EP1354778B1 - Method for applying buffer disks made of plastic to the heads of buffers of railway vehicles and device for executing this method and buffer made by this method - Google Patents

Method for applying buffer disks made of plastic to the heads of buffers of railway vehicles and device for executing this method and buffer made by this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1354778B1
EP1354778B1 EP03405166A EP03405166A EP1354778B1 EP 1354778 B1 EP1354778 B1 EP 1354778B1 EP 03405166 A EP03405166 A EP 03405166A EP 03405166 A EP03405166 A EP 03405166A EP 1354778 B1 EP1354778 B1 EP 1354778B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buffer
buffer plate
recess
sleeve
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03405166A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1354778A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Kofmel
Otto Ziegler
Peter Schönenberger
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Schwab Verkehrstechnik AG
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Schwab Verkehrstechnik AG
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Publication of EP1354778A1 publication Critical patent/EP1354778A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00—Buffers
    • B61G11/18—Details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for attaching plastic buffer plates to buffer plates provided with buffer plates of rail vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for renovating worn buffers of rail vehicles the preamble of claim 5, an apparatus for performing the method according to the claim 8 and a buffer prepared by the method according to claim 10.
  • a buffer for rail vehicles in which the buffer plate is provided with a layer of thermosetting, fiber-reinforced plastic. This layer is either connected by gluing to the buffer plate, or it is provided with metal discs, which serve as an abutment for bolts.
  • a buffer with an impact surface formed by a plastic buffer plate known.
  • the buffer plate is provided along the edge with a plurality of mounting holes, in which screws are inserted, by means of which the buffer plate is attached to the buffer head.
  • a buffer for railway vehicles in which the center of the buffer plate is provided with a plastic insert.
  • the fixing of the plastic insert can be done in two ways: In one case, the plastic insert is inserted from behind into a forward tapered against the abutment recess in the buffer plate and the buffer plate then secured by rivets on the shaft of the buffer.
  • the plastic insert is provided with a central bore and a continuous slot. On the back of this hole is also a groove at right angles to the slot in the plastic insert embedded.
  • For mounting of the plastic insert is provided with a T-shaped head pull rod of a fastening tool passed this hole and then rotated by 90 °, so that the T-shaped head engages in the groove.
  • the plastic insert is deformed by the pull rod concave so far that it can be inserted into the recess in the buffer plate. Subsequently, the pull rod is removed by turning them again by 90 ° and the T-shaped head can be pulled over the groove to the outside.
  • a fundamental disadvantage is that the plastic insert must be provided with a central bore and a continuous slot. This is particularly disadvantageous, since the bore and the slot are in the central region, in which the greatest wear occurs and dirt can begin.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the method defined in the preamble of claim 1 such that the existing plastic buffer plate can be easily and quickly fixed to the buffer head, without the buffer plate must be perforated.
  • a further object of the invention is to propose a method for the renovation of worn buffer plates according to the preamble of claim 5, which is easy to carry out, wherein a reduction of the frictional forces occurring at the buffer plate is to be aimed at the renovated buffer, by a significant reduction of the on the buffer acting transverse and vertical forces is achieved.
  • This object is achieved by the method steps indicated in the characterizing part of claim 5.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 5.
  • a device is proposed which has the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 8.
  • a further object of the invention is to propose a buffer for rail vehicles, the buffer plate was provided according to one of the circumscribed in the claims 1 to 7 method with a plastic buffer plate.
  • a buffer has the features cited in the characterizing part of claim 10.
  • FIG. 1 showing a longitudinal section through the apparatus for attaching the buffer plate in the initial state, the basic structure of the device is explained in detail.
  • the device consists of a first outer sleeve 1, a further inner sleeve 2 and a pressure-stamp 3.
  • the two sleeves 1, 2 are coaxially arranged one inside the other and displaceable relative to each other.
  • the on the buffer plate 8 of a buffer 13 ( Fig. 8 ) to be attached buffer plate 4 rests on the top of the inner sleeve 2.
  • the buffer plate 4 is round and made of plastic, preferably polyamide.
  • the inner sleeve 2 is provided on the upper side with a bevelled and rounded support surface 5, which is adapted to the coming to rest on the front side 4a of the buffer plate 4, as shown in particular in the enlarged view Fig. 1a is apparent.
  • the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 2, so that the outer sleeve 1 can be displaced in the axial direction relative to the inner sleeve 2.
  • the outer sleeve 1 has an annular circumferential, inner shoulder 6, which has only a small height and a small width of about 0.5-1 mm.
