EP1382229A1 - Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention. - Google Patents
Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention.Info
- Publication number
- EP1382229A1 EP1382229A1 EP02732838A EP02732838A EP1382229A1 EP 1382229 A1 EP1382229 A1 EP 1382229A1 EP 02732838 A EP02732838 A EP 02732838A EP 02732838 A EP02732838 A EP 02732838A EP 1382229 A1 EP1382229 A1 EP 1382229A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- article
- electrically conductive
- particles
- conductive particles
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000734 polysilsesquioxane polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)C(C)C HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002115 bismuth titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUWTUGQLAYKVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy-methyl-trimethylsilyloxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)O[Si](C)(C)C FUWTUGQLAYKVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003223 poly(pyromellitimide-1,4-diphenyl ether) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
- H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
- H05F3/02—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of earthing connections
Definitions
- the invention relates to an article having a surface electrical resistance of less than 10 9 Ohms per square, in particular for combating the effects of static electricity.
- the accumulation of electrostatic charges on the surface of an article made of dielectric material can be detrimental to the functioning of electronic devices or equipment by creating electrical discharges generating electromagnetic disturbances (parasites) or destroying electronic components.
- thermo-optical characteristics such as the solar absorption coefficient or the infrared emissivity factor, well determined.
- the Applicant in patent FR-B-2 770 230, proposes a solar reflector for the thermal control of a spacecraft whose coating is of a lower cost than OSR or SSM.
- the surface layer of this coating is a polysiloxane layer about 50 ⁇ m thick applied on a metallized substrate.
- This protective layer is however not electrically conductive so that the problem associated with static electricity remains.
- thermo-optical properties A means which would make it possible to confer antistatic properties to the solar reflectors of FR-B-2 770 230, without significantly degrading their thermo-optical properties, would therefore be very useful.
- electrostatic charges can be created on the surface of electrically insulating materials by friction of the air (trioboelectric effect) or by friction with other insulating materials . As in space, the accumulation of these electrostatic charges can create harmful electric discharges for electronic equipment.
- Various means for eliminating these charges are known, such as the use of conductive materials in the volume (for example polymeric materials charged with conductive particles) or the application of a layer of electrically conductive paint.
- conductive materials in the volume for example polymeric materials charged with conductive particles
- a layer of electrically conductive paint for transparent articles, such as aircraft windows, there is no suitable antistatic treatment.
- the invention aims to satisfy these needs. More specifically, the invention relates to an article whose surface has a surface electrical resistance less than or equal to 10 9 Ohms per square, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of electrically conductive particles adhering to its surface and distributed over the latter. A surface electrical resistance of 10 9 ⁇ / D is considered to be the maximum admissible resistance for an acceptable antistatic effect.
- the particles adhere to the surface of a hardened layer of resin or varnish applied to the article.
- the electrically conductive particles should be less than 0.4 ⁇ m. If transparency is not an essential criterion, larger particles can be used.
- the electroconductive particles can be doped metal oxides such as
- - doped tin oxide for example with chlorine, fluorine, antimony oxide, indium oxide or bismuth oxide,
- - doped indium oxide for example with tin oxide, antimony oxide, bismuth oxide, titanium oxide or lead oxide; or
- the salts of the oxide to be doped and of the dopant are dissolved in water or an appropriate solvent and then co-precipitated slowly by the action of an organic acid in solution.
- organic acids are, for example, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, maleic acid and the like.
- the precipitate After filtration and drying in an oven, the precipitate is calcined at 500-600 ° C and then the whole is doped by calcination at a temperature which depends on the type of oxide and dopant.
- the quantity of electroconductive particles adhering to the surface of the article is advantageously the lowest possible quantity which makes it possible to obtain an appropriate surface electrical resistance, that is to say ⁇ 10 9 ⁇ / square, while not degrading not notably the thermo-optical properties of the article, when the latter factor is important. For information and not limitation, it has been found that quantity of particles distributed over the surface of the article with an interparticle distance of the order of 10 to 20 ⁇ m usually gives satisfactory results.
- This distribution of the particles corresponds substantially to a surface concentration of 0.5 to 5 mg of particles per m 2 of surface when the particles consist of a doped oxide, and of 2 to 20 mg of particles per m 2 of surface when the particles are made of a metal.
