EP1391525A1 - Process and apparatus for blackening components - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for blackening components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1391525A1 EP1391525A1 EP03014657A EP03014657A EP1391525A1 EP 1391525 A1 EP1391525 A1 EP 1391525A1 EP 03014657 A EP03014657 A EP 03014657A EP 03014657 A EP03014657 A EP 03014657A EP 1391525 A1 EP1391525 A1 EP 1391525A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- treatment room
- treatment
- heat treatment
- mbar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for blackening components. Furthermore The invention relates to a device with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
- Black surfaces are oxidative processes within gaseous atmospheres or liquid media as well as around galvanic treatments. Black surfaces are created to For example, to obtain an attractive surface of the component To make the surface more corrosion-resistant, for example against rust, and to achieve a higher abrasion resistance.
- EP 0 655 512 B1 discloses a process for producing uniform oxidation layers on metallic workpieces following a nitriding or nitrocarburizing process, in which the workpieces are exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere for a predetermined time after nitriding or nitrocarburizing at a given temperature.
- the outer peripheral layer of the workpiece which essentially consists of iron nitrides or carbonitrides, is converted into a thin iron oxide layer.
- the aim is a layer of Fe 3 O 4 . This layer has a black color.
- the disadvantage here is that the separate aftertreatment represents an additional work step.
- DE 43 33 940 C1 describes a method for treating parts, especially steel and / or castings, known in which a blackened Surface is created by introducing the parts in an oven or atomizing a reducing and oxidizing reaction gas Hardening temperatures in the furnace chamber are oxidized and hardened at the same time.
- the disadvantage here is that the direct introduction in the hot state Loading of the furnace arises. Furthermore, to prevent premature oxidation during heating to prevent the part from a veil of flame be surrounded.
- Another way to blacken surfaces is to: After tempering, the workpiece is quenched in an emulsion, causing the oxidized surface is blackened.
- the disadvantage here is that an additional Process step must be carried out that the emulsion against attack must be protected from microbes and only by expensive, additional Treatment measures can be disposed of.
- the oxide layers have a Have a tendency to flake off if the oxide layer is too thick or none there is sufficient adhesion between the oxide layer and the surface.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for blackening surfaces which, without an additional method step, creates black surfaces which do not tend to flake off. No liquids or baths that are expensive to manufacture, maintain and dispose of should be used. Furthermore, an apparatus for performing this method is to be created.
- the solution of the object according to the invention provides that the surface within a treatment room is subjected to a heat treatment with simultaneous supply of a carbon-emitting medium.
- the surface of the component already in the treatment room is brought into contact with carbon. This is caused by splitting the carbon-donating medium. The splitting takes place through the supply of heat.
- the carbon reacts with the surface of the component and blackens it.
- the disadvantages cited above are advantageously avoided deep black surfaces created. With this procedure you can especially black surfaces on tools that have a hardness after hardening under certain circumstances have an unsightly surface. Furthermore the corrosion resistance of the components can also be increased. Since the Obtaining surfaces with a "satin-like" shine can very well durable, decorative surfaces, for example for housings from Stereo systems or other metal parts that, in addition to functionality, also have one Have design function, be created.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the Heat treatment is carried out under low pressure.
- the Move the low pressure in a range from 0.1 mbar to 15 mbar.
- low pressure allows a cheaper metering of the carbon content in the furnace, what prevents sooting of the furnace space.
- the proportion of the carbon-emitting medium too high which is inevitably disadvantageous leads to sooting of the furnace space. So that's the cost of that carbon-emitting medium higher and the furnace must be sooted regularly to ensure an optimal process.
- the heat treatment itself can be carried out at a temperature of 200 ° C to 700 ° C be performed. In this temperature range, a good implementation of the Carbon reached with the surface of the component.
- The is preferably Temperature 300 ° C to 570 ° C, particularly preferably from 350 ° C to 475 ° C. Die
- the duration of the heat treatment can vary by varying the temperature and / or the pressure can be regulated.
- the carbon content itself can be within of the treatment room can be regulated by varying the pressure.