  • the outer sleeve 1 has a serving as a support surface 7 end face, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the resting on the back of the buffer plate 4 punch 3 is cylindrical and can be moved in the vertical direction.
  • Fig. 2 shows the device according to Fig. 1 in a first phase in the elastic deformation of the buffer plate 4.
  • the punch 3 was pressed in the center of the buffer plate 4 down, so that the buffer plate 4 bends downwards.
  • the punch 3 is moved downwards until the outer diameter d1 of the buffer plate 4 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1.
  • the outer sleeve 1 is raised, as can be seen from the Fig. 3 is apparent.
  • the punch 3 is moved upward, so that the buffer plate 4 relieved, wherein the buffer plate 4 now rests with its outer edge on the inside of the outer sleeve 1 and remains in the deformed state.
  • the outer sleeve 1 with the buffer plate 4 and the inner sleeve 2 by 180 ° in the in the Fig. 4 rotated position shown.
  • the two sleeves 1, 2 are now placed together with the buffer plate 4 on a provided with a recess 9 buffer plate 8 ( Fig. 5 ).
  • the annular shoulder 6 of the outer sleeve 1 serves as a centering, by this on upper edge of the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 applies, as shown in the enlarged illustration Fig. 5a evident.
  • the edge region 10 of the buffer plate 4 has a shape corresponding to the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8.
  • a cylindrical stop surface 11 is provided, whose height is adapted to the height of the annular shoulder 6 of the outer sleeve 1 and therefore also only about 0.5-1mm.
  • the buffer plate 4 As soon as the buffer plate 4 has been moved beyond the lower edge of the outer sleeve 1, it relaxes in the recess 9 and thereby returns to its original shape ( Fig. 6 ). Due to the dovetail-shaped configuration of the recess, the buffer plate 4 is centered in the recess and pulls itself into it, so that it is ultimately received positively in it. Thereafter, the two sleeves 1, 2 can be removed again from the buffer plate 8, as shown in the Fig. 7 is shown.
  • Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a buffer 13 with inserted into the buffer plate 8 buffer plate 4.
  • a round buffer plate 4 is used, which is received in a corresponding recess 9 in the buffer plate 8.
  • Fig. 9 shows a buffer 13a with an alternative embodiment of a buffer plate 4a.
  • the buffer plate 8a is provided with a recess 9a, whose diameter is greater than the height of the buffer plate 8a.
  • the inserted into the recess 9a buffer plate 4a is flattened on the top and bottom 15, 16.
  • elements 17 can be mounted on the top and bottom of the buffer plate 8 a.
  • the buffer plate 4 a can also be provided with bores 18 into which, for example, tensioning pins or screws are inserted or screwed.
  • the described method is suitable both for attaching plastic buffer plates to new buffer plates, as well as for renovating existing buffers of rail vehicles.
  • the buffer plate is clamped on a lathe and produces the preferably dovetail-shaped recess by unscrewing the buffer plate.
  • a wood screw (not shown) are screwed into the buffer plate 4, 4a, which lifts the buffer plate 4, 4a from the bottom of the recess 9, 9a and pushes out of this.
  • buffer plates could be used, which are provided with a domed or domed bottom, in which case the bottom of the recess to the Form would have to be adjusted.
  • the proposed buffers which are provided with a buffer plate made of plastic to form the buffer surface, a reduction of the frictional forces on the buffer plate of cooperating buffers can be effected.
  • a significant reduction in the transverse and vertical forces on the entire tensile and impact device can be achieved.
  • lower lateral thrust forces occur on the wheelsets of the rail vehicles when they are reloaded, which on the one hand increases the risk of derailment and, on the other hand, counteracts a bearing warm-up effect. It is even then causes a reduction in the frictional forces on the buffer plates of cooperating buffers, if only one buffer of a buffer pairing is provided with a buffer plate made of plastic. In this sense, not only the buffer is being renovated with the described refurbishment of worn steel buffer plates, but a refurbished buffer provided with a plastic plate also has significant advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Memory System Of A Hierarchy Structure (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves elastically deforming the buffer board (4) by applying pressure to fit the board in the aperture in the buffer plate and then relaxing it to form a shape-locking fixing. The method involves first deforming the buffer board, applying a fixing sleeve (1), to the deformed buffer board, applying the sleeve to the aperture and pressing the buffer board into the aperture. Independent claims are also included for the following: an arrangement for implementing the inventive method and a buffer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Anbringen von aus Kunststoff bestehenden Pufferplatten an mit Puffertellern versehenen Puffern von Schienenfahrzeugen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, ein Verfahren zum Renovieren von abgenutzten Puffern von Schienenfahrzeugen dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 5, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss dem Anspruch 8 sowie einen Puffer hergestellt nach dem Verfahren gemäss dem Anspruch 10.The invention relates to a method for attaching plastic buffer plates to buffer plates provided with buffer plates of rail vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for renovating worn buffers of rail vehicles the preamble of claim 5, an apparatus for performing the method according to the claim 8 and a buffer prepared by the method according to claim 10.

