EP1397593A1 - Fuel injection device with a pressure booster - Google Patents

Fuel injection device with a pressure booster

Info

Publication number
EP1397593A1
EP1397593A1 EP02742762A EP02742762A EP1397593A1 EP 1397593 A1 EP1397593 A1 EP 1397593A1 EP 02742762 A EP02742762 A EP 02742762A EP 02742762 A EP02742762 A EP 02742762A EP 1397593 A1 EP1397593 A1 EP 1397593A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
piston
injection device
pressure booster
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02742762A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1397593B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Braun
Bernd Mahr
Martin Kropp
Hans-Christoph Magel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1397593A1 publication Critical patent/EP1397593A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1397593B1 publication Critical patent/EP1397593B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • F02M57/026Construction details of pressure amplifiers, e.g. fuel passages or check valves arranged in the intensifier piston or head, particular diameter relationships, stop members, arrangement of ports or conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/025Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive hydraulic, e.g. with pressure amplification
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/34Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by throttling of passages to pumping elements or of overflow passages, e.g. throttling by means of a pressure-controlled sliding valve having liquid stop or abutment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention can be designed both stroke-controlled and pressure-controlled.
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention can be designed both stroke-controlled and pressure-controlled.
  • Fuel einspritzeinrichtunq understood that the opening and closing of the injection port by means of a displaceable nozzle needle due to the hydraulic interaction of the fuel pressures is effected in a nozzle chamber and • in a control chamber. A pressure drop within the control room causes the nozzle needle to lift. Alternatively, the nozzle needle can be deflected by an actuator (actuator, actuator). In a pressure-controlled fuel injection device according to the invention, the nozzle needle is moved by the fuel pressure prevailing in the nozzle space of an injector against the action of a closing force (spring), so that the injection opening is released for an injection of the fuel from the nozzle space into the cylinder.
  • actuator actuator
  • the pressure with which fuel emerges from the nozzle chamber into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is referred to as the injection pressure, while a system pressure is understood to mean the pressure under which fuel is available or is stored within the fuel injection device.
  • Fuel metering means to provide a defined amount of fuel 'for injection. Leakage is to be understood as an amount of fuel that arises during operation of the fuel injection device (for example a guide leakage), is not used for injection and is returned to the fuel tank. ⁇
  • the pressure level of this leakage can have a static pressure, the fuel then being expanded to the pressure level of the fuel tank.
  • Many engine manufacturers require a flat pressure rise edge at the start of injection. A boot phase to reduce emissions is also often desired.
  • the pressure booster can be used to shape the course of the injection. In this way, the desired injection process can be implemented without additional parts, such as evasive pistons.
  • the movement of the piston of the pressure booster can be used to influence the pressure curve.
  • the stroke-dependent influencing of the inlet cross-section to the low-pressure side pressure booster chamber is known from US Pat. No. 5,568,31 7. Through the US PS. a multi-stage control of the inlet cross-section proposed.
  • Fig. 1 is a stroke-controlled fuel injection device with a
  • Fig. 2 shows a first continuous change flow cross-section
  • Fig. 3 shows a second continuous change in the flow cross-section.
  • a quantity-controlled fuel pump conveys fuel from a storage tank via a delivery line into a central pressure storage space (common rail), from which a plurality of pressure lines 2 corresponding to the number of individual cylinders to the individual, discharge into the combustion chamber of the injectors 3 (injection device) projecting. Only one of the injectors 3 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • a first system pressure is generated and stored in the pressure storage space. This first system pressure is used for pre-injection and, if necessary, for post-injection (HC enrichment for exhaust gas aftertreatment or soot reduction) as well as for displaying an injection curve with a plateau (boat injection).
  • each injector 3 is assigned a local pressure booster 4 with a check valve 5 and with a displaceable piston 6.
  • Such fuel injection devices are known, for example, from DE-A1-1 9910970.
  • the pressure in the differential space 7 formed by a transition from a larger to a smaller piston cross-section is used to control the pressure booster 4.
  • the differential space 7 is supplied with a supply pressure (rail pressure). Then the same pressure conditions (rail pressure) prevail on all pressure surfaces of a piston 6.
  • the piston 6 is pressure balanced.
  • the piston 6 is pressed into its initial position by an additional spring 8.
  • the differential space 7 is relieved of pressure and the pressure booster 4 generates a pressure boost according to the area ratio.