- the Regulation may be necessary to change the atmosphere in the To reach the treatment room over the duration of the treatment.
- the carbon-emitting medium can be gaseous in the treatment room be initiated.
- a liquid feed is also possible.
- carbon donating medium may include hydrocarbons, in particular Acetylene, carbon monoxide or a mixture thereof can be supplied. This Fabrics are suitable as a carbon supplier due to their good splittability. However, other substances are also conceivable as a carbon-donating medium.
- the invention provides for carrying out the method according to the invention Device with a heatable treatment room and a device for regulated supply of the carbon-emitting medium.
- the Treatment room can be evacuated.
- To evacuate the Treatment room can be a device, in particular a Vacuum pump can be provided.
- one Monitoring device for the carbon content in the atmosphere of the Treatment room can be provided to a controlled supply of to obtain carbon-emitting medium.
- a furnace can be provided as the treatment room.
- the oven can Have lining.
- This lining can be made of metal. Of these, should be avoided if there are catalytic surfaces. In such cases, the lining should not be metallic.
- the lining can be designed to be interchangeable to prevent any To be able to eliminate soot.
- the single figure shows a diagram according to the invention Contraption.
- a furnace chamber 1 of a vacuum furnace there is a component 2, the Surface to be blackened.
- the surfaces to be blackened Component 2 are untreated.
- a heating unit 3 is used in the furnace chamber 1 generates a temperature of 450 °.
- a vacuum pump 4 Pressure in the furnace chamber 1 reduced to a pressure of 5 mbar.
- Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) is supplied to the furnace chamber 1 as a carbon-emitting medium via a feed unit 5.
- the acetylene is split up in the furnace chamber 1. Carbon is released into the atmosphere in the furnace chamber 1. The carbon comes into contact with the surface of component 2 and causes blackening.
- the carbon content of the atmosphere is monitored via a monitoring sensor 6 Oven chamber 1 monitored. Via a connection (not shown) with the Feed unit 5, the monitoring sensor 6 controls the supply of the carbon-emitting medium to set an optimal concentration too can. The carbon content is adjusted so that sooting of the Oven chamber walls are avoided if possible. Towards the end of the treatment period the addition of acetylene is reduced in order to make optimum use of the Carbon. After a treatment time of two hours, the remaining atmosphere is suctioned off and in the furnace chamber again Ambient pressure. Furthermore, the furnace chamber and the component 2 so that the device is immediately available for the next process is cooled as quickly as possible, which does not change the properties of the blackened component 2 results. Subsequently, the component 2 with blackened surface of the furnace chamber 1 can be removed. The on this Surface blackening generated in this way is adherent, which means Abrasion tests have been demonstrated.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schwärzen von Bauteilen. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung, mit der das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.The invention relates to a method for blackening components. Furthermore The invention relates to a device with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Verfahren zur Erzeugung schwarzer Oberflächen bekannt. Hierbei handelt es sich um oxidative Verfahren innerhalb von gasförmigen Atmosphären oder flüssigen Medien sowie um galvanische Behandlungen. Schwarze Oberflächen werden erzeugt, um beispielsweise eine ansprechende Oberfläche des Bauteils zu erhalten, die Oberfläche korrosionsbeständiger beispielsweise gegen Flugrost zu machen und eine höhere Abriebfestigkeit zu erreichen.Various production methods are known from the prior art known black surfaces. These are oxidative processes within gaseous atmospheres or liquid media as well as around galvanic treatments. Black surfaces are created to For example, to obtain an attractive surface of the component To make the surface more corrosion-resistant, for example against rust, and to achieve a higher abrasion resistance.