Gattungsgemäße Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Puffer sind aus der GB 809,137 A bekannt.Generic methods, apparatus and buffers are known from GB 809,137 A known.

Währenddem die Puffer von Schienenfahrzeugen wie beispielsweise Eisenbahnwagen bis anhin weitgehend mit Stossflächen aus Stahl versehen sind, ist man in der jüngeren Vergangenheit vermehrt dazu übergegangen, die Puffer bzw. Pufferteller mit Pufferplatten aus Kunststoff zu belegen.While the buffers of rail vehicles such as railway cars are largely provided with steel abutment surfaces to date, it has increasingly been in the recent past to occupy the buffer or buffer plates with plastic buffer plates.

Aus der DE 197 26 516 ist ein Puffer für Schienenfahrzeuge bekannt, bei dem der Pufferteller mit einer Schicht aus duroplastischem, faserverstärktem Kunststoff versehen ist. Diese Schicht ist entweder durch Kleben mit dem Pufferteller verbunden, oder sie ist mit Metallscheiben versehen, welche als Widerlager für Schraubenbolzen dienen.From the DE 197 26 516 is a buffer for rail vehicles, in which the buffer plate is provided with a layer of thermosetting, fiber-reinforced plastic. This layer is either connected by gluing to the buffer plate, or it is provided with metal discs, which serve as an abutment for bolts.

Im weiteren ist aus der DE 198 28 458 ein Puffer mit einer durch eine Pufferplatte aus Kunststoff gebildeten Stossfläche bekannt. Die Pufferplatte ist entlang des Randes mit einer Vielzahl von Befestigungsbohrungen versehen, in welche Schrauben eingesetzt sind, mittels denen die Pufferplatte am Pufferkopf befestigt ist.In the further is from the DE 198 28 458 a buffer with an impact surface formed by a plastic buffer plate known. The buffer plate is provided along the edge with a plurality of mounting holes, in which screws are inserted, by means of which the buffer plate is attached to the buffer head.

