EP1364415A1 - Protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices - Google Patents

Protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices

Info

Publication number
EP1364415A1
EP1364415A1 EP02719758A EP02719758A EP1364415A1 EP 1364415 A1 EP1364415 A1 EP 1364415A1 EP 02719758 A EP02719758 A EP 02719758A EP 02719758 A EP02719758 A EP 02719758A EP 1364415 A1 EP1364415 A1 EP 1364415A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
encapsulant
layer
organic
inner layer
electroluminescent device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02719758A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gabriele Giro
Massimo Cocchi
Piergiulio Di Marco
Valeria Fattori
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR
Original Assignee
Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR filed Critical Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche CNR
Publication of EP1364415A1 publication Critical patent/EP1364415A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/844—Encapsulations
    • H10K50/8445—Encapsulations multilayered coatings having a repetitive structure, e.g. having multiple organic-inorganic bilayers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices.
  • LED Light Emitting Diode
  • inorganic LEDs have a good performance in terms of emission and duration, they are nonetheless complicated and difficult to fabricate, and accordingly the fabrication of displays based on their use is expensive.
  • Organic electroluminescent devices known by the acronym OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) are constituted by at least one layer of organic material placed between two electrodes. Generally, these devices are constituted by multiple, different and mutually superimposed organic layers, so as to optimize the electric charge transport and recombination properties with respect to OLEDs constituted by a single layer. In OLEDs, both the organic layers and the electrodes are sensitive to the deterioration produced by the presence of oxygen and humidity. This deterioration causes the appearance of non-emissive regions.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • an object of the present invention is to solve the above described problem by means of an encapsulant whose characteristics make it suitable to cover effectively organic electroluminescent devices, i.e.:
  • insolubility in common organic solvents such as chlorinated solvents, benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, acetone, ethanol and methanol;
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a structure that is relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in operation, and relatively low in cost.
  • the present encapsulant for organic electroluminescent devices of the type deposited on a supporting substrate and composed of at least two electrodes between which an electroluminescent substance is arranged characterized in that said encapsulant is formed by at least one first inner layer, which is in direct contact with said electroluminescent device, which is constituted by an organic compound of the type of, or selected from quinacridones, acridones, and derivatives of perilene, said organic component being suitable to isolate said electroluminescent device from said atmospheric deteriorants.
  • Figure 1 is a partially sectional perspective view of the encapsulant of the organic electroluminescent device
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the electroluminescent device and of the encapsulant of Figure 1 taken along a first sectional plane;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the electroluminescent device and of the encapsulant of Figure 1, taken along a second sectional plane;
  • Figure 4 is the structural formula of the quinacridones used in the present encapsulant
  • Figure 5 is the structural formula of the acridones used in replacement of the quinacridones of Figure 4;
  • Figures 6 and 7 are the structural formulas of the perilene derivatives used in replacement of the quinacridones of Figure 4. Ways to carrying out the Invention
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates a protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices according to the invention.
  • the encapsulant 1 is constituted by an inner layer 2 composed of three superimposed layers 2A, 2B, 2C and of an additional outer layer 3, which seals the electroluminescent device 4.
  • the encapsulant 1 covers the electroluminescent device 4, which is in turn constituted by two superimposed layers of active organic material 4A, 4B comprised between a first electrode 5 and a second electrode 6.
  • the electrode 5 is composed of a series of bands of conducting material which are mutually parallel and adhere both to the supporting layer 7 and to the layer 4A of active organic material.
  • the electrode 6 is instead composed of a series of mutually parallel bands arranged at right angles to the bands of the electrode 5.
  • Each band of the electrode 6 is composed of a first layer 6A and of a second layer 6B, which are superimposed and adhere respectively to the layer 4B of the device 4 and to the first layer 2A of the encapsulant 1.
  • the layers 2A, 2C of the encapsulant 1 are constituted by organic material, while the layer 2B is made of a mixture of organic material and gas-absorbent material in percentages varying from 0 to 100%, i.e., the absorbent material can be present to the extent of constituting all of said mixture.
  • the absorbent material used to capture any molecules of water and oxygen, is composed of metallic calcium.
  • the deposition of the layers 2A, 2B, 2C of the encapsulant 1 occurs by vacuum evaporation of the organic material and of the absorbent material.
  • the total thickness of the layers that constitute the inner layer 2 of the encapsulant 1 has a minimum limit of effectiveness approximately around 300-500 nm.
  • the encapsulant organic material used for the inner layer 2 is constituted by molecules such as quinacridones.
  • the outer layer 3 of the encapsulant 1 is constituted by a hydrophobic polymer such as polycarbonate.
  • the outer layer 3 is applied to the inner layer 2 by using various methods: spin-coating, spray-coating, lamination, coating by immersion and screen printing.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An electroluminescent device 4 was produced in the following manner: a) a glass plate coated with a layer of indium and tin oxide (ITO) with a thickness of approximately 100 nm, with the property of being transparent to light, was used as supporting layer 7. The plate was cleaned chemically by immersing it in solutions of acetone and ethyl alcohol brought to a boil, and was then placed in an ultrasound washing unit for approximately 30 minutes. b) this was followed by the deposition of the two active organic layers 4A and 4B on the electrode 5 of ITO, using an evaporator which operated with a vacuum of 10 "6 mm Hg.
  • ITO indium and tin oxide
  • a layer 6B of metallic silver with a thickness of 100 nm, acting as protection and electrical contact.
  • the electroluminescent device 4 thus fabricated exhibits uniform emission on the entire active surface; non-emissive regions are noted 5 hours after fabrication.
  • EXAMPLE 2 An electroluminescent device 4 produced as in Example 1 is then coated, by high-vacuum deposition, by a layer 2A of quinacridone with a thickness of 200 nm.
  • the electroluminescent device thus fabricated exhibits at first uniform emission on its entire active surface; 48 hours after fabrication, non-emissive regions are noted.
  • An electroluminescent device 4, provided as in Example 1, is then coated by high-vacuum deposition with a layer 2A of quinacridone with a thickness of 600 nm.
  • the resulting electroluminescent device at first exhibits uniform emission on its entire active surface; non-emissive regions are noted 30 days after fabrication.
  • EXAMPLE 4 An electroluminescent device 4 as in Example 1 is then coated by high- vacuum deposition by a layer 2A of quinacridone with a thickness of 1200 nm.
  • the electroluminescent device thus fabricated exhibits at first uniform emission on its entire active surface; non-emissive regions are noted 110 days after fabrication.
  • EXAMPLE 5 An OLED device fabricated as in Example 1 is then coated, by high- vacuum deposition, by a layer 2A of quinacridones with a thickness of 1200 nm and by a layer 3 of polycarbonate.
  • the electroluminescent device thus fabricated exhibits at first uniform emission on its entire active surface; non-emissive regions are noted 150 days after fabrication.
  • EXAMPLE 6 An OLED device fabricated as in Example 1 is then coated, by high- vacuum deposition, with a layer 2A which is constituted by quinacridone with a thickness of approximately 200 nm, with a layer 2B constituted by metallic calcium (absorbent) with a thickness of approximately 1000 nm, with a layer 2C constituted by quinacridone with a thickness of approximately 300 nm, and finally with an outer layer 3 of polycarbonate with a thickness of 1500 nm.
  • a layer 2A which is constituted by quinacridone with a thickness of approximately 200 nm
  • a layer 2B constituted by metallic calcium (absorbent) with a thickness of approximately 1000 nm
  • a layer 2C constituted by quinacridone with a thickness of approximately 300 nm
  • an outer layer 3 of polycarbonate with a thickness of 1500 nm.
  • the electroluminescent device thus fabricated exhibits at first uniform emission on its entire active surface, and non-emissive regions are still not noted 180 days after fabrication.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the structural formula of the quinacridones used.
  • the groups Rl, R2, ... , R8 are each independently an atom of hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and R is independently a hydrogen or an alkyl group.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the structural formula of the compounds, acridones, used as an alternative to quinacridones, which are preferable.
  • the groups Rl, R2, ... , R8 are each independently an atom of hydrogen, a halogen, an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and R is a hydrogen or an alkyl group.
  • Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the structural formulas of the compounds, perilene derivatives, used as an alternative to quinacridones, which are preferable.
  • Rl and R2 are independently a hydrogen, an alkyl, a phenyl, a naphthyl, and R3, R4, ... , RIO can be each independently a hydrogen or an alkyl.
  • an alkaline metal an alkaline earth metal, an alkaline metal oxide, an alkaline earth metal oxide, an alkaline metal sulfide, an alkaline earth metal sulfide, an alkaline metal chloride, an alkaline earth metal chloride.
  • An advantage of the present invention is the use of organic material, optionally mixed with an absorbent, deposited by means of the same deposition methods as the active layers and the electrodes. In this manner, it is possible to provide the first encapsulation process in situ, i.e., in the same place where the device is fabricated, avoiding manipulations and passages that might introduce oxygen, water or other contaminants.
  • This encapsulation further protects the active layers, allowing the deposition of a contiguous polymeric layer as an additional protection, also from a mechanical standpoint, of the device. It has thus been shown that the invention achieves the intended aim and objects.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
EP02719758A 2001-02-07 2002-02-04 Protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices Withdrawn EP1364415A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO20010066 2001-02-07
IT2001BO000066A ITBO20010066A1 (it) 2001-02-07 2001-02-07 Incapsulamento protettivo per dispositivi elettroluminescenti organici
PCT/EP2002/001134 WO2002063698A1 (en) 2001-02-07 2002-02-04 Protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1364415A1 true EP1364415A1 (en) 2003-11-26