Aus der EP 0 655 512 B1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einheitlicher Oxidationsschichten auf metallischen Werkstücken im Anschluß an ein Nitrieroder Nitrocarburierverfahren bekannt, bei dem die Werkstücke nach dem Nitrieren oder Nitrocarburieren bei gegebener Temperatur für eine vorgegebene Zeit einer Oxidationsatmosphäre ausgesetzt werden. Bei der Nachoxidation wird die äußere Randschicht des Werkstücks, die im wesentlichen aus Eisennitriden bzw. Carbonitriden besteht, in eine dünne Eisenoxidschicht umgewandelt. Angestrebt dabei ist eine Schicht aus Fe3O4. Diese Schicht weist eine schwarze Färbung auf. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß die separate Nachbehandlung einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt darstellt. EP 0 655 512 B1 discloses a process for producing uniform oxidation layers on metallic workpieces following a nitriding or nitrocarburizing process, in which the workpieces are exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere for a predetermined time after nitriding or nitrocarburizing at a given temperature. During the post-oxidation, the outer peripheral layer of the workpiece, which essentially consists of iron nitrides or carbonitrides, is converted into a thin iron oxide layer. The aim is a layer of Fe 3 O 4 . This layer has a black color. The disadvantage here is that the separate aftertreatment represents an additional work step.
Aus der DE 43 33 940 C1 ist ein Verfahren zum Behandeln von Teilen, insbesondere Stahl- und/oder Gußteilen, bekannt, bei dem eine geschwärzte Oberfläche dadurch erzeugt wird, daß die Teile in einem Ofen mittels Einleitung oder Verdüsung eines reduzierend und oxidierend wirkenden Reaktionsgases bei Härtetemperaturen im Ofenraum gleichzeitig oxidiert und gehärtet werden. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß durch das direkte Einbringen im heißen Zustand eine Belastung des Ofens entsteht. Des weiteren muß, um eine vorzeitige Oxidation während der Erwärmung zu verhindern, das Teil von einem Flammenschleier umgeben sein.DE 43 33 940 C1 describes a method for treating parts, especially steel and / or castings, known in which a blackened Surface is created by introducing the parts in an oven or atomizing a reducing and oxidizing reaction gas Hardening temperatures in the furnace chamber are oxidized and hardened at the same time. The disadvantage here is that the direct introduction in the hot state Loading of the furnace arises. Furthermore, to prevent premature oxidation during heating to prevent the part from a veil of flame be surrounded.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zum Schwärzen von Oberflächen besteht darin, das Werkstück nach dem Anlassen in einer Emulsion abzuschrecken, wodurch die oxidierte Oberfläche geschwärzt wird. Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß ein zusätzlicher Verfahrensschritt durchgeführt werden muß, daß die Emulsion gegen den Befall von Mikroben geschützt werden muß und sie nur durch teure, zusätzliche Behandlungsmaßnahmen entsorgt werden kann.Another way to blacken surfaces is to: After tempering, the workpiece is quenched in an emulsion, causing the oxidized surface is blackened. The disadvantage here is that an additional Process step must be carried out that the emulsion against attack must be protected from microbes and only by expensive, additional Treatment measures can be disposed of.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zum Schwärzen von Bauteiloberflächen stellt die Nachbehandlung in Flüssigkeiten dar. Hierbei werden die Bauteile nach dem Härten in sogenannte Brünierbäder oder Salzbäder getaucht. Auch bei diesem Verfahren handelt es sich um zusätzliche Verfahrensschritte und die Bäder müssen aufwendig hergestellt, überwacht und beseitigt werden. Insbesondere bei Salzbädern kann die Problematik bestehen, daß diese Cyanide enthalten. Eine Entsorgung ist somit aufwendig und teuer.Another possibility for blackening component surfaces is the Aftertreatment in liquids. Here, the components after the Hardness immersed in so-called bronzing baths or salt baths. This too The process involves additional process steps and the baths have to be manufactured, monitored and eliminated in a complex manner. Especially at Salt baths can have the problem that they contain cyanides. A Disposal is therefore complex and expensive.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht im elektrolytischen Schwärzen in galvanischen Lösungen. Hierbei handelt es sich z. B. um das Schwarzchromatieren. Aufgrund von möglichen ungleichmäßigen Schichtdicken bei der Metallabscheidung können bei diesem Verfahren allerdings unterschiedliche Farbverläufe entstehen. Nachteilig ist des weiteren, daß hier ein zusätzlicher Verfahrensschritt notwendig ist und daß die galvanische Lösung aufwendig entsorgt werden muß.Another possibility is electrolytic blackening in galvanic Solutions. This is e.g. B. about black chromating. by virtue of of possible uneven layer thicknesses during metal deposition however, this process produces different color gradients. Another disadvantage is that an additional process step is necessary here is and that the galvanic solution has to be disposed of at great expense.