Darin ist ein Puffer für Schienenfahrzeuge offenbart, bei dem das Zentrum des Puffertellers mit einem Kunststoffeinsatz versehen ist. Das Fixieren des Kunststoffeinsatzes kann dabei auf zwei Arten erfolgen: Im einen Fall wird der Kunststoffeinsatz von hinten in eine sich nach vorne gegen die Stossfläche verjüngende Ausnehmung im Pufferteller eingesetzt und der Pufferteller danach mittels Nieten am Schaft des Puffers befestigt. Im andern Fall ist der Kunststoffeinsatz mit einer zentralen Bohrung und einem durchgehenden Schlitz versehen. Auf der Rückseite dieser Bohrung ist zudem eine Nut im rechten Winkel zum Schlitz in den Kunststoffeinsatz eingelassen. Zum Montieren des Kunststoffeinsatzes wird eine mit einem T-förmigen Kopf versehene Zugstange eines Befestigungswerkzeugs durch diese Bohrung hindurchgeführt und danach um 90° verdreht, so dass der T-förmige Kopf in die Nut eingreift. Danach wird der Kunststoffeinsatz durch die Zugstange konkav soweit deformiert, dass er in die Ausnehmung im Pufferteller eingesetzt werden kann. Anschliessend wird die Zugstange entfernt, indem diese wiederum um 90° verdreht und der T-förmige Kopf über die Nut nach aussen gezogen werden kann. Obwohl die zweite Variante eine grundsätzlich elegante Art der Befestigung des Kunststoffeinsatzes am Pufferteller darstellt, besteht ein grundsätzlicher Nachteil darin, dass der Kunststoffeinsatz dazu mit einer zentralen Bohrung sowie einem durchgehenden Schlitz versehen sein muss. Dies ist insbesondere nachteilig, da die Bohrung und der Schlitz im zentralen Bereich liegen, in dem der grösste Verschleiss auftritt und sich Schmutz ansetzen kann.Therein is disclosed a buffer for railway vehicles, in which the center of the buffer plate is provided with a plastic insert. The fixing of the plastic insert can be done in two ways: In one case, the plastic insert is inserted from behind into a forward tapered against the abutment recess in the buffer plate and the buffer plate then secured by rivets on the shaft of the buffer. In the other case, the plastic insert is provided with a central bore and a continuous slot. On the back of this hole is also a groove at right angles to the slot in the plastic insert embedded. For mounting of the plastic insert is provided with a T-shaped head pull rod of a fastening tool passed this hole and then rotated by 90 °, so that the T-shaped head engages in the groove. Thereafter, the plastic insert is deformed by the pull rod concave so far that it can be inserted into the recess in the buffer plate. Subsequently, the pull rod is removed by turning them again by 90 ° and the T-shaped head can be pulled over the groove to the outside. Although the second variant represents a fundamentally elegant way of securing the plastic insert to the buffer plate, a fundamental disadvantage is that the plastic insert must be provided with a central bore and a continuous slot. This is particularly disadvantageous, since the bore and the slot are in the central region, in which the greatest wear occurs and dirt can begin.

Ausgehend vom bekannten Stand der Technik liegt die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, das im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierte Verfahren derart zu verbessern, dass die aus Kunststoff bestehende Pufferplatte einfach und schnell am Pufferkopf fixiert werden kann, ohne dass die Pufferplatte dazu perforiert werden muss.Starting from the known prior art, the object of the invention is to improve the method defined in the preamble of claim 1 such that the existing plastic buffer plate can be easily and quickly fixed to the buffer head, without the buffer plate must be perforated.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angeführten Verfahrensschritte gelöst.This object is achieved by the method steps mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Verfahrens sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2 bis 4 definiert.Advantageous developments of the method are defined in the dependent claims 2 to 4.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zum Renovieren von abgenutzten Puffertellern gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 5 vorzuschlagen, welches einfach durchführbar ist, wobei am renovierten Puffer eine Reduktion der am Pufferteller auftretenden Reibkräfte anzustreben ist, indem eine deutliche Verminderung der auf den Puffer einwirkenden Quer- und Vertikalkräfte erreicht wird. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 5 angegebenen Verfahrensschritte gelöst.A further object of the invention is to propose a method for the renovation of worn buffer plates according to the preamble of claim 5, which is easy to carry out, wherein a reduction of the frictional forces occurring at the buffer plate is to be aimed at the renovated buffer, by a significant reduction of the on the buffer acting transverse and vertical forces is achieved. This object is achieved by the method steps indicated in the characterizing part of claim 5.

Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss dem Anspruch 1 oder 5 vorzuschlagen. Dazu wird eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, welche die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 8 definierten Merkmale aufweist.Another object of the invention is to propose an apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 5. For this purpose, a device is proposed which has the features defined in the characterizing part of claim 8.

