EP1355015B1 - Method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element - Google Patents

Method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1355015B1
EP1355015B1 EP03076101A EP03076101A EP1355015B1 EP 1355015 B1 EP1355015 B1 EP 1355015B1 EP 03076101 A EP03076101 A EP 03076101A EP 03076101 A EP03076101 A EP 03076101A EP 1355015 B1 EP1355015 B1 EP 1355015B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall element
self
glue
supporting
lintel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03076101A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1355015A1 (en
Inventor
Rudy Van Reeth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wienerberger Bricks NV
Original Assignee
Wienerberger Bricks NV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wienerberger Bricks NV filed Critical Wienerberger Bricks NV
Publication of EP1355015A1 publication Critical patent/EP1355015A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1355015B1 publication Critical patent/EP1355015B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0832—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/0853—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall
    • E04F13/0855—Separate fastening elements without load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements adjustable perpendicular to the wall adjustable in several directions, one of which is perpendicular to the wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, in which bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are attached to one another.
  • a disadvantage of this cured adhesive formulation is however that it is inflammable and sensitive to acid and to UV. Therefore, in buildings, a self-supporting wall element as in De 297 23 902 should be used in combination with flame retardants and should never be used as outside house front elements, where they are endured with acid rainwater and UV-light.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction being glued to one another by means of a glue which may be applied as a mono or in a bicomponent, not presenting the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • This purpose is attained by providing a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, in which bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are glued together by means of a glue, which may be applied in a mono or a bicomponent method where the wall elements are made self-supporting by gluing together the bricks with a type of glue based on the water glass principle.
  • the self-supporting wall element in a preferred method according to the invention, is provided with a lintel.
  • the advantage of providing a lintel is, that the self-supporting wall element will be prevented from breaking. Moreover, deflection will be avoided.
  • the lintel is provided with a pre-stressed reinforcement.
  • said self-supporting wall element is a self-supporting fully ceramic wall element.
  • a safety reinforcement is applied to the back of the wall element.
  • this safety reinforcement is carried out in the shape of a net.
  • the method according to the invention is applied with outside house front elements.
  • units (2) being bricks, having the same and/or different dimensions and construction are mutually formed into a prefabricated self-supporting wall element (1).
  • self-supporting is meant, that no additional construction is required to obtain a supporting entity.
  • glue joints (3) which are carried out, for instance, as edge or butt joints or a combination of both.
  • the glue joints (3) with a dimension of 1 to 8 mm are applied in conditioned surroundings. By applying glue joints (3) in conditioned surroundings the sensitivity to deflection is almost nil.
  • the prefabricated self-supporting wall element (1) will show the real colour of the units (2), because of which a nice final product is obtained from an aesthetic point of view.
  • these units (3) may be attached to one another, for instance, by applying glue between the units (3) from behind.
  • the units (2) which are part of the wall element (1) are mutually connected by a glue which may be applied in a mono or in a bicomponent method and which belong to types of glue based on the water glass principle. These glues may be prepared in almost every colour.
  • a bicomponent glue the disadvantage of the spraying devices known for gluing units (2) is that the glue will harden in the spraying device, because of which it can no longer be used. For that purpose a spraying device exists in which the two components will stay separated until they have left the nozzle of the spray gun.
  • the units (3) mutually glued together may be provided with additional constructive provisions such as edge joint reinforcements and lintel constructions.
  • the self-supporting capacity and the constructive characteristics may be improved by applying an edge joint reinforcement.
  • the constructive possibilities of the self-supporting wall element (1) may be extended by carrying out the wall element (1) with a lintel (4), as represented in figure 2 .
  • the lintel (4) may be provided with a reinforcement (5), whether pre-stressed or not, because of which an additional safety and/or possibility for attaching is created.
  • a ceramic U-section together with a steel reinforcement (5) is put under strain, by exerting tensile forces on the entity, after which it is completely filled up with concrete, which will set. In such a manner a reinforcement (5) is obtained which is subjected to tensile forces.
  • the lintel (4) may also act as a support, when the wall elements (1) will exceed the dimensions where the self-supporting capacity of the wall element (1) will reach its limits.
  • a further advantage of the lintel (4) is that the building time is substantially shortened by applying the method according to the invention by a speedy installation compared to traditionally applying (small-scale) units. As the occasion arises, costs may be saved because no expenses for scaffolding or for the use of an alternative scaffolding method are required.
  • a safety reinforcement may be applied to the back of the wall element (1) (not represented in the figures).
  • This safety reinforcement consists of a kind of a net, glued to the back of the wall element (1).
  • This net may be made both of synthetic material or of non-corroding steel. This safety reinforcement also gives protection to the wall element (1) during transport.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for small-scale elements, more particularly for gluing together bricks.
  • the self-supporting prefabricated wall element (1) is fully ceramic.
  • the method according to the invention is especially applied to outside house front elements, which does not alter the fact that this method may be applied to inside wall elements for inside walls as well.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Brushless Motors (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Formation Of Insulating Films (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element (1), in which the units (2) of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are attached to one another, and in which the units are glued together. Preferably, the units are glued together by means of a glue, which may be applied as a mono or a bicomponent, and more preferably by means of a type of glue based on the water glass principle. Preferably the wall element (1) is provided with a lintel (4) and preferably is attached to the backing construction (7) through a blind anchoring or a visible anchoring system.

