EP1361359A1 - Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1361359A1
EP1361359A1 EP03009123A EP03009123A EP1361359A1 EP 1361359 A1 EP1361359 A1 EP 1361359A1 EP 03009123 A EP03009123 A EP 03009123A EP 03009123 A EP03009123 A EP 03009123A EP 1361359 A1 EP1361359 A1 EP 1361359A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
high pressure
pressure pump
pump
return
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03009123A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1361359B1 (en
Inventor
Math Lemoure
Juergen Hammer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366—Valves being actuated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

Definitions

  • the invention is based on one Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is from the Literature, for example diesel engine management, publisher Vieweg, 2nd edition 1998, page 262.
  • This Fuel injector has a high pressure pump through which fuel is delivered to a store.
  • a feed pump turns fuel from one Fuel storage tank to the suction side of the high pressure pump promoted.
  • With the memory are on the cylinders
  • Internal combustion engine arranged injectors connected by the fuel is injected into the internal combustion engine. The injectors do not return for injected fuel into the fuel tank from.
  • a return from the high pressure pump also leads to Fuel, for example for leakage or at Lubrication of the drive of the high pressure pump to be discharged Fuel to the fuel tank.
  • a pressure control valve which is electrically operated is, and through the fuel from the store via a Drain into the fuel tank can.
  • the returns from the injectors and from the High pressure pump and the drain from the high pressure pump are thereby to a return line to the fuel tank summarized.
  • the pressure control valve for example, in overrun mode of the internal combustion engine when there is no fuel injection, the pressure in the accumulator be reduced.
  • the Pressure in the memory also in the entire operating range of the Internal combustion engine are regulated, in particular in Engine idling a large amount of fuel must be shut down from the memory. The one from the The amount of fuel returned to injectors also fluctuates strong and depends on the operating state of the internal combustion engine from.
  • the fuel injection device with the Features according to claim 1 has the advantage that by merging the returns of the injectors and the high pressure pump to a common return line a throttle and the mouth of this return line after the pressure control valve the influence of pressure fluctuations due to the fluctuations in the return quantity from the Injectors can be reduced.
  • the Throttle point for the injectors and the high pressure pump be optimally designed and that through the pressure control valve de-energized amount of fuel does not need to be considered.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation
  • Figure 2 a section of the fuel injection device according to a modified version
  • Figure 3 shows a detail the fuel injector according to another modified version.
  • FIG 1 is a fuel injection device for a Internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle shown.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably one self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or several cylinders.
  • the fuel injector has a feed pump 10, through which fuel a fuel tank 12 to the suction side of a High pressure pump 14 is promoted.
  • the high pressure pump 14 will mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine.
  • the Feed pump 10 is arranged on the high pressure pump 14, for example flanged to this, and is by the High pressure pump 14 mechanically driven.
  • the feed pump 10 can be designed, for example, as a gear pump.
  • one or more filters can be arranged be, for example a pre-filter 16 and a fine filter 18, which can also have a water separator.
  • the A throttle point 20 can be on the suction side of the feed pump 10 be upstream to limit the through the feed pump 10 drawn fuel quantity.
  • the high pressure pump 14 has, for example, several Pump elements 22, each one in one Have cylinder bore 24 guided pump piston 26, the driven by a drive 28 in one stroke becomes.
  • the pump piston 26 is in the cylinder bore 24 delimits a pump working space 30 into which during the suction stroke the pump piston 26 through a suction valve 32 fuel is sucked in and out of the delivery stroke of the pump piston 26 is displaced by an exhaust valve 34 fuel.
  • the Pressure side of the high pressure pump 14 is via a line 36, to that of the pump work spaces 30 of the pump elements 22 Laxative pressure lines are summarized with a Memory 38 connected. Through the high pressure pump 14 Fuel is pumped into the reservoir 38 under high pressure.
  • each injector 40 For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is an injector 40 provided by the fuel in the combustion chamber of the Cylinder is injected. Each injector 40 is over one Line 42 connected to the memory 38 and has one Fuel injection valve 44 and a control valve 46.
  • the control valve 46 is controlled by an electronic one Control device 48 controls and determines the opening of the fuel injection valve 44 for Fuel injection.
  • Fuel metering device 50 is arranged which is electrically actuated control valve 52 through which the Flow cross section from the feed pump 10 to High pressure pump 14 is continuously variable between a maximum flow area and a minimum Flow cross-section that is at least approximately zero.
  • the Control valve 52 has an actuator 54, for example in the form of an electromagnet by the control device 48 depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine is controlled such that the suction side of the High pressure pump 14 supplied with a predetermined amount of fuel is and thus a predetermined by the high pressure pump 14 Amount of fuel is fed into the memory 38.