Schliesslich besteht eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, einen Puffer für Schienenfahrzeuge vorzuschlagen, dessen Pufferteller nach einem der in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7 umschriebenen Verfahren mit einer aus Kunststoff bestehenden Pufferplatte versehen wurde. Ein derartiger Puffer weist die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 10 angeführten Merkmale auf.Finally, a further object of the invention is to propose a buffer for rail vehicles, the buffer plate was provided according to one of the circumscribed in the claims 1 to 7 method with a plastic buffer plate. Such a buffer has the features cited in the characterizing part of claim 10.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren sowie ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In diesen Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung mit aufgelegter Pufferplatte im Ausgangszustand;
Fig. 1a
einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1;
Fig. 2
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer ersten Phase;
Fig. 3
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer zweiten Phase;
Fig. 4
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer dritten Phase;
Fig. 5
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer vierten Phase;
Fig. 5a
einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 5;
Fig. 6
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer fünften Phase;
Fig. 7
die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer sechsten Phase;
Fig. 8
einen Puffer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer runden, in den Pufferteller eingesetzten Pufferplatte, und
Fig. 9
einen Puffer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer abgeflachten, in den Pufferteller eingesetzten Pufferplatte.
The method according to the invention and an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. In this drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through the device with applied buffer plate in the initial state;
Fig. 1a
an enlarged section of the device according to Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 2
the device according to Fig. 1 during a first phase;
Fig. 3
the device according to Fig. 1 during a second phase;
Fig. 4
the device according to Fig. 1 during a third phase;
Fig. 5
the device according to Fig. 1 during a fourth phase;
Fig. 5a
an enlarged section of the device according to Fig. 5 ;
Fig. 6
the device according to Fig. 1 during a fifth phase;
Fig. 7
the device according to Fig. 1 during a sixth phase;
Fig. 8
a buffer in a perspective view with a round, inserted in the buffer plate buffer plate, and
Fig. 9
a buffer in a perspective view with a flattened, inserted in the buffer plate buffer plate.

Anhand der Fig. 1, welche einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung zum Anbringen der Pufferplatte im Ausgangszustand zeigt, wird der grundsätzliche Aufbau der Vorrichtung näher erläutert.Based on Fig. 1 showing a longitudinal section through the apparatus for attaching the buffer plate in the initial state, the basic structure of the device is explained in detail.

Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einer ersten äusseren Hülse 1, einer weiteren inneren Hülse 2 sowie einem Druck-Stempel 3. Die beiden Hülsen 1, 2 sind koaxial ineinander angeordnet und relativ zueinander verschiebbar. Die am Pufferteller 8 eines Puffers 13 (Fig. 8) anzubringende Pufferplatte 4 liegt auf der Oberseite der inneren Hülse 2 auf. Die Pufferplatte 4 ist rund und besteht aus Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus Polyamid. Die innere Hülse 2 ist auf der Oberseite mit einer abgeschrägten und abgerundeten Auflagefläche 5 versehen, welche an die darauf zur Anlage kommende Vorderseite 4a der Pufferplatte 4 angepasst ist, wie dies insbesondere aus der vergrösserten Darstellung gemäss Fig. 1a ersichtlich ist. Der Innendurchmesser der äusseren Hülse 1 ist geringfügig grösser als der Aussendurchmesser der inneren Hülse 2, so dass die äussere Hülse 1 in axialer Richtung relativ zur inneren Hülse 2 verschoben werden kann. Auf der Vorderseite besitzt die äussere Hülse 1 einen ringförmig umlaufenden, inneren Absatz 6, der nur eine geringe Höhe sowie einen geringe Breite von jeweils ca. 0.5-1 mm besitzt. Im weiteren besitzt die äussere Hülse 1 eine als Auflagefläche 7 dienende Stirnfläche, wie anschliessend noch näher erläutert wird. Der auf der Rückseite der Pufferplatte 4 aufliegende Stempel 3 ist zylindrisch ausgebildet und kann in vertikaler Richtung bewegt werden.The device consists of a first outer sleeve 1, a further inner sleeve 2 and a pressure-stamp 3. The two sleeves 1, 2 are coaxially arranged one inside the other and displaceable relative to each other. The on the buffer plate 8 of a buffer 13 ( Fig. 8 ) to be attached buffer plate 4 rests on the top of the inner sleeve 2. The buffer plate 4 is round and made of plastic, preferably polyamide. The inner sleeve 2 is provided on the upper side with a bevelled and rounded support surface 5, which is adapted to the coming to rest on the front side 4a of the buffer plate 4, as shown in particular in the enlarged view Fig. 1a is apparent. The inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 2, so that the outer sleeve 1 can be displaced in the axial direction relative to the inner sleeve 2. On the front, the outer sleeve 1 has an annular circumferential, inner shoulder 6, which has only a small height and a small width of about 0.5-1 mm. Furthermore, the outer sleeve 1 has a serving as a support surface 7 end face, as will be explained in more detail below. The resting on the back of the buffer plate 4 punch 3 is cylindrical and can be moved in the vertical direction.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 in einer ersten Phase beim elastischen Deformieren der Pufferplatte 4. Dazu wurde der Stempel 3 im Zentrum der Pufferplatte 4 nach unten gedrückt, so dass sich die Pufferplatte 4 nach unten durchbiegt. Der Stempel 3 wird soweit nach unten gefahren, bis der Aussendurchmesser d1 der Pufferplatte 4 kleiner oder gleich dem Innendurchmesser der äusseren Hülse 1 ist. Nun wird die äussere Hülse 1 hochgefahren, wie dies aus der Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. Danach wird der Stempel 3 nach oben bewegt, so dass sich die Pufferplatte 4 entlastet, wobei sich die Pufferplatte 4 nun mit ihrem äusseren Rand an der Innenseite der äusseren Hülse 1 anlegt und im deformierten Zustand verharrt. Nun wird die äussere Hülse 1 mit der Pufferplatte 4 und der inneren Hülse 2 um 180° in die in der Fig. 4 dargestellte Lage gedreht. Fig. 2 shows the device according to Fig. 1 in a first phase in the elastic deformation of the buffer plate 4. For this purpose, the punch 3 was pressed in the center of the buffer plate 4 down, so that the buffer plate 4 bends downwards. The punch 3 is moved downwards until the outer diameter d1 of the buffer plate 4 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1. Now the outer sleeve 1 is raised, as can be seen from the Fig. 3 is apparent. Thereafter, the punch 3 is moved upward, so that the buffer plate 4 relieved, wherein the buffer plate 4 now rests with its outer edge on the inside of the outer sleeve 1 and remains in the deformed state. Now, the outer sleeve 1 with the buffer plate 4 and the inner sleeve 2 by 180 ° in the in the Fig. 4 rotated position shown.

