EP1360259A1 - Procede de fabrication d'un materiau a changement de phase, quasi-incompressible, fluidifie sous cisaillement et a faible conductivite thermique - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication d'un materiau a changement de phase, quasi-incompressible, fluidifie sous cisaillement et a faible conductivite thermiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP1360259A1 EP1360259A1 EP02701389A EP02701389A EP1360259A1 EP 1360259 A1 EP1360259 A1 EP 1360259A1 EP 02701389 A EP02701389 A EP 02701389A EP 02701389 A EP02701389 A EP 02701389A EP 1360259 A1 EP1360259 A1 EP 1360259A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- pcm
- change material
- material according
- pipes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- QPFYXYFORQJZEC-FOCLMDBBSA-N Phenazopyridine Chemical class NC1=NC(N)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=CC=C1 QPFYXYFORQJZEC-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 17
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 12
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002135 phase contrast microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N (1S,4R)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical group CC=C1C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical class CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVEPFOUZABPRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CVEPFOUZABPRMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBIJLHTVPXGSAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 JBIJLHTVPXGSAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PLOYJEGLPVCRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;prop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.OC(=O)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PLOYJEGLPVCRAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002193 fatty amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006113 non-polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006112 polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006250 telechelic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/0052—Preparation of gels
- B01J13/0065—Preparation of gels containing an organic phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a material based on phase change materials (PCM), quasi-incompressible and having a low thermal conductivity, as well as the product obtained by the process and applications.
- the material has the characteristic of being able to be fluidized under shear, then to gel at rest.
- the material according to the invention can be used as thermal insulator in many fields, in particular for the thermal insulation of conduits or pipes where fluids which are susceptible to significant changes of state under the influence of temperature circulate: crystallization of paraffins, deposits hydrates, ice creams, etc.
- the thermal insulation can be carried out by various methods. On land or in low immersion, porous cellular or woolly solid materials are used blocking the convection of gases with low thermal conductivity. The compressibility of these porous materials prohibits the use of this technique at a relatively high depth.
- Another known technique consists in wrapping the pipe with a first layer of a porous material soaked in paraffin for example, the coefficient of thermal insulation of which is lower than those obtained with the gas trapping technique mentioned above, and a second layer of refractory material enhancing the effect of the first layer.
- a solution cannot be used in water.
- syntactic materials consisting of hollow balls containing a gas and resistant to external pressure, embedded in binders such as concrete, epoxy resin, etc., whose conductivity is lower than that of compact materials but which are significantly more expensive.
- an external pipe resistant to hydrostatic pressure.
- Phase change materials behave like heat accumulators. They restore this energy during their solidification (crystallization) or absorb this energy during their fusion and this, in a reversible manner. These materials can therefore make it possible to increase the duration of production stoppages without risking clogging of the pipes by premature cooling of their contents.
- phase change materials mention may be made of chemical compounds of the family of alkanes C n H 2n + 2] such as for example n-paraffins (C 12 to C 60 ), which exhibit a good compromise thermal and thermodynamic properties (melting temperature, latent heat of fusion, thermal conductivity, heat capacity) and cost. These compounds are thermally stable in the range of envisaged use temperatures and they are compatible with use in a marine environment because of their insolubility in water and their very low level of toxicity, they are therefore for example well suited to thermal insulation of deep sea pipes.
- phase change materials The temperature of change of state of these phase change materials is linked to the number of carbon in the hydrocarbon chain and is therefore adaptable to a particular application.
- a phase change around 30 ° C. it is possible for example to use a mixture of paraffins predominantly in 8 such as Linpar 18-20 sold by the company CONDEA Augusta S. p. AT..
- phase change materials are in the liquid phase and their viscosity is low.
- a thickening agent such as silica to solidify them and prevent leaks.
- Phase change materials also have the disadvantage that their liquid state promotes thermal losses by convection.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to manufacture a material or product based on quasi-incompressible phase change materials (PCM) having a low thermal conductivity at a temperature above their melting temperature Tf and fluidized under shear.
- PCM quasi-incompressible phase change materials
- It comprises the combination, with a phase change material, of a texturing agent chosen to very greatly reduce thermal convection at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the phase change material.
