EP1379706B1 - Werkzeugstahl von hoher zähigkeit, verfahren zum herstellen von teilen aus diesem stahl und so hergestellte teile - Google Patents

Werkzeugstahl von hoher zähigkeit, verfahren zum herstellen von teilen aus diesem stahl und so hergestellte teile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1379706B1
EP1379706B1 EP02727658A EP02727658A EP1379706B1 EP 1379706 B1 EP1379706 B1 EP 1379706B1 EP 02727658 A EP02727658 A EP 02727658A EP 02727658 A EP02727658 A EP 02727658A EP 1379706 B1 EP1379706 B1 EP 1379706B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel
zirconium
titanium
bath
composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02727658A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1379706A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Beguinot
Dominique Viale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industeel Creusot
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Industeel Creusot
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industeel Creusot filed Critical Industeel Creusot
Priority to SI200230072T priority Critical patent/SI1379706T1/xx
Publication of EP1379706A1 publication Critical patent/EP1379706A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1379706B1 publication Critical patent/EP1379706B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool steel composition having a toughness reinforced compared to the shades of the prior art, a process of making this composition as well as the parts that can be thus obtained.
  • Tool steels are widely used in many applications involving in particular relative movements between parts in contact, where one of the parts must maintain its integrity geometric as long as possible. Examples of these are realization, machining and cutting tools and equipment metrological.
  • the grade must have good hardenability, so that the structure as homogeneous as possible over large thicknesses after the tempering.
  • the inventors have found that a further improvement of the compromise toughness - mechanical and wear resistance results unexpectedly from a sufficient nitrogen content with a minimum content of titanium and / or zirconium, itself a function of the nitrogen content.
  • the titanium and / or zirconium content of the steel according to the invention must be between 0.06 and 0.15% by weight. Indeed, beyond 0.15% by weight, the Precipitation of titanium nitride and / or zirconium tends to coalesce and lose its effectiveness. On the other hand, if the content is less than 0.06% by weight, the amount of titanium and / or zirconium present is insufficient to form enough nitrides of titanium and / or zirconium to obtain the improvement sought after in toughness and resistance to wear. It will be noted that zirconium may be substituted in whole or in part for titanium in the proportion of two parts of zirconium for a part of titanium.
  • the nitrogen content of the steel according to the invention must be between 0.004 and 0.02% by weight, preferably between 0.006 and 0.02% by weight. We limits its content to 0.02% by weight because beyond, the tenacity tends to decrease.
  • the carbon content of the steel according to the invention must be between 0.8 and 1.5% by weight, preferably between 0.8 and 1.2% by weight. Carbon must be present in an amount sufficient to form carbides and reach the level of hardness that one wishes to obtain for the shade.
  • the carbon content of the steel according to the invention is between 0.9% and 1.5% by weight, in order to ensure improved hardness, unchanged heat treatment, and strength to wear by increasing the volume fraction of hard carbides.
  • the chromium content of the steel according to the invention must be between 5 and 14% by weight, preferably between 7 and 9% by weight. This element allows on the one hand to increase the quenchability of the grade and, on the other hand, to form hardening carbides.
  • the manganese content of the steel according to the invention must be understood between 0.2 and 3% by weight, preferably between 0.2 and 1.5% by weight. We add it in the shade according to the invention because it is a soaking element, but it is limited its content to limit the segregation which would lead to a bad forgeability and a tenacity too weak.
  • the steel can contain up to 5% by weight of nickel.
  • the The content of this element must remain below 1% by weight.
  • its content is limited because it is a gammagene element favorable to the formation of residual austenite.
  • vanadium is preferred, and it is then used in grades at least 0.1% but not exceeding 1%, preferentially less than 0.6%.