  • a Bypass connection 56 From the connection 49 between the pressure side of the Feed pump 10 and the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 leads upstream of the fuel metering device 50 a Bypass connection 56 from.
  • a Pressure valve 58 arranged through which a connection 60 to Drive 28 of the high pressure pump 14 is controlled.
  • About the Connection 60 becomes fuel for the drive 28 Lubrication supplied.
  • a throttle point 62 Downstream after the pressure valve 58 is in the connection 60 a throttle point 62 is arranged around the Limit fuel flow to drive 28.
  • the bypass connection 56 is parallel to the connection 60 a further connection 64 to the drive 28 is provided in the a further throttle point 66 is arranged.
  • the connection 64 with the throttle point 66 enables ventilation, so that the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 only fuel is supplied and any air present in the drive 28 can escape.
  • connection 70 Downstream after the fuel meter 50 leads from the connection 49 of the pressure side of the feed pump 10 the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 another connection 70 to a relief area that the suction side of the Feed pump 10 can be.
  • connection 70 is one Throttle point 72 arranged. Under certain Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, especially in Thrust operation, may not by the high pressure pump 14 Fuel are pumped into the memory 38 and thus the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 must not have any fuel are fed. May not be guaranteed be that by the fuel metering 50 Flow cross-section of the connection 49 completely is closed so that there is still fuel to the suction side of the High pressure pump 14 arrives.
  • the connection 70 serves in in this case the fuel from the suction side of the To discharge high pressure pump 14 so that it does not pass through the High pressure pump 14 is sucked. Through the throttle point 72 the outflowing fuel quantity is limited.
  • the pressure in the accumulator 38 is measured by means of a pressure sensor 74 detected, which is connected to the control device 48.
  • the Pressure in the accumulator 38 is through a pressure control valve 76 changeable by which a flow 78 from the memory 38 to a relief area is controlled than at least indirectly the fuel tank 12 can serve.
  • the Drain 78 is in the fuel reservoir 12 opening drain line 79 connected.
  • the pressure control valve 76 is controlled by the control device 48 and can be designed as a 2/2-way valve, for example between an open and a closed position is switchable, or as a proportional valve through which a Flow cross section in the process 78 is changed.
  • a return 80 leads from the injectors 40, through which fuel not injected from injectors 40 and fuel diverted by the control valves 44 into one Discharge area is discharged.
  • From the high pressure pump 14 also leads a return 82 for fuel into one Relief area through which the for lubrication Drive 28 fuel flowing through and optionally escaping due to leakage at the pump elements 22 Fuel is derived.
  • the return 80 of the injectors 40 and the return 82 of the high pressure pump 14 are one common return line 84 summarized in one Inlet 77 or in the outlet 78 of the pressure control valve 76 empties. In the return line 84 is upstream whose mouth into the pressure control valve 76 is a throttle point 86 arranged.
  • the throttle point 86 is in hers Dimensioning for the optimal function of the injectors 40 and the high pressure pump 14 designed.
  • the through that Pressure control valve 76 controlled from the memory 38 The amount of fuel does not flow through the throttle point 86 and thus needs when designing the dimensioning of the Throttle point 86 not to be taken into account.
  • the sequence 78 and drain line 79 can be of a relatively large size Cross-section to be run also a relatively large fuel quantity controlled by the pressure control valve 76 to be able to dissipate without a high back pressure in the Drain line 79 is formed.
  • the embodiment explained can also be dashed as in FIG. 1 shown to be provided that the common Return line 84 to the fuel tank 12 is performed or in the drain line 79 of the Pressure control valve 76 opens.
  • the Pressure control valve 76 is constantly from the Fuel return amount of the injectors 40 and High pressure pump 14 flows through, even if by the Pressure control valve 76 itself has no fuel from the accumulator 38 is shut down, and thereby cooled.
  • FIG 2 is the fuel injector excerpts according to a modified version shown, in which the basic structure is the same as described above for Figure 1.
  • the return 80 of the Injectors 40 and the return 82 of the high pressure pump 14 open into a Y-shaped line piece 88, which also may include throttle 86, and of which the common return line 84 discharges through the Pressure control valve 76 or directly to Fuel tank 24 can be performed.
  • FIG. 3 is the fuel injector excerpts according to another modified Execution shown in which the basic structure is again the same as described above for FIG. 1.
  • the return 80 of the injectors 40 is for High-pressure pump 14 out and there flows into the return 82nd the high pressure pump 14.
  • From the high pressure pump 14 leads common return line 84 to the pressure control valve 76 and opens into its inlet 77.
  • the throttle point 86 is there preferably on the high pressure pump 14, for example in a connector 87 arranged thereon.
  • the training of the Fuel injection device enable a so-called 2-controller concept, in which both by means of Fuel metering device 50 by suction control of the High pressure pump 14 and by means of the pressure control valve 76 the pressure in the accumulator 38 can be regulated.