  • This type of control can achieve that To reset the pressure booster 4 and to refill a pressure chamber 9, a pressure booster chamber 10 on the pressure side does not have to be depressurized. With a small hydraulic ratio, the relaxation losses can be greatly reduced.
  • a throttle 1 1 and a simple 2/2-way valve 1 2 can be used instead of a complex 3/2-way valve.
  • the throttle 1 1 ' connects the differential space 7 with fuel under supply pressure from a pressure storage space.
  • the 2/2-way valve 12 connects the differential space 7 to a leakage line 13.
  • the throttle 1 1 should be designed as small as possible, but still so large that the piston 6 returns to its starting position between the injection cycles.
  • a guide leakage of the piston 6 can also be used as a throttle.
  • the throttle can also be integrated in the piston.
  • the injector 3 is under the pressure of the pressure storage space.
  • the pressure booster 4 is in the starting position. Injection with rail pressure can now take place through valve 1 4. If an injection with higher pressure is desired, the 2/2-way valve 1 2 is activated (opened) and a pressure boost is achieved.
  • the injection takes place via a fuel metering by means of an axially displaceable in a guide bore of the nozzle needle 15 having a conical valve sealing face at its one end, with which it cooperates with a valve seat surface on the injector housing of the injector •.
  • 3 Injection openings are provided on the valve seat surface of the injector housing.
  • a pressure surface pointing in the opening direction of the nozzle needle 15 is exposed to the pressure prevailing there, which is supplied to the nozzle space 16 via a pressure line.
  • a pressure piece 18 also acts on the nozzle needle 15, the end face of the control chamber facing away from the valve sealing surface. 19 limited.
  • the control room 1 9 has from Fuel pressure connection forth an inlet with a first throttle and an outlet to a pressure relief line 20 with a second throttle, which is controlled by the 2/2-way valve 14.
  • Fuel under the first or second system pressure constantly fills the nozzle chamber 1 6 and the control chamber 1 9.
  • the pressure in the control chamber 1 9 can be reduced, so that in consequently the pressure force acting in the opening direction on the nozzle needle 1 5 in the nozzle space 1 6 and the pressure force acting in the closing direction on the nozzle needle 1 5.
  • the valve sealing face lifts off from the valve seat and fuel ⁇ • is injected.
  • the pressure relief process of the control chamber 1 9 and thus the stroke control of the nozzle needle 15 can be influenced via the dimensioning of the throttles.
  • the discharge cross-section of the differential chamber 7 is designed in several stages; in the initial position of the piston 6, only the discharge path 21 is open. As a result, when the valve 1 2 is opened, there is a slow pressure drop within the differential space 7, a damped movement of the piston 6 and a slow pressure increase in the pressure chamber 9
  • a continuous cross-sectional enlargement can also be used be formed (Figs. 2 and 3) .
  • a uniform, flat pressure rise can be achieved without disturbing pressure vibrations.
  • a piston is only a partial surface 25 of a ⁇ slit-shaped opening released 24 (longitudinal direction of the opening and the piston) according to the position of the piston 24 26 to 'a control edge 24' by the direction of movement 23 and a partial surface 27 of the opening 26 covered.
  • the opening 26 in the wall surface of the differential space connects the differential space 7 (see FIG. 1) to the leakage line (see FIG. 1) and can be closed by the piston.
  • FIG. 3 has a slot-shaped aperture 28 in the 'wall surface of a pressure intensifier space to a variable in the direction of movement 23 of the piston 30 cross sectional area.
  • the piston 30 itself has a recess 31 which creates the continuous connection of the differential space 7 (see FIG. 1) to the leakage line.
  • the recess 31 forms a kind of control window that slides along the slot 28.
  • the discharge cross-section can be varied as required over the stroke of the piston.
  • the slot-shaped opening 28 can also be formed in the piston and the control edge 24 ' or a recess 31 in the wall surface.

Abstract

A fuel injection device comprising a pressure booster. The pressure booster comprises a displaceable piston (24) which can be impinged upon with pressure via a pressure booster chamber on the low pressure side in order to compress the fuel which is to be fed to an injector. The stroke (24) of the piston can be essentially controlled by the pressure in a differential chamber of the pressure booster and is used to influence the pressure of the fuel fed to the injector. Means (24, 25) are provided for enlarging the cross-section of the discharge from the differential chamber of the pressure booster. The fuel pressure can be influenced during injection. An increase in pressure can be obtained using simple means.

