EP1385772A1 - Connecting structure subject to a variable load and hoisting apparatus equipped therewith - Google Patents
Connecting structure subject to a variable load and hoisting apparatus equipped therewithInfo
- Publication number
- EP1385772A1 EP1385772A1 EP02733612A EP02733612A EP1385772A1 EP 1385772 A1 EP1385772 A1 EP 1385772A1 EP 02733612 A EP02733612 A EP 02733612A EP 02733612 A EP02733612 A EP 02733612A EP 1385772 A1 EP1385772 A1 EP 1385772A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting element
- anchoring member
- connecting structure
- contact surfaces
- secondary contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
- B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connecting structure subject to a variable load, comprising at least one connecting element and at least one anchoring member supporting the connecting element, the connecting element and the anchoring member each comprising at least one primary contact surface, said primary contact surfaces engaging each other during use.
- a connecting structure is known, for instance in the form of a so-called "twist-lock”.
- a twist-lock is a connecting structure which is used for engaging containers during hoisting thereof, for instance when loading or unloading container ships.
- Standard containers comprise engagement points on their corners for handling and fixing thereof, the so-called "corner castings". These corner castings form strengthened corners, in which an oblong opening is formed.
- a twist-lock may engage in this opening.
- a twist-lock consists of a pin or shaft having a hammerhead on its end, the pin being received with its other end in a bushing or collar, which in turn is connected to a rotating actuating mechanism. The actuating mechanism may rotate the twist-lock over 90 degrees between a position in which the hammerhead may be inserted into the oblong opening and a position in which the hammerhead is locked in this opening.
- the connecting element i.e. the pin or shaft
- the anchoring member viz. the collar or bushing
- both the connecting element and the anchoring member with threading, and thus simply establish a screw connection between these two parts.
- these parts with cooperating protrusions and recesses.
- the anchoring member may be formed by a number of segments, which are brought together around the connecting element, after which an outer collar is slid over these segments to keep them together.
- the outer collar is usually secured in the connecting element by means of a screw or pin.
- the known connecting structures have the drawback that the dimensions of the shaft of the connecting element are limited by the space available in the corner casting. This means that the connecting element cannot be dimensioned for an ⁇ endless' lifespan, or at least a lifespan exceeding that of the hoisting apparatus. Therefore, cracks will form in the connecting element at some time, with the additional problem that the condition of the connecting element cannot be properly monitored.
- the connecting structures are subject to relatively heavy and variable loads during connection of the hoisting apparatus to the containers and during lifting and lowering of the containers, the danger of a part of the connecting structure failing, specifically due to fatigue, is relatively great. In this connection it is also important that such heavily loaded structures are usually made of steel, the fatigue characteristics of which are hard to measure or predict. When such a connecting structure fails and the container suspended therefrom falls, there is a great risk of personal injury. Moreover, the material damage will usually also be substantial.
- the invention therefore has for its object to provide a connecting structure of the type described above, of which the condition may be detected more easily than that of conventional structures, and which further has a longer safe life.
- this is accomplished in such a connecting structure, in that the connecting element and the anchoring member each further comprise at least one secondary contact surface, said secondary surfaces being spaced apart during use but engaging each other upon deformation of the connecting element and/or the anchoring member.
- the spacing of the secondary contact surfaces is preferably such, that these only engage upon plastic deformation, for instance cracking of the connecting element and/or the anchoring member.
- the connecting structure preferably comprises means for detecting engagement of the secondary contact surfaces. In this way it is possible to recognize the threat of failure of the connecting structure in good time.
- these detecting means comprise markings arranged on the connecting element and/or the anchoring member, which for instance become visible with the deformation of the structure that leads to engagement of the secondary contact surfaces, the detection may easily take place visually.
- the connecting element includes a shaft extending in the main loading direction
- the anchoring member comprises a collar at least partially enclosing the shaft
- the primary and secondary contact surfaces are formed on the outside of the shaft and the inside of the collar, respectively.
- the shaft includes an end received in the collar and an opposite free end, and in that the primary contact surface is farther removed from the free end than the secondary contact surface. In this way the primary contact surfaces are arranged in the most heavily loaded part of the structure.
- a simple embodiment is obtained when the primary and secondary contact surfaces are formed by cooperating cams and grooves.
- the cams are advantageously annular, and the grooves extend over the entire periphery of the shaft and/or collar.
- the connecting element preferably includes a hammer shaped end and the anchoring member is connected to an actuating device for rotating the anchoring member and the connecting element.