Allgemein ist bei allen oxidischen Verfahren nachteilig, daß die Oxidschichten eine Neigung zum Abplatzen aufweisen, wenn die Oxidschicht zu dick ist oder keine ausreichende Haftfähigkeit zwischen Oxidschicht und Oberfläche vorhanden ist. In general, it is disadvantageous in all oxidic processes that the oxide layers have a Have a tendency to flake off if the oxide layer is too thick or none there is sufficient adhesion between the oxide layer and the surface.
Eine höhere Schichtdicke kann allerdings notwendig sein, um eine hinreichende Schwärzung zu erreichen.However, a higher layer thickness may be necessary in order to achieve a sufficient To achieve darkness.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Schwärzen von Oberflächen zu schaffen, welches ohne einen zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritt schwarze Oberflächen schafft, die nicht zum Abplatzen neigen. Es sollten keine in der Herstellung, Unterhaltung und Entsorgung teuren Flüssigkeiten oder Bäder zur Anwendung kommen. Des weiteren soll eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geschaffen werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for blackening surfaces which, without an additional method step, creates black surfaces which do not tend to flake off. No liquids or baths that are expensive to manufacture, maintain and dispose of should be used. Furthermore, an apparatus for performing this method is to be created.
Die erfindugsgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe sieht vor, daß die Oberfläche innerhalb eines Behandlungsraums einer Wärmebehandlung bei gleichzeitigem Zuführen eines kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums unterzogen wird. Die Oberfläche des sich bereits im Behandlungsraum befindlichen Bauteils wird mit Kohlenstoff in Verbindung gebracht. Dieser entsteht durch ein Aufspalten des kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums. Das Aufspalten erfolgt durch die Wärmezufuhr. Der Kohlenstoff reagiert mit der Oberfläche des Bauteils und schwärzt diese.The solution of the object according to the invention provides that the surface within a treatment room is subjected to a heat treatment with simultaneous supply of a carbon-emitting medium. The surface of the component already in the treatment room is brought into contact with carbon. This is caused by splitting the carbon-donating medium. The splitting takes place through the supply of heat. The carbon reacts with the surface of the component and blackens it.
In vorteilhafter Weise werden dabei unter Vermeidung der zuvor zitierten Nachteile tiefschwarze Oberflächen geschaffen. Mit diesem Verfahren lassen sich insbesondere schwarze Oberflächen auf Werkzeugen, die nach dem Härten eine unter Umständen unansehnliche Oberfläche aufweisen, herstellen. Des weiteren kann auch die Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Bauteile erhöht werden. Da die Oberflächen einen "satinartigen" Glanz erhalten, können sehr gut auch sehr beständige, dekorative Oberflächen beispielsweise für Gehäuse von Stereoanlagen oder andere Metallteile, die neben der Funktionalität noch eine Design-Funktion haben, geschaffen werden.In this case, the disadvantages cited above are advantageously avoided deep black surfaces created. With this procedure you can especially black surfaces on tools that have a hardness after hardening under certain circumstances have an unsightly surface. Furthermore the corrosion resistance of the components can also be increased. Since the Obtaining surfaces with a "satin-like" shine can very well durable, decorative surfaces, for example for housings from Stereo systems or other metal parts that, in addition to functionality, also have one Have design function, be created.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Wärmebehandlung unter Niederdruck erfolgt. Es kann dabei ein Niederdruck von 0,01 mbar bis 100 mbar angelegt werden. Vorzugsweise kann sich der Niederdruck in einem Bereich von 0,1 mbar bis 15 mbar bewegen. Niederdruck ermöglicht ein günstigeres Dosieren des Kohlenstoffgehaltes im Ofenraum, was ein Verrußen des Ofenraumes verhindert. Bei höheren Drücken, insbesondere unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen, ist der zudosierbare Anteil des kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums zu hoch, was unweigerlich in nachteiliger Weise zu Verrußungen des Ofenraums führt. Damit sind auch die Kosten für das kohlenstoffabgebende Medium höher und der Ofen muß regelmäßig entrußt werden, um einen optimalen Prozeß zu gewährleisten.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the Heat treatment is carried out under low pressure. A low pressure of 0.01 mbar to 100 mbar. Preferably, the Move the low pressure in a range from 0.1 mbar to 15 mbar. low pressure allows a cheaper metering of the carbon content in the furnace, what prevents sooting of the furnace space. At higher pressures, especially under atmospheric conditions, the proportion of the carbon-emitting medium too high, which is inevitably disadvantageous leads to sooting of the furnace space. So that's the cost of that carbon-emitting medium higher and the furnace must be sooted regularly to ensure an optimal process.