Description

Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit Druckverstärker Fuel injector with pressure booster
B E S C H R E I B U N GDESCRIPTION
Stand der TechnikState of the art
- Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtu g gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 .The invention relates to a fuel injection device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Zum besseren Verständnis der Beschreibung und der Patentansprüche werden nachfolgend einige Begriffe erläutert: Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung kann sowohl hubgesteuert als auch druckgesteuert ausgebildet sein. Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird . . unter ' einer . hubqesteuertenFor a better understanding of the description and the patent claims, some terms are explained below: The fuel injection device according to the invention can be designed both stroke-controlled and pressure-controlled. Within the scope of the invention. , under ' one . hubqesteuerten
Kraftstoff einspritzeinrichtunq verstanden, dass das Öffnen und Schließen der Einspritzöffnung mit Hilfe einer verschiebbaren Düsennadel aufgrund des hydraulischen Zusammenwirkens der Kraftstoffdrücke in einem Düsenraum und in einem Steuerraum erfolgt. Eine Druckabsenkung innerhalb des Steuerraums bewirkt einen Hub der Düsennadel. Alternativ kann das Auslenken der Düsennadel durch ein Stellglied (Aktor, Aktuator) erfolgen. Bei einer druckgesteuerten Kraftstoff einspritzeinrichtunq gemäß der Erfindung wird die Düsennadel durch den im Düsenraum eines Injektors herrschenden Kraftstoffdruck gegen die Wirkung einer Schließkraft (Feder) bewegt, so dass die Einspritzöffnung für eine Einspritzung des Kraftstoffs aus dem Düsenraum in den Zylinder freigegeben wird. Der Druck, mit dem Kraftstoff aus dem Düsenraum in einen Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine austritt, wird als Einspritzdruck bezeichnet, während unter einem Svstemdruck der Druck verstanden wird, unter dem Kraftstoff innerhalb der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung zur Verfügung steht bzw. bevorratet ist. Kraftstoffzumessung bedeutet, eine definierte Kraftstoffmenge' zur Einspritzung bereitzustellen. Unter Leckage ist eine Menge an Kraftstoff zu verstehen, die beim Betrieb der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung entsteht (z.B. eine Führungsleckage), nicht zur Einspritzung verwendet und zum Kraftstofftank zurückgefördert wird. Das Druckniveau dieser Leckage kann einen Standdruck aufweisen, wobei der Kraftstoff anschließend auf das Druckniveau des Kraftstofftanks entspannt wird. Viele Motorenhersteller fordern eine flache Druckanstiegsflanke zu Beginn der Einspritzung. Oftmals wird auch eine Bootphase zur Reduktion von Emissionen gewünscht. Bei Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungen mit Druckverstärker, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-A1 -1 991 0970 bekannt sind, kann der Druckverstärker zur Formung des Einspritzverlaufs verwendet werden. So lässt sich der gewünschte Einspritzverlauf ohne zusätzliche Teile, wie z.B. Ausweichkolben realisieren. Zur Beeinflussung des Druckverlaufs kann dabei die Bewegung des Kolbens des Druckverstärkers genutzt werden. Die hubabhängige Beeinflussung des Zuiaufquerschnitts zum niederdruckseitigen Druckverstärkerraum ist aus der US-PS 5 ,568,31 7 bekannt. Durch die US-PS wird . eine mehrstufige Steuerung des Zulauf querschnitts vorgeschlagen.Fuel einspritzeinrichtunq understood that the opening and closing of the injection port by means of a displaceable nozzle needle due to the hydraulic interaction of the fuel pressures is effected in a nozzle chamber and in a control chamber. A pressure drop within the control room causes the nozzle needle to lift. Alternatively, the nozzle needle can be deflected by an actuator (actuator, actuator). In a pressure-controlled fuel injection device according to the invention, the nozzle needle is moved by the fuel pressure prevailing in the nozzle space of an injector against the action of a closing force (spring), so that the injection opening is released for an injection of the fuel from the nozzle space into the cylinder. The pressure with which fuel emerges from the nozzle chamber into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine is referred to as the injection pressure, while a system pressure is understood to mean the pressure under which fuel is available or is stored within the fuel injection device. Fuel metering means to provide a defined amount of fuel 'for injection. Leakage is to be understood as an amount of fuel that arises during operation of the fuel injection device (for example a guide leakage), is not used for injection and is returned to the fuel tank. The pressure level of this leakage can have a static pressure, the fuel then being expanded to the pressure level