- the texturing agent is dissolved in the PCM in question so as to give the phase change material a gel consistency once the material is at rest.
- the texturing agent is chosen so that it has the function of fluidification under shear. Thus, the flow of material in a tank, or a pipe can be done more easily, in particular by pumping or pouring. Once in place, the texturing agent gels the material in the place where its primary function as thermal insulator is sought.
- the product may optionally include antioxidants or antibacterial agents, corrosion inhibitors or an insoluble filler intended to adjust its density or thermal conductivity, additives intended to improve its stability or a solvent intended to control viscosity.
- the product according to the invention finds applications for thermal insulation in general. It can be applied in particular for the thermal insulation of hydrocarbon transport pipes, where it is used as a direct or interposed (injected) coating between the pipes and an external protective envelope.
- thermal insulation in general. It can be applied in particular for the thermal insulation of hydrocarbon transport pipes, where it is used as a direct or interposed (injected) coating between the pipes and an external protective envelope.
- the manufacturing process as we have seen, consists in dissolving, in a phase change material (hereinafter PCM), a texturing agent chosen to increase the viscosity of the PCM and decrease the thermal convection of the PCM to 1 liquid state, so as to form an insulating substance with blocked convection having a gelled consistency at rest, and fluidized under shear.
- PCM phase change material
- the liquid component constituting the continuous phase, can be a mixture of chemical compounds of the family of alkanes C n H 2n + 2 such as for example paraffins (C 12 to C 6 o) or waxes, normal paraffins, very weakly branched long chain isoparaffins (C 0 - C 0 (1 or 2 branches), branched long chain alkylcycloalkanes or branched long chain alkylaromatics, fatty alcohols or fatty acids.
- the liquid component represents from 60% to 99.99% of the mass of the product, the complement being the texturing agent.
- the texturing agent is:
- high-mass polymer molecular weight by weight of the order of 25,000 to 2 million g / mole: hydrocarbon polymers, polymers of esters or ethers or mixed polymers;
- the ionomer polymers are macromolecules with a molecular mass of between 1000 and 5 million, preferably between 20,000 and 1 million g / mole, which contain a small percentage of ionic groups (between 0.005% and 10% by mole, preferably between 0.01 % and 5% and more preferably between 0.2% and 3%) chemically bonded and distributed along the nonionic polymer chains. These polymers are obtained:
- a monomer functionalized with a hydrophobic monomer such as an olefin. (for example: acrylic or methacrylic acid with ethylene).
- Block copolymers are thermoplastic elastomers in which the polymer chains have a di-block, tri-block, or multi-block configuration.
- the tri-block copolymers have polystyrene (S) segments at the ends of the molecule (preferably close to 30% by mass) and an elastomer segment in its center.
- S polystyrene
- the di-block molecule simply has a polystyrene segment attached to an elastomer segment.
- the configuration and the molecular mass vary with the grade of the copolymer (the molecular mass of the polystyrene will preferably be between 5000 and 30,000 g / mol and that of the elastomer will be approximately 5000 g / mol).
- the strong interactions between the high-mass polymer and the PCM allow penetration of the PCM molecules into the polymer macromolecules. These having very large dimensions in solution, they intermingle by slowing the flow of the PCM layers to which they belong, which produces an increase in the viscosity of the composition.
- the ionic groups distributed along the chains form, by association of pairs of intermolecular ions, aggregates rich in ions.
- the aggregates formed have the consequence of increasing, in a semi-diluted regime, the viscosity of the solution compared to the same uncharged polymer of equivalent molar mass.
- the block copolymer is dissolved in the PCM by softening the polystyrene segments under the effect of temperature. The molecules are then free to move when a shear is applied. Polystyrene and elastomeric blocks are thermodynamically incompatible. Thus, the polystyrene segments at the end of the chain combine to form polystyrene domains. The elastomeric segments form separate domains. Above a critical copolymer concentration, tri-block rubbers form PCM gels with elastic behavior (cohesive gels), while di-block rubbers tend to form "greases".