Die Wärmebehandlung selbst kann bei einer Temperatur von 200° C bis 700° C durchgeführt werden. In diesem Temperaturbereich wird eine gute Umsetzung des Kohlenstoffs mit der Oberfläche des Bauteils erreicht. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Temperatur 300° C bis 570° C, besonders bevorzugt von 350° C bis 475° C. Die Dauer der Wärmebehandlung kann dabei über eine Variation der Temperatur und/oder des Drucks geregelt werden. Der Kohlenstoffgehalt selbst kann innerhalb des Behandlungsraums über eine Variation des Drucks geregelt werden. Die Regelung kann notwendig sein, um eine Änderung der Atmosphäre im Behandlungsraum über die Dauer der Behandlung zu erreichen.The heat treatment itself can be carried out at a temperature of 200 ° C to 700 ° C be performed. In this temperature range, a good implementation of the Carbon reached with the surface of the component. The is preferably Temperature 300 ° C to 570 ° C, particularly preferably from 350 ° C to 475 ° C. Die The duration of the heat treatment can vary by varying the temperature and / or the pressure can be regulated. The carbon content itself can be within of the treatment room can be regulated by varying the pressure. The Regulation may be necessary to change the atmosphere in the To reach the treatment room over the duration of the treatment.
Das kohlenstoffabgebende Medium kann gasförmig in den Behandlungsraum eingeleitet werden. Des weiteren ist auch eine flüssige Zufuhr möglich. Als kohlenstoffabgebendes Medium können Kohlenwasserstoffe, insbesondere Acetylen, Kohlenmonoxid oder eine Mischung davon zugeführt werden. Diese Stoffe eigenen sich aufgrund ihrer guten Aufspaltbarkeit als Kohlenstofflieferant. Allerdings sind auch andere Stoffe als kohlenstoffabgebendes Medium denkbar.The carbon-emitting medium can be gaseous in the treatment room be initiated. A liquid feed is also possible. As carbon donating medium may include hydrocarbons, in particular Acetylene, carbon monoxide or a mixture thereof can be supplied. This Fabrics are suitable as a carbon supplier due to their good splittability. However, other substances are also conceivable as a carbon-donating medium.
Aus Eigenschaftsgründen sind keine Forderungen an die Geschwindigkeit des Abkühlens zu stellen. Deshalb sollte eine Kühlung am Ende des Prozesses aus Anlagenverfügbarkeitsgründen so schnell wie möglich durchgeführt werden.For reasons of property, there are no demands on the speed of the Cooling. Therefore cooling should be done at the end of the process Plant availability reasons are carried out as soon as possible.
Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung mit einem beheizbaren Behandlungsraum und einer Vorrichtung zur geregelten Zufuhr des kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums vor. Der Behandlungsraum kann dabei evakuierbar sein. Zur Evakuierung des Behandlungsraums kann dabei eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere eine Vakuumpumpe vorgesehen sein. Des weiteren kann eine Überwachungsvorrichtung für den Kohlenstoffgehalt in der Atmosphäre des Behandlungsraums vorgesehen sein, um eine geregelte Zufuhr des kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums zu erhalten. The invention provides for carrying out the method according to the invention Device with a heatable treatment room and a device for regulated supply of the carbon-emitting medium. The Treatment room can be evacuated. To evacuate the Treatment room can be a device, in particular a Vacuum pump can be provided. Furthermore, one Monitoring device for the carbon content in the atmosphere of the Treatment room can be provided to a controlled supply of to obtain carbon-emitting medium.