  • Niobium which tends to precipitate at higher temperatures and which, from this fact, night strongly to the forgeability of steel is to be avoided and will not exceed in in any case 0.1%, and will preferably be less than 0.02% by weight.
  • the silicon and / or aluminum content of the steel according to the invention be less than 2% by weight.
  • these elements allow to slow the coalescence of carbides in temperature and thus reduce the kinetics of softening to income. We limit their content because beyond 2% by weight, they weaken the shade.
  • the molybdenum and / or tungsten content of the steel according to the invention must be between 1 and 4% by weight, preferably between 2.4 and 3% by weight. weight. It should be noted that tungsten may be substituted in whole or in part for molybdenum in the proportion of two parts of tungsten for a part of molybdenum. These two elements make it possible to improve the quenchability of the shade and form hardening carbides. Their content is limited because they are at the origin of segregations.
  • Copper may be present in the steel in content nevertheless lower than 1% not to affect the forgeability of the shade.
  • sulfur in one content not exceeding 0,3% may be added, possibly accompanied calcium, selenium, tellurium in contents each less than 0.1%.
  • the development of the steel grade according to the invention can be done by any conventional method, but can advantageously be carried out by the process according to the invention which constitutes a second object of the invention.
  • This part manufacturing process includes a first step consisting in developing a liquid steel by melting all the elements of the grade according to the invention, with the exception of titanium and / or zirconium, and then add to the molten steel bath titanium and / or zirconium avoiding at any time local overconcentrations of titanium and / or zirconium in the steel bath molten.
  • titanium and zirconium in the form of massive ferro-alloy or metallic elements generated nitrides titanium and / or zirconium coarse and consequently fewer, especially since some of them can even decant. This This situation seems to be related to the fact that these addition strong local overconcentrations of titanium and / or zirconium in the liquid at neighborhood of the added elements.
  • One of the embodiments of this first step of the method according to the invention consists in adding titanium and / or zirconium in the slag covering the bath of liquid steel continuously, titanium and / or zirconium then spreading gradually in the steel bath.
  • Another embodiment of this first step of the method according to the invention consists in adding titanium and / or zirconium by introducing continues a wire composed of this or these elements in the molten steel bath, while by stirring the bath by bubbling or by any other suitable method.
  • Another embodiment of this first step of the method according to the invention consists in adding titanium and / or zirconium by blowing a powder containing this or these elements in the molten steel bath, while stirring the bath by bubbling or by any other suitable method.
  • the elaboration is generally carried out in an arc furnace, or in a induction furnace.
  • the liquid steel is poured into ingots or slabs.
  • the steel can then be subjected to heat treatment according to conventional channels for tool steels.
  • a heat treatment can possibly include annealing to facilitate cutting and machining, then austenitization followed by cooling according to a mode adapted to thickness, such as air or oil cooling, possibly followed by income according to the level of hardness one wishes to achieve.
  • a third object of the invention is constituted by a steel piece of composition according to the invention or obtained by the implementation of the process according to the invention and whose average size of carbide precipitates of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten resulting from the solidification is between 2.5 and 6 ⁇ m, preferably between 3 and 4.5 ⁇ m.
  • Two pieces are manufactured from casting 1 according to the invention and of the comparative casting 2, by hot rolling at 1150 ° C of the ingots made in these compositions.
  • the samples are then austenitized at 1050 ° C. for one hour, soaked in oil and then subjected to a double income of 525 ° C for one hour to obtain a hardness of 60 Hrc.
  • the casting 1 according to the invention has improved toughness compared to casting 2 comparative.
