EP1385778A1 - Drip-free nozzle with a fixed jet direction - Google Patents

Drip-free nozzle with a fixed jet direction

Info

Publication number
EP1385778A1
EP1385778A1 EP02742721A EP02742721A EP1385778A1 EP 1385778 A1 EP1385778 A1 EP 1385778A1 EP 02742721 A EP02742721 A EP 02742721A EP 02742721 A EP02742721 A EP 02742721A EP 1385778 A1 EP1385778 A1 EP 1385778A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
opening
tap
liner
tap according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02742721A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1385778B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Batschied
Kurt Oberhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberhofer Kurt
Oberhofer Timm
Original Assignee
Oberhofer Werkzeugbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oberhofer Werkzeugbau GmbH filed Critical Oberhofer Werkzeugbau GmbH
Publication of EP1385778A1 publication Critical patent/EP1385778A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1385778B1 publication Critical patent/EP1385778B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D3/00—Apparatus or devices for controlling flow of liquids under gravity from storage containers for dispensing purposes
    • B67D3/04—Liquid-dispensing taps or cocks adapted to seal and open tapping holes of casks, e.g. for beer
    • B67D3/045—Liquid-dispensing taps or cocks adapted to seal and open tapping holes of casks, e.g. for beer with a closing element having a linear movement, in a direction parallel to the seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D3/00—Apparatus or devices for controlling flow of liquids under gravity from storage containers for dispensing purposes
    • B67D3/04—Liquid-dispensing taps or cocks adapted to seal and open tapping holes of casks, e.g. for beer
    • B67D3/047—Liquid-dispensing taps or cocks adapted to seal and open tapping holes of casks, e.g. for beer with a closing element having a rotational movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap for withdrawing liquid from a container with a liner insertable into an opening of the container with a seal, which is provided with a passage opening for the liquid, and with a piston axially displaceably guided in the liner, the one opening and one Has outlet opening for the liquid, the piston closes the passage opening of the liner in a locked position retracted into the liner, and wherein in an extended position of the piston from the liner, the inlet opening of the piston is connected to the passage opening of the liner and is actuated by rotary actuators. a flow path through the piston can be released and blocked.
  • Such a tap is known from DE 198 25 929 AI.
  • the tap is designed for turning the piston.
  • the piston extended from the liner can be rotated from the blocking position closing the opening of the bung bush to a release position in which the inlet opening of the piston is connected to the opening of the liner, and vice versa. In the release position, liquid emerges from the outlet opening of the piston, which functions as the removal opening of the tap.
  • the tap of DE 198 25 929 AI is of a mature, well-preserved design in practice.
  • the tap is particularly characterized by a high level of operational reliability and a high degree of ease of use. An inexpensive manufacture and assembly of the tap is ensured by its construction from only two parts.
  • the known tap is mainly used to remove carbonated liquids, in particular drinks, from barrels, small barrels (party barrels) or cans filled under pressure. It is specifically about party kegs for beer. It is felt as a disadvantage of the known tap that it drips when dispensing pressurized liquids containing carbon dioxide.
  • the tap is opened for the first time, the inside of the liner and the cavity of the piston fill with liquid.
  • the tap is closed, a liquid residue remains in the liner and piston downstream of the passage opening of the liner. The carbonic acid contained in the liquid residue relaxes and continues to let liquid escape from the tap. This is the well-known dripping.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tap of the type mentioned which, with the least possible changed construction, practically the same external dimensions, practically the same external appearance and - very importantly - exactly the same operation bar any dripping and of a fixed jet direction.
  • the new tap should be able to take the place of the tap of DE 198 25 929 AI, practically without the user noticing the difference, only that the tap does not drip and is unaffected by the rotary actuation in its beam direction.
  • a rotatably guided shut-off bushing is seated in the piston and has a passage opening and from a blocking position in which it closes the outlet opening of the piston into a release division in which the outlet opening of the piston is included the passage opening is connected, can be rotated and vice versa.
  • the outlet opening of the piston is closed or opened by turning a shut-off bushing located therein. ben.
  • a shut-off bushing located therein.
  • the outlet opening of the piston acts as the discharge opening of the tap. Since it is not the piston that is turned, but the shut-off bushing, the jet direction of the tap remains unchanged when the valve is turned.
  • the piston in the liner is only axially adjustable. There is therefore no provision for the piston to be rotated. This makes it possible to simplify the construction of the piston.
  • the rotary adjustment of the shut-off bush is decoupled from the axial adjustment of the piston in the tap according to the invention.
  • the user can thus independently pull the piston out of the liner and turn the shut-off bush in the piston. Incorrect operation cannot occur since liquid only escapes from the tap when the piston has been pulled out of the liner sufficiently and the shut-off sleeve has been turned sufficiently in the piston.
  • the tap according to the invention is in three parts and therefore somewhat more complex to manufacture and assemble than the two-part tap of DE 198 25 929 AI.
  • the associated somewhat higher production costs are more than compensated for by the advantage of not dripping and being of a fixed beam direction.
  • the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the piston lie on its underside in a common radial plane. This structure is made possible by the purely axial adjustment of the piston in the liner. You get one structural simplification of the piston and a jet direction exactly downwards.
  • the piston is stop-limited in its extension movement from the barrel.
  • shut-off sleeve is stop-limited in its rotary movement in the piston on both sides.
  • a shield is provided on the outer end face of the shut-off bushing, from which a handle is divided.
  • the handle bar is provided with an elastic covering. This significantly increases the ease of use of the tap and its perceived value for the user.
  • the covering of the handle bar is structured on the surface to improve its grip, in particular provided with ribs or webs. This increases the ease of use of the tap.
  • the covering is molded onto the handlebar using two-component injection molding technology. This is preferred for cost reasons.
  • the handle bar has a connection to the liner at at least one predetermined breaking point.