Abstract

The device has a high pressure pump, a transport pump feeding the suction side of the high pressure pump, injectors, return lines from the injectors and high pressure pump and a pressure regulating valve passing fuel from the storage tank to the fuel tank. The return lines open into a common return line opening into the fuel tank and containing a choke point. The pressure regulating valve outlet opens via an outlet line into the fuel tank. The device has a high pressure pump (14) feeding a storage tank (38), a transport pump (10) feeding the suction side of the high pressure pump, injectors connected to the storage tank, return lines (80,82) for fuel that has not been injected and from the high pressure pump and a pressure regulating valve (76) passing fuel from the storage tank to the fuel tank (12). The return lines from the injectors and high pressure pump open into a common return line (84) opening into the fuel tank and containing a choke point (86). The pressure regulating valve outlet opens at least indirectly into the fuel tank via an outlet line.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on one Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist aus der Literatur, beispielsweise Dieselmotor-Management, Verlag Vieweg, 2.Auflage 1998, Seite 262, bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff in einen Speicher gefördert wird. Durch eine Förderpumpe wird Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zur Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe gefördert. Mit dem Speicher sind an Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnete Injektoren verbunden, durch die Kraftstoff an der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird. Von den Injektoren führt ein Rücklauf für nicht eingespritzten Kraftstoff in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter ab. Von der Hochdruckpumpe führt ebenfalls ein Rücklauf für Kraftstoff, beispielsweise für durch Leckage oder bei der Schmierung des Antriebs der Hochdruckpumpe abzuführenden Kraftstoff zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter ab. Weiterhin ist ein Druckregelventil vorgesehen, das elektrisch betätigt ist, und durch das Kraftstoff aus dem Speicher über einen Ablauf in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter abgesteuert werden kann. Die Rückläufe von den Injektoren und von der Hochdruckpumpe sowie der Ablauf von der Hochdruckpumpe sind dabei zu einer Rücklaufleitung zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zusammengefaßt. Mittels des Druckregelventils kann beispielsweise im Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, wenn keine Kraftstoffeinspritzung erfolgt, der Druck im Speicher reduziert werden. Mittels des Druckregelventils kann der Druck im Speicher auch im gesamten Betriebsbereich der Brennkraftmaschine geregelt werden, wobei insbesondere im Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine eine große Kraftstoffmenge aus dem Speicher abgesteuert werden muß. Die von den Injektoren zurückgeführte Kraftstoffmenge schwankt ebenfalls stark und hängt vom Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine ab. Im Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine wird eine große Kraftstoffmenge zurückgeleitet, da die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge gering ist, und bei hoher Last wird eine geringe Kraftstoffmenge zurückgeleitet, da die eingespritzte Kraftstoffmenge groß ist. Außerdem steigt der Druck in der Rücklaufleitung im Schubbetrieb oder im Leerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine durch die Absteuerung von Kraftstoff mittels des Druckregelventils an, was wiederum zur Folge haben kann, daß wenn die Brennkraftmaschine nicht mehr im Schubbetrieb oder Leerlauf arbeitet, durch die Injektoren eine zu große Kraftstoffmenge eingespritzt wird. Insgesamt ist es daher bei der bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung schwierig eine optimale Auslegung des Rücklaufs zur Erzielung eines definierten Druckniveaus zu ermitteln, um den Einfluß von Druckschwankungen zu begrenzen und eine optimale Funktion sicherzustellen.Such a fuel injection device is from the Literature, for example diesel engine management, publisher Vieweg, 2nd edition 1998, page 262. This Fuel injector has a high pressure pump through which fuel is delivered to a store. A feed pump turns fuel from one Fuel storage tank to the suction side of the high pressure pump promoted. With the memory are on the cylinders Internal combustion engine arranged injectors connected by the fuel is injected into the internal combustion engine. The injectors do not return for injected fuel into the fuel tank from. A return from the high pressure pump also leads to Fuel, for example for leakage or at Lubrication of the drive of the high pressure pump to be discharged Fuel to the fuel tank. Still is a pressure control valve is provided which is electrically operated is, and through the fuel from the store via a Drain into the fuel tank can. The returns from the injectors and from the High pressure pump and the drain from the high pressure pump are thereby to a return line to the fuel tank summarized. By means of the pressure control valve for example, in overrun mode of the internal combustion engine when there is no fuel injection, the pressure in the accumulator be reduced. By means of the pressure control valve, the Pressure in the memory also in the entire operating range of the Internal combustion engine are regulated, in particular in Engine idling a large amount of fuel must be shut down from the memory. The one from the The amount of fuel returned to injectors also fluctuates strong and depends on the operating state of the internal combustion engine from. When the engine is idling, it becomes a large one Fuel quantity returned since the injected Amount of fuel is small, and at high load becomes a small amount of fuel returned because the injected Amount of fuel is large. In addition, the pressure in the Return line in overrun or idle Internal combustion engine by the control of fuel by means of the pressure control valve, which in turn results can have that when the engine is no longer in Overrun or idle works through the injectors too much fuel is injected. All in all it is therefore in the known Fuel injector difficult an optimal Design of the return to achieve a defined Determine pressure levels to determine the influence of Limit pressure fluctuations and optimal function sure.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch die Zusammenführung der Rückläufe der Injektoren und der Hochdruckpumpe zu einer gemeinsamen Rücklaufleitung mit einer Drosselstelle und der Mündung dieser Rücklaufleitung nach dem Druckregelventil der Einfluß von Druckschwankungen infolge der Schwankungen der Rücklaufmenge von den Injektoren verringert werden kann. Außerdem kann die Drosselstelle für die Injektoren und die Hochdruckpumpe optimal ausgelegt werden und die durch das Druckregelventil abgesteuerte Kraftstoffmenge braucht hierbei nicht berücksichtigt zu werden.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the Features according to claim 1 has the advantage that by merging the returns of the injectors and the high pressure pump to a common return line a throttle and the mouth of this return line after the pressure control valve the influence of pressure fluctuations due to the fluctuations in the return quantity from the Injectors can be reduced. In addition, the Throttle point for the injectors and the high pressure pump be optimally designed and that through the pressure control valve de-energized amount of fuel does not need to be considered.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 4 kann eine Kühlung des Druckregelventils erreicht werden, da dieses ständig von der Rücklaufmenge der Injektoren und der Hochdruckpumpe durchströmt ist.In the dependent claims are advantageous Refinements and developments of the invention Fuel injector specified. Through the Training according to claim 4 can cooling the Pressure control valve can be achieved because this is constantly from the Return flow of the injectors and the high pressure pump is flowed through.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs in schematischer Darstellung, Figur 2 einen Ausschnitt der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einer modifizierten Ausführung und Figur 3 einen Ausschnitt der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung gemäß einer weiteren modifizierten Ausführung.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and in the description below explained. 1 shows a Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation, Figure 2 a section of the fuel injection device according to a modified version and Figure 3 shows a detail the fuel injector according to another modified version.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In Figur 1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs dargestellt. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine und weist einen oder mehrere Zylinder auf. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe 10 auf, durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 zur Saugseite einer Hochdruckpumpe 14 gefördert wird. Die Hochdruckpumpe 14 wird mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben. Die Förderpumpe 10 ist an der Hochdruckpumpe 14 angeordnet, beispielsweise an diese angeflanscht, und wird durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 mechanisch angetrieben. Die Förderpumpe 10 kann beispielsweise als Zahnradpumpe ausgebildet sein. Zwischen dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 und der Saugseite der Förderpumpe 10 können ein oder mehrere Filter angeordnet sein, beispielsweise ein Vorfilter 16 und ein Feinfilter 18, das auch einen Wasserabscheider aufweisen kann. Der Saugseite der Förderpumpe 10 kann eine Drosselstelle 20 vorgeschaltet sein, zur Begrenzung der durch die Förderpumpe 10 angesaugten Kraftstoffmenge.In Figure 1 is a fuel injection device for a Internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle shown. The internal combustion engine is preferably one self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or several cylinders. The fuel injector has a feed pump 10, through which fuel a fuel tank 12 to the suction side of a High pressure pump 14 is promoted. The high pressure pump 14 will mechanically driven by the internal combustion engine. The Feed pump 10 is arranged on the high pressure pump 14, for example flanged to this, and is by the High pressure pump 14 mechanically driven. The feed pump 10 can be designed, for example, as a gear pump. Between the fuel tank 12 and the suction side the feed pump 10, one or more filters can be arranged be, for example a pre-filter 16 and a fine filter 18, which can also have a water separator. The A throttle point 20 can be on the suction side of the feed pump 10 be upstream to limit the through the feed pump 10 drawn fuel quantity.