- PCM-CB blocked convection phase change material
- the rate of charged groups eg for anionic: carboxylate, sulfonate, phenate, salicylate, phosphonate
- type of counterion eg for anionic: cations: amine, metal, monovalent, multivalent, ...
- compositions The PCMs with blocked convection can be formed by dissolution: la) of hydrocarbon polymers (apolar) such as polyisobutylenes or polyisobutenes (PIB); polymers of ethylene, propylene or higher carbons; copolymers of ethylene, propylene or higher carbons and their derivatives; linear, tri-block (e.g. styrene-etylene-butadiene-styrene) copolymers based on conjugated dienes (hydrogenated polybutadiene, copolymers of hydrogenated butadiene-hydrogenated styrene, hydrogenated ethylene-butadiene and hydrogenated isoprene-styrene) from home
- hydrocarbon polymers apolar
- PIB polyisobutenes
- ester polymers such as polyalkyl acrylates; polymethyl alkyl methacrylates; maleates and fumarates; itaconates; le) of mixed ester-hydrocarbon polymers such as olefin copolymers combined with esters (OCP-esters); alkyl acrylate or methacrylate - styrene polymers; alkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers - ⁇ olefins or polyolefins.
- ester polymers polar
- OCP-esters mixed ester-hydrocarbon polymers
- alkyl acrylate or methacrylate - styrene polymers alkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers - ⁇ olefins or polyolefins.
- polymers can be used alone or as a mixture (mixture of polyisobutene and hydrogenated diene-styrene, olefin polymers or copolymers, hydrogenated dienes-styrene with ester polymers or copolymers, etc.) and can be functionalized with polar patterns such as imides, succimides, vinylpyrolidone, etc.
- the blocked convection PCMs can also be formed by dissolving ionomeric polymers such as (generally the ionic polymer is neutralized by a metallic or arganometallic counterion):
- the ionic groups can be anionic (carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphonate, thioglyconate group), cationic (ammonium or pyridium salts, alkaline (Na, K) or alkaline-ferrous (Mg, Ca, Ba)), or amphoteric, or zwitterioniques (example: carboxylbétaine).
- the main known industrial ionomers are those comprising carboxylate or sulfonate groups.
- the following list is not exhaustive: - Carboxylated Ionomers: Copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid;
- Carboxylated elastomers polymers composed of monomers containing a carboxylic acid (generally acrylic or methacrylic acid) and monomers used to form elastomers. These are, for example, polymers of styrene-butadiene-acrylic acid, butadiene-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid, butadiene-acrylic acid, etc.; Perfluorocarboxylated Ionomers; - Sulfonated Ionomers:
- sulphonated EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymers
- a preferred diene is 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB);
- - Sulfonated elastomers polymers composed of sulfonated monomers
- the sulfonated elastomers are derived from the elastomeric polymers chosen from the group consisting of copolymers of isoprene and sulfonated styrene, copolymers of chloroprene and sulfonated styrene, copolymers of isoprene and butadiene, copolymers of styrene and sulfonated styrene, butadiene and sulfonated styrene copolymers, butadiene and styrene copolymers, isoprene, styrene and sulfonated styrene terpolymers, butadiene, styrene and sulfonated styrene terpolymers, butyl rubber, partially hydrogen
- the ionomeric polymer can be added to the PCM at concentrations varying between 0.01 to 10%, and preferably from 0.1 to 3% by mass relative to the total mass.
- Antioxidant additives can be added either during processing if the temperature is high (eg Irganox 1010 from Ciba), or when the product (PCM with blocked convection) is subjected to a temperature rise in service.
- the most frequently encountered are phenolic derivatives (dibutylparacresol, etc.), phenolic derivatives containing sulfur and aromatic amines (phenyl ⁇ or ⁇ naphthylamine or alkylated amino diphenyls).
- c) corrosion inhibitors cl) soluble in liquid PCM, consist of chemical compounds of a polar nature which are easily adsorbed on the metal surface forming a hydrophobic film (amines or fatty amides and derivatives, alkali sulfonates- earthy, etc.); c2) soluble in water and acting by passivation of the water phase (sodium nitrite for example).