  • the connection consists of the elastic material of the covering. This also serves for ease of use.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are perspective views of a tap;
  • Fig. 4 is a first side view of the tap;
  • 5 shows a section through the tap according to A - A of FIG. 4.
  • 6 shows a second, enlarged side view of the tap;
  • FIG. 7 shows a section through the tap according to BB from FIG. 6.
  • the tap is in three parts. It consists of a liner 10, a piston 12 and a shut-off book 14.
  • the bushing 10 has a circular cylindrical cup body 16, the bottom 18 of which is closed at its inner end. At the outer end of the bushing 10, a conically expanding sheet of elastic material is formed, which has a flange-like outer contact section 20, a circumferential sealing section 22 which recesses behind it and a circumferential conical latching section 24 located in front of the sealing section 22, the diameter of which is larger than that the sealing section 22.
  • the tap according to the invention is pressed into the round opening of a container to be emptied, which contains a liquid, as a completely preassembled unit consisting of liner 10, piston 12 and shut-off bush 14. It is a pressureless or pressurized liquid that can contain carbonic acid. In particular, it is about tapping drinks, especially beer, from barrels, small barrels (party barrels) or cans.
  • the tap is pressed into the round opening of the respective container with the cup body 16 and the conical latching portion 24 of the bushing 10 first.
  • the circumferential sealing section 22 receives the edge of the opening under sealing, so that it comes to lie between the flange-like contact section 20 and the latching section 24 of the bushing 10, with which the latter engages at the edge of the opening.
  • the conical locking portion 24 of the bushing 10 is provided with a flattening 26. Furthermore, ribs 28 are used on the outer casing of the cup body 16 for alignment and to prevent rotation.
  • the piston 12 is accommodated in the liner 10 in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner.
  • the piston 12 has a circular cylindrical cup body. per 30, the bottom 31 of which is closed at its inner end.
  • the outer end of the piston 12 is open.
  • An axial blind groove 32 on the jacket of the piston 12 serves to prevent the piston 12 from rotating.
  • the blind groove 32 does not extend to the inner end of the piston 12, the jacket of which is fully cylindrical here.
  • the blind groove 32 is tapped with a cam 33 which is molded onto the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10.
  • the cam 33 is elastically deformed by the fully cylindrical end of the piston 12 until it jumps into the blind groove 32 and engages there.
  • the axial extension length of the piston 12 from the sleeve 10 is limited by the stop of the cam 33 on the groove base of the blind groove 32.
  • the cup body 16 of the liner 10 is provided with a passage opening 34 for the liquid just behind the conical locking section 24.
  • the passage opening 34 is located on the underside of the liner 10 which is appropriately aligned in the opening of the container.
  • the cup body 30 of the piston 12 has an inlet opening 36 at its inner end and an outlet opening 38 for the liquid at its outer end.
  • the openings 36, 38 are located on the underside of the piston 12 axially guided in the bushing 10. They lie in a common radial plane.
  • the piston 12 retracted into the bushing 10 seals the passage opening 34 of the bushing 10.
  • An elastic insert on the jacket of the piston 12 is used for sealing, which is molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology.
  • shut-off bush 14 sits in the open outer end of the piston 12 so that it covers its outlet opening 38.
  • the shut-off bush 14 has a cylinder cup body 40 with a flange-like shield 42 on the outer bottom.
  • the shut-off bush 14 is seated with the cylinder cup body 40 in an axially fixed manner and can be rotated in a limited manner in the outer end of the piston 12. It is sealed against the piston 12 by an annular bead 41 formed on the cylinder cup body 40.
  • a blind groove extending in the circumferential direction is used on the outer jacket of the cylinder cup body 40, which is picked up by a cam formed on the piston 12.
  • a circumferential groove can also be provided on the inner surface of the piston 12 and a cam on the shut-off bushing 14 in order to achieve their axial fixation and angularly limited rotatability.
  • the shut-off bush 14 has a locking position in the piston 12 in which it tightly closes the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12.
  • An elastic insert on the outer jacket of the shut-off bushing 14 serves for sealing, which is molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology.
  • the cylinder cup body 40 of the shut-off bush 14 is provided with a passage opening 44 for the liquid, which can be connected to the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12 by turning the shut-off bush 14.
  • the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12 and the passage opening 44 of the shut-off bush 14 fully coincide with one another.
  • the flange-like shield 42 of the shut-off bushing 14 comes into flush contact with the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10 on the outside.
  • a seal 46 is formed on the contact part 20, which protrudes through an opening 48 in the shield 42 and tears off when the piston 12 is pulled out for the first time. This ensures protection of originality.
  • a handle 50 is divided from the shield 42 and is used for the axial actuation of the piston 12 and for the rotary actuation of the shut-off bush 14.
  • the handle bar 50 can be bent up by the shield 42. Its articulation points are designed to discolour the first time you bend it up. This serves to protect the originality.
  • the handle bar 50 is provided with an elastic covering molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology. Its surface can be structured in a way that improves its grip, in particular provided with ribs or webs.
  • the handle bar 50 has a connection to the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10 at several predetermined breaking points.
  • the connection consists of the elastic material of the covering. This serves ease of use and protection of originality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The tap has a tap bushing (10) with a passage opening (34) for the liquid to be discharged. A piston (12) is guided so as to move axially within the tap bushing (10) and has an entry opening (36) and an exit opening (38) for the liquid. The piston (12) closes off the passage opening (34) in a locked position when it is moved in. The entry opening (36) of the piston (12) is in connection with the passage opening (34) in an extended position of the piston (12). A locking bushing (14) that is guided to rotate on the piston (12) is seated in the piston (12), which locking bushing (14) optionally closes off the exit opening (38) or brings it into connection with a passage opening (44) of the locking bushing (14).