of the fuel tank. Many engine manufacturers require a flat pressure rise edge at the start of injection. A boot phase to reduce emissions is also often desired. In the case of fuel injection devices with a pressure booster, as are known, for example, from DE-A1-1 991 0970, the pressure booster can be used to shape the course of the injection. In this way, the desired injection process can be implemented without additional parts, such as evasive pistons. The movement of the piston of the pressure booster can be used to influence the pressure curve. The stroke-dependent influencing of the inlet cross-section to the low-pressure side pressure booster chamber is known from US Pat. No. 5,568,31 7. Through the US PS. a multi-stage control of the inlet cross-section proposed.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Zur Beeinflussung des Kraftstoffdrucks während der Einspritzung und zur Erzielung eines Druckanstiegs mit einfachen Mitteln wird eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 vorgeschlagen. Werden zum Beispiel zwei Ablaufquerschnitte (ein .größerer und ein kleinerer) aus dem Differenzraum des Druckverstärkers in Abhängigkeit vom Kolbenhub des Druckverstärkers nacheinander freigegeben, so lässt sich eine sog. Bootinjektion durchführen .To influence the fuel pressure during the injection and to achieve a pressure rise with simple means, a fuel injection device according to claim 1 is proposed. If, for example, two discharge cross sections (a larger and a smaller one) are released one after the other from the differential space of the pressure booster depending on the piston stroke of the pressure booster, a so-called boat injection can be carried out.
Zeichnungdrawing
Drei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung sind in der schematischen Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigen:Three exemplary embodiments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are shown in the schematic drawing and are explained in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine hubgesteuerte KraftstOffeinspritzeinrichtung mit einemFig. 1 is a stroke-controlled fuel injection device with a
Druckverstärker mit einem zweistufigen Ablaufquerschnitt;Pressure booster with a two-stage discharge cross-section;
Fig. 2 eine erste stufenlose Änderung Ablaufquerschnitts; Fig. 3 eine zweite stufenlose Änderung des Ablaufquerschnitts.Fig. 2 shows a first continuous change flow cross-section; Fig. 3 shows a second continuous change in the flow cross-section.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Bei dem in der Fig. 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel einer hubgesteuerten Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung 1 fördert eine mengengeregelte Kraftstoffpumpe Kraftstoff aus einem Vorratstank über eine Förderleitung in einen zentralen Druckspeicherraum (Common-Rail), von dem mehrere, der Anzahl einzelner Zylinder entsprechende Druckleitungen 2 zu den einzelnen, in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Injektoren 3 (Einspritzvorrichtung) abführen. In der Fig. 1 ist lediglich einer der Injektoren 3 eingezeichnet. Mit Hilfe der Kraftstoffpumpe wird ein erster Systemdruck erzeugt und im Druckspeicherraum gelagert. Dieser erste Systemdruck wird zur Voreinsprϊtzung und bei Bedarf zur Nacheinspritzung (HC-Anreicherung zur Abgasnachbehandlung oder Rußreduktion) sowie zur Darstellung eines Einspritzverlaufs mit Plateau (Bootinjektion) verwendet. Zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff mit einem zweiten höheren Systemdruck ist jedem Injektor 3 jeweils ein lokaler Druckverstärker 4 mit einem Rückschlagventil 5 und mit einem verschieblichen Kolben 6 zugeordnet. Derartige Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus der DE-A1 -1 9910970 bekannt.In the first exemplary embodiment of a stroke-controlled fuel injection device 1 shown in FIG. 1, a quantity-controlled fuel pump conveys fuel from a storage tank via a delivery line into a central pressure storage space (common rail), from which a plurality of pressure lines 2 corresponding to the number of individual cylinders to the individual, discharge into the combustion chamber of the injectors 3 (injection device) projecting. Only one of the injectors 3 is shown in FIG. 1. With the help of the fuel pump, a first system pressure is generated and stored in the pressure storage space. This first system pressure is used for pre-injection and, if necessary, for post-injection (HC enrichment for exhaust gas aftertreatment or soot reduction) as well as for displaying an injection curve with a plateau (boat injection). For the injection of fuel with a second higher system pressure, each injector 3 is assigned a local pressure booster 4 with a check valve 5 and with a displaceable piston 6. Such fuel injection devices are known, for example, from DE-A1-1 9910970.