- the invention also relates to a method for imparting to an article a surface electrical resistance less than or equal to 10 9 Ohms per square, characterized in that it comprises the application, on a soft and sticky surface of said article, of a plurality electrically conductive particles distributed over said surface, followed by hardening of said surface.
- a surface layer based on a hardenable resin is applied to said article, incompletely hardened so as to be soft and sticky, prior to the application of said electrically conductive particles.
- its thickness is between 5 and 50 ⁇ m.
- the layer of polymerizable or crosslinkable resin could be replaced by a varnish composition, for example consisting of a solution in a solvent of a polymeric material.
- the surface of said article is treated with a solvent for the material constituting said surface in order to generate said soft and sticky surface.
- the particles can be applied to the surface to be treated in the dry powder state using a pneumatic or electrostatic powder gun, like those sold by the company KREMLIN, or else in the form of a suspension in a medium. liquid, for example using a paint spray gun.
- a pneumatic or electrostatic powder gun like those sold by the company KREMLIN
- a suspension in a medium. liquid for example using a paint spray gun.
- Other modes of application of the particles will be obvious to a person skilled in the art.
- the resin can be chosen, by way of illustration and without limitation, from polysiloxane, epoxy, polyurethane, polyesters, acrylic resins, etc.
- the softening must be carried out using an appropriate solvent chosen according to the material to be softened.
- To soften methacrylate resins use is made, for example, of benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, ethylene chloride, chlorobenzene, dioxane , methyl ethyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, cyclohexanone, methyl formate or ethyl acetate.
- To soften polycarbonate resins for example, benzene, chloroform, acetone, methylene chloride, m-cresol, dioxane, cyclohexanone, pyridine or DMF are used.
- chloroform formic acid or dichloroethylene
- methyl ethyl ketone cyclopentanone
- cyclohexanone DMF
- nitrobenzene or DMSO are used, for example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view, in section, of an article made electrically conductive by incorporation of electrically conductive particles in its volume, according to the prior art.
- - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of an article according to the present invention, the surface of which has been softened before application of the electrically conductive particles.
- - Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of another article, according to the present invention, to the surface of which a surface layer of resin has been applied.
- identical notations are used for analogous or identical elements.
- FIG. 1 shows, in section, an article A made of a material 1 charged, in its volume, with electrically conductive particles 2.
- the material 1 is thus made electrically conductive and does not accumulate electrostatic charges.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an article A made of a material 1 having the property of being able to be made, on the surface, soft and sticky. Electrically conductive particles 2 are applied and adhered to the surface of article A.
- the material 1 is transparent, for example if the article A is an airplane window, for example made of polycarbonate, its thermo-optical properties are little modified by the application of the particles 2 to its surface.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an article A, the surface of which has been successively covered with a metallized film 3 and then with a layer 4 of transparent crosslinkable resin.
- the combination of film 3 and layer 4 is intended to ensure effective thermooptic control.
- the film 3 is not an essential element of the present invention and could be omitted, for example, if the surface layer 4 itself possessed the desired thermo-optical characteristics or in applications where these thermo-optical properties would be unimportant .
- Electrically conductive particles 2 cover the external surface of the surface layer 4.
- the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figure 3 is particularly suited to the field of space.
- the electrically conductive particles 2 have little or no effect on the thermo-optical properties of the surface layer 4.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 2 before application of the particles
- the material 1 is a polymer
- its surface can be dissolved superficially by means of an appropriate solvent, as described above.
- the particles 2 are applied to the surface of the resin before it is cross-linked or completely cured.
- the viscosity of the surface of the substrate that is to say of the material 1 (FIG. 2) or of the surface layer 4 (FIG. 3), must make it possible, when applying the electrically conductive particles 2, to maintain them on the surface by preventing them from penetrating deep.
- the surface is hardened, for example by crosslinking or total polymerization of the polymer or by evaporation of the solvent.
- the surface fixes the electrically conductive particles 2 and becomes electrically conductive or semi-conductive.
- the particles 2 are firmly fixed in the "gangue" that constitutes the substrate after it has hardened.