Description

Nachtropffreier Zapfhahn mit fester StrahlrichtungNon-drip tap with fixed spray direction
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zapfhahn zur Entnahme von Flüssigkeit aus einem Behalter mit einer unter Abdichtung in eine Öffnung des Behalters einsetzbaren Laufbuchse, die mit einer Durchtrittsoffnung für die Flüssigkeit versehen ist, und mit einem in der Laufbuchse axial verschieblich geführten Kolben, der eine Eintπttsoffnung und eine Aus- trittsoffnung für die Flüssigkeit hat, wobei der Kolben in einer in die Laufbuchse eingefahrenen Sperrstellung die Durchtrittsoffnung der Laufbuchse verschließt, und wobei in einer Ausfahrstellung des Kolbens aus der Laufbuchse die Eintrittsoffnung des Kolbens mit der Durchtrittsoffnung der Laufbuchse in Verbindung steht und durch Drehbetati- gung ein Stromungsweg durch den Kolben freigegeben und abgesperrt werden kann.The invention relates to a tap for withdrawing liquid from a container with a liner insertable into an opening of the container with a seal, which is provided with a passage opening for the liquid, and with a piston axially displaceably guided in the liner, the one opening and one Has outlet opening for the liquid, the piston closes the passage opening of the liner in a locked position retracted into the liner, and wherein in an extended position of the piston from the liner, the inlet opening of the piston is connected to the passage opening of the liner and is actuated by rotary actuators. a flow path through the piston can be released and blocked.
Ein solcher Zapfhahn ist aus der DE 198 25 929 AI bekannt. Der Zapfhahn ist auf eine Drehbetatigung des Kolbens ausgelegt. Der aus der Laufbuchse ausgefahrene Kolben laßt sich aus der die Durchtrittsoff- nung der Spundbuchse verschließenden Sperrstellung in eine Freigabe- Stellung, in der die Eintrittsoffnung des Kolbens mit der Durchtrittsoffnung der Laufbuchse in Verbindung steht, verdrehen und umgekehrt. In der Freigabestellung tritt Flüssigkeit aus der Austrittsoff- nung des Kolbens aus, die als Entnahmeoffnung des Zapfhahns fungiert.Such a tap is known from DE 198 25 929 AI. The tap is designed for turning the piston. The piston extended from the liner can be rotated from the blocking position closing the opening of the bung bush to a release position in which the inlet opening of the piston is connected to the opening of the liner, and vice versa. In the release position, liquid emerges from the outlet opening of the piston, which functions as the removal opening of the tap.
Der Zapfhahn der DE 198 25 929 AI ist von ausgereifter, in der Praxis bestens bewahrter Konstruktion. Der Zapfhahn zeichnet sich insbesondere durch eine hohe Betriebssicherheit und ein hohes Maß an Bedienungskomfort aus. Eine kostengünstige Herstellung und Montage des Zapfhahns ist durch seinen Aufbau aus nur zwei Teilen gewahrleistet.The tap of DE 198 25 929 AI is of a mature, well-preserved design in practice. The tap is particularly characterized by a high level of operational reliability and a high degree of ease of use. An inexpensive manufacture and assembly of the tap is ensured by its construction from only two parts.
Der bekannte Zapfhahn kommt hauptsächlich zum Einsatz, um unter Druck abgefüllte kohlensaurehaltige Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere Getränke, aus Fassern, Kleinfassern (Partyfassern) oder Dosen zu entnehmen. Speziell geht es um Partyfasser für Bier. Als Nachteil des bekannten Zapfhahns wird empfunden, daß er bei der Abgabe von unter Druck abgefüllten kohlensaurehaltigen Flüssigkeiten nachtropft. Beim ersten Offnen des Hahns füllt sich das Innere der Laufbuchse und der Hohlraum des Kolbens mit Flüssigkeit. Beim Schlies- sen des Hahns bleibt stromab von der Durchtrittsoffnung der Laufbuchse ein Flussigkeitsrest in Laufbuchse und Kolben stehen. Die in dem Flus- sigkeitsrest enthaltene Kohlensaure entspannt sich und laßt weiter Flüssigkeit aus dem Hahn austreten. Das ist das bekannte Nachtropfen.The known tap is mainly used to remove carbonated liquids, in particular drinks, from barrels, small barrels (party barrels) or cans filled under pressure. It is specifically about party kegs for beer. It is felt as a disadvantage of the known tap that it drips when dispensing pressurized liquids containing carbon dioxide. When the tap is opened for the first time, the inside of the liner and the cavity of the piston fill with liquid. When the tap is closed, a liquid residue remains in the liner and piston downstream of the passage opening of the liner. The carbonic acid contained in the liquid residue relaxes and continues to let liquid escape from the tap. This is the well-known dripping.
Es versteht sich, daß das Nachtropfen unerwünscht ist, da dadurch Flecken entstehen und Hygieneprobleme auftreten können.It goes without saying that dripping is undesirable since stains can arise and hygiene problems can occur.