Die Hochdruckpumpe 14 weist beispielsweise mehrere Pumpenelemente 22 auf, die jeweils einen in einer Zylinderbohrung 24 geführten Pumpenkolben 26 aufweisen, der durch einen Antrieb 28 in einer Hubbewegung angetrieben wird. Durch den Pumpenkolben 26 wird in der Zylinderbohrung 24 ein Pumpenarbeitsraum 30 begrenzt, in den beim Saughub des Pumpenkolbens 26 durch ein Saugventil 32 Kraftstoff angesaugt wird und aus dem beim Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens 26 durch ein Auslaßventil 34 Kraftstoff verdrängt wird. Die Druckseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 ist über eine Leitung 36, zu der von den Pumpenarbeitsräumen 30 der Pumpenelemente 22 abführende Druckleitungen zusammengefaßt sind, mit einem Speicher 38 verbunden. Durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 wird Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck in den Speicher 38 gefördert. Für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor 40 vorgesehen, durch den Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt wird. Jeder Injektor 40 ist über eine Leitung 42 mit dem Speicher 38 verbunden und weist ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil 44 und ein Steuerventil 46 auf. Das Steuerventil 46 wird durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 48 angesteuert und bestimmt die Öffnung des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils 44 zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung.The high pressure pump 14 has, for example, several Pump elements 22, each one in one Have cylinder bore 24 guided pump piston 26, the driven by a drive 28 in one stroke becomes. The pump piston 26 is in the cylinder bore 24 delimits a pump working space 30 into which during the suction stroke the pump piston 26 through a suction valve 32 fuel is sucked in and out of the delivery stroke of the pump piston 26 is displaced by an exhaust valve 34 fuel. The Pressure side of the high pressure pump 14 is via a line 36, to that of the pump work spaces 30 of the pump elements 22 Laxative pressure lines are summarized with a Memory 38 connected. Through the high pressure pump 14 Fuel is pumped into the reservoir 38 under high pressure. For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is an injector 40 provided by the fuel in the combustion chamber of the Cylinder is injected. Each injector 40 is over one Line 42 connected to the memory 38 and has one Fuel injection valve 44 and a control valve 46. The control valve 46 is controlled by an electronic one Control device 48 controls and determines the opening of the fuel injection valve 44 for Fuel injection.

