EP1385757B1 - Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de recipient - Google Patents

Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de recipient Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1385757B1
EP1385757B1 EP20020730331 EP02730331A EP1385757B1 EP 1385757 B1 EP1385757 B1 EP 1385757B1 EP 20020730331 EP20020730331 EP 20020730331 EP 02730331 A EP02730331 A EP 02730331A EP 1385757 B1 EP1385757 B1 EP 1385757B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
skirt
fixing
area
wall
hoop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20020730331
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1385757A1 (fr
Inventor
Olivier De Pous
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aptar France SAS
Original Assignee
Valois SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valois SAS filed Critical Valois SAS
Publication of EP1385757A1 publication Critical patent/EP1385757A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1385757B1 publication Critical patent/EP1385757B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1043—Sealing or attachment arrangements between pump and container
    • B05B11/1049—Attachment arrangements comprising a deformable or resilient ferrule clamped or locked onto the neck of the container by displacing, e.g. sliding, a sleeve surrounding the ferrule
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/38—Details of the container body

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fixing device for fixing a dispensing member on a container neck defining an external wall.
  • This type of fastening device frequently used in the field of perfumery, cosmetics or even pharmacy, generally includes a fixing ring forming receiving means intended to maintain a dispensing member such as a pump or a valve, and a skirt whose wall internal is intended to come into engagement with the external wall of the container neck.
  • a commonly used technique is to provide the inner wall of the skirt with one or more attachment profiles which are housed under a shoulder formed by the external wall of the neck. These attachment profiles can be in the form of snap heads arranged at the end bottom of separate legs: in this case, the skirt is split to form the legs with snap heads at their lower end.
  • the latching profiles can be in the form of a continuous internal peripheral cord which projects inwards onto the wall internal of the skirt.
  • This cord like the snap heads, must when mounting the ring on the container neck, pass over a thickened edge or reinforced with the collar below which the shoulder with which the cord is formed or the heads cooperate. Consequently, the skirt momentarily undergoes (during the passage of the thickened edge) a radial deformation towards the outside which increases its outer diameter.
  • this kind of fixing device also includes a covering band which covers the ring, and more particularly the skirt, for an aesthetic purpose, but sometimes also functional. This is particularly the case when the skirt is made with separate legs forming heads internal latching.
  • the fret which covers the skirt then serves as a means locking device to lock the latching heads under the edge shoulder thickened neck.
  • the skirt is also locally and momentarily deformed radially towards the exterior when the reinforced edge passes. Therefore, it is also not possible to mount a cover band on the ring: indeed, in most cases, the cover band is mounted on the ring, and more particularly on its skirt, by a radial tightening coming from the tightening contact between the internal wall of the hoop and the outer wall of the ring. Therefore, the slightest deformation of the outer wall of the skirt has the effect of deforming the hoop which is in tight contact with the skirt. Therefore, it is not possible to pre-mount the hoop on the ring before mounting the ring on the collar, even with the continuous cord technique. We can however notice that the fret of dressing does not fulfill any function other than aesthetic in the fixing on the container neck with continuous self-sufficient cord technique to fix the ring on the collar.
  • the skirt is not in contact with the internal wall of the hoop, but defines on the contrary several intermediate zones distributed on the external periphery of the skirt, respectively to the right of each hanging profile, to allow a radial deformation towards the outside of the skirt in these intermediate spaces without deform or damage the pre-assembled cover band.
  • it is planned to mount the hoop on the ring before mounting the ring on the collar since the skirt can deform radially outwards in the intermediate spaces without deforming the hoop.
  • the covering hoop is in contact of the ring and more particularly of the skirt on all of its height, including at the level where the skirt is in contact with the container neck. More precisely, between each intermediate space corresponding respectively to a attachment profile of the internal wall of the skirt, the external wall of the skirt is in tight contact with the inner wall of the hoop. Therefore, even if the skirt can deform radially outwards in the intermediate spaces, the fact remains that the skirt is also deformed, even residual, at the level where the skirt is in tight contact with the hoop.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks of the art aforementioned prior by defining a fastening device with cover band and fixing ring, the covering band of which does not undergo any significant deformation can cause this phenomenon of crazing, and this while ensuring a perfect fixation of the ring on the collar and of the hoop on the ring.