- Insoluble fillers such as hollow glass microbeads, fly ash, macrobeads, hollow fibers, clay compounds, etc., will advantageously be added to the PCM-CB to adjust its density and / or its thermal conductivity.
- hydrocarbons of petroleum origin such as hydrocarbon solvents, distillation cups, predominantly aromatic, naphthenic or paraffmic oils obtained by solvent extraction processes or by processes of deep hydrotreating, solvents or sections obtained by the hydroisomerization process of paraffinic extracts of petroleum origin or of synthesis of Fischer Tropsch type, solvents and compounds obtained by synthesis, such as for example oxygenated compounds of ester type, synthetic hydrocarbons such as hydrogenated polyolefins, etc.
- a PCM co-solvent can also be used to control and adjust the influence of temperature on viscosity.
- PCM blocked convection material typically consists of 60 to 99.99% liquid PCM and a texturing agent in addition. Additives ( ⁇ 10%), fillers (5 to 60%) and solvents (0.2 to 20%) may be added.
- PCM materials with blocked convection which have been described can be used for example for the thermal insulation of subsea pipes.
- the device comprises an outer coating composed of an almost incompressible liquid / solid phase change (PCM) material having an intermediate melting temperature between the temperature of the effluents flowing in the pipe (s) and the temperature of the outside medium, and an absorbent matrix surrounding as close as possible to the pipe (s).
- PCM liquid / solid phase change
- the external coating made up of the matrix impregnated with PCM described in the previous document can here be advantageously replaced by one of the PCMs with blocked convection which have just been described, with as a result an improvement in the thermal insulation of the pipes. and a simplification of the positioning operations around the pipe or pipes, for example by pumping at a temperature above the melting temperature Tf, very appreciable when the assembly of pipes to be isolated is complex. Pumping is facilitated in that under shear, the viscosity of the material decreases.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0101892 | 2001-02-07 | ||
| FR0101892A FR2820426B1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 | 2001-02-07 | Gel d'isolation thermique a reticulation controlee pour les lignes de transport d'hydrocarbures petroliers |
| FR0101770 | 2001-02-09 | ||
| FR0101770A FR2820752B1 (fr) | 2001-02-09 | 2001-02-09 | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau a changement de phase, quasi-incompressible, fluidifie sous cisaillement a faible conductivite thermique |
| PCT/FR2002/000405 WO2002062918A1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 | 2002-02-04 | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau a changement de phase, quasi-incompressible, fluidifie sous cisaillement et a faible conductivite thermique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1360259A1 true EP1360259A1 (fr) | 2003-11-12 |
Family
ID=26212872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02701389A Withdrawn EP1360259A1 (fr) | 2001-02-07 | 2002-02-04 | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau a changement de phase, quasi-incompressible, fluidifie sous cisaillement et a faible conductivite thermique |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7320770B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1360259A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1491270A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR0207031A (fr) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03007041A (fr) |
| OA (1) | OA13297A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002062918A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10303334A1 (de) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-12 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zusammensetzung zur kontrollierten Temperierung durch Phasenwechsel, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
| FR2853388B1 (fr) * | 2003-04-01 | 2005-12-30 | Coflexip | Conduite tubulaire flexible a double enveloppe calorifugee pour le transport d'hydrocarbures |
| GB0312781D0 (en) | 2003-06-04 | 2003-07-09 | Ythan Environmental Services L | Method |
| US20060231150A1 (en) * | 2005-04-14 | 2006-10-19 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods and apparatus to reduce heat transfer from fluids in conduits |
| CN100436563C (zh) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-11-26 | 沈阳建筑大学 | 松香-氯化钙相变蓄能材料的制作方法 |
| FR2957348B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-10 | 2012-03-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Composition et methode de gelification d'un materiau a changement de phase |
| US9598622B2 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-03-21 | Cold Chain Technologies, Inc. | Gel comprising a phase-change material, method of preparing the gel, thermal exchange implement comprising the gel, and method of preparing the thermal exchange implement |