- the invention further relates to an apparatus for hoisting objects, in particular containers, comprising at least one movable hoisting frame including one or more connecting structures of the type described above.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a hoisting apparatus including a plurality of connecting structures in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional elevation of this connecting structure in its intact condition
- Fig. 3 shows a detail according to the arrow III in fig. 2
- Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to fig. 2 of the connecting structure in partially failed condition
- Fig. 5 is a detail in accordance with the arrow V in fig. 4.
- a hoisting apparatus 1 for picking up a container 2 is formed by a frame 3 which is suspended from a plurality of cables 5 guided over pulleys 4.
- the frame 3 is a telescopic frame, having a main body 6 and two pairs of inner and outer telescopic arms 7,8.
- a transverse beam 9 is arranged, having a connecting structure or "twist-lock" 11 in accordance with the invention at each of its corners.
- fixing members or "flippers” 13 which are pivotable about respective axes 12.
- Each connecting structure 11 is formed by a connecting element 14 which is received in a anchoring member 15.
- This anchoring member 15 is connected to an actuating arm 16, which in turn is connected to an actuating mechanism (not shown) .
- This actuating mechanism can rotate the assembly of connecting element 14 and anchoring member 15 abount an axis 17.
- the anchoring member 15 is provided with a spherical part 26 that is journalled in a correspondingly shaped dish 27 in the transverse beam 9, in order to allow minor pivoting movement of the connecting structure 11 with respect to the hoisting frame 3.
- the connecting element 14 comprises a shaft 18 having a hammerhead 19 on its free end, which is shaped and dimensioned such, that it may be inserted into an oblong opening 20 in a corner part or "corner casting" 21 of the container 2, and may be hooked in this opening by rotation about the axis 17 over 90°.
- the connecting element 14 and the anchoring member 15 include primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively, which engage each other for transferring the load due to the weight of the container 2 suspended from the four connecting structures 11. These primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively, are formed by a cam 24 on the inside of the anchoring member 15 which protrudes in a groove 25 in the shaft 18 of the connecting element 14.
- the anchoring member 15 is embodied as a segmented collar 28, the segments of which are kept together by an outer collar 29 being slid over these segments.
- Both the cam 24 of the collar 28 and the groove 25 in the shaft 18 of the connecting element 14 are annular, and extend over the entire periphery of the connecting element 14 and the collar 28, such that a relatively large force transmitting surface is formed, and the resulting stresses in the material are limited as much as possible. Nevertheless, there is a risk that the connecting element 14 and/or the anchoring member 15 will undergo plastic deformation and may eventually even fail.
- the connecting element 14 and the anchoring member 15 further include secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively, which do not engage during normal use, and will only start carrying part of the load at the time that the load bearing capacity of the connecting structure 11 threatens to be seriously reduced by deformation or even partial failure of the connecting element 14 and/or the anchoring member 15.
- the primary and secondary contact surfaces 22,23 and 30,31, respectively are spaced apart in the main loading direction, in this case the longitudinal direction of the shaft 18, with the primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively, being formed on the part of the shaft 18 and the collar 28 which is remote from the hammerhead 19. In this way, in the normal intact condition the loads are efficiently transferred from the connecting element 14 to the anchoring member 15 and from there through the bearing dish 27 into the structure of the hoisting frame 3.
- the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively do not engage during normal use of the connecting structure 11, when the connecting element 15 and the anchoring member 15 are hardly or not at all deformed, but are spaced a distanced apart.
- This distanced may be chosen such that the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively, only start helping to carry the load at the time that the connecting element 14 has failed at the primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively.
- the distanced may vary between several tens of microns and one or more millimetres .
- the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively, are also formed by a cam 33 at the inside of the collar 28 and a groove 34 in the shaft 18 of the connecting element 14.
- the connecting element 14 By adding secondary contact surfaces which start carrying load at the time that the primary contact surfaces cannot transfer forces any longer, as the corresponding part of the structure 11, usually the connecting element 14 has failed locally, it is prevented that such failure of a part of the connecting structure 11 has disastrous consequences.
- the user may also be alerted to the partial failure of the connecting structure, after which this structure may be further monitored and eventually replaced.
- the deformation may be visualized by means of markings on for instance the part of the connecting element 14 which is normally arranged within the anchoring member 15, which markings will only become visible with the deformation that leads to the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively, starting to carry the load. In this way the lifespan of the connecting structure 11 is substantially lengthened, and unnecessary and premature replacement of parts thereof may be avoided, so that the cost of the structure and the cost of use are reduced.
- connection through the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively it is not necessary for the connection through the secondary contact surfaces 30 and 31, respectively, to have the same lifespan as that through the primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively.