  • a fixing device for fixing a dispensing member on a container neck defining an external wall
  • said device comprising a covering band defining an internal wall, and a fixing ring forming receiving means intended to maintain the dispensing member and a skirt defining an internal wall, a wall external and a free lower end, said skirt further defining a first attachment zone at which its internal wall is intended to come into engagement with the external wall of the neck and a second attachment zone at the level of which its outer wall is in tight engagement with the inner wall of the cover band, characterized in that the second attachment zone is located only below the first attachment zone, substantially at the level of the lower end of the skirt.
  • an intermediate free space is formed between the skirt and the hoop at the level of the first fixing zone.
  • said space intermediate extends over the entire height of the skirt except at the level of the second attachment zone.
  • the covering band is not in tight contact with the ring only at the second attachment zone which is located at the level of the free lower end of the skirt.
  • this lower end of the skirt is free, it has less rigidity and maintaining that its upper end connected to other parts of the ring. From this done, this lower end is more easily deformable when tightening radial with the inner wall of the hoop.
  • the attachment of the hoop on the skirt is only done at the end of assembly, since the second zone is located at the lower end of the skirt.
  • the fret does not undergo no contact tightening elsewhere than in its area located at the level of the second attachment zone, which is advantageously placed at a height from the skirt which is most likely to be plastically deformed. So the fret does cannot be damaged by crazing, since on the most of its height it is not in contact with the ring, since separated by an intermediate free space, and that at the level where it is hung on the skirt, it is the latter which undergoes the radial deformation towards the inside to create tight contact with the hoop. This avoids any deterioration by this phenomenon of crazing.
  • the second attachment zone has a external diameter greater than that of the first attachment zone.
  • an external shoulder towards the outside connects the first zone to the second zone.
  • the outer wall of the skirt which advantageously forms the outer wall of the ring, can thus comprise two cylindrical sections advantageously circular connected by an advantageously oblique shoulder, the first cylindrical section extending over most of the height of the skirt and having a diameter less than the second section which can also be cylindrical circular and which is located at the end bottom of the skirt.
  • the second zone attachment has an internal diameter greater than that of the first zone of fixation.
  • an internal outward shoulder connects the first zone to the second zone.
  • the internal wall of the skirt at the level of the second attachment zone can serve as a guide wall to facilitate the positioning and fitting of the ring on the neck of the container.
  • the internal diameter of the ring at the second attachment zone is greater than the outside diameter of the neck so that there is no tight contact between the second attachment zone and the neck when mounting the ring on the collar.
  • the internal shoulder which is advantageously inclined, serves as convergence wall to guide the neck into the first attachment zone of the skirt.
  • the external wall of the skirt at level of the second attachment zone is provided with attachment profiles deformable against the inner wall of the hoop.
  • the inner wall of the hoop can be in localized contact with the second attachment zone at the level deformable attachment profiles.
  • the internal wall of the hoop is in continuous contact with the second attachment zone over the entire periphery.
  • the outer wall of the skirt at the second attachment zone can therefore be perfectly cylindrical circular and smooth, or be cylindrical circular but provided with a surface finish, for example in the form of horizontal or vertical ribs or stripes, which favors the attachment of the fret.
  • the internal wall of the skirt at the level of the first attachment zone is substantially cylindrical and has, before mounting on the neck, an internal diameter smaller than the external diameter of the neck, so as to make a fixing by radial tightening.
  • the wall of the skirt can be perfectly cylindrical circular and smooth.
  • the inner wall of the skirt at the level of the first fastening is provided with fastening profiles adapted to deform against the outer wall of the neck.
  • the wall internal of the skirt at the level of the first fixing zone can be provided with blocking profiles adapted to be housed under an inward shoulder formed by the outer wall of the cervix.
  • the covering hoop comprises a cylindrical body internally defining the internal wall, said body defining a lower end extending at least up to the level of the free lower end of the skirt and an upper end forming a re-entrant flap, the hoop being in contact with the ring only at the level of the second attachment zone and re-entrant flap, the intermediate space extending between the second attachment zone and the re-entrant flap. So the hoop is attached to its lower end by radial clamping and locked at its end lower by the flap returning into abutment contact on the ring. Between the two ends, the hoop is not in contact with the ring.
  • the single figure is a vertical cross section through a fixing device according to the invention mounted on a container neck.
  • the container 3, of which only the neck 30 is shown, is a container classic forming a body intended to contain fluid product surmounted by the neck 30 which projects upwards and which defines an opening through which the fluid can be removed from the container.