Zur Steuerung des Druckverstärkers 4 wird der Druck im durch einen Übergang von einem größeren zu einem kleineren Kolbenquerschnitt ausgebildeten Differenzraum 7 verwendet. Zur Wiederbefüllung und Deaktivierung des Druckverstärkers wird der Differenzraum 7 mit einem Versorgungsdruck (Raildruck) beaufschlagt. Dann herrschen an allen Druckfiächen eines Kolbens 6 die gleichen Druckverhältnisse (Raildruck) . Der Kolben 6 ist druckausgeglichen . Durch eine zusätzliche Feder 8 wird der Kolben 6 in seine Ausgangsstellung gedrückt. Zur Aktivierung des Druckverstärkers 4 wird der Differenzraum 7 druckentlastet und der Druckverstärker 4 erzeugt eine Druckverstärkung gemäß dem Fiächenverhältnis. Durch diese Art der Steuerung kann erreicht werden, dass zur Rückstellung des Druckverstärkers 4 und zum Wiederbefüllen einer Druckkammer 9 ein πϊederdruckseitiger Druckverstärkerraum 10 nicht druckentlastet werden muss. Bei einer kleinen hydraulischen Übersetzung können damit die Entspannungsverluste stark reduziert werden.The pressure in the differential space 7 formed by a transition from a larger to a smaller piston cross-section is used to control the pressure booster 4. In order to refill and deactivate the pressure booster, the differential space 7 is supplied with a supply pressure (rail pressure). Then the same pressure conditions (rail pressure) prevail on all pressure surfaces of a piston 6. The piston 6 is pressure balanced. The piston 6 is pressed into its initial position by an additional spring 8. To activate the pressure booster 4, the differential space 7 is relieved of pressure and the pressure booster 4 generates a pressure boost according to the area ratio. This type of control can achieve that To reset the pressure booster 4 and to refill a pressure chamber 9, a pressure booster chamber 10 on the pressure side does not have to be depressurized. With a small hydraulic ratio, the relaxation losses can be greatly reduced.
Zur Steuerung des Druckverstärkers 4 kann anstelle eines aufwendigen 3/2-Wege- Ventils eine Drossel 1 1 und ein einfaches 2/2-Wege- Ventil 1 2 verwendet werden. Die Drossel 1 1 verbindet' den Differenzraum 7 mit unter Versorgungsdruck stehendem Kraftstoff aus einem Druckspeicherraum. Das 2/2-Wege-Ventil 12 schließt den Differenzraum 7 an eine Leckageleitung 13 an. Die Drossel 1 1 sollte möglichst klein ausgelegt werden, aber dennoch so groß, , dass der Kolben 6 zwischen den Einspritzzyklen in seine Ausgangslage zurückkehrt. Als Drossel kann auch eine Führungsleckage des Kolbens 6 verwendet werden. Bei geschlossenem 2/2-Wege-Ventil 1 2 entsteht keine Leckage in den Führungen des Kolbens 6, da der Differenzraum 7 druckbeaufschlagt ist. Die Drossel kann auch im Kolben integriert sein.To control the pressure booster 4, a throttle 1 1 and a simple 2/2-way valve 1 2 can be used instead of a complex 3/2-way valve. The throttle 1 1 ' connects the differential space 7 with fuel under supply pressure from a pressure storage space. The 2/2-way valve 12 connects the differential space 7 to a leakage line 13. The throttle 1 1 should be designed as small as possible, but still so large that the piston 6 returns to its starting position between the injection cycles. A guide leakage of the piston 6 can also be used as a throttle. When the 2/2-way valve 1 2 is closed, there is no leakage in the guides of the piston 6, since the differential space 7 is pressurized. The throttle can also be integrated in the piston.
Sind die 2/2-Wege-Ventile 1 2 und 14 geschlossen, so steht der Injektor 3 unter dem Druck des Druckspeicherraums. Der Druckverstärker 4 befindet sich in der Ausgangsstellung. Nun kann durch das Ventil 1 4 eine Einspritzung mit Raildruck erfolgen. Wird eine Einspritzung mit höherem Druck gewünscht, so wird das 2/2- Wege-Ventil 1 2 angesteuert (geöffnet) und damit eine Druckverstärkung erreicht.If the 2/2-way valves 1 2 and 14 are closed, the injector 3 is under the pressure of the pressure storage space. The pressure booster 4 is in the starting position. Injection with rail pressure can now take place through valve 1 4. If an injection with higher pressure is desired, the 2/2-way valve 1 2 is activated (opened) and a pressure boost is achieved.