Ein weiterer Nachteil des bekannten Zapfhahns ist, daß sich bei der Drehbetatigung des Kolbens die Strahlrichtung der abgegebenen Flüssigkeit ändert. Die Änderung ist wohlgemerkt nicht groß, kann aber das Befullen kleiner und schlanker Gefäße erschweren.Another disadvantage of the known tap is that the jet direction of the dispensed liquid changes when the piston is actuated. The change is not big, of course, but it can make filling smaller and slimmer vessels more difficult.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Zapfhahn der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der bei möglichst wenig geänderter Konstruktion, praktisch gleichen äußeren Abmessungen, praktisch gleichem äußeren Erscheinungsbild und - sehr wichtig - genau gleicher Bedienung bar jedweden Nachtropfens und von fester Strahlrichtung ist. Der neue Zapfhahn soll an die Stelle des Zapfhahns der DE 198 25 929 AI treten können, praktisch ohne daß der Benutzer den Unterschied merkt, nur daß der Hahn eben nicht nachtropft und durch die Drehbetatigung in seiner Strahlrichtung unbeeinflußt ist.The object of the invention is to provide a tap of the type mentioned which, with the least possible changed construction, practically the same external dimensions, practically the same external appearance and - very importantly - exactly the same operation bar any dripping and of a fixed jet direction. The new tap should be able to take the place of the tap of DE 198 25 929 AI, practically without the user noticing the difference, only that the tap does not drip and is unaffected by the rotary actuation in its beam direction.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem derartigen Zapfhahn dadurch gelost, daß in dem Kolben eine drehbar daran geführte Absperrbuchse sitzt, die eine Durchlaßoffnung hat und aus einer Sperrstellung, in der sie die Austrittsoffnung des Kolbens verschließt, in eine Freigabesteilung, in der die Austrittsoffnung des Kolbens mit der Durchlaßoffnung in Verbindung steht, verdreht werden kann und umgekehrt.This object is achieved with such a tap in that a rotatably guided shut-off bushing is seated in the piston and has a passage opening and from a blocking position in which it closes the outlet opening of the piston into a release division in which the outlet opening of the piston is included the passage opening is connected, can be rotated and vice versa.
Erfindungsgemaß wird die Austrittsoffnung des Kolbens durch Drehbetatigung einer darin sitzenden Absperrbuchse verschlossen bzw. freigege- ben. In der Sperrstellung der Absperrbuchse kann in dem Hahn befindliche Flüssigkeit nicht austreten, d. h. der Hahn nicht nachtropfen.According to the invention, the outlet opening of the piston is closed or opened by turning a shut-off bushing located therein. ben. When the shut-off valve is in the locked position, any liquid in the tap cannot escape, ie the tap cannot drip.
Die Austrittsoffnung des Kolbens fungiert als Entnahmeöffnung des Zapfhahns. Da nicht der Kolben, sondern die Absperrbuchse darin gedreht wird, bleibt bei der Drehbetatigung die Strahlrichtung des Zapfhahns unverändert.The outlet opening of the piston acts as the discharge opening of the tap. Since it is not the piston that is turned, but the shut-off bushing, the jet direction of the tap remains unchanged when the valve is turned.
Bei dem erfindungsgemaßen Zapfhahn ist der Kolben in der Laufbuchse einzig und allein axial verstellbar. Es ist also keine Drehverstellung des Kolbens vorgesehen. Das ermöglicht es, den Aufbau des Kolbens zu vereinfachen.In the tap according to the invention, the piston in the liner is only axially adjustable. There is therefore no provision for the piston to be rotated. This makes it possible to simplify the construction of the piston.
Die Drehverstellung der Absperrbuchse ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Zapfhahn von der Axialverstellung des Kolbens entkoppelt. Der Benutzer kann also unabhängig voneinander den Kolben aus der Laufbuchse herausziehen und die Absperrbuchse in dem Kolben drehen. Zu Fehlbedienungen kann es dabei nicht kommen, da nur dann Flüssigkeit aus dem Zapfhahn austritt, wenn der Kolben ausreichend weit aus der Laufbuchse herausgezogen und die Absperrbuchse ausreichend weit in dem Kolben gedreht ist .The rotary adjustment of the shut-off bush is decoupled from the axial adjustment of the piston in the tap according to the invention. The user can thus independently pull the piston out of the liner and turn the shut-off bush in the piston. Incorrect operation cannot occur since liquid only escapes from the tap when the piston has been pulled out of the liner sufficiently and the shut-off sleeve has been turned sufficiently in the piston.
Der erfindungsgemaße Zapfhahn ist dreiteilig und dadurch in Herstellung und Montage etwas aufwendiger, als der zweiteilige Zapfhahn der DE 198 25 929 AI. Die damit einhergehenden etwas höheren Gestehungskosten werden durch den Vorteil, nicht nachzutropfen und von fester Strahlrichtung zu sein, mehr als wettgemacht.The tap according to the invention is in three parts and therefore somewhat more complex to manufacture and assemble than the two-part tap of DE 198 25 929 AI. The associated somewhat higher production costs are more than compensated for by the advantage of not dripping and being of a fixed beam direction.