Als Behandlungsraum kann ein Ofen vorgesehen sein. Der Ofen kann eine Auskleidung aufweisen. Diese Auskleidung kann aus Metall bestehen. Hiervon sollte abgesehen werden, wenn katalytisch wirkende Oberflächen vorhanden sind. In solchen Fällen sollte die Auskleidung nicht metallisch sein. Vorzugsweise kann die Auskleidung auswechselbar ausgeführt sein, um eventuell auftretende Verrußungen beseitigen zu können.A furnace can be provided as the treatment room. The oven can Have lining. This lining can be made of metal. Of these, should be avoided if there are catalytic surfaces. In such cases, the lining should not be metallic. Preferably can the lining can be designed to be interchangeable to prevent any To be able to eliminate soot.
Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand einer nur eine Figur aufweisende Zeichnung in nicht beschränkender Weise näher erläutert werden.In the following, the invention is intended to be based on a figure having only one figure Drawing to be explained in a non-limiting manner.
Die einzige Figur zeigt in diagrammartiger Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung.The single figure shows a diagram according to the invention Contraption.
In einer Ofenkammer 1 eines Vakuumofens befindet sich ein Bauteil 2, dessen
Oberfläche geschwärzt werden soll. Die zu schwärzenden Oberflächen des
Bauteils 2 sind unbehandelt. Mittels einer Heizeinheit 3 wird in der Ofenkammer 1
eine Temperatur von 450° erzeugt. Gleichzeitig wird mit einer Vakuumpumpe 4 der
Druck in der Ofenkammer 1 auf einen Druck von 5 mbar abgesenkt.In a
Über eine Zuführeinheit 5 wird der Ofenkammer 1 als kohlenstoffabgebendes
Medium Acetylen (C2H2) zugeführt. Das Acetylen wird in der Ofenkammer 1
aufgespalten. Kohlenstoff wird an die Atmosphäre in der Ofenkammer 1
abgegeben. Der Kohlenstoff gelangt mit der Oberfläche des Bauteils 2 in Kontakt
und bewirkt eine Schwärzung.Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) is supplied to the
Über einen Überwachungssensor 6 wird der Kohlenstoffgehalt der Atmosphäre im
Ofenraum 1 überwacht. Über eine Verbindung (nicht dargestellt) mit der
Zuführeinheit 5 steuert der Überwachungssensor 6 die Zufuhr des
kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums, um eine optimale Konzentration einstellen zu
können. Der Kohlenstoffgehalt wird so eingestellt, daß ein Verrußen der
Ofenkammerwände möglichst vermieden wird. Gegen Ende der Behandlungszeit
wird die Zugabe von Acetylen reduziert, um eine optimale Ausnutzung des
Kohlenstoffs zu erreichen. Nach einer Behandlungszeit von zwei Stunden wird die
verbliebene Atmosphäre abgesaugt und in der Ofenkammer wieder
Umgebungsdruck hergestellt. Des weiteren werden der Ofenraum und das Bauteil
2, damit die Vorrichtung für den nächsten Prozeß sofort wieder zur Verfügung
steht, schnellstmöglich abgekühlt, was keine Eigenschaftsänderungen am
geschwärzten Bauteil 2 zur Folge hat. Im Anschluß kann das Bauteil 2 mit
geschwärzter Oberfläche der Ofenkammer 1 entnommen werden. Die auf diese
Weise erzeugte oberflächliche Schwarzfärbung ist festhaftend, was mittels
Abriebtests nachgewiesen wurde. The carbon content of the atmosphere is monitored via a
- 11
- Ofenkammerfurnace chamber
- 22
- Bauteilcomponent
- 33
- Heizeinheitheating unit
- 44
- Vakuumpumpevacuum pump
- 55
- Zuführeinheitfeed
- 66
- Überwachungssensormonitoring sensor
Claims (19)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche innerhalb eines Behandlungsraumes (1) einer Wärmebehandlung bei gleichzeitigem Zuführen eines kohlenstoffabgebenden Mediums unterzogen wird.Process for blackening components,
characterized in that the surface within a treatment room (1) is subjected to a heat treatment with simultaneous supply of a carbon-emitting medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10235131A DE10235131A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2002-08-01 | Method and device for blackening components |
| DE10235131 | 2002-08-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1391525A1 true EP1391525A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=30469300
