EP1368512A2 - Generateur d'oxygene electrochimique portable - Google Patents

Generateur d'oxygene electrochimique portable

Info

Publication number
EP1368512A2
EP1368512A2 EP01988790A EP01988790A EP1368512A2 EP 1368512 A2 EP1368512 A2 EP 1368512A2 EP 01988790 A EP01988790 A EP 01988790A EP 01988790 A EP01988790 A EP 01988790A EP 1368512 A2 EP1368512 A2 EP 1368512A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pem
cathode
anode
oxygen
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01988790A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hansgeorg Schuldzig
Rainer Kruppa
Bernd Rohland
Frank Adolf
Barbara Roth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde Medical Devices GmbH
Original Assignee
H2 INTERPOWER BRENNSTOFFZELLEN
H2-Interpower Brennstoffzellensysteme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by H2 INTERPOWER BRENNSTOFFZELLEN, H2-Interpower Brennstoffzellensysteme GmbH filed Critical H2 INTERPOWER BRENNSTOFFZELLEN
Publication of EP1368512A2 publication Critical patent/EP1368512A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portable electrochemical oxygen generator for the low-noise generation of oxygen from air by means of electricity in an electrochemical cell, and to a method for generating oxygen using the oxygen generator.
  • oxygen can be obtained from air by fractional distillation of liquid air. This is a large-scale, stationary process.
  • oxygen in air can be enriched up to 50% by binding the nitrogen in the air to molecular sieves by pressure swing adsorption. This requires a vacuum pump and vacuum valve control technology.
  • oxygen can be obtained from air by electrochemical "pumping" using a gas-tight ceramic oxide ion conductor membrane heated to 800 ° C.
  • the disadvantage is the heating time of the ceramic membrane and its sensitivity to breakage.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device and a method for producing oxygen which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular enables the production of pure oxygen suitable for medical technology by means of a portable device , Summary of the invention
  • the invention thus relates to a portable electrochemical oxygen generator, comprising
  • a cathode gas condensate separator which is connected to the anode compartment via a condensate line and a pump in order to bide a water / coolant circuit
  • a control unit for controlling / regulating the generation of oxygen, the air supply and the temperature of the PEM cell.
  • the electrochemical cell is a PEM cell of the type known from a fuel cell.
  • Platinum group metals are particularly suitable for the anode, with iridium being preferred.
  • a platinum group metal / carbon composite is suitable for the cathode, the platinum group metal preferably being platinum (Pt-C).
  • a plurality of PEM cells are preferably stacked and combined to form a stack with regard to the gas flow and water flow and the current flow, the stacking taking place in such a way that the cells are in electrical contact with one another via bipolar plates and the anode spaces and cathode spaces are sealed off from one another by means of sealing frames are. The stacking is done in a simple manner by pressing the individual cells using end plates and bolts / nuts.
  • the method according to the invention for generating oxygen by means of the oxygen generator according to the invention comprises the following steps
  • the PEM cell which works according to the method according to the invention, mainly consists according to the invention of a proton-conducting membrane, an anode filled with liquid water, on which gaseous oxygen is developed and water is consumed, and an air cathode, on which air-oxygen is consumed and water is developed, which condenses and the Anode is supplied.
  • Anodic water consumption and cathodic water production are of the same size.
  • the current flow through the PEM cell is generated by applying a low cell voltage, for example 0.8 V, which corresponds to the method according to the invention and which only has to overcome the electrolyte resistance of the membrane and the polarization resistance mainly of the air cathode that the high electrical energy consumer water electrolysis is avoided because the equilibrium cell voltage of the PEM cell is only 0.02 V for 0 2 / air compared to 1.22 V for the 0 2 / H 2 cell, which reduces energy consumption to less than approx. 50% of the water electrolysis drops.
  • a low cell voltage for example 0.8 V
  • the generation of oxygen is regulated via the pressure in the anode space, which decreases when oxygen is removed from the generator.
  • the pressure difference to the target pressure controls fiction, according to the electric current that causes the oxygen evolution until the target pressure in the anode compartment, which is preferably kept at 0.4 bar, is reached again.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of an oxygen generator according to the invention.
  • the oxygen generator according to the invention comprises a stack of 10 PEM cells, which are combined into a PEM-0 2 stack so that the water-filled anodes 2 are in press contact with a gas-tight bi-polar plate and the air. Cathode 3 of the next cell.
  • the common 0 2 and air routing of all PEM cells is ensured by channels in sealing frames that seal the anode and cathode spaces against each other.
  • the cathodes each have an inlet / outlet, the anodes a 0 2 outlet, and an H 2 0 access to the common H 2 0 channel, which by means of pump 8, preferably a membrane pump, of the H 2 0 condensate is fed from the condensate separator 7 of the cathode product water, in order to create a water-coolant circuit to build. This allows the oxygen generator to be kept at the desired operating temperature.
  • the method according to the invention of the preferred embodiment of the PEM-0 2 stack produces, for example, 100 Nl / h pure oxygen when a direct voltage from the direct current source 4 of 8.0 V and a current of 40 A is applied and thereby enriches the supplied 1000 Nl / h air to 10% oxygen content.
  • the 150 ml / h H 2 O collected in the cathode-air condensate cutter 7 are to be pumped by means of a membrane pump 8 into the common H 2 ⁇ channel and thus into the anode spaces 6 of the PEM-0 2 stack.
  • a refill container 12 with deionized H 2 O, which is integrated in the condensate line upstream of the diaphragm pump, is used to compensate for 10% to 20% H 2 0 losses with the exhaust air.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet un générateur d'oxygène électrochimique portable comprenant : une membrane électrolytique polymère (PEM) (1) conductrice de protons ; une anode poreuse remplie d'eau (2) comprenant une chambre anodique (6) ; une cathode à air poreuse (3) comprenant une chambre cathodique (5), la PEM, l'anode et la cathode formant une cellule PEM ; une source de courant continue (4) ; un séparateur de condensat de gaz cathodique (7), relié à la chambre anodique par une conduite de condensat et par une pompe (8) pour former un circuit de refroidissement d'eau ; un réservoir équipé d'un détendeur (9) pour l'oxygène produit ainsi qu'une unité de commande/régulation (11) conçue pour commander/réguler la production d'oxygène, l'arrivée d'air et la température de la cellule PEM.
EP01988790A 2000-10-27 2001-10-26 Generateur d'oxygene electrochimique portable Withdrawn EP1368512A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10053546 2000-10-27
DE10053546A DE10053546A1 (de) 2000-10-27 2000-10-27 Portabler elektrochemischer Sauerstoffgenerator
PCT/DE2001/004083 WO2002034970A2 (fr) 2000-10-27 2001-10-26 Generateur d'oxygene electrochimique portable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1368512A2 true EP1368512A2 (fr) 2003-12-10