  • Example 2 Two pieces are manufactured in a manner similar to that used in Example 1, and a measurement of the wear resistance is made by following the ASTM G52, which allows the determination of the volume loss experienced by samples tested.
  • This test consists of measuring the weight loss of the sample subjected to abrasive wear of a quartz sand calibrated granulometry introduced between a rubber wheel and the sample fixed.
  • the casting 1 according to the invention has a resistance to slightly improved wear compared to comparative casting 2.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Werkzeugstahl, dessen Zusammensetzung, wobei die Prozentangaben in Gewichtsprozent ausgedrückt sind, umfasst:
    0,8 ≤ C ≤ 1,5
    5,0 ≤ Cr ≤ 14
    0,2 ≤ Mn ≤ 3
    Ni ≤ 5
    V ≤ 1
    Nb ≤ 0,1
    Si+Al ≤ 0,1
    Cu ≤ 1
    S ≤ 0,3
    Ca ≤ 0,3
    Se ≤ 0,1
    Te ≤ 0,1
    1,0 ≤ Mo+W/2 ≤ 4
    0,06 ≤ Ti + Zr/2 ≤ 0,15
    0,004 ≤ N ≤ 0,02
    wobei der Rest der Zusammensetzung aus Eisen und aus durch die Herstellung resultierenden Verunreinigungen besteht,
    wobei darüber hinaus festgelegt wird: 2,5 • 10-4 %2 ≤ (Ti + Zr/2) x N.
  2. Stahl nach Anspruch 1, darüber hinaus dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Zusammensetzung, wobei die Prozentangaben in Gewichtsprozent ausgedrückt sind, umfasst:
    0,8 ≤ C ≤ 1,2
    7,0 ≤ Cr ≤ 9
    0,2 ≤ Mn ≤ 1,5
    Ni ≤ 1
    0,1 ≤ V ≤ 0,6
    Nb ≤ 0,1
    Si+Al ≤ 1,2
    Cu ≤ 1
    S ≤ 0,3
    Ca ≤ 0,1
    Se ≤ 0,1
    Te ≤ 0,1
    2,4 ≤ Mo+W/2 ≤ 3
    0,06 ≤ Ti + Zr/2 ≤ 0,15
    0,004 ≤ N ≤ 0,02
    wobei der Rest der Zusammensetzung aus Eisen und durch die Herstellung resultierenden Verunreinigungen besteht,
    wobei darüber hinaus festgelegt wird: 2,5 • 10-4 %2 ≤ (Ti + Zr/2) x N.
  3. Stahl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, darüber hinaus dadurch charakterisiert, dass der Gehalt an Niob kleiner oder gleich 0,02 Gew.-% ist.
  4. Stahl nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, darüber hinaus dadurch charakterisiert, dass der Gehalt an Stickstoff zwischen 0,006 und 0,02 Gew.-% liegt.
  5. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stücks aus Stahl mit der Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch charakterisiert, dass
    man einen flüssigen Stahl durch Schmelzen aller Elemente der Zusammensetzung mit Ausnahme von Titan und/oder Zirkonium herstellt, man dann in das Stahlschmelzebad Titan und/oder Zirkonium gibt, indem unter allen Umständen lokale Überkonzentrationen von Titan und/oder Zirkonium im Stahlschmelzebad vermieden werden,
    man den flüssigen Stahl zur Herstellung eines Barrens oder einer Röhre gießt,
    man den Barren oder die Röhre einer Formungsbehandlung durch plastische Warmverformung und gegebenenfalls einer thermischen Behandlung zur Herstellung des Stücks unterzieht.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Zugabe des Titans und/oder des Zirkoniums kontinuierlich in eine Schlacke erfolgt, die das Flüssigstahlbad bedeckt, wobei das Titan und/oder das Zirkonium sich anschließend in fortschreitender Weise im Stahlbad verteilen.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Zugab des Titans und/oder des Zirkoniums durch kontinuierliche Zugabe eines Drahts aus Titan und/oder Zirkonium in das Stahlbad erfolgt, wobei das Bad gerührt wird.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Zugabe des Titans und/oder des Zirkoniums durch Einblasen eines Titan und/oder Zirkonium enthaltenden Pulvers in das Stahlschmelzebad erfolgt, wobei das Bad gerührt wird.
  9. Stahlstück mit einer Zusammensetzung entsprechend einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, oder erhalten durch Durchführung des Verfahrens noch einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch charakterisiert, dass die mittlere Größe der Niederschläge von Chrom-, Molybdän- oder Wolframcarbid, die nach der Verfestigung entstehen, zwischen 2,5 und 6 µm liegt.
  10. Stahlstück nach Anspruch 9, darüber hinaus dadurch charakterisiert, dass die mittlere Größe der Niederschläge von Chrom-, Molybdän- oder Wolframcarbid, die nach der Verfestigung entstehen, zwischen 3 und 4,5 µm liegt.
EP02727658A 2001-04-18 2002-04-16 Werkzeugstahl von hoher zähigkeit, verfahren zum herstellen von teilen aus diesem stahl und so hergestellte teile Expired - Lifetime EP1379706B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200230072T SI1379706T1 (en) 2001-04-18 2002-04-16 Tool steel having high toughness, method for producing parts made of said steel, and parts thus obtained