  • the neck 30 of the container is completely conventional: it comprises an upper end 34 advantageously provided an annular sealing ring 35.
  • the neck 30 also forms a reinforced edge or thickened 31 which projects radially outwards so as to form a lower shoulder which connects a neck portion 33 of reduced diameter.
  • the edge reinforced 31 extends from the upper wall 34 to the shoulder 33.
  • the external wall 32 at the thickened edge 31 can be perfectly cylindrical circular, but may also include one or several attachment profiles making it possible to improve the attachment of said fastening device as will be seen below.
  • the fixing device of the invention essentially comprises two constituent elements, namely a fixing ring 1 and a covering band 2.
  • the ring 1 is received inside the hoop so as to mask it at least partially.
  • the fixing ring 1 comprises receiving means intended to maintain a dispensing member such as a pump or a valve.
  • these receiving means are in the form of a sleeve latching 13 in which a part of the pump or valve body is received by snap-fastening.
  • This sleeve 13 further defines a central opening 14 through which extends the actuating rod of the pump or the valve.
  • the latching sleeve 13 defines the inner central part of the ring fixation.
  • This sleeve 13 is extended radially outwards by a plate annular 12 which can come directly into contact with the upper end 34 of the neck 30, or press a neck seal 4 on the upper end 34 of the neck 30.
  • the neck seal 4, or the plate 12 itself is strongly pressed against the sealing ring 35, and thus achieves sealing at the neck of the container.
  • the plate 12 On its outer periphery, the plate 12 is connected to a skirt 10 which extends down to define a free lower end 105.
  • a socket 11 also extends towards the top from the outer periphery of the plate 12.
  • This sleeve 11 extends in the extension of the skirt 10, and can therefore be considered as forming part of the skirt 10.
  • the sleeve 11 does not exactly extend in the extension of the wall 10, but for example slightly set back towards inside. Even in this case, we can speak of a stepped outer skirt.
  • the socket 11 therefore extends upwards by defining a free upper end 115.
  • the skirt 10 defines an outer wall 102 and an outer wall 101 in its part located below the plate 12.
  • the term external wall 102 can be also applied to the external wall of the socket 11.
  • the skirt 10 extends around from the neck 30 downwards so that its free lower end 105 is located well below the thickened edge 31, and may even, in certain cases, come into contact from the base of the neck.
  • the covering band 2 of the fixing device is preferably made made of metal, but can also be made of plastic.
  • Fret 2 comprises a cylindrical body 20 defining an internal wall 22 and a wall visible external 21.
  • the body 20 comprises a free lower end 23 and a upper end formed with a re-entrant flap 24.
  • the skirt 10 defines a first attachment zone 103 to the level of which the internal wall 101 of the skirt 10 comes into contact with the wall outer 32 of the neck 30.
  • the skirt 10 also includes a second zone attachment 104 at which the outer wall 102 of the skirt 10 comes in tight contact with the internal wall 22 of the hoop 2.
  • the second zone attachment 104 is located below the first attachment zone 103, when the fastening device is held in a vertical position as shown in the single figure with the free lower end 105 of the skirt 10 pointing towards the low.
  • the second attachment zone 104 is located in below the thickened edge 31, and even below the shoulder 320.
  • the first attachment zone 103 it advantageously extends over the height of the thickened edge 31, and preferably below the shoulder 320.
  • the second attachment zone 104 is located just above the free lower end 105 of the skirt: because of its position, the second attachment zone 104 has good deformability characteristics, which are in any case better than those of the skirt for example at the level of the plate 12 which stiffens and strengthens the skirt and reduces its deformability.
  • This second area attachment 104 is in tight contact with the internal wall 22 of the hoop 2, advantageously near its lower end 23. This end lower 23 can for example be located at the same level or slightly in below the lower end 105 of the skirt 10.
  • the outer wall of the zone attachment 104 may be cylindrical, advantageously circular, and have a smooth surface or provided with attachment profiles in the form of horizontal or vertical ribs more or less close together, for the purpose improve the attachment of the hoop. Because of its position at the end free lower 105 of the skirt 10, the attachment zone is easily deformable, so that the tight grip in hoop 2 does not generate significant deformation of the hoop, thus avoiding any phenomenon of deterioration by crazing.
  • the internal wall of the attachment zone 104 advantageously has a diameter greater than the diameter of the thickened edge 31 of the neck so that it does not there can be no tight contact with the collar at the hooking area 104.