In der Verbindung 49 zwischen der Druckseite der Förderpumpe 10 und der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 ist eine Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 50 angeordnet, die ein elektrisch betätigtes Regelventil 52 aufweist, durch das der Durchflußquerschnitt von der Förderpumpe 10 zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 kontinuierlich veränderbar ist zwischen einem maximalen Durchflußquerschnitt und einem minimalen Durchflußquerschnitt, der zumindest annähernd Null ist. Das Regelventil 52 weist einen Aktor 54, beispielsweise in Form eines Elektromagneten auf, der durch die Steuereinrichtung 48 abhängig von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine angesteuert wird, derart, daß der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 eine vorgegebene Kraftstoffmenge zugeführt wird und somit durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 eine vorgegebene Kraftstoffmenge in den Speicher 38 gefördert wird.In connection 49 between the pressure side of the feed pump 10 and the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 is one Fuel metering device 50 is arranged which is electrically actuated control valve 52 through which the Flow cross section from the feed pump 10 to High pressure pump 14 is continuously variable between a maximum flow area and a minimum Flow cross-section that is at least approximately zero. The Control valve 52 has an actuator 54, for example in the form of an electromagnet by the control device 48 depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine is controlled such that the suction side of the High pressure pump 14 supplied with a predetermined amount of fuel is and thus a predetermined by the high pressure pump 14 Amount of fuel is fed into the memory 38.

Von der Verbindung 49 zwischen der Druckseite der Förderpumpe 10 und der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 führt stromaufwärts vor der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 50 eine Bypassverbindung 56 ab. In der Bypassverbindung 56 ist ein Druckventil 58 angeordnet, durch das eine Verbindung 60 zum Antrieb 28 der Hochdruckpumpe 14 gesteuert wird. Über die Verbindung 60 wird dem Antrieb 28 Kraftstoff zu dessen Schmierung zugeführt. Durch das Druckventil 58 wird die Verbindung 60 zum Antrieb 28 erst bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Druckes freigegeben, so daß bei geringem Druck, insbesondere beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine, zunächst kein Kraftstoff für die Schmierung des Antriebs 28 abgezweigt wird, sondern die gesamte durch die Förderpumpe 10 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge der Hochdruckpumpe 14 zugeführt wird. Stromabwärts nach dem Druckventil 58 ist in der Vebrindung 60 eine Drosselstelle 62 angeordnet, um den Durchfluß von Kraftstoff zum Antrieb 28 zu begrenzen. Parallel zu der Verbindung 60 ist in der Bypassverbindung 56 eine weitere Verbindung 64 zum Antrieb 28 vorgesehen, in der eine weitere Drosselstelle 66 angeordnet ist. Die Verbindung 64 mit der Drosselstelle 66 ermöglicht eine Entlüftung, so daß der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 nur Kraftstoff zugeführt wird und eventuell vorhandene Luft in den Antrieb 28 entweichen kann.From the connection 49 between the pressure side of the Feed pump 10 and the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 leads upstream of the fuel metering device 50 a Bypass connection 56 from. In the bypass connection 56 is a Pressure valve 58 arranged through which a connection 60 to Drive 28 of the high pressure pump 14 is controlled. About the Connection 60 becomes fuel for the drive 28 Lubrication supplied. Through the pressure valve 58 Connection 60 to drive 28 only when one is exceeded predetermined pressure released so that at low pressure, especially when starting the internal combustion engine, initially no fuel for the lubrication of the drive 28 is branched off, but the entire through the feed pump 10 amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 14 is fed. Downstream after the pressure valve 58 is in the connection 60 a throttle point 62 is arranged around the Limit fuel flow to drive 28. The bypass connection 56 is parallel to the connection 60 a further connection 64 to the drive 28 is provided in the a further throttle point 66 is arranged. The connection 64 with the throttle point 66 enables ventilation, so that the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 only fuel is supplied and any air present in the drive 28 can escape.