Verglichen mit dem Zapfhahn der DE 198 25 929 AI, ergeben sich bei dem erfindungsgemaßen Zapfhahn keine erhöhten Anforderungen an den Origi- nalitatsschutz .Compared to the tap of DE 198 25 929 AI, there are no increased demands on the protection of originality in the tap according to the invention.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform liegen die Eintrittsoffnung und die Austrittsoffnung des Kolbens an dessen Unterseite in einer gemeinsamen Radialebene. Dieser Aufbau wird durch die rein axiale Verstellung des Kolbens in der Laufbuchse ermöglicht. Man erreicht so eine bauliche Vereinfachung des Kolbens und eine Strahlrichtung exakt nach unten.In a preferred embodiment, the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the piston lie on its underside in a common radial plane. This structure is made possible by the purely axial adjustment of the piston in the liner. You get one structural simplification of the piston and a jet direction exactly downwards.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist der Kolben in seiner Ausfahrbewegung aus der Lauf uchse anschlagbegrenzt.In a preferred embodiment, the piston is stop-limited in its extension movement from the barrel.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist die Absperrbuchse in ihrer Drehbewegung in dem Kolben zu beiden Seiten hin anschlagbegrenzt.In a preferred embodiment, the shut-off sleeve is stop-limited in its rotary movement in the piston on both sides.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist an der äußeren Stirnseite der Absperrbuchse ein Schild vorgesehen, von dem ein Griffbugel abgeteilt ist.In a preferred embodiment, a shield is provided on the outer end face of the shut-off bushing, from which a handle is divided.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist der Griffbugel mit einem elastischen Belag versehen. Dadurch wird der Bedienungskomfort des Zapfhahns und seine Wertigkeitsanmutung für den Benutzer wesentlich erhöht .In a preferred embodiment, the handle bar is provided with an elastic covering. This significantly increases the ease of use of the tap and its perceived value for the user.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist der Belag des Griffbugels an der Oberflache in seine Griffigkeit verbessernder Weise strukturiert, insbesondere mit Rippen oder Stegen versehen. Dadurch wird der Bedienungskomfort des Zapfhahns erhöht.In a preferred embodiment, the covering of the handle bar is structured on the surface to improve its grip, in particular provided with ribs or webs. This increases the ease of use of the tap.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist der Belag in Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgußtechnik an den Griffbugel angeformt. Das ist aus Kostengrunden bevorzugt.In a preferred embodiment, the covering is molded onto the handlebar using two-component injection molding technology. This is preferred for cost reasons.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform hat der Griffbugel an wenigstens einer Sollbruchstelle Anbindung an die Laufbuchse. Die Anbindung besteht aus dem elastischen Material des Belags. Auch das dient dem Bedienungskomfort .In a preferred embodiment, the handle bar has a connection to the liner at at least one predetermined breaking point. The connection consists of the elastic material of the covering. This also serves for ease of use.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausfuhrungsbeispiels naher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 bis Fig. 3 perspektivische Ansichten eines Zapfhahns; Fig. 4 eine erste Seitenansicht des Zapfhahns; Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch den Zapfhahn nach A - A von Fig. 4; Fig. 6 eine zweite, vergrößerte Seitenansicht des Zapfhahns; und Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch den Zapfhahn nach B - B von Fig. 6.1 to 3 are perspective views of a tap; Fig. 4 is a first side view of the tap; 5 shows a section through the tap according to A - A of FIG. 4. 6 shows a second, enlarged side view of the tap; and FIG. 7 shows a section through the tap according to BB from FIG. 6.
Der Zapfhahn ist dreiteilig. Er besteht aus einer Laufbuchse 10, einem Kolben 12 und einer Absperrbuches 14.The tap is in three parts. It consists of a liner 10, a piston 12 and a shut-off book 14.
Die Laufbuchse 10 hat einen kreiszylinderischen Becherkorper 16, dessen Boden 18 an ihrem inneren Ende geschlossen ist. Am äußeren Ende der Laufbuchse 10 ist ein sich konisch erweiternder Spund aus elastischem Material angeformt, der eine flanschartige äußere Anlagepartie 20, eine dahinter zurückspringende umlaufende Dichtpartie 22 und eine vor der Dichtpartie 22 befindliche, umlaufende konische Rastpartie 24 hat, deren Durchmesser großer ist als der der Dichtpartie 22.The bushing 10 has a circular cylindrical cup body 16, the bottom 18 of which is closed at its inner end. At the outer end of the bushing 10, a conically expanding sheet of elastic material is formed, which has a flange-like outer contact section 20, a circumferential sealing section 22 which recesses behind it and a circumferential conical latching section 24 located in front of the sealing section 22, the diameter of which is larger than that the sealing section 22.
Der erfindungsgemaße Zapfhahn wird als komplett vormontierte Einheit bestehend aus Laufbuchse 10, Kolben 12 und Absperrbuchse 14 in die runde Öffnung eines zu entleerenden Behalters eingedruckt, der eine Flüssigkeit enthalt. Es handelt sich dabei um eine drucklos oder unter Druck abgefüllte Flüssigkeit, die Kohlensaure enthalten kann. Speziell geht es um das Zapfen von Getranken, insbesondere Bier, aus Fassern, Kleinfassern (Partyfassern) oder Dosen. Der Zapfhahn wird mit dem Becherkorper 16 und der konischen Rastpartie 24 der Laufbuchse 10 voran in die runde Öffnung des jeweiligen Gebindes eingedruckt. Die umlaufende Dichtpartie 22 nimmt den Rand der Öffnung unter Abdichtung auf, so daß er zwischen der flanschartigen Anlagepartie 20 und der Rastpartie 24 der Laufbuchse 10 zu liegen kommt, mit der letztere am Rand der Öffnung einrastet.The tap according to the invention is pressed into the round opening of a container to be emptied, which contains a liquid, as a completely preassembled unit consisting of liner 10, piston 12 and shut-off bush 14. It is a pressureless or pressurized liquid that can contain carbonic acid. In particular, it is about tapping drinks, especially beer, from barrels, small barrels (party barrels) or cans. The tap is pressed into the round opening of the respective container with the cup body 16 and the conical latching portion 24 of the bushing 10 first. The circumferential sealing section 22 receives the edge of the opening under sealing, so that it comes to lie between the flange-like contact section 20 and the latching section 24 of the bushing 10, with which the latter engages at the edge of the opening.
Zur Ausrichtung der Laufbuchse 10 in der Öffnung des Gebindes und zur Verdrehsicherung ist die konische Rastpartie 24 der Laufbuchse 10 mit einer Abplattung 26 versehen. Desweiteren sind am Außenmantel des Be- cherkorpers 16 zur Ausrichtung und Verdrehsicherung dienende Rippen 28 angeformt.To align the bushing 10 in the opening of the container and to prevent rotation, the conical locking portion 24 of the bushing 10 is provided with a flattening 26. Furthermore, ribs 28 are used on the outer casing of the cup body 16 for alignment and to prevent rotation.
In der Laufbuchse 10 ist drehfest und axial verschieblich der Kolben 12 aufgenommen. Der Kolben 12 hat einen kreiszylindrischen Becherkor- per 30, dessen Boden 31 an seinem inneren Ende geschlossen ist. Das äußere Ende des Kolbens 12 ist offen.The piston 12 is accommodated in the liner 10 in a rotationally fixed and axially displaceable manner. The piston 12 has a circular cylindrical cup body. per 30, the bottom 31 of which is closed at its inner end. The outer end of the piston 12 is open.