Description

  • The invention relates to a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, in which bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are attached to one another.
  • Up to the present small-scale units, such as bricks, concrete stones, sand-lime bricks and related products were supplied to the building site in bulk and transformed into a wall or similar, and by means of so-called cavity wall ties, the whole is attached to the backing construction.
  • The disadvantage of a similar method is, that influences of the weather play an important part as the final result of the whole is concerned. Besides, there is shortage of skilled labour, because of which masonry of a poor quality is realized, because of which the result is not very nice from an aesthetic point of view. Further, the costs for realizing such a wall construction are relatively high, because all this has to be carried out manually and what is more, on the building site the necessary scaffolding has to be provided. Further, mutually connecting stones in the present wall constructions occurs by means of a connecting material, for instance, a mixture of cement, lime and sand (mortar), which has a relatively low adhesive power.
  • In US 4,391,077 is already suggested that portions of a structure could be pre-formed to minimize assembly time. It is suggested in this publication to glue structural wall components one to another to obtain such a pre-formed structure. There is however no indication of which type of glue would be suited to use for this purpose.
  • In DE 196 23 659 , a pre-fabricated wall element is disclosed wherein at least some rows of bricks are joined by means of glue. Again, there is no indication of which type of glue would be suited to use for this purpose.
  • In DE 42 16 376 a pre-fabricated wall element is disclosed, made from bricks with mortar joints.
  • However, as is also indicated in DE 297 23 902 , mortar joints are not suited as a binding between bricks to obtain a self-supporting wall element. To obtain such a self-supporting wall element, in DE 297 23 902 , units of masonry material are glued together by means of a cured adhesive formulation, this cured adhesive formulation being a reaction product of a two-component polyurethane adhesive composition comprising:
    • a component (A) comprising at least one polyol; and
    • a component (B) comprising at least one isocyanate compound.
  • A disadvantage of this cured adhesive formulation is however that it is inflammable and sensitive to acid and to UV. Therefore, in buildings, a self-supporting wall element as in De 297 23 902 should be used in combination with flame retardants and should never be used as outside house front elements, where they are endured with acid rainwater and UV-light.
  • The purpose of the invention is to provide a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction being glued to one another by means of a glue which may be applied as a mono or in a bicomponent, not presenting the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • This purpose is attained by providing a method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element, in which bricks of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are glued together by means of a glue, which may be applied in a mono or a bicomponent method where the wall elements are made self-supporting by gluing together the bricks with a type of glue based on the water glass principle.
  • The self-supporting wall element, in a preferred method according to the invention, is provided with a lintel.
  • The advantage of providing a lintel is, that the self-supporting wall element will be prevented from breaking. Moreover, deflection will be avoided.
  • In a more specific method according to the invention the lintel is provided with a pre-stressed reinforcement.
  • Its advantage is that an additional safety and/or possibility for suspension is created.
  • In a preferred method according to the invention, said self-supporting wall element is a self-supporting fully ceramic wall element.
  • In a preferred method according to the invention, a safety reinforcement is applied to the back of the wall element.
  • Preferably, this safety reinforcement is carried out in the shape of a net.
  • Preferably, the method according to the invention is applied with outside house front elements.
  • To further clarify invention, and in the characteristics order to indicate of the present its additional advantages and particulars, a more detailed description will follow of the prefabricated self-supporting wall elements produced according to a method according to the invention and the parts being used to that purpose.
    It should be obvious that nothing of the following description may be interpreted as a restriction of the protection expressed in the claims of the method according to the invention.
  • In this description, by means of reference numbers, reference is made to the attached drawings, of which:
    • figure 1 is a perspective view of a prefabricated selfsupporting wall element according to the invention without a lintel;
    • figure 2 is a perspective view of a prefabricated selfsupporting wall element according to the invention provided with a lintel.
  • In the method according to the invention for prefabricating self-supporting wall elements (1) as shown in figures 1 and 2, units (2), being bricks, having the same and/or different dimensions and construction are mutually formed into a prefabricated self-supporting wall element (1). By self-supporting is meant, that no additional construction is required to obtain a supporting entity. This may be carried out by gluing together these units (2) by means of glue joints (3) which are carried out, for instance, as edge or butt joints or a combination of both. The glue joints (3) with a dimension of 1 to 8 mm are applied in conditioned surroundings. By applying glue joints (3) in conditioned surroundings the sensitivity to deflection is almost nil. Because of the small dimensions of the glue joints (3) the prefabricated self-supporting wall element (1) will show the real colour of the units (2), because of which a nice final product is obtained from an aesthetic point of view.
    Moreover, these units (3) may be attached to one another, for instance, by applying glue between the units (3) from behind.
  • The units (2) which are part of the wall element (1) are mutually connected by a glue which may be applied in a mono or in a bicomponent method and which belong to types of glue based on the water glass principle. These glues may be prepared in almost every colour.
    When using a bicomponent glue the disadvantage of the spraying devices known for gluing units (2) is that the glue will harden in the spraying device, because of which it can no longer be used. For that purpose a spraying device exists in which the two components will stay separated until they have left the nozzle of the spray gun.
  • These types of glue have an adhesive strength, which is many times as high as the traditional mortar consisting of glue, lime and sand.
  • The units (3) mutually glued together may be provided with additional constructive provisions such as edge joint reinforcements and lintel constructions.
    The self-supporting capacity and the constructive characteristics may be improved by applying an edge joint reinforcement.
    Besides using only a glue joint (3), the constructive possibilities of the self-supporting wall element (1) may be extended by carrying out the wall element (1) with a lintel (4), as represented in figure 2. The lintel (4) may be provided with a reinforcement (5), whether pre-stressed or not, because of which an additional safety and/or possibility for attaching is created. In order to provide a pre-stressed reinforcement (5) in the lintel (4) a ceramic U-section, together with a steel reinforcement (5) is put under strain, by exerting tensile forces on the entity, after which it is completely filled up with concrete, which will set. In such a manner a reinforcement (5) is obtained which is subjected to tensile forces.
    In specific applications, the lintel (4) may also act as a support, when the wall elements (1) will exceed the dimensions where the self-supporting capacity of the wall element (1) will reach its limits.
  • A further advantage of the lintel (4) is that the building time is substantially shortened by applying the method according to the invention by a speedy installation compared to traditionally applying (small-scale) units. As the occasion arises, costs may be saved because no expenses for scaffolding or for the use of an alternative scaffolding method are required.
  • Further, a safety reinforcement may be applied to the back of the wall element (1) (not represented in the figures). This safety reinforcement consists of a kind of a net, glued to the back of the wall element (1). This net may be made both of synthetic material or of non-corroding steel. This safety reinforcement also gives protection to the wall element (1) during transport.
  • The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for small-scale elements, more particularly for gluing together bricks. Preferably the self-supporting prefabricated wall element (1) is fully ceramic.
  • The method according to the invention is especially applied to outside house front elements, which does not alter the fact that this method may be applied to inside wall elements for inside walls as well.