Die beiden Hülsen 1, 2 werden nun zusammen mit der Pufferplatte 4 auf einen mit einer Ausnehmung 9 versehenen Pufferteller 8 aufgesetzt (Fig. 5). Dabei dient der ringförmige Absatz 6 der äusseren Hülse 1 als Zentrierung, indem sich dieser am oberen Rand der Ausnehmung 9 im Pufferteller 8 anlegt, wie dies aus der vergrösserten Darstellung gemäss Fig. 5a hervorgeht. Aus dieser vergrösserten Darstellung ist zudem ersichtlich, dass der Randbereich 10 der Pufferplatte 4 eine zu der Ausnehmung 9 im Pufferteller 8 korrespondierende Form aufweist. Die Ausnehmung 9 im Pufferteller 8 ist, im Querschnitt gesehen, im wesentlichen schwalbenschwanzförmig gestaltet. Auf der Oberseite dieser Ausnehmung 9 ist eine zylindrische Anschlagfläche 11 vorgesehen, deren Höhe an die Höhe des ringförmigen Absatzes 6 der äusseren Hülse 1 angepasst ist und daher ebenfalls nur ca. 0.5-1mm beträgt. Nachdem die äussere Hülse 1 gegenüber der Ausnehmung 9 im Pufferteller 8 ausgerichtet ist und mit ihrer Stirnseite auf dem Pufferteller 8 aufliegt, kann die innere Hülse 2 nach unten gegen den Pufferteller 8 bewegt werden. Die innere Hülse 2 drückt dabei die Pufferplatte 4 im wesentlichen entlang ihres Umfangs nach unten.The two sleeves 1, 2 are now placed together with the buffer plate 4 on a provided with a recess 9 buffer plate 8 ( Fig. 5 ). Here, the annular shoulder 6 of the outer sleeve 1 serves as a centering, by this on upper edge of the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 applies, as shown in the enlarged illustration Fig. 5a evident. It can also be seen from this enlarged representation that the edge region 10 of the buffer plate 4 has a shape corresponding to the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8. The recess 9 in the buffer plate 8, seen in cross-section, designed substantially dovetail-shaped. On the top of this recess 9, a cylindrical stop surface 11 is provided, whose height is adapted to the height of the annular shoulder 6 of the outer sleeve 1 and therefore also only about 0.5-1mm. After the outer sleeve 1 is aligned with respect to the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 and rests with its end face on the buffer plate 8, the inner sleeve 2 can be moved down against the buffer plate 8. The inner sleeve 2 presses the buffer plate 4 substantially along its circumference down.