  • the internal wall of the attachment zone 104 can serve as guide and insertion wall to facilitate the positioning of the ring on the container neck.
  • a free space intermediate 201 is formed between the skirt 10 and the hoop 2 at the level of the first fixing zone 103.
  • this intermediate space 201 extends over the entire height of the skirt, advantageously even at the level of the socket 11, except at the level of the second latching 104.
  • this intermediate space 201 extends at least at the level of the first zone of fixing 103.
  • the first zone of binding 103 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the second 104.
  • the skirt can advantageously have the same diameter than that of the first attachment zone 103 over its entire height except of the attachment zone 104.
  • the space intermediate 201 extends in the form of a perfectly cylindrical annular between the cylindrical body 20 of the hoop 2 and the cylindrical outer wall 102 of the skirt above the attachment zone 104.
  • the first attachment zone 103 is connected to the second attachment zone 10 4 by an external shoulder 106 which flares outward and downward.
  • the lower end 23 of the body 20 of the hoop 2 is first engaged on the skirt part formed by the socket 11 which has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the fret. There is consequently a tight contact between the hoop and the ring up to the level of the external shoulder 106. From this external shoulder 106, the hoop 2 begins to engage on the attachment zone 104, and it is necessary so a certain pushing force to engage the hoop on this area attachment 104. A tight contact is thus made at this level. The commitment of the hoop 2 on the ring 1 continues until the re-entrant flap 24 of the hoop comes into contact with the upper end 115 of the sleeve 11.
  • the hoop 2 is thus in contact with the ring only at the level of the attachment zone 104 where a radial tightening contact is made and at its re-entrant flap 24 resting on the sleeve 11. Between these two contact points, the hoop 2 is not in contact with the ring, but on the contrary defines the intermediate space 201.
  • the hoop 2 during its mounting on the ring 1 has not undergone a constraint only at its lower end 23 and nowhere else: in Indeed, most of the body 20 of the hoop 2 has never been in contact with the ring 1. It is therefore strictly impossible for the hoop 2 to be damaged by a phenomenon of crazing at the level where it is not in contact with the ring. In in addition, due to the good deformability characteristics of the area hooking from its position near the lower end of the skirt, avoiding excessive deformation of the hoop.
  • the intermediate space 201 has the function of allowing the deformation of the external wall 102 of the skirt 10 at the level of the first fixing zone 103 without damaging the hoop 2.
  • this fixing system of the invention it is planned to mount the hoop 2 on the ring 1 before mounting the ring 1 on the neck 30 of the container. Therefore, it is necessary to spare this intermediate space between the hoop and the ring to allow the ring to deform on the neck of the container.
  • the internal wall 101 of the skirt can for example be provided, at the level of its fixing zone 103, of a snap-in cord 108 which projects radially inward, and which is housed below the shoulder 320 of the neck 30.
  • a snap-in cord 108 which projects radially inward, and which is housed below the shoulder 320 of the neck 30.
  • the cord 108 is located at the level of the zone of attachment 103, just above the internal shoulder 107.
  • the cord 108 can be deform radially outward in the intermediate space 101 during passage of the thickened edge 31 to come to be housed under the shoulder 320.
  • the internal wall 101 of the skirt 10 at level of the attachment zone 103 can come into tight radial contact with the outer wall 32 at the thickened edge 35.
  • the inner wall 101 can be made in a perfectly smooth circular cylindrical fashion, or even with fastening profiles, for example in the form of vertical ribs or more or less spaced apart. With such radial tightening at the thickened edge 35, one can do without the snap-on cord 108.
  • attachment techniques at the container neck that have need for external travel to allow their radial deformation towards outside.
  • fixing techniques which do not generate practically no radial deformation towards the outside of the external wall 102 of the skirt.
  • the intermediate space 101 is particularly advantageously, since it avoids a radial tightening of the hoop on the ring on its full height, which eliminates any risk of crazing phenomenon.