Stromabwärts nach der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 50 führt von der Verbindung 49 der Druckseite der Förderpumpe 10 mit der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 eine weitere Verbindung 70 zu einem Entlastungsbereich ab, der die Saugseite der Förderpumpe 10 sein kann. In der Verbindung 70 ist eine Drosselstelle 72 angeordnet. Unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere im Schubbetrieb, darf durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 kein Kraftstoff in den Speicher 38 gefördert werden und somit darf der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 kein Kraftstoff zugeführt werden. Unter Umständen kann nicht sichergestellt werden, daß durch die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 50 der Durchflußquerschnitt der Verbindung 49 vollständig verschlossen wird, so daß noch Kraftstoff zur Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 gelangt. Die Verbindung 70 dient dazu, in diesem Fall den Kraftstoff von der Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe 14 abzuführen, so daß dieser nicht durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 angesaugt wird. Durch die Drosselstelle 72 wird die abfließende Kraftstoffmenge begrenzt.Downstream after the fuel meter 50 leads from the connection 49 of the pressure side of the feed pump 10 the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 another connection 70 to a relief area that the suction side of the Feed pump 10 can be. In connection 70 is one Throttle point 72 arranged. Under certain Operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, especially in Thrust operation, may not by the high pressure pump 14 Fuel are pumped into the memory 38 and thus the suction side of the high pressure pump 14 must not have any fuel are fed. May not be guaranteed be that by the fuel metering 50 Flow cross-section of the connection 49 completely is closed so that there is still fuel to the suction side of the High pressure pump 14 arrives. The connection 70 serves in in this case the fuel from the suction side of the To discharge high pressure pump 14 so that it does not pass through the High pressure pump 14 is sucked. Through the throttle point 72 the outflowing fuel quantity is limited.

Der Druck im Speicher 38 wird mittels eines Drucksensors 74 erfaßt, der mit der Steuereinrichtung 48 verbunden ist. Der Druck im Speicher 38 ist durch ein Druckregelventil 76 veränderbar, durch das ein Ablauf 78 vom Speicher 38 zu einem Entlastungsbereich gesteuert wird, als der zumindest mittelbar der Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 dienen kann. Der Ablauf 78 ist mit einer in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 mündenden Ablaufleitung 79 verbunden. Das Druckregelventil 76 wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 48 angesteuert und kann beispielsweise als 2/2-Wegeventil ausgebildet sein, das zwischen einer geöffneten und einer geschlossenen Stellung umschaltbar ist, oder als Proportionalventil, durch das ein Durchflußquerschnitt im Ablauf 78 verändert wird. Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß im Schubbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, wenn keine Kraftstoffeinspritzung durch die Injektoren 40 erfolgt und durch die Hochdruckpumpe 14 kein Kraftstoff in den Speicher 38 gefördert wird, durch das Druckregelventil 76 Kraftstoff aus dem Speicher 38 abgesteuert wird, der durch den Ablauf in den Entlastungsbereich gelangt, so daß der Druck im Speicher 38 reduziert wird.The pressure in the accumulator 38 is measured by means of a pressure sensor 74 detected, which is connected to the control device 48. The Pressure in the accumulator 38 is through a pressure control valve 76 changeable by which a flow 78 from the memory 38 to a relief area is controlled than at least indirectly the fuel tank 12 can serve. The Drain 78 is in the fuel reservoir 12 opening drain line 79 connected. The pressure control valve 76 is controlled by the control device 48 and can be designed as a 2/2-way valve, for example between an open and a closed position is switchable, or as a proportional valve through which a Flow cross section in the process 78 is changed. It can be provided that in the overrun mode of the internal combustion engine, if there is no fuel injection by injectors 40 takes place and no fuel in by the high pressure pump 14 the memory 38 is promoted by the pressure control valve 76 fuel is diverted from the memory 38, the through the drain in the relief area, so that the pressure in the accumulator 38 is reduced.