Zur Verdrehsicherung des Kolbens 12 in der Laufbuchse 10 dient eine axiale Sacknut 32 am Mantel des Kolbens 12. Die Sacknut 32 reicht nicht an das innere Ende des Kolbens 12 heran, dessen Mantel hier vollzylindrisch ist.An axial blind groove 32 on the jacket of the piston 12 serves to prevent the piston 12 from rotating. The blind groove 32 does not extend to the inner end of the piston 12, the jacket of which is fully cylindrical here.
Die Sacknut 32 wird mit einem Nocken 33 abgegriffen, der an die flanschartige Anlagepartie 20 der Laufbuchse 10 angeformt ist. Beim Einsetzen des Kolbens 12 in die Laufbuchse 10 wird der Nocken 33 von dem vollzylindrischen Ende des Kolbens 12 elastisch verformt, bis er in die Sacknut 32 springt und dort einrastet. Dadurch ist der Kolben 12 in der Laufbuchse 10 verdrehgesichert. Die axiale Ausfahrlange des Kolbens 12 aus der Laufbuchse 10 ist durch den Anschlag des Nockens 33 am Nutgrund der Sacknut 32 begrenzt.The blind groove 32 is tapped with a cam 33 which is molded onto the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10. When the piston 12 is inserted into the liner 10, the cam 33 is elastically deformed by the fully cylindrical end of the piston 12 until it jumps into the blind groove 32 and engages there. As a result, the piston 12 is secured against rotation in the liner 10. The axial extension length of the piston 12 from the sleeve 10 is limited by the stop of the cam 33 on the groove base of the blind groove 32.
Der Becherkorper 16 der Laufbuchse 10 ist dicht hinter der konischen Rastpartie 24 mit einer Durchtrittsoffnung 34 für die Flüssigkeit versehen. Die Durchtrittsoffnung 34 befindet sich an der Unterseite der in der Öffnung des Gebindes entsprechend ausgerichteten Laufbuchse 10.The cup body 16 of the liner 10 is provided with a passage opening 34 for the liquid just behind the conical locking section 24. The passage opening 34 is located on the underside of the liner 10 which is appropriately aligned in the opening of the container.
Der Becherkorper 30 des Kolbens 12 weist an seinem inneren Ende eine Eintrittsoffnung 36 und an seinem äußerem Ende eine Austrittsoffnung 38 für die Flüssigkeit auf. Die Offnungen 36, 38 befinden sich an der Unterseite des in der Laufbuchse 10 axial geführten Kolbens 12. Sie liegen in einer gemeinsamen Radialebene.The cup body 30 of the piston 12 has an inlet opening 36 at its inner end and an outlet opening 38 for the liquid at its outer end. The openings 36, 38 are located on the underside of the piston 12 axially guided in the bushing 10. They lie in a common radial plane.
Der in die Laufbuchse 10 eingefahrene Kolben 12 verschließt abdichtend die Durchtrittsoffnung 34 der Laufbuchse 10. Zur Abdichtung dient eine elastische Einlage am Mantel des Kolbens 12, die in Zwei-Komponenten- Spπtzgußtechnik daran angeformt ist.The piston 12 retracted into the bushing 10 seals the passage opening 34 of the bushing 10. An elastic insert on the jacket of the piston 12 is used for sealing, which is molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology.
Beim Ausfahren des Kolbens 12 wird eine Verbindung zwischen der Durchtrittsoffnung 34 der Laufbuchse 10 und der Eintrittsoffnung 36 des Kolbens 12 hergestellt. In der maximalen Ausfahrstellung des Kolbens 12 kommen die Offnungen 34, 36 miteinander voll zur Deckung. Die Absperrbuchse 14 sitzt in dem offenen äußeren Ende des Kolbens 12, so daß sie dessen Austrittsoffnung 38 überdeckt. Die Absperrbuchse 14 hat einen Zylinderbecherkorper 40 mit einem flanschartigen Schild 42 am äußeren Boden.When the piston 12 extends, a connection is established between the passage opening 34 of the bushing 10 and the inlet opening 36 of the piston 12. In the maximum extended position of the piston 12, the openings 34, 36 coincide fully with one another. The shut-off bush 14 sits in the open outer end of the piston 12 so that it covers its outlet opening 38. The shut-off bush 14 has a cylinder cup body 40 with a flange-like shield 42 on the outer bottom.
Die Absperrbuchse 14 sitzt mit dem Zylinderbecherkorper 40 axial fest und anschlagbegrenzt drehbar in dem äußeren Ende des Kolbens 12. Sie ist mit einem an den Zylinderbecherkorper 40 angeformten Ringwulst 41 gegen den Kolben 12 abgedichtet. Zur axialen Sicherung und Winkelbegrenzung der Drehverstellung dient eine m Umfangsrichtung sich erstreckende Sacknut auf dem Außenmantel des Zylmderbecherkorpers 40, die von einem an den Kolben 12 angeformten Nocken abgegriffen wird. Beim Einstecken der Absperrbuchse 14 in den Kolben 12 wird der Nocken elastisch deformiert, bis er in die Sacknut springt und dort einrastet. Dadurch ist die Absperrbuchse 14 in dem Kolben 12 axial fixiert. Der Drehwinkel der Absperrbuchse 14 ist zu beiden Seiten hin durch den Anschlag des Nockens an den Enden der Sacknut begrenzt.The shut-off bush 14 is seated with the cylinder cup body 40 in an axially fixed manner and can be rotated in a limited manner in the outer end of the piston 12. It is sealed against the piston 12 by an annular bead 41 formed on the cylinder cup body 40. For axial securing and angular limitation of the rotary adjustment, a blind groove extending in the circumferential direction is used on the outer jacket of the cylinder cup body 40, which is picked up by a cam formed on the piston 12. When the shut-off bush 14 is inserted into the piston 12, the cam is elastically deformed until it jumps into the pocket groove and engages there. As a result, the shut-off bush 14 is axially fixed in the piston 12. The angle of rotation of the shut-off bush 14 is limited on both sides by the stop of the cam at the ends of the blind groove.