  • Hooking of the hoop by radial tightening only at the level of the lower end of the skirt leaving an intermediate space on the rest of the hoop is therefore advantageously because it eliminates the risk of crazing and that it also allows the pre-mounting of the hoop on the ring even with fixation techniques on the neck causing radial deformation towards the outside of the outer wall of the skirt.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
EP20020730331 2001-04-04 2002-04-03 Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de recipient Expired - Lifetime EP1385757B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0104595A FR2823187B1 (fr) 2001-04-04 2001-04-04 Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de recipient
FR0104595 2001-04-04
PCT/FR2002/001162 WO2002081333A1 (fr) 2001-04-04 2002-04-03 Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de récipient

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1385757A1 EP1385757A1 (fr) 2004-02-04
EP1385757B1 true EP1385757B1 (fr) 2004-10-20

Family

ID=8861946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020730331 Expired - Lifetime EP1385757B1 (fr) 2001-04-04 2002-04-03 Dispositif de fixation pour fixer un organe de distribution sur un col de recipient

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6672488B2 (pt)
EP (1) EP1385757B1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2004523438A (pt)
CN (1) CN1269699C (pt)
BR (1) BR0208580B1 (pt)
DE (1) DE60201676T2 (pt)
ES (1) ES2231695T3 (pt)
FR (1) FR2823187B1 (pt)
WO (1) WO2002081333A1 (pt)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2845357B1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2005-09-16 Valois Sas Dispositif de fixation et distributeur comprenant un tel dispositif de fixation
FR2865198B1 (fr) * 2004-01-16 2006-04-14 Valois Sas Dispositif de distribution de produit fluide
FR2884877B1 (fr) * 2005-04-21 2010-09-03 Rexam Dispensing Sys Pompe pour distributeur de produit fluide dont le corps presente une collerette d'assemblage et d'etancheite
FR2886632B1 (fr) * 2005-06-03 2007-09-07 Valois Sas Ensemble de fixation d'un organe de distribution de produit fluide
FR2904812B1 (fr) * 2006-08-09 2008-10-24 Rexam Dispensing Systems Sas Dispositif de fixation, ensemble de distribution comprenant un tel dispositif, distribeur comprenant un tel ensemble et procede de montage d'un tel distributeur
FR2916743B1 (fr) * 2007-05-29 2009-08-28 Valois Sas Dispositif de fixation pour fixer une pompe sur un reservoir et distributeur utilisant un tel dispositif de fixation
FR2927067B1 (fr) * 2008-02-06 2010-03-26 Rexam Dispensing Sys Flacon de distribution comprenant une pompe fixee par un collet pourvu de godrons de maintien en position
FR3032436B1 (fr) * 2015-02-10 2019-08-30 Louis Vuitton Malletier Dispositif de conditionnement pour un produit a distribuer
US10183790B2 (en) * 2016-11-28 2019-01-22 Berlin Packaging, Llc Non-removable closure cap with a collar
FR3109539B1 (fr) * 2020-04-28 2022-04-08 Aptar France Sas Distributeur de produit fluide
FR3111337B1 (fr) * 2020-06-12 2022-06-03 Aptar France Sas Organe de fixation de pompe

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4773553A (en) * 1985-09-12 1988-09-27 Risdon Corporation Assembly for securing and sealing a dispenser to a flanged container
DE4342680A1 (de) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-22 Pfeiffer Erich Gmbh & Co Kg Austragvorrichtung für Medien
ATE174537T1 (de) * 1994-10-17 1999-01-15 Sar Spa Hülse zur befestigung eines durch hand zu betätigenden pumpenaggregates auf eine glasflasche
FR2737471B1 (fr) * 1995-08-01 1997-09-05 Valois Bague de fixation a double indexation
FR2769860B1 (fr) 1997-10-16 2000-01-21 Sofab Dispositif pour l'assemblage d'une pompe sur un recipient
FR2784660B1 (fr) * 1998-10-20 2000-12-29 Valois Sa Organe et procede de fixation d'un dispositif de distribution sur le col d'un reservoir et distributeur utilisant un tel organe de fixation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2231695T3 (es) 2005-05-16
FR2823187B1 (fr) 2003-08-15
JP2004523438A (ja) 2004-08-05
US6672488B2 (en) 2004-01-06
US20020175192A1 (en) 2002-11-28
WO2002081333A1 (fr) 2002-10-17
DE60201676T2 (de) 2006-02-02
BR0208580B1 (pt) 2012-05-29
CN1500055A (zh) 2004-05-26
EP1385757A1 (fr) 2004-02-04
BR0208580A (pt) 2004-04-20
CN1269699C (zh) 2006-08-16
DE60201676D1 (de) 2004-11-25
FR2823187A1 (fr) 2002-10-11

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