Von den Injektoren 40 führt ein Rücklauf 80 ab, durch den von den Injektoren 40 nicht eingespritzter Kraftstoff und durch die Steuerventile 44 abgesteuerter Kraftstoff in einen Entlastungsbereich abgeführt wird. Von der Hochdruckpumpe 14 führt ebenfalls ein Rücklauf 82 für Kraftstoff in einen Entlastungsbereich ab, durch den der zur Schmierung den Antrieb 28 durchströmende Kraftstoff und gegebenenfalls infolge Leckage an den Pumpenelementen 22 austretender Kraftstoff abgeleitet wird. Der Rücklauf 80 der Injektoren 40 und der Rücklauf 82 der Hochdruckpumpe 14 sind zu einer gemeinsamen Rücklaufleitung 84 zusammengefaßt, die in einen Zulauf 77 oder in den Ablauf 78 des Druckregelventils 76 mündet. In der Rücklaufleitung 84 ist stromaufwärts vor deren Mündung in das Druckregelventil 76 eine Drosselstelle 86 angeordnet. Die Drosselstelle 86 ist in ihrer Dimensionierung auf die optimale Funktion der Injektoren 40 und der Hochdruckpumpe 14 ausgelegt. Die durch das Druckregelventil 76 aus dem Speicher 38 abgesteuerte Kraftstoffmenge durchströmt nicht die Drosselstelle 86 und braucht somit bei der Auslegung der Dimensionierung der Drosselstelle 86 nicht berücksichtigt zu werden. Der Ablauf 78 und die Ablaufleitung 79 können mit relativ großem Querschnitt ausgeführt werden, um auch eine relativ große durch das Druckregelventil 76 abgesteuerte Kraftstoffmenge abführen zu können, ohne daß ein hoher Gegendruck in der Ablaufleitung 79 entsteht. Alternativ zu der vorstehend erläuterten Ausführung kann auch wie in Figur 1 gestrichelt dargestellt vorgesehen sein, daß die gemeinsame Rücklaufleitung 84 bis in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 geführt ist oder in die Ablaufleitung 79 des Druckregelventils 76 mündet.A return 80 leads from the injectors 40, through which fuel not injected from injectors 40 and fuel diverted by the control valves 44 into one Discharge area is discharged. From the high pressure pump 14 also leads a return 82 for fuel into one Relief area through which the for lubrication Drive 28 fuel flowing through and optionally escaping due to leakage at the pump elements 22 Fuel is derived. The return 80 of the injectors 40 and the return 82 of the high pressure pump 14 are one common return line 84 summarized in one Inlet 77 or in the outlet 78 of the pressure control valve 76 empties. In the return line 84 is upstream whose mouth into the pressure control valve 76 is a throttle point 86 arranged. The throttle point 86 is in hers Dimensioning for the optimal function of the injectors 40 and the high pressure pump 14 designed. The through that Pressure control valve 76 controlled from the memory 38 The amount of fuel does not flow through the throttle point 86 and thus needs when designing the dimensioning of the Throttle point 86 not to be taken into account. The sequence 78 and drain line 79 can be of a relatively large size Cross-section to be run also a relatively large fuel quantity controlled by the pressure control valve 76 to be able to dissipate without a high back pressure in the Drain line 79 is formed. Alternatively to the above The embodiment explained can also be dashed as in FIG. 1 shown to be provided that the common Return line 84 to the fuel tank 12 is performed or in the drain line 79 of the Pressure control valve 76 opens.

Die von den Injektoren 40 und der Hochdruckpumpe 14 kommende Rücklaufmenge an Kraftstoff fließt zusammen mit der gegebenenfalls durch das Druckregelventil 76 abgesteuerte Kraftstoffmenge über den Ablauf 78 und die Ablaufleitung 79 in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 zurück. Das Druckregelventil 76 wird ständig von der Kraftstoffrücklaufmenge der Injektoren 40 und der Hochdruckpumpe 14 durchströmt, auch wenn durch das Druckregelventil 76 selbst kein Kraftstoff aus dem Speicher 38 abgesteuert wird, und dadurch gekühlt.The coming from the injectors 40 and the high pressure pump 14 Return flow of fuel flows together with the optionally controlled by the pressure control valve 76 Fuel quantity via the drain 78 and the drain line 79 back into the fuel tank 12. The Pressure control valve 76 is constantly from the Fuel return amount of the injectors 40 and High pressure pump 14 flows through, even if by the Pressure control valve 76 itself has no fuel from the accumulator 38 is shut down, and thereby cooled.

In Figur 2 ist die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ausschnittsweise gemäß einer modifizierten Ausführung dargestellt, bei der der grundsätzliche Aufbau gleich ist wie vorstehend zur Figur 1 beschrieben. Der Rücklauf 80 der Injektoren 40 und der Rücklauf 82 der Hochdruckpumpe 14 münden dabei in ein Y-förmiges Leitungsstück 88, das auch die Drosselstelle 86 enthalten kann, und von dem die gemeinsame Rücklaufleitung 84 abführt, die über das Druckregelventil 76 oder direkt zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 geführt sein kann.In Figure 2 is the fuel injector excerpts according to a modified version shown, in which the basic structure is the same as described above for Figure 1. The return 80 of the Injectors 40 and the return 82 of the high pressure pump 14 open into a Y-shaped line piece 88, which also may include throttle 86, and of which the common return line 84 discharges through the Pressure control valve 76 or directly to Fuel tank 24 can be performed.

In Figur 3 ist die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ausschnittsweise gemäß einer weiteren modifizierten Ausführung dargestellt, bei der der grundsätzliche Aufbau wiederum gleich ist wie vorstehend zur Figur 1 beschrieben. Der Rücklauf 80 der Injektoren 40 ist dabei zur Hochdruckpumpe 14 geführt und mündet dort in den Rücklauf 82 der Hochdruckpumpe 14. Von der Hochdruckpumpe 14 führt die gemeinsame Rücklaufleitung 84 zum Druckregelventil 76 und mündet in dessen Zulauf 77. Die Drosselstelle 86 ist dabei vorzugsweise an der Hochdruckpumpe 14, beispielsweise in einem Anschlußstück 87 an dieser angeordnet.In Figure 3 is the fuel injector excerpts according to another modified Execution shown in which the basic structure is again the same as described above for FIG. 1. The return 80 of the injectors 40 is for High-pressure pump 14 out and there flows into the return 82nd the high pressure pump 14. From the high pressure pump 14 leads common return line 84 to the pressure control valve 76 and opens into its inlet 77. The throttle point 86 is there preferably on the high pressure pump 14, for example in a connector 87 arranged thereon.