Die Einspritzung erfolgt über eine Kraftstoff-Zumessung mit Hilfe einer in einer Führungsbohrung axial verschiebbaren Düsennadel 15 mit einer konischen Ventildichtfläche an seinem einen Ende, mit der es mit einer Ventilsitzfläche am Injektorgehäuse des Injektors 3 zusammenwirkt. An der Ventilsitzfläche des Injektorgehäuses sind Einspritzöffnungen vorgesehen. Innerhalb eines Düsenraums 16 ist eine in Öffnungsrichtung der Düsennadel 1 5 weisende Druckfläche dem dort herrschenden Druck ausgesetzt, der über eine Druckleitung dem Düsenraum 16 zugeführt wird. Koaxial zu einer Ventilfeder 17 greift ferner an der Düsennadel 1 5 ein Druckstück 18 an, das mit seiner der Ventildichtfläche abgewandten Stirnseite den, Steuerraum . 19 begrenzt. Der Steuerraum 1 9 hat vom Kraftstoffdruckanschluß her einen Zulauf mit einer ersten Drossel und einen Ablauf zu einer Druckentlastungsleitung 20 mit einer zweiten Drossel, die durch das 2/2-Wege-Ventil 14 gesteuert wird.The injection takes place via a fuel metering by means of an axially displaceable in a guide bore of the nozzle needle 15 having a conical valve sealing face at its one end, with which it cooperates with a valve seat surface on the injector housing of the injector •. 3 Injection openings are provided on the valve seat surface of the injector housing. Within a nozzle space 16, a pressure surface pointing in the opening direction of the nozzle needle 15 is exposed to the pressure prevailing there, which is supplied to the nozzle space 16 via a pressure line. Coaxial with a valve spring 17, a pressure piece 18 also acts on the nozzle needle 15, the end face of the control chamber facing away from the valve sealing surface. 19 limited. The control room 1 9 has from Fuel pressure connection forth an inlet with a first throttle and an outlet to a pressure relief line 20 with a second throttle, which is controlled by the 2/2-way valve 14.
5 ' Unter dem ersten oder zweiten Systemdruck stehender Kraftstoff füllt ständig den Düsenraum 1 6 und den Steuerraum 1 9. Bei Betätigung (Öffnen) des 2/2-Wege- Ventils 1 4 kann der Druck im Steuerraum 1 9 abgebaut werden, so dass in der Folge die in Öffnungsrichtung auf die Düsennadel 1 5 wirkende Druckkraft im Düsenraum 1 6 den in Schließrichtung auf die Düsennadel 1 5 wirkende Druckkraft . 10 übersteigt. Die Ventildichtfläche hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche ab und Kraftstoff ■ wird eingespritzt. Dabei lässt sich der Druckentlastungsvorgang des Steuerraums 1 9 und somit die Hubsteuerung der Düsennadel 1 5 über die Dimensionierung der Drossein beeinflussen.5 ' Fuel under the first or second system pressure constantly fills the nozzle chamber 1 6 and the control chamber 1 9. When the 2/2-way valve 1 4 is actuated (opened), the pressure in the control chamber 1 9 can be reduced, so that in consequently the pressure force acting in the opening direction on the nozzle needle 1 5 in the nozzle space 1 6 and the pressure force acting in the closing direction on the nozzle needle 1 5. Exceeds 10. The valve sealing face lifts off from the valve seat and fuel ■ is injected. The pressure relief process of the control chamber 1 9 and thus the stroke control of the nozzle needle 15 can be influenced via the dimensioning of the throttles.
15 Das Ende der Einspritzung wird durch erneutes Betätigen (Schließen) des 2/2- Wege-Ventils 14 eingeleitet, das den Steuerraum 1 9 wieder von der Leckageleitung 20 abkoppelt, so dass sich im Steuerraum 1 9 wieder ein Druck aufhaut, der das Druckstück 1 8 in Schließrichtung bewegen kann.15 The end of the injection is initiated by renewed actuation (closing) of the 2/2-way valve 14, which uncouples the control chamber 1 9 from the leakage line 20, so that pressure builds up again in the control chamber 1 9, which pressurizes the pressure piece 1 8 can move in the closing direction.