Sobald die Pufferplatte 4 über den unteren Rand der äusseren Hülse 1 hinausbewegt wurde, entspannt sie sich in der Ausnehmung 9 und nimmt dabei wieder ihre ursprüngliche Form an (Fig. 6). Durch die schwalbenschwanzförmige Gestaltung der Ausnehmung zentriert sich die Pufferplatte 4 in der Ausnehmung und zieht sich selbständig in diese hinein, so dass sie letztlich formschlüssig darin aufgenommen ist. Danach können die beiden Hülsen 1, 2 wieder vom Pufferteller 8 entfernt werden, wie dies in der Fig. 7 gezeigt ist.As soon as the buffer plate 4 has been moved beyond the lower edge of the outer sleeve 1, it relaxes in the recess 9 and thereby returns to its original shape ( Fig. 6 ). Due to the dovetail-shaped configuration of the recess, the buffer plate 4 is centered in the recess and pulls itself into it, so that it is ultimately received positively in it. Thereafter, the two sleeves 1, 2 can be removed again from the buffer plate 8, as shown in the Fig. 7 is shown.

Fig. 8 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht einen Puffer 13 mit in den Pufferteller 8 eingesetzter Pufferplatte 4. Im vorliegenden Beispiel kommt eine runde Pufferplatte 4 zum Einsatz, welche in einer korrespondierenden Ausnehmung 9 im Pufferteller 8 aufgenommen ist. Fig. 8 shows a perspective view of a buffer 13 with inserted into the buffer plate 8 buffer plate 4. In the present example, a round buffer plate 4 is used, which is received in a corresponding recess 9 in the buffer plate 8.

Fig. 9 zeigt einen Puffer 13a mit einer alternativen Ausführungsform einer Pufferplatte 4a. Bei diesem Beispiel ist der Pufferteller 8a mit einer Ausnehmung 9a versehen, deren Durchmesser grösser ist als die Höhe des Puffertellers 8a. Die in die Ausnehmung 9a eingesetzte Pufferplatte 4a ist dazu auf der Ober- und Unterseite 15, 16 abgeflacht. Um die Pufferplatte 4a gegen Verdrehen zu sichern, können beispielsweise Elemente 17 auf der Ober und Unterseite des Puffertellers 8a angebracht werden. Alternativ dazu kann die Pufferplatte 4a auch mit Bohrungen 18 versehen werden, in die bspw. Schwerspannstifte oder Schrauben eingesetzt bzw. eingedreht werden. Fig. 9 shows a buffer 13a with an alternative embodiment of a buffer plate 4a. In this example, the buffer plate 8a is provided with a recess 9a, whose diameter is greater than the height of the buffer plate 8a. The inserted into the recess 9a buffer plate 4a is flattened on the top and bottom 15, 16. In order to secure the buffer plate 4 a against rotation, for example, elements 17 can be mounted on the top and bottom of the buffer plate 8 a. Alternatively, the buffer plate 4 a can also be provided with bores 18 into which, for example, tensioning pins or screws are inserted or screwed.

Das beschriebene Verfahren eignet sich sowohl zum Anbringen von aus Kunststoff bestehenden Pufferplatten an neuen Puffertellern, wie auch zum Renovieren von bestehenden Puffern von Schienenfahrzeugen. Dazu wird der Pufferteller auf einer Drehbank aufgespannt und die vorzugsweise schwalbenschwanzförmige Ausnehmung durch Ausdrehen des Puffertellers erzeugt.The described method is suitable both for attaching plastic buffer plates to new buffer plates, as well as for renovating existing buffers of rail vehicles. For this purpose, the buffer plate is clamped on a lathe and produces the preferably dovetail-shaped recess by unscrewing the buffer plate.

Zum Entfernen der Pufferplatte 4, 4a kann beispielsweise eine Holzschraube (nicht dargestellt) in die Pufferplatte 4, 4a eingedreht werden, welche die Pufferplatte 4, 4a vom Boden der Ausnehmung 9, 9a abhebt und aus dieser hinausdrückt.To remove the buffer plate 4, 4a, for example, a wood screw (not shown) are screwed into the buffer plate 4, 4a, which lifts the buffer plate 4, 4a from the bottom of the recess 9, 9a and pushes out of this.

Anstelle des vorgängig gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels, bei dem die Pufferplatte mit einer flachen Unterseite versehen ist und der Boden der Ausnehmung eben ist, könnten natürlich auch Pufferplatten zum Einsatz kommen, die mit einer bombierten oder gewölbten Unterseite versehen sind, wobei dann der Boden der Ausnehmung an die Form angepasst werden müsste.Instead of the previously shown embodiment, in which the buffer plate is provided with a flat bottom and the bottom of the recess is flat, of course, buffer plates could be used, which are provided with a domed or domed bottom, in which case the bottom of the recess to the Form would have to be adjusted.

