim 1, characterized
   in that the double-armed lever (17, 17') and the tie (20, 20') are arranged and designed such that, at the beginning of the opening motion of the flap (5), the first end of the secondary energy accumulator (16) is moved counter to a direction of extension of the secondary energy accumulator (16), pivoting the double-armed lever (17, 17'), and in that the pivoting motion of the double-armed lever (17, 17') reverses as the opening motion of the flap (5) proceeds.
3. A flap according to claim 2, characterized
   in that a stop (24, 30) is provided on the lift arm (10) within the pivoting travel of the double-armed lever (17, 17').
4. A flap according to claim 1, characterized
   in that the following applies to the extension force (F₁₂) of the principal energy accumulator (12) in relation to the extension force (F₁₆) of the secondary energy accumulator (16): F₁₂ ≥ F₁₆, and in particular 6 F₁₆ ≥ F₁₂ ≥ 2 F₁₆, and especially 10 F₁₆ ≥ F₁₂ ≥ 2 F₁₆.
5. A flap according to claim 1, characterized
   in that the secondary energy accumulator (16) is a gas spring (16) that is damped in the direction of extension.
6. A flap according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized
   in that the double-armed lever (17') has an oblong hole (29) in the shape of a segment of a circle, which is concentric of the pivot joint (18), with a stop pin (30) guided therein that is formed on the lift arm (10).
7. A flap according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized
   in that the tie (20') has an oblong hole (31) where a stop pin (32) is guided that is mounted on the double-armed lever (17').
8. A flap according to claim 1, characterized
   in that the principal energy accumulator and/or the secondary energy accumulator is a gas spring (12, 16).
9. A flap according to claim 1, characterized
   in that the principal energy accumulator and/or the secondary energy accumulator is a compression strut (33).

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