- This connection only needs to hold until a next inspection of the structure, or until the deformation is detected.
- a lifespan which corresponds to 50 to 90 percent, preferably 65 to 80 percent, for instance approximately 75 percent of the lifespan of the main connection through the primary contact surfaces 22 and 23, respectively, is usually sufficient.
- the contact surfaces could also be arranged at different points between the various parts, and the mutual location of the primary and secondary contact surfaces could be chosen differently. Moreover, it is not necessary for these surfaces to be embodied as cams and grooves, but it is also conceivable that two or more threaded segments are used. The detection of the engagement of the secondary contact surfaces may also be performed in a different way than visually. It is conceivable that for instance use could be made of contacts being closed at the time of engagement, measurement of the distance between the secondary contact surfaces or other techniques. Finally, the connecting structure in accordance with the invention could also be used in other fields of technology .than in hoisting containers .
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1018049A NL1018049C2 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2001-05-11 | Alternately loaded connection structure and lifting equipment equipped with it. |
NL1018049 | 2001-05-11 | ||
PCT/NL2002/000302 WO2002092492A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-05-08 | Connecting structure subject to a variable load and hoisting apparatus equipped therewith |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1385772A1 true EP1385772A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 |
EP1385772B1 EP1385772B1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
Family
ID=19773386
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02733612A Expired - Lifetime EP1385772B1 (en) | 2001-05-11 | 2002-05-08 | Connecting structure subject to a variable load and hoisting apparatus equipped therewith |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1385772B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1244486C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE285977T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60202460D1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1065301A1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY127406A (en) |
NL (1) | NL1018049C2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL208100B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002092492A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2293823B1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2009-02-16 | J.S.V. Logistic, S.L. | PORTIC FOR TRANSPORT OF GOODS. |
DE102009055407A1 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-07 | Noell Mobile Systems GmbH, 97080 | Hoist with a twistlock assembly |
JP5570886B2 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2014-08-13 | 株式会社吉田鉄工所 | Positioning mechanism |
NL1038312C2 (en) | 2010-10-16 | 2012-04-17 | Stinis Beheer Bv | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING CRACK IN A LIFTING ORGAN. |
CN102491161A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-13 | 李怀昌 | Twist lock device for container hanging tool |
GB2517967B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-09-02 | Strainstall Uk Ltd | Twist-lock collar |
CN103838931B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2017-08-29 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of engineering machinery arm support class formation remanufactures access phase appraisal procedure |
CN106997739A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-08-01 | 广州诺绰信息技术有限公司 | A kind of roof outdoor billboard conveys erecting device |
CN106672789B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-09-21 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | A kind of experiment of container ship hanging box, heap case experiment special hoisting bar and application method |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE815428C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-10-01 | Rudolf Henfler | Safety lock for bolts, steering knuckles, etc. like |
US3534989A (en) * | 1968-05-29 | 1970-10-20 | Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co | End fitting |
DE2042357A1 (en) * | 1970-08-26 | 1972-03-02 | Tax H | Container capture frame |
DE2227823C3 (en) * | 1972-06-08 | 1975-10-16 | Friedrich Kocks Gmbh, 2800 Bremen | Loading gear for containers |
SE420907C (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1983-11-17 | Taylor Richard J | WELDING DEVICE BY LIFT CABLE, SPECIFIC TO CONTAINER |
DE4333335A1 (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1995-03-30 | Bayerische Park Und Lagersyste | Supporting nut under load |
GB2294027B (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1997-12-03 | Natsteel Engineering Pte Ltd | A shock absorption assembly for a spreader |
-
2001
- 2001-05-11 NL NL1018049A patent/NL1018049C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-05-08 WO PCT/NL2002/000302 patent/WO2002092492A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-08 DE DE60202460T patent/DE60202460D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-08 PL PL367184A patent/PL208100B1/en unknown
- 2002-05-08 CN CNB028097262A patent/CN1244486C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-08 AT AT02733612T patent/ATE285977T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-08 EP EP02733612A patent/EP1385772B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-09 MY MYPI20021682A patent/MY127406A/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-10-18 HK HK04108049A patent/HK1065301A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02092492A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1065301A1 (en) | 2005-02-18 |
CN1244486C (en) | 2006-03-08 |
EP1385772B1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
NL1018049C2 (en) | 2002-11-12 |
ATE285977T1 (en) | 2005-01-15 |
WO2002092492A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
PL208100B1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
PL367184A1 (en) | 2005-02-21 |
DE60202460D1 (en) | 2005-02-03 |
CN1507411A (en) | 2004-06-23 |
MY127406A (en) | 2006-11-30 |
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