Die vorstehend erläuterten Ausbildungen der Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ermöglichen ein sogenanntes 2-Regler-Konzept, bei dem sowohl mittels der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 50 durch eine Saugregelung der Hochdruckpumpe 14 als auch mittels des Druckregelventils 76 eine Regelung des Drucks im Speicher 38 erfolgen kann.The training of the Fuel injection device enable a so-called 2-controller concept, in which both by means of Fuel metering device 50 by suction control of the High pressure pump 14 and by means of the pressure control valve 76 the pressure in the accumulator 38 can be regulated.

Claims (5)

Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Hochdruckpumpe (14), durch die Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck in einen Speicher (38) gefördert wird, mit einer Förderpumpe (10), durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) zur Saugseite der Hochdruckpumpe (14) gefördert wird, wobei mit dem Speicher (38) an Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnete Injektoren (40) verbunden sind, durch die Kraftstoff an der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wird und von denen ein Rücklauf (80) für nicht eingespritzten Kraftstoff zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) führt, mit einem Rücklauf (82) für Kraftstoff von der Hochdruckpumpe (14) zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) und mit einem elektrisch betätigten Druckregelventil (76), durch das über einen Ablauf (78) Kraftstoff aus dem Speicher (38) zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) abgesteuert werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rücklauf (80) der Injektoren (40) und der Rücklauf (82) der Hochdruckpumpe (14) in eine gemeinsame Rücklaufleitung (84) münden, die zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) mündet und daß in der Rücklaufleitung (84) eine Drosselstelle (86) angeordnet ist und daß der Ablauf (78) des Druckregelventils (76) über eine Ablaufleitung (79) zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) mündet. Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine with a high-pressure pump (14), through which fuel is delivered under high pressure into a reservoir (38), with a feed pump (10), through which fuel is delivered from a fuel reservoir (12) to the suction side of the high-pressure pump (14) , Injectors (40) arranged on cylinders of the internal combustion engine are connected to the memory (38), through which fuel is injected at the internal combustion engine and from which a return (80) for non-injected fuel leads at least indirectly into the fuel reservoir (12), with a return (82) for fuel from the high pressure pump (14) at least indirectly into the fuel reservoir (12) and with an electrically operated pressure control valve (76) through which fuel from the reservoir (38) is at least indirectly fed through an outlet (78) the fuel tank (12) can be shut off, characterized in that the back Return (80) of the injectors (40) and the return (82) of the high pressure pump (14) open into a common return line (84) which at least indirectly opens into the fuel tank (12) and that a throttle point (84) in the return line (84) 86) is arranged and that the outlet (78) of the pressure control valve (76) opens at least indirectly into the fuel tank (12) via an outlet line (79). Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rücklauf (80) der Injektoren (40) zur Hochdruckpumpe (14) geführt ist und von dieser die gemeinsame Rücklaufleitung (84) abführt.Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the return (80) of the injectors (40) is led to the high-pressure pump (14) and from there the common return line (84) is discharged. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rücklaufleitung (84) in eine mit dem Ablauf (78) des Druckregelventils (76) verbundene, zumindest mittelbar in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (12) mündende Ablaufleitung (79) mündet.Fuel injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the return line (84) opens into an outlet line (79) which is connected to the outlet (78) of the pressure control valve (76) and opens at least indirectly into the fuel reservoir (12). Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß.die Rücklaufleitung (84) am Druckregelventil (76) in einen Zulauf (77) oder in dessen Ablauf (78) mündet.Fuel injection device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the return line (84) on the pressure control valve (76) opens into an inlet (77) or into the outlet (78) thereof. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei vorgebenen Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere im Schubbetrieb, durch das Druckregelventil (76) Kraftstoff aus dem Speicher (38) abgesteuert wird.Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, under specified operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, in particular in overrun mode, fuel is shut off from the accumulator (38) by the pressure control valve (76).
EP03009123A 2002-04-23 2003-04-22 Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP1361359B1 (en)

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DE10218023A DE10218023A1 (en) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine has return lines from injectors and high pressure pump opening into common return line, pressure regulating valve outlet opening into fuel tank
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WO2008025597A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection device for a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine
WO2009024447A1 (en) * 2007-08-23 2009-02-26 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injection system for an internal combustion engine

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EP1798409A3 (en) * 2005-12-14 2007-12-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injection system for a combustion engine
WO2008025597A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection device for a multiple-cylinder internal combustion engine
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