Family

ID=11439069

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02719758A Withdrawn EP1364415A1 (en) 2001-02-07 2002-02-04 Protective encapsulation for organic electroluminescent devices

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1364415A1 (it)
IT (1) ITBO20010066A1 (it)
WO (1) WO2002063698A1 (it)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10339629B4 (de) * 2003-08-05 2005-08-25 Technische Universität Braunschweig Carolo-Wilhelmina Verwendung einer Schicht aus hydrophoben, linear oder zweidimensional polyzyklischen Aromaten als Sperrschicht oder Kapselung und mit einer derartigen Schicht aufgebaute elektrische Bauelemente mit organischen Polymeren
KR20060113884A (ko) * 2003-08-05 2006-11-03 테크니체 우니베르시테트 브라운츠바이그 차롤오-빌헬미나 친유성의, 선형 또는 이차원적 다환 방향족을 포함하는층의 방지층 또는 봉지로서의 사용 및 이런 유형의 층으로구성되며 유기 중합체를 포함하는 전기 부품

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3197306B2 (ja) * 1991-10-08 2001-08-13 ティーディーケイ株式会社 電界発光素子の保護
US5952778A (en) * 1997-03-18 1999-09-14 International Business Machines Corporation Encapsulated organic light emitting device
WO1999031741A1 (en) * 1997-12-15 1999-06-24 International Business Machines Corporation Compound-metal contacts for organic devices and method for making the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO02063698A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITBO20010066A0 (it) 2001-02-07
ITBO20010066A1 (it) 2002-08-07
WO2002063698A1 (en) 2002-08-15

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