20 Zur Verbesserung des Druckanstiegs wird der Ablaufquerschnitt des Differenzraums 7 mehrstufig ausgeführt, in der Ausgangsstellung des Kolbens 6 ist nur der Ablaufpfad 21 geöffnet. Dadurch erfolgt beim Öffnen des Ventils 1 2 ein langsamer Druckabfall innerhalb des Differenzraums 7, eine gedämpfte Bewegung des Kolbens 6 und ein langsamer Druckanstieg in der Druckkammer 920 To improve the pressure rise, the discharge cross-section of the differential chamber 7 is designed in several stages; in the initial position of the piston 6, only the discharge path 21 is open. As a result, when the valve 1 2 is opened, there is a slow pressure drop within the differential space 7, a damped movement of the piston 6 and a slow pressure increase in the pressure chamber 9
25 auf ein mittleres Duckniveau. Nach einem Hub h wird zusätzlich ein zweiter, größerer Ablauf pf ad 22 vom Kolben 6 freigegeben. Es erfolgt ein verstärkter Druckabfall innerhalb des Differenzraums 7 und eine ungedämpfte Bewegung des Kolbens 6 mit einem resultierenden maximalen Druckniveau in der Druckkammer 9. Nach dem Schließen des Ventils 1 2 wird der Kolben 6 in seine25 to a medium pressure level. After a stroke h, a second, larger discharge pf ad 22 is additionally released by the piston 6. There is an increased pressure drop within the differential space 7 and an undamped movement of the piston 6 with a resulting maximum pressure level in the pressure chamber 9. After the valve 1 2 is closed, the piston 6 is in its
30 Ausgangsstellung zurück bewegt. Der Druckverstärker 4 ist deaktiviert.30 Starting position moved back. The pressure booster 4 is deactivated.
An Stelle der abgestuften Querschnittsvergrößerung des Ablaufs aus dem Differenzraum 7 kann auch eine kontinuierliche Querschnittsvergrößerung ausgebildet sein (Fign. 2 und 3).- Es kann ein gleichmäßiger flacher Druckanstieg ohne störende Druckschwingungen erreicht werden. Gemäß Fig. 2 wird durch die Bewegungsrichtung 23 eines Kolbens 24 (Längsrichtung der Öffnung und des Kolbens) je nach Stellung des Kolbens 24 lediglich eine Teilfläche 25 einer schlitzförmigen Öffnung 26 bis zu' einer Steuerkante 24 ' freigegeben und eine Teilfläche 27 der Öffnung 26 abgedeckt. Die Öffnung 26 in der Wandfläche des Differenzraums stellt die Verbindung des Differenzraums 7 (siehe Fig. 1 ) zur Leckageleitung her (siehe Fig. 1 ) und ist durch den Kolben verschließbar. Mit zunehmendem Kolbenhub wird ein größerer Ablaufquerschnitt freigegeben. Gemäß Fig. 3 weist eine schlitzförmige Öffnung 28 in der ' Wandfläche eines Druckverstärkerraums eine in Bewegungsrichtung 23 des Kolbens 30 variable Querschnittsfläche auf. Der Kolben 30 besitzt selbst eine Ausnehmung 31 , welche die durchgängige Verbindung des Differenzraums 7 (siehe Fig. 1 ) zur Leckageleitung herstellt. Die Ausnehmung 31 bildet eine Art Steuerfenster, das an dem Schlitz 28 entlang gleitet. Der Ablaufquerschnitt kann über den Hubverlauf des Kolbens beliebig variiert werden. Alternativ kann die schlitzförmige Öffnung 28 auch im Kolben und die Steuerkante 24 ' bzw. eine Ausnehmung 31 in der Wandfläche ausgebildet sein. Instead of the graded cross-sectional enlargement of the drain from the differential space 7, a continuous cross-sectional enlargement can also be used be formed (Figs. 2 and 3) .- A uniform, flat pressure rise can be achieved without disturbing pressure vibrations. According to FIG. 2, a piston is only a partial surface 25 of a slit-shaped opening released 24 (longitudinal direction of the opening and the piston) according to the position of the piston 24 26 to 'a control edge 24' by the direction of movement 23 and a partial surface 27 of the opening 26 covered. The opening 26 in the wall surface of the differential space connects the differential space 7 (see FIG. 1) to the leakage line (see FIG. 1) and can be closed by the piston. As the piston stroke increases, a larger discharge cross section is released. Referring to FIG. 3 has a slot-shaped aperture 28 in the 'wall surface of a pressure intensifier space to a variable in the direction of movement 23 of the piston 30 cross sectional area. The piston 30 itself has a recess 31 which creates the continuous connection of the differential space 7 (see FIG. 1) to the leakage line. The recess 31 forms a kind of control window that slides along the slot 28. The discharge cross-section can be varied as required over the stroke of the piston. Alternatively, the slot-shaped opening 28 can also be formed in the piston and the control edge 24 ' or a recess 31 in the wall surface.