Claims (7)

  1. Method for prefabricating self-supporting wall elements (1), in which bricks (2) of the same and/or of different dimensions and construction are glued together by means of a glue, which may be applied in a mono or in a bicomponent method characterized in that the wall elements (1) are made self-supporting by gluing together the bricks (2) with a type of glue based on the water glass principle.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-supporting wall element (1) is provided with a lintel (4).
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the lintel (4) is provided with a pre-stressed reinforcement (5).
  4. Method according to claim 1 up or 2, characterized in that said selfsupporting wall element (1) is a self-supporting fully ceramic wall element (1).
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a safety reinforcement is applied to the back of the wall element (1).
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that said safety reinforcement is carried out in the shape of a net.
  7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this method is applied to outside house front elements.
EP03076101A 2002-04-15 2003-04-15 Method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element Expired - Lifetime EP1355015B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE200200262 2002-04-15
BE2002/0262A BE1014759A6 (en) 2002-04-15 2002-04-15 Process for the prefabrication of a wall element.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1355015A1 EP1355015A1 (en) 2003-10-22
EP1355015B1 true EP1355015B1 (en) 2009-11-04

Family

ID=28458173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03076101A Expired - Lifetime EP1355015B1 (en) 2002-04-15 2003-04-15 Method for prefabricating a self-supporting wall element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1355015B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE447647T1 (en)
BE (1) BE1014759A6 (en)
DE (1) DE60329885D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1355015T3 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983672A (en) * 1971-04-05 1976-10-05 Dietrich Richard J Wall
US4391077A (en) * 1978-12-08 1983-07-05 Fletcher Timber Limited Method of constructing a building system
EP0353540A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-02-07 Grünzweig + Hartmann Aktiengesellschaft Fireproof doors insert with silica sol

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29615577U1 (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-01-15 Fuller H B Licensing Financ Reactive 2-component polyurethane adhesive composition, particularly suitable for bonding sand-lime brick and the like.
DE19748452A1 (en) * 1997-11-03 1999-05-06 Guenther Geyer Industrially prefabricatable wall element, in particular, for residential buildings
GB9915915D0 (en) * 1999-07-08 1999-09-08 Ancon Ccl Ltd Support bracket

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983672A (en) * 1971-04-05 1976-10-05 Dietrich Richard J Wall
US4391077A (en) * 1978-12-08 1983-07-05 Fletcher Timber Limited Method of constructing a building system
EP0353540A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-02-07 Grünzweig + Hartmann Aktiengesellschaft Fireproof doors insert with silica sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE1014759A6 (en) 2004-03-02
DE60329885D1 (en) 2009-12-17
DK1355015T3 (en) 2010-02-08
EP1355015A1 (en) 2003-10-22
ATE447647T1 (en) 2009-11-15

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