EP1393005B1 - Luftzufuhrvorrichtung - Google Patents

Luftzufuhrvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1393005B1
EP1393005B1 EP02733753A EP02733753A EP1393005B1 EP 1393005 B1 EP1393005 B1 EP 1393005B1 EP 02733753 A EP02733753 A EP 02733753A EP 02733753 A EP02733753 A EP 02733753A EP 1393005 B1 EP1393005 B1 EP 1393005B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shutter
air
angle
section
balancing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02733753A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1393005A1 (de
Inventor
Hakan Gillbro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Acticon AB
Natvent AB
Original Assignee
Acticon AB
Natvent AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acticon AB, Natvent AB filed Critical Acticon AB
Publication of EP1393005A1 publication Critical patent/EP1393005A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1393005B1 publication Critical patent/EP1393005B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/12—Hinged dampers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/75—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity for maintaining constant air flow rate or air velocity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages

Definitions

  • the present invention is for a device to enable a simple way of obtaining relatively constant speed of flow from an air inlet device independent of the volume flow through the device to the room that is served.
  • the device also has the function of a smoke barrier in case of fire.
  • Air terminal devices for variable flow of air are available in the market as "variable flow terminals" but the devices have a comparatively complicated function that requires automation and high pressure in the connected duct.
  • An example of air terminal device is disclosed in document WO-8 704 507.
  • an air terminal with low temperature air and a variable flow of air also have a variable inlet flow area so that the speed of the blown in air is comparatively constant independent of the flow of air through the terminal. If the area is maintained and the flow of air decreases, then at a certain relation the air that is supplied through the terminal will flow downwards adjacent the terminal without being mixed with room air and thus cause an experience of draught at the dwelling zone underneath the terminal.
  • a pressure difference between the ventilation duct and the room that is served may be obtained either by that the pressure in the duct is obtained by a inlet air fan or by that the room is at underpressure by means of an outlet air fan.
  • the terminal functions also at very small pressure differences as it is in practice not possible to have more than 15-25 Pa underpressure without leakage flows of undue air to the room through the surrounding surfaces of room becoming to large, also after sealing measures having been taken.
  • Variation of the flow of air to the terminal is not obtained by means of the air terminal but by some other means, e.g. a local restriction valve that is controlled due to the temperature in the room or a fan the speed of which is controlled due to the outdoor temperature.
  • the present invention is not for the control of the flow of air in itself but the function is to adjust the area for the blowing in of air according to the existing pressure difference between the duct and the room.
  • the object of the air terminal device according to the invention is to achieve in a simple way a variation of the inflow area by means of the pressure difference that exists between the room and the ventilation duct that is connected to the air terminal device. It is also an object of the invention to direct the inflowing air so that it is distributed over the wall surface or roof surface at which the terminal device is mounted. It is a further object to achieve a protection against spreading of smoke gases in case of fire.
  • the device is so designed that the said function is achieved also when the pressure difference between the room and the duct is very small ( ⁇ 5 Pa).
  • One or more cover discs cover the free area of the terminal device to the room. These discs will below be named shutters.
  • One such shutter with suspension means has a function which may be looked upon as similar to that of a "see-saw", where on one side of the point of balance there is the shutter which opens in a first direction and inwards to the room and at the other side of the point of balance there is a counter weight that moves in a second direction opposite to the first direction and inwards the terminal device and the duct.
  • the expression “movable beam” in the following description may be looked upon as similar to the "see-saw”.
  • the expression “fixed beam” in the following description is similar to "the support of the see-saw”.
  • Reference numeral (1) is for a detail of the air terminal device that connects to a ceiling (2) and the ventilation duct (3).
  • a fixed beam (4) is mounted in the cross section area of the device (1).
  • the fixed beam (4) has notches for hanging points (5) that control the position of hanging of movable beams (6).
  • the shutter (7) is fixed to two movable beams (6). These movable beams (6) have a notch for a hanging point (5) that controls the position of hanging on the fixed beam (4).
  • the shutter (7) can be one or more shutters depending upon which direction and capacity of blown in air that is desired.
  • the movable beams may be one or more for each shutter, but 2 of them seems to be most useful.
  • the notches of the fixed beam (4) and the moveable beams (6) are so designed that the contacting surface (5) will be very small and so that movements of the shutter (7) having movable beams (6) takes place with very small friction. This is an important condition in order that the device will function properly at small pressure differences.
  • the movable beams (6) In order to control the position of the shutter (7) the movable beams (6) have counterweights (8) that cause the shutter (7) to close the free area of the device (1) when the pressure difference between the room and the connected duct (3) is small. At increasing pressure drop the shutter (7) opens with a turning movement so that the area of blowing in is increased.