Claims

PA T E U T A N S P R U C H EPA T E U T A N S P R U C H E
1. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung (1 ) mit einem Druckverstärker (4), der einen über einen niederdruckseitigen Druckverstärkerraum ( 10) druckbeaufschlag baren, - verschiebbaren Kolben (6; 24; 30) zur Komprimierung des einem Injektor (3) zuzuführenden Kraftstoffs in einem hochdruckseitigen Druckverstärkerrau m (9) aufweist, wobei der Hub des Kolbens (6; 24; 30) im wesentlichen durch den Druck in einem Differen∑raum (7) des Druckverstärkers (4) steuerbar ist und zur Beeinflussung des dem Injektor (3) zugeführten Kraftstόffdrucks verwendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel . (24, 25 ; 28, 31 ) zur 1. Fuel injector (1) having a pressure amplifier (4) having a druckbeaufschlag via a low-pressure side pressure booster chamber (10) bears, - displaceable piston (6; 24; 30) for compression of an injector (3) to be supplied to the fuel in a high-pressure side Druckverstärkerrau m (9), the stroke of the piston (6; 24; 30) being essentially controllable by the pressure in a differential space (7) of the pressure booster (4) and used to influence the fuel pressure supplied to the injector (3) is characterized in that means. (24, 25; 28, 31) for
Querschnittssteuerung des Ablauf querschnitts aus dem Differenzrau n (7 ) des Druckverstärkers (4) vorgesehen sind. ' Cross-sectional control of the discharge cross-section from the differential roughness (7) of the pressure booster (4) is provided. '
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein vom Kolbenhub (h) abhängiger erster Querschnitt (erste Stufe) und ein zweiter Querschnitt (zweite Stufe) des Ablaufs vorgesehen ist.2. Fuel injection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a first cross-section (first stage) and a second cross-section (second stage) of the sequence which is dependent on the piston stroke (h) is provided.
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach' Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel durch mindestens eine schlitzförmige Öffnung (26; 28) zwischen dem Differeπ∑raum (7) des Druckverstärkers (4) und einer Leckageleitung (21 ) und den die Öffnung (26;28) verschließenden oder freigebenden Kolben (24; 30) ausgebildet sind.3. Fuel injection device according to ' Claim 1, characterized in that the means through at least one slot-shaped opening (26; 28) between the Differeπ∑raum (7) of the pressure booster (4) and a leakage line (21) and the opening (26; 28) closing or releasing pistons (24; 30) are formed.
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (24) eine Steuerkante (24 ' ) aufweist, bis zu welcher die Öffnung4. Fuel injection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston (24) has a control edge (24 ' ), up to which the opening
(26) freigeben . wird.Release (26). becomes.
5 . Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (30) eine Ausnehmung (31 ) aufweist, welche über der Öffnung (28) anordenbar ist und einen freigegebenen Bereich der Öffnung (28) definiert. 5. Fuel injection device according to claim 3, characterized in that the piston (30) has a recess (31) which can be arranged above the opening (28) and defines a released region of the opening (28).
EP02742762A 2001-06-01 2002-05-17 Fuel injection device with a pressure booster Expired - Lifetime EP1397593B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10126686 2001-06-01
DE10126686A DE10126686A1 (en) 2001-06-01 2001-06-01 Fuel injection system, for an IC motor, has a pressure amplifier with a sliding piston and controlled outflow cross section stages to set the fuel pressure according to the piston stroke and give a boot injection action
PCT/DE2002/001792 WO2002099270A1 (en) 2001-06-01 2002-05-17 Fuel injection device with a pressure booster

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EP1397593A1 true EP1397593A1 (en) 2004-03-17
EP1397593B1 EP1397593B1 (en) 2007-08-15

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EP (1) EP1397593B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4126011B2 (en)
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WO2002099270A1 (en) 2002-12-12
DE10126686A1 (en) 2002-12-19
DE50210713D1 (en) 2007-09-27
US6938610B2 (en) 2005-09-06
JP4126011B2 (en) 2008-07-30
EP1397593B1 (en) 2007-08-15
JP2004521242A (en) 2004-07-15
US20040089269A1 (en) 2004-05-13

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