Es versteht sich, daß genauso eine Umfangsnut auf dem Innenmantel des Kolbens 12 und ein Nocken an der Absperrbuchse 14 vorgesehen sein können, um deren axiale Fixierung und winkelbegrenzte Drehversteilbarkeit zu erreichen.It goes without saying that a circumferential groove can also be provided on the inner surface of the piston 12 and a cam on the shut-off bushing 14 in order to achieve their axial fixation and angularly limited rotatability.
Die Absperrbuchse 14 hat in dem Kolben 12 eine Sperrstellung, in der sie die Austrittsoffnung 38 des Kolbens 12 dicht verschließt. Zur Abdichtung dient eine elastische Einlage am Außenmantel der Absperrbuchse 14, die in Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgußtechnik daran angeformt ist.The shut-off bush 14 has a locking position in the piston 12 in which it tightly closes the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12. An elastic insert on the outer jacket of the shut-off bushing 14 serves for sealing, which is molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology.
Der Zylinderbecherkorper 40 der Absperrbuchse 14 ist mit einer Durch- laßoffnung 44 für die Flüssigkeit versehen, die sich durch Drehen der Absperrbuchse 14 mit der Austrittsoffnung 38 des Kolbens 12 in Verbindung bringen laßt. In der anschlagbegrenzt weitestmoglichen Offenstellung der Absperrbuchse 14 kommen die Austrittsoffnung 38 des Kolbens 12 und die Durchlaßoffnung 44 der Absperrbuchse 14 miteinander voll zur Deckung. Bei ganz in die Laufbuchse 10 eingefahrenem Kolben 12 kommt der flanschartige Schild 42 der Absperrbuchse 14 mit der flanschartigen Anlagepartie 20 der Laufbuchse 10 außen in bundige Anlage. An die Anlagepartie 20 ist eine Plombe 46 angeformt, die durch eine Öffnung 48 in dem Schild 42 hindurchragt und beim erstmaligen Herausziehen des Kolbens 12 abreißt. Dadurch ist ein Originalitatsschutz gegeben.The cylinder cup body 40 of the shut-off bush 14 is provided with a passage opening 44 for the liquid, which can be connected to the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12 by turning the shut-off bush 14. In the stop-limited open position of the shut-off bush 14 as far as possible, the outlet opening 38 of the piston 12 and the passage opening 44 of the shut-off bush 14 fully coincide with one another. With the piston 12 fully retracted into the bushing 10, the flange-like shield 42 of the shut-off bushing 14 comes into flush contact with the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10 on the outside. A seal 46 is formed on the contact part 20, which protrudes through an opening 48 in the shield 42 and tears off when the piston 12 is pulled out for the first time. This ensures protection of originality.
Von dem Schild 42 ist ein Griffbugel 50 abgeteilt, der zur axialen Betätigung des Kolbens 12 und zur Drehbetatigung der Absperrbuchse 14 dient. Der Griffbugel 50 laßt sich von dem Schild 42 hochbiegen. Seine Anlenkstellen sind darauf ausgelegt, sich beim erstmaligen Hochbiegen zu verfärben. Das dient dem Originalitatsschutz.A handle 50 is divided from the shield 42 and is used for the axial actuation of the piston 12 and for the rotary actuation of the shut-off bush 14. The handle bar 50 can be bent up by the shield 42. Its articulation points are designed to discolour the first time you bend it up. This serves to protect the originality.
Der Griffbugel 50 ist mit einem in Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgußtechnik daran angeformten elastischen Belag versehen. Dessen Oberflache kann in einer seine Griffigkeit verbessernden Weise strukturiert, insbesondere mit Rippen oder Stegen versehen sein.The handle bar 50 is provided with an elastic covering molded onto it in two-component injection molding technology. Its surface can be structured in a way that improves its grip, in particular provided with ribs or webs.
Der Griffbugel 50 hat an mehreren Sollbruchstellen Anbindung an die flanschartige Anlagepartie 20 der Laufbuchse 10. Die Anbindung besteht aus dem elastischen Material des Belags. Das dient dem Bedienungskomfort und Originalitatsschutz. The handle bar 50 has a connection to the flange-like contact part 20 of the bushing 10 at several predetermined breaking points. The connection consists of the elastic material of the covering. This serves ease of use and protection of originality.