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0105225 2001-04-18
FR0105225A FR2823768B1 (fr) 2001-04-18 2001-04-18 Acier a outils a tenacite renforcee, procede de fabrication de pieces dans cet acier et pieces obtenues
PCT/FR2002/001302 WO2002083966A1 (fr) 2001-04-18 2002-04-16 Acier a outils a tenecite renforcee, procede de fabrication de pieces dans cet acier et pieces obtenues

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1379706A1 EP1379706A1 (de) 2004-01-14
EP1379706B1 true EP1379706B1 (de) 2004-11-17

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EP02727658A Expired - Lifetime EP1379706B1 (de) 2001-04-18 2002-04-16 Werkzeugstahl von hoher zähigkeit, verfahren zum herstellen von teilen aus diesem stahl und so hergestellte teile

Country Status (26)

Country Link
US (1) US7445750B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1379706B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4523230B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100846815B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1226441C (de)
AR (1) AR033220A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE282721T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002257862B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0209018B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2444175C (de)
CZ (1) CZ297762B6 (de)
DE (1) DE60201984T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2231691T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2823768B1 (de)
HK (1) HK1062460A1 (de)
HU (1) HU228835B1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA03009445A (de)
MY (1) MY127296A (de)
PL (1) PL197554B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1379706E (de)
RU (1) RU2279494C2 (de)
SK (1) SK286725B6 (de)
TW (1) TW554050B (de)
UA (1) UA74258C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2002083966A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200307900B (de)

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US20060251537A1 (en) 2002-12-25 2006-11-09 Kunichika Kubota Cold die steel excellent in characteristic of suppressing dimensional change
PL2126150T3 (pl) * 2007-01-12 2011-10-31 Rovalma Sa Stal narzędziowa obrabiana na zimno o doskonałej spawalności
CN101215671B (zh) * 2008-01-11 2010-08-04 北京工业大学 抗锌液腐蚀磨损材料及其制造方法
CN103834872A (zh) * 2012-11-26 2014-06-04 天工爱和特钢有限公司 高耐磨性模具钢
CN103014518B (zh) * 2012-12-10 2015-09-16 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 高碳高合金钢耐磨球及其制造方法
CN103741051B (zh) * 2014-01-24 2015-05-13 浙江郑氏刀剑有限公司 宝剑剑身制作方法
CN104060191B (zh) * 2014-06-27 2016-04-13 南京赛达机械制造有限公司 一种可提高冲击韧度的汽轮机叶片及其生产工艺
CN105112788A (zh) * 2015-08-10 2015-12-02 霍邱县忠振耐磨材料有限公司 一种球磨机用中碳中铬合金钢球及其制备方法
CN105349903A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-02-24 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 一种高铬高碳钢耐磨斗齿齿座

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60201984D1 (de) 2004-12-23
HU228835B1 (en) 2013-06-28
PL363285A1 (en) 2004-11-15
SK12992003A3 (sk) 2004-03-02
CA2444175C (fr) 2009-06-16
CN1503852A (zh) 2004-06-09
CA2444175A1 (fr) 2002-10-24
FR2823768B1 (fr) 2003-09-05
FR2823768A1 (fr) 2002-10-25
JP2004526060A (ja) 2004-08-26
KR100846815B1 (ko) 2008-07-16
US7445750B1 (en) 2008-11-04
BR0209018A (pt) 2004-08-10
ZA200307900B (en) 2004-10-11
CZ297762B6 (cs) 2007-03-21
SK286725B6 (sk) 2009-04-06
WO2002083966A1 (fr) 2002-10-24
HUP0303947A3 (en) 2004-07-28
ATE282721T1 (de) 2004-12-15
ES2231691T3 (es) 2005-05-16
PT1379706E (pt) 2005-02-28
HK1062460A1 (en) 2004-11-05
RU2003133465A (ru) 2005-05-10
DE60201984T2 (de) 2005-03-31
HUP0303947A2 (hu) 2004-03-29
CN1226441C (zh) 2005-11-09
CZ20032755A3 (cs) 2004-07-14
TW554050B (en) 2003-09-21
AU2002257862B2 (en) 2006-10-05
PL197554B1 (pl) 2008-04-30
RU2279494C2 (ru) 2006-07-10
MY127296A (en) 2006-11-30
EP1379706A1 (de) 2004-01-14
JP4523230B2 (ja) 2010-08-11
BR0209018B1 (pt) 2010-03-09
MXPA03009445A (es) 2004-05-24
AR033220A1 (es) 2003-12-10
KR20030085111A (ko) 2003-11-01
UA74258C2 (uk) 2005-11-15

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