Family

ID=7661416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01988790A Withdrawn EP1368512A2 (fr) 2000-10-27 2001-10-26 Generateur d'oxygene electrochimique portable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040101723A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1368512A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10053546A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002034970A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006002470A1 (de) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-15 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Brennstoffzellensystem zur Versorgung mit Trinkwasser und Sauerstoff
US8021525B2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2011-09-20 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation PEM water electrolysis for oxygen generation method and apparatus
US20110210060A1 (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-01 Clarcor Inc. Expanded composite filter media including nanofiber matrix and method
GB201015265D0 (en) * 2010-09-13 2010-10-27 Inotec Amd Ltd Oxygen concentrator and method
CN102181878B (zh) * 2011-04-22 2013-11-13 北京航空航天大学 一种静态供水质子交换膜电解水装置
CN103184467A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 上海空间电源研究所 质子交换膜氧气电化学提纯装置
CN102851681B (zh) * 2012-04-01 2015-04-22 无锡国赢科技有限公司 自呼吸式电化学制氧机
DE102012111229B4 (de) 2012-11-21 2019-06-13 Eisenhuth Gmbh & Co. Kg Bipolarplatte für einen PEM-Stapelreaktor und PEM-Stapelreaktor
CA3018631C (fr) * 2016-05-13 2021-03-02 Lynntech, Inc. Dispositif d'entrainement a l'hypoxie
KR20190012100A (ko) * 2017-07-26 2019-02-08 주식회사 패러데이오투 전기화학적 산소 발생 장치
JP7293034B2 (ja) * 2019-08-08 2023-06-19 株式会社東芝 水電解装置及び水電解装置の制御方法
EP4056734A1 (fr) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-14 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Système d'électrolyseur pour l'électrolyse de l'eau et procédé associé

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1155085A (fr) * 1978-04-14 1983-10-11 Sameer M. Jasem Separation electrochimique de gaz avec regeneration catalytique
JPS6026684A (ja) * 1983-07-22 1985-02-09 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd イオン交換樹脂膜を電解質とする電気化学装置
US5338412A (en) * 1992-04-27 1994-08-16 Burk Melvyn I Electrochemical device for removal and regeneration of oxygen and method
ES2094099B1 (es) * 1995-03-31 1997-08-01 Espan Carburos Metal Procedimiento para la separacion electrolitica del oxigeno de sus mezclas y equipo para la realizacion de este procedimiento.
TW347417B (en) * 1996-05-08 1998-12-11 Shinkohan Gigyutsu Kk An apparatus for producing hydrogen and oxygen
DE19754213C1 (de) * 1997-12-06 1999-02-04 Draeger Medizintech Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Sauerstofftrennung von Umgebungsluft und deren Verwendung
US6352624B1 (en) * 1999-06-01 2002-03-05 Northrop Grumman Corporation Electrochemical oxygen generating system
US6146518A (en) * 1999-09-01 2000-11-14 Stuart Energy Systems Inc. Pressure differential control in an electrolytic cell

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0234970A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10053546A1 (de) 2002-05-02
WO2002034970A3 (fr) 2003-08-14
US20040101723A1 (en) 2004-05-27
WO2002034970A2 (fr) 2002-05-02

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