Liste der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers
Laufbuchse Kolben Absperrbuchse Becherkorper Boden Anlagepartie Dichtpartie Rastpartie Abplattung Rippe Becherkorper Boden Sacknut Nocken Durchtrittsoffnung Eintrittsoffnung Austrittsoffnung Zylinderbecherkorper Ringwulst Schild Durchlaßoffnung Plombe Öffnung Griffbugel Liner Piston Shut-off Cup Cup Body Bottom Section Sealing Section Rest Area Flattening Rib Cup Body Bottom Sacknut Cam Passage Opening Entry Opening Exit Opening Cylinder Cup Body Ring Bead Shield Passage Opening Seal Opening Handle Grip

Claims

AnsprücheExpectations
Zapfhahn zur Entnahme von Flüssigkeit aus einem Behalter mit einer unter Abdichtung in eine Öffnung des Behälters einsetzbaren Laufbuchse, die mit einer Durchtrittsoffnung für die Flüssigkeit versehen ist, und mit einem in der Laufbuchse axial verschieblich geführten Kolben, der eine Eintrittsoffnung und eine Austrittsoffnung für die Flüssigkeit hat, wobei der Kolben in einer in die Laufbuchse eingefahrenen Sperrstellung die Durchtrittsoff- nung der Laufbuchse verschließt, und wobei in einer Ausfahrstellung des Kolbens aus der Laufbuchse die Eintrittsoffnung des Kolbens mit der Durchtrittsoffnung der Laufbuchse in Verbindung steht und durch Drehbetatigung ein Stromungsweg durch den Kolben freigebbar und absperrbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Kolben (12) eine drehbar daran geführte Absperrbuchse (14) sitzt, die eine Durchlaßoffnung (44) hat und aus einer Sperrstellung, in der sie die Austrittsoffnung (38) des Kolbens (12) verschließt, in eine Freigabestellung, in der die Austrittsoffnung (38) des Kolbens (12) mit der Durchlaßoffnung (44) in Verbindung steht, verdrehbar ist und umgekehrt.Tap for removing liquid from a container with a bushing which can be inserted into an opening of the container with a seal and which is provided with a passage opening for the liquid, and with a piston which is axially displaceably guided in the bushing and which has an inlet opening and an outlet opening for the liquid the piston closes the passage opening of the sleeve in a locked position retracted into the liner, and wherein in an extended position of the piston from the liner the inlet opening of the piston is connected to the passage opening of the sleeve and a flow path through the piston is activated by turning Can be released and locked, characterized in that in the piston (12) a rotatably guided shut-off bush (14) is seated, which has a passage opening (44) and from a locking position in which it the outlet opening (38) of the piston (12) closes, in a release position, i n which the outlet opening (38) of the piston (12) communicates with the passage opening (44), is rotatable and vice versa.
Zapfhahn nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eintrittsoffnung (36) und die Austrittsoffnung (38) des Kolbens (12) an dessen Unterseite in einer gemeinsamen Radialebene liegen.Tap according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet opening (36) and the outlet opening (38) of the piston (12) lie on its underside in a common radial plane.
Zapfhahn nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben (12) in seiner Ausfahrbewegung aus der Laufbuchse (10) anschlagbegrenzt ist.Tap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the piston (12) is limited in its extension movement from the liner (10).
Zapfhahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Absperrbuchse (14) in ihrer Drehbewegung in dem Kolben (12) zu beiden Seiten hin anschlagbegrenzt ist. Tap according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shut-off bush (14) is limited in its rotation in the piston (12) on both sides.
5. Zapfhahn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der äußeren Stirnseite der Absperrbuchse (14) ein Schild (42) vorgesehen ist, von dem ein Griffbugel (50) abgeteilt ist .5. Tap according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a shield (42) is provided on the outer end face of the shut-off bush (14), from which a handle (50) is divided.
6. Zapfhahn nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Griffbugel (50) mit einem elastischen Belag versehen ist.6. Tap according to claim 5, characterized in that the handle bar (50) is provided with an elastic covering.
7. Zapfhahn nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Belag an der Oberflache in seine Griffigkeit verbessernder Weise strukturiert, insbesondere mit Rippen oder Stegen versehen ist.7. Tap according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface is structured on the surface in its grip improving manner, in particular is provided with ribs or webs.
8. Zapfhahn nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Belag in Zwei-Komponenten-Spritzgußtechnik an den Griffbugel (50) angeformt ist.8. Tap according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the covering is molded onto the handle bar (50) in two-component injection molding technology.
9. Zapfhahn nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Griffbugel (50) an wenigstens einer Sollbruchstelle Anbindung an die Laufbuchse hat, und daß die Anbindung aus dem elastischen Material des Belags besteht. 9. Tap according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the handle (50) has at least one predetermined breaking point connection to the liner, and that the connection consists of the elastic material of the covering.
EP02742721A 2001-05-08 2002-05-07 Drip-free nozzle with a fixed jet direction Expired - Lifetime EP1385778B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10122289A DE10122289A1 (en) 2001-05-08 2001-05-08 Non-drip tap with fixed spray direction
DE10122289 2001-05-08
PCT/DE2002/001644 WO2002090239A1 (en) 2001-05-08 2002-05-07 Drip-free nozzle with a fixed jet direction

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1385778A1 true EP1385778A1 (en) 2004-02-04
EP1385778B1 EP1385778B1 (en) 2006-03-29

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EP02742721A Expired - Lifetime EP1385778B1 (en) 2001-05-08 2002-05-07 Drip-free nozzle with a fixed jet direction

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US (1) US6742682B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1385778B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE321729T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002341484B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2411110C (en)
DE (2) DE10122289A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002090239A1 (en)

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US8453891B2 (en) 2009-04-07 2013-06-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Pump-less toner dispensing cap
US8490893B2 (en) 2009-04-07 2013-07-23 3M Innovative Properties Company Pump-less toner dispenser
WO2011160658A1 (en) 2010-06-22 2011-12-29 Erwin Promoli Tap
EP3418250A1 (en) * 2017-06-22 2018-12-26 OAM GmbH Closure for a drinks container
US10889415B2 (en) * 2018-11-19 2021-01-12 Txus Products, Llc Cooler drain assembly
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IT202000018889A1 (en) * 2020-07-31 2022-01-31 Itap Int S R L DISPENSING DEVICE FOR CONTAINERS, PREFERABLE FLEXIBLE LIQUID CONTAINERS, AND ASSEMBLY INCLUDING A CONTAINER AND SUCH DEVICE
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Publication number Publication date
ATE321729T1 (en) 2006-04-15
AU2002341484B2 (en) 2007-03-15
US20030178449A1 (en) 2003-09-25
DE50206234D1 (en) 2006-05-18
US6742682B2 (en) 2004-06-01
DE10122289A1 (en) 2002-11-14
EP1385778B1 (en) 2006-03-29
WO2002090239A1 (en) 2002-11-14
CA2411110A1 (en) 2002-12-10
CA2411110C (en) 2011-09-20

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