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03014657A Withdrawn EP1391525A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-06-27 | Process and apparatus for blackening components |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7160576B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1391525A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004068154A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1483854A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10235131A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100641648B1 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2006-11-03 | 주식회사 진성티이씨 | Seal blackening furnace and its method |
| KR101866754B1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-06-18 | 한국생산기술연구원 | Carburizing Method in Low-Pressure Range |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2636273A1 (en) * | 1976-08-12 | 1978-02-16 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE CARBONIZATION OF PARTS IN A VACUUM FURNACE |
| US4472209A (en) * | 1980-10-08 | 1984-09-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Carburizing method |
| EP0818555A1 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1998-01-14 | JH Corporation | Method and equipment for vacuum carburization and products of carburization |
| EP0882811A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-09 | Ipsen International GmbH | Method of carburizing metallic workpieces in a vacuum furnace |
| EP1193413A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2002-04-03 | Nsk Ltd., | Rolling support device and method for manufacturing the same |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3892890A (en) * | 1972-05-12 | 1975-07-01 | Hitachi Ltd | Process for forming carbon coatings |
| US4060660A (en) * | 1976-01-15 | 1977-11-29 | Rca Corporation | Deposition of transparent amorphous carbon films |
| US4049473A (en) * | 1976-03-11 | 1977-09-20 | Airco, Inc. | Methods for carburizing steel parts |
| JPS5713170A (en) * | 1980-06-27 | 1982-01-23 | Oriental Eng Kk | Gas carburizing method |
| DE3301197A1 (en) * | 1983-01-15 | 1984-07-19 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | POLYIMIDE LAMINATES WITH HIGH STRENGTH RESISTANCE |
| GB8310102D0 (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1983-05-18 | Lucas Ind Plc | Corrosion resistant steel components |
| DE3411605C2 (en) * | 1984-03-29 | 1986-07-17 | Joachim Dr.-Ing. 7250 Leonberg Wünning | Process and device for gas carburizing of steel |
| JPH0791566B2 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1995-10-04 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Internal chamber for processing products in sintering furnace |
| JP4451536B2 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2010-04-14 | シチズンホールディングス株式会社 | Decorative member and manufacturing method thereof |
| FR2663953B1 (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1993-07-09 | Aubert & Duval Acieries | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR CEMENTING LOW PRESSURE METAL ALLOY PARTS. |
| JPH0718528A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1995-01-20 | Kanai Hiroyuki | Production of ring for spinning machine |
| DE4333940C1 (en) | 1993-10-06 | 1994-12-08 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Process for treating parts |
| DE4339404A1 (en) | 1993-11-18 | 1995-05-24 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Process for producing uniform oxidation layers on metallic workpieces and device for carrying out the process |
| US5558908A (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-09-24 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Protective compositions and methods of making same |
| JP3064907B2 (en) * | 1995-06-27 | 2000-07-12 | エア・ウォーター株式会社 | Carburizing hardening fasteners and their manufacturing method |
| JP3388510B2 (en) * | 1995-12-28 | 2003-03-24 | 同和鉱業株式会社 | Corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant steel and its manufacturing method |
| US5753317A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-05-19 | Xerox Corporation | Electrically conductive processes |
| WO2000075522A1 (en) * | 1999-06-04 | 2000-12-14 | Nsk Ltd. | Bearing device and method of manufacturing the bearing device |
| JP4092074B2 (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2008-05-28 | Ｄｏｗａホールディングス株式会社 | Vacuum carburizing method for steel materials |
| US7033446B2 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2006-04-25 | Surface Combustion, Inc. | Vacuum carburizing with unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbons |
-
2002
- 2002-08-01 DE DE10235131A patent/DE10235131A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-06-27 EP EP03014657A patent/EP1391525A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-28 JP JP2003280683A patent/JP2004068154A/en active Pending