- the surface of the substrate comprising the electrically conductive particles 2 thus exhibits good mechanical characteristics, which is an advantage compared to the coatings of the SSM or OSR type mentioned above.
- This gangue also protects the electrically conductive particles 2 from humidity, which improves the stability of the surface electrical resistance over time.
- tin powder doped with antimony oxide the particles of which are less than 0.4 ⁇ m, suspended in a 50/50 diacetate mixture.
- ethylene glycol / polyethylene glycol (PM 400) with a concentration of 5% by mass, on a 50 ⁇ m thick layer of polysilsesquioxane with non-crosslinked hydroxyl functional groups, previously applied on a polished aluminum support of 30 ⁇ m thick.
- the amount of powder applied is 1 mg / m 2 of surface.
- the layer is crosslinked at 225 ° C for 1 hour.
- the amount of powder applied is 1 mg / m 2 of surface.
- the layer is cured at 225 ° C for 1 hour.
- tin powder doped with antimony oxide whose particles are less than 0.4 ⁇ m, suspended in a 50/50 diacetate mixture.
- ethylene glycol / polyethylene glycol (MW 400) with a concentration of 10% by mass, on a 50 ⁇ m thick layer of an incompletely crosslinked mixture obtained from polydiethoxysiloxane (3 parts by weight), polydimethylsiloxane with silanol endings (4 parts by weight), tetramethyldiethoxydisiloxane (4 parts by weight) and dibutyltin diacetate (0.014 parts by weight) previously applied to a polished aluminum support 30 micrometers thick.
- the amount of powder applied is 1 mg / m 2 of surface.
- Silver powder is sprayed with an air pistol, the particles of which have nanometric dimensions and are suspended with a concentration of 10% by mass in a 50/50 diacetate mixture.
- the amount of powder applied is 2 mg / m 2 of surface.
- the layer is cured at 225 ° C for 1 hour.
- EXAMPLE 5 Using an air pistol, sprayed tin oxide powder doped with antimony oxide suspended in a 50/50 mixture of ethylene glycol diacetate / polyethylene glycol ( PM ⁇ 400) with a concentration of 5% by mass, the particles of which are less than 0.4 ⁇ m on Plexiglas 8 , the surface of which has been previously softened under the action of trichlorethylene.
- the Plexiglas 8 thus treated has a surface electrical resistance of the order of 1 M ⁇ / D for a deposit of tin oxide of approximately 2 mg / m 2 .
- Silver powder the particles 2 of which have nanometric dimensions, is sprayed using a compressed air gun, suspended in a mixture
- the PVC thus treated has a surface electrical resistance of the order of 10 k ⁇ / Q for a silver deposit of approximately 20 mg / m 2 .
- the layer thus applied is polymerized at 225 ° C for 1 hour.
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown, provided by way of illustration and not limitation. In particular the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature, the manufacture of powders of conductive particles 2, their nature,
- the techniques for applying the powder or the nature of the surface layer 4 or of the material 1 of article A may be different.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0105712 | 2001-04-27 | ||
| FR0105712A FR2824230B1 (fr) | 2001-04-27 | 2001-04-27 | Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention |
| PCT/FR2002/001420 WO2002089535A1 (fr) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-04-25 | Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1382229A1 true EP1382229A1 (fr) | 2004-01-21 |
| EP1382229B1 EP1382229B1 (fr) | 2007-10-03 |
Family
ID=8862781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02732838A Expired - Lifetime EP1382229B1 (fr) | 2001-04-27 | 2002-04-25 | Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention. |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1382229B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE375075T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60222758T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2294135T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2824230B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002089535A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101321426B (zh) * | 2007-06-06 | 2013-02-27 | 3M创新有限公司 | 抗静电膜及包含该膜的制品 |
| ES2320839B1 (es) * | 2007-11-27 | 2010-03-11 | Cosentino S.A. | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de un articulo antiestatico de piedra aglomerada y articulo obtenido mediante dicho procedimiento. |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2592601A (en) * | 1948-02-05 | 1952-04-15 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Transparent electroconductive article and method for producing the same |
| JPH088080B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-24 | 1996-01-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 陰極線管及び陰極線管の製造方法 |
| BE1007662A3 (nl) * | 1993-10-18 | 1995-09-05 | Philips Electronics Nv | Beeldweergeefinrichting met een beeldscherm voorzien van een antistatische en lichtabsorberende bekledingslaag. |
-
2001