  • the counterweight (8) is dimensioned so that the pressure drop and thus the speed of blowing in will be correct for the installation in question thereby that the counterweight (8) create a torque which is opposite to the torque which is caused by the weight of the shutter (7), the beams (6) and pressure difference between the room and the duct by influence of pressure on the shutter (7).
  • the fixed beam (4) divides the cross section area of the device (1) at the middle.
  • a copy of the shutter (7) with the movable beams (6) is mounted at the opposite side of the fixed beam (4).
  • the direction of blowing in then is in two opposite directions.
  • the shutters (7) are named (A) and (B) in figure 3.
  • In case of single direction blowing in it is arranged so that the free area is partly covered by a fixed cover/shutter (7) which forms a part of the fixed device (1).
  • the shutters redirect the inflowing air so that it mainly follows the surface at which the device is mounted.
  • an elastic, temperature sensitive means (10) affects the movements of the shutter (7) due to pressure difference so that the movement e.g. is counteracted when the temperature of the inflowing air in the duct is decreased.
  • Such a function might be important in the case when the device is connected directly to the outdoor air or to a ventilation duct wherein very cold air may be distributed to the device.
  • the means (10) is a weak bimetal spring.
  • the reference (FV) indicates torque that is caused by movement of bimetal spring at a warmer temperature of inflowing air and (FK) at a colder temperature of inflowing air.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the following example of a calculation in order to determine characteristics of the arranging of the counterweight at certain given conditions.
  • a certain increase of the relative torque of the counterweight is necessary to make the movement steady, otherwise the device will open fully and instantaneously at the smallest increase of pressure.
  • the distance of the centre of gravity in the horizontal plane (TPL1 and TPL2) is 100 mm at each side of the centre of balance.
  • the total mass (m1) of the shutter is assumed to be 50 g and the centre point of gravity (TPL1) of the mass has the same position as the centre point of the influence of the air pressure at the surface of the shutter.
  • the initial pressure for opening of the shutter shall be 5 Pa and the pressure to fully open the shutter shall be 25 Pa, meaning the sum of static and dynamic pressure on the shutter.
  • the shutter shall open so that its angle to the horizontal plane changes from 0 to 30 degrees.
  • F11, F12 and F21, F22 respectively indicate the torque influencing power at different angle to the horizontal plane at respectively closed and open shutter.
  • M1 and m2 indicate the total mass on either side of the point of balance and the area of the shutter that is affected by the air pressure is 0, 01 m2.
  • the angles a1 and a2 are the angles of the counterweight to the horizontal plane seen from its centre of gravity.
  • the torque exerted by the air pressure on the shutter in closed position will be 470 gmm and the torque of the mass of the shutter will be 4698 gmm, totally 5168 gmm.
  • the shutter will be fully open which corresponds to a torque exerted by the air of 1607 gmm and the torque of the mass of the shutter is in this position 3215 gmm, totally 4822 gmm.
  • the torque of the counterweight shall at both angles (a1 and a2) be the same as the total torque of the shutter. It can then be calculated that the angle a2 shall be 7,6 degrees and the angle a1 shall be 22,4 degrees to the horizontal plane.
  • the mass of the counterweight shall be 52,1 g.
  • a protective plate (9) is arranged above (in case of mounting at the ceiling) the counterweights.
  • This protective plate prevents dirt and impurities from building upon the counterweights and the mounting arrangement.
  • the protective plate can also be mounted so that it sets a limit the movements of the counterweights and then also for the largest possible opening of the shutter.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Luftdurchlassvorrichtung zur unveränderlichen Geschwindigkeit eines Luftstroms bei veränderlichen Strömungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) mindestens eine Schließvorrichtung (7) umfasst, die die Öffnung der Luftpassage der Vorrichtung abdeckt, wobei die Schließvorrichtung mittels eines Teils eines Trägers (6) beweglich montiert ist, der um eine Aufhängung (5) frei drehbar ist, und der andere Teil des Trägers ein Gegengewicht ist oder trägt, und wobei die Linien, die die Schwerpunkte der Schließvorrichtungsseite und der Gegengewichtseite mit dem Drehpunkt verbinden in einem Winkel zu einander stehen, so dass die resultierende, schließende Kraft, die auf der Schließvorrichtung wirkt, sich vergrößert, je mehr die Schließvorrichtung geöffnet und die Fläche zum Einströmen dementsprechend justiert wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (6) zum Ausbalancieren der Schließvorrichtung gegen feste Teile (4) der Vorrichtung ruht und so angeordnet ist, dass die Kontaktflächen sehr klein sind und die Bewegungen unter geringer Reibung stattfindet.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ausbalancierende Vorrichtung Träger (6) sind, die zwei Schäfte haben, die am Balanceauflagepunkt verbunden sind, und die in einem Winkel (v) zu einander stehen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer Ruhelage, wenn die Deckplatte den Luftauslass schließt, die beiden Schäfte einen spitzen Winkel (a1, b1) mit der Ebene der Schließvorrichtung bilden.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Winkel (v) zwischen den Schäften 20 - 40 Grad beträgt.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schließvorrichtung so ausgelegt ist, dass die Richtung der Luftströmung von der Schließvorrichtung so geändert wird, dass sie aus einer Richtung, die im Wesentlichen parallel zum Einlasskanal ist, im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Fläche wird, an der die Vorrichtung montiert ist.
EP02733753A 2001-06-05 2002-06-05 Luftzufuhrvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP1393005B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0101953A SE0101953L (sv) 2001-06-05 2001-06-05 Tilluftsdon för reglering av effektiv inblåsningarea vid varierande luftflöde
SE0101953 2001-06-05
PCT/SE2002/001095 WO2003001124A1 (en) 2001-06-05 2002-06-05 Air-supply device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1393005A1 EP1393005A1 (de) 2004-03-03
EP1393005B1 true EP1393005B1 (de) 2005-12-07