- 2003-07-30 US US10/632,037 patent/US7160576B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-01 CN CNA031524869A patent/CN1483854A/en active Pending
-
2006
- 2006-01-06 US US11/326,856 patent/US20060150907A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2636273A1 (en) * | 1976-08-12 | 1978-02-16 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE CARBONIZATION OF PARTS IN A VACUUM FURNACE |
| US4472209A (en) * | 1980-10-08 | 1984-09-18 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Carburizing method |
| EP0818555A1 (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1998-01-14 | JH Corporation | Method and equipment for vacuum carburization and products of carburization |
| EP0882811A1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1998-12-09 | Ipsen International GmbH | Method of carburizing metallic workpieces in a vacuum furnace |
| EP1193413A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2002-04-03 | Nsk Ltd., | Rolling support device and method for manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7160576B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 |
| US20040022944A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
| CN1483854A (en) | 2004-03-24 |
| US20060150907A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
| JP2004068154A (en) | 2004-03-04 |
| DE10235131A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE4033706C2 (en) | ||
| WO2010089048A1 (en) | Method for producing a brake disc | |
| DE2658174A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR NITRIFIED MARTENSITIC STEELS | |
| EP0544987A1 (en) | Method of treating steel alloys and refractory metals | |
| EP0882811B2 (en) | Method of carburizing metallic workpieces in a vacuum furnace | |
| DE19736514C1 (en) | Combined oxidation and heat treatment of ferrous metal parts | |
| EP0662525A1 (en) | Process for preventing surface oxidation during steel carburizing | |
| EP2881492B1 (en) | Method for carburising metal deep drawn article or a bent pressed article made of austenitic stainless steel | |
| EP3538676B1 (en) | Method for the heat treatment of a workpiece consisting of a high-alloy steel | |
| EP1391525A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for blackening components | |
| DE19909694A1 (en) | Production of carbonitrided edge layers in a low pressure carburization process comprises enriching the edge layers with nitrogen at the end of the process using molecular nitrogen as donor gas | |
| EP1333105A1 (en) | Process and apparatus for heat treating metallic articles and heat treated article | |
| EP1745158B1 (en) | Method for treating surfaces | |
| EP0545069B1 (en) | Method of treating steel and refractory metals | |
| EP1474541B1 (en) | Method for producing an oxide layer on metallic elements | |
| EP2881493B1 (en) | Process for the nitrocarburization of a deep drawn article or a bent pressed article made of austenitic stainless steel | |
| DE3221388C2 (en) | Process for coating a substrate with hard materials | |
| DE10118029C1 (en) | Process for the thermo-chemical pre-treatment of metallic workpieces, especially case hardening steel is carried out in an atmosphere containing hydrogen and hydrogen-containing gases to which oxygen and air are added | |
| DE2947799A1 (en) | METHOD FOR LOCAL PROTECTION OF IRON AND STEEL PARTS IN HEAT TREATMENTS | |
| DE1521607A1 (en) | Process for the nitration of iron and iron alloys in gaseous nitrogen-releasing media | |
| DE3029339A1 (en) | Glow discharge heat treatment plant - with vacuum furnace and auxiliary electrodes initiating discharge | |
| DE102009052501A1 (en) | Method for nitrocarburizing chromium-containing steel, comprises treating the steel surface with nitrogen-containing gas, where the surface, before the treatment with nitrogen-containing gas, is treated with gaseous hydrocarbon | |
| DD236950A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING HARD SURFACES ON TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MATERIALS | |
| DE1165377B (en) | Process for the production of titanium carbide coatings by gas plating | |
| EP0076488A2 (en) | Process for forming Fe2B layers on articles of ferrous alloys |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040214 |
|
| AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090223 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20090707 |