- 2001-04-27 FR FR0105712A patent/FR2824230B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-04-25 AT AT02732838T patent/ATE375075T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-25 DE DE60222758T patent/DE60222758T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 ES ES02732838T patent/ES2294135T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 EP EP02732838A patent/EP1382229B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-25 WO PCT/FR2002/001420 patent/WO2002089535A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02089535A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60222758T2 (de) | 2008-07-17 |
| FR2824230B1 (fr) | 2006-12-29 |
| ATE375075T1 (de) | 2007-10-15 |
| EP1382229B1 (fr) | 2007-10-03 |
| FR2824230A1 (fr) | 2002-10-31 |
| DE60222758D1 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
| WO2002089535A1 (fr) | 2002-11-07 |
| ES2294135T3 (es) | 2008-04-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0681911B1 (fr) | Article revêtu | |
| EP2310883B1 (fr) | Article d'optique comportant une couche antistatique limitant la perception des franges d'interference, presentant une excellente transmission lumineuse et son procede de fabrication | |
| KR20160010646A (ko) | 충전제 재료를 포함하는 투명한 전도성 코팅 | |
| EP0242294B1 (fr) | Matériau de protection contre les rayons x | |
| EP3440025B1 (fr) | Revêtement conducteur transparent durable extérieur sur verrière d'avion | |
| WO1999021661A1 (fr) | Reflecteurs solaires | |
| EP1382229B1 (fr) | Article doue de proprietes antistatiques superficielles et procede d'obtention. | |
| EP0020237A1 (fr) | Revêtements blancs conducteurs de l'électricité et leur application aux techniques spatiale et aéronautique | |
| RU2269146C2 (ru) | Многослойное покрытие | |
| EP0069635A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'une surface métallique réfléchissante, réflecteur obtenu par ledit procédé et son utilisation pour un projecteur d'éclairage | |
| CN114845873B (zh) | 光学用层叠体 | |
| US5916668A (en) | Sunshield film transparent to radio frequency energy and shielded articles | |
| FR2606770A1 (fr) | Structure anti-laceration placee sur le cote interieur d'un pare-brise ou glace d'automobile, incluant une couche de support de film polymere, systeme et procede pour exposer cette couche a un plasma | |
| FR2596356A1 (fr) | Dispositif flexible de support de generateurs solaires pour satellites et vaisseaux spatiaux | |
| JPH0811266A (ja) | 赤外線遮蔽積層体及びその製造方法 | |
| WO2023166271A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'articles tridimensionnels séléctivement métallisés avec une composition de revêtement de masquage | |
| FR2662703A1 (fr) | Peinture conductrice de l'electricite, de couleur claire. | |
| FR3070309A1 (fr) | Materiau multicouche pour une coque de ballon d'aerostat | |
| EP1405317B1 (fr) | Film blanc thermoregulateur a dissipation de charge et structures faisant appel audit film | |
| FR3060489A1 (fr) | Dispositif chauffant de protection d'un radar de vehicule automobile | |
| JPWO2013180202A1 (ja) | 機能性フィルム及び機能性フィルムの製造方法 | |
| JPH01175600A (ja) | 宇宙飛翔体 | |
| RU2513328C2 (ru) | Многофункциональный композиционный материал | |
| KR100788260B1 (ko) | 대전방지 보상필름의 제조방법 | |
| FR3083047A1 (fr) | Emballage sous vide d'une carte electronique |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20031022 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20060814 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60222758 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20071115 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20080110 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: AMMANN PATENTANWAELTE AG BERN |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2294135 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080103 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080303 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20080704 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080104 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080425 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20071003 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20160314 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20160504 Year of fee payment: 15 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20160405 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20160408 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20170501 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170501 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170430 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170430 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170425 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20180627 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170426 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20190415 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20190429 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20190426 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20190424 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60222758 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200430 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20201103 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20200430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200430 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20200425 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200425 |