| US9556373B2 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2017-01-31 | Cold Chain Technologies, Inc. | Gel comprising a phase-change material, method of preparing the gel, and thermal exchange implement comprising the gel |
| WO2015148748A1 (fr) | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Cold Chain Technologies, Inc. | Gel comprenant un matériau à changement de phase, procédé de préparation dudit gel, et ustensile d'échange thermique comprenant le gel |
| CN110234922A (zh) | 2017-01-30 | 2019-09-13 | 斯维兹波尔管理股份公司 | 用于保持流体介质温度的方法 |
| WO2019014215A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-10 | 2019-01-17 | Entropy Solutions Inc. | Systèmes de stockage d'énergie thermique à forme stable et leurs procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation |
| GB2578987B (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2023-02-08 | Rogers Corp | Fusible phase-change powders for thermal management, methods of manufacture thereof, and articles containing the powders |
| GB201715950D0 (en) | 2017-10-02 | 2017-11-15 | Croda Int Plc | Gel composition comprising a phase change material |
| US11162744B2 (en) | 2018-01-08 | 2021-11-02 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Heat sink phase change material |
| GB2576072B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2022-09-07 | Rogers Corp | Thermal Management Phase-Change Composition, Methods of Manufacture Thereof and Articles Containing the Composition |
| KR20200038395A (ko) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-13 | 오씨아이 주식회사 | 잠열 저장용 조성물 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT308994B (de) | 1968-06-06 | 1973-07-25 | Accessair Sa | Lockenwickler |
| CH617716A5 (fr) * | 1975-04-28 | 1980-06-13 | Ciba Geigy Ag | |
| JPS5790083A (en) | 1980-11-22 | 1982-06-04 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Heat insulation medium |
| DE3543089A1 (de) * | 1985-12-05 | 1987-06-11 | Siemens Ag | Vorrichtung zur umsetzung von in einer speicherschicht getragenen strahlenbildinformationen in eine elektrische signalfolge |
| JPH02176299A (ja) | 1988-12-28 | 1990-07-09 | Tooa Tomiji Kk | 蓄熱管 |
| US5007478A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-04-16 | University Of Miami | Microencapsulated phase change material slurry heat sinks |
| US5370814A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1994-12-06 | The University Of Dayton | Dry powder mixes comprising phase change materials |
| JPH0532964A (ja) | 1991-07-26 | 1993-02-09 | Cosmo Sogo Kenkyusho:Kk | 蓄熱材 |
| US5637389A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1997-06-10 | Colvin; David P. | Thermally enhanced foam insulation |
| US5709740A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-01-20 | Hoechst Celanese Corp. | Thermally expandable, viscosity modified wax compositions and method of use in actuators |
| ZA974977B (en) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-30 | Univ Dayton | Gel compositions for thermal energy storage. |
| US6000438A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-12-14 | Mcdermott Technology, Inc. | Phase change insulation for subsea flowlines |
| FR2788100B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-31 | 2001-04-06 | Bouygues Offshore | Dispositif et procede d'isolation thermique d'au moins une conduite sous marine a grande profondeur |
| US6132665A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-10-17 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Compositions and methods for selective deposition modeling |
| US6652705B1 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2003-11-25 | Power Devices, Inc. | Graphitic allotrope interface composition and method of fabricating the same |
| FR2823994B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-27 | 2003-05-30 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de fabrication de microcapsules par polycondensation interfaciale avec de la polyoxyalkyneamine et des chlorures d'acide |
-
2002
- 2002-02-04 MX MXPA03007041A patent/MXPA03007041A/es unknown
- 2002-02-04 US US10/466,930 patent/US7320770B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-02-04 WO PCT/FR2002/000405 patent/WO2002062918A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-02-04 CN CNA028046595A patent/CN1491270A/zh active Pending
- 2002-02-04 EP EP02701389A patent/EP1360259A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-02-04 BR BR0207031-6A patent/BR0207031A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-02-04 OA OA1200300196A patent/OA13297A/fr unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO02062918A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040092626A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| US7320770B2 (en) | 2008-01-22 |
| MXPA03007041A (es) | 2004-01-15 |
| BR0207031A (pt) | 2004-02-17 |
| OA13297A (fr) | 2007-04-13 |
| CN1491270A (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
| WO2002062918A1 (fr) | 2002-08-15 |
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