Family

ID=20284341

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02733753A Expired - Lifetime EP1393005B1 (de) 2001-06-05 2002-06-05 Luftzufuhrvorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1393005B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE312322T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60207855T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2256479T3 (de)
SE (1) SE0101953L (de)
WO (1) WO2003001124A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE535779C2 (sv) 2010-12-14 2012-12-18 Lindinvent Ab Don med självverkande ventil för variabel strypning av flöden
PL3379165T3 (pl) 2017-03-21 2021-11-08 Lindinvent Ab Samoregulujący terminal nawiewny

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US218596A (en) * 1879-08-12 Improvement in automatic dampers
US2433981A (en) * 1944-04-22 1948-01-06 Everett S Buck Ventilating air distributor
SE7303205L (de) * 1972-03-08 1973-09-10
FI74344C (fi) * 1986-01-23 1988-01-11 Halton Oy Utspridare foer ingaongsluft.
NL8802196A (nl) * 1988-09-06 1990-04-02 Tno Zelfregelend ventilatierooster.
US5195927A (en) * 1991-08-05 1993-03-23 Raydot, Incorporated Air intake apparatus for inner wall
WO1996039022A1 (en) * 1995-06-05 1996-12-12 Osborne Industries, Inc. Method and means for improved sidewall ventilation
JP2993412B2 (ja) * 1995-11-20 1999-12-20 三菱電機株式会社 吹出口及び該吹出口を備えた空気調和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0101953L (sv) 2002-12-06
EP1393005A1 (de) 2004-03-03
DE60207855D1 (de) 2006-01-12
SE0101953D0 (sv) 2001-06-05
DE60207855T2 (de) 2006-07-27
ES2256479T3 (es) 2006-07-16
WO2003001124A1 (en) 2003-01-03
ATE312322T1 (de) 2005-12-15

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