Im Gegensatz zu Puffern, bei denen die Pufferflächen aus Metall bestehen, kann mit den vorgeschlagenen Puffern, welche zur Bildung der Pufferfläche mit einer Pufferplatte aus Kunststoff versehen sind, eine Reduktion der Reibkräfte am Pufferteller von zusammenwirkenden Puffern bewirkt werden. Dadurch kann eine deutliche Verminderung der Quer- und Vertikalkräfte an der gesamten Zug- und Stosseinrichtung erreicht werden. Zudem treten beim Nachschieben geringere Lagerquerkräfte an den Radsätzen der Schienenfahrzeuge auf, wodurch einerseits die Entgleisungssicherheit erhöht und andererseits einem Lagerwarmlaufeffekt entgegengewirkt werden kann. Es wird auch dann schon eine Reduktion der Reibkräfte an den Puffertellern von zusammenwirkenden Puffern bewirkt, wenn nur der eine Puffer einer Pufferpaarung mit einer Pufferplatte aus Kunststoff versehen ist. In diesem Sinne wird mit dem beschriebenen Renovieren von abgenutzten, aus Stahl bestehenden Puffertellern nicht nur der Puffer renoviert, sondern ein renovierter, mit einer Kunststoffplatte versehener Puffer weist darüber hinaus nennenswerte Vorteile auf.Unlike buffers in which the buffer surfaces are made of metal, the proposed buffers, which are provided with a buffer plate made of plastic to form the buffer surface, a reduction of the frictional forces on the buffer plate of cooperating buffers can be effected. As a result, a significant reduction in the transverse and vertical forces on the entire tensile and impact device can be achieved. In addition, lower lateral thrust forces occur on the wheelsets of the rail vehicles when they are reloaded, which on the one hand increases the risk of derailment and, on the other hand, counteracts a bearing warm-up effect. It is even then causes a reduction in the frictional forces on the buffer plates of cooperating buffers, if only one buffer of a buffer pairing is provided with a buffer plate made of plastic. In this sense, not only the buffer is being renovated with the described refurbishment of worn steel buffer plates, but a refurbished buffer provided with a plastic plate also has significant advantages.

Claims (13)

  1. Method for fitting buffer plates (4) composed of plastic to buffer panels (8) of buffers for rail vehicles, with the buffer panel (8) being provided with a recess (9) for holding the buffer plate (4), and with the buffer plate (4) being elastically deformed until it can be inserted into the recess (9) in order then to fix it therein with an interlock, by making use of its material elasticity as it expands, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is elastically deformed by pressure loading and is then fixed along its circumference in the deformed position by means of a first sleeve (1), in that the first sleeve (1) is then placed on the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) and is aligned, and in that the buffer plate (4) is then pushed into the recess (9).
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is elastically deformed by a force acting essentially centrally, and is pushed into the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) by means of a force acting essentially along its circumference.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is placed on a further sleeve (2) and is elastically deformed by means of a centrally acting stamp (3) until its external diameter (d1) is less than the internal diameter of the first sleeve (1), in that the first sleeve (1) is then pushed over the buffer plate (4) with its internal diameter being slightly larger than the external diameter of the further sleeve (2), in that the buffer plate (4) load is then removed, so that it rests, punctiform, on the inside of the first sleeve (1), and in that the first sleeve (1) is then placed on the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8), and the buffer plate (4) is pushed into the recess (9).
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is pushed into the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) by means of the further sleeve (2).
  5. Method for renovation of buffer panels composed of metal for buffers for rail vehicles, characterized in that the buffer panel (8) is provided with a circular recess (9) for holding, in an interlocking form, a buffer plate (4) which is composed of plastic, in that the buffer plate (4) is elastically deformed by pressure loading for insertion into the recess (9) until its external diameter (d1) is less than the diameter of the recess (9), with the buffer plate (4) which has been elastically deformed in this way being fixed along its outer rim by means of a first sleeve (1), and with the first sleeve (1) then being placed on the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) and being aligned, and with the buffer plate (4) then being pushed into the recess (9).
  6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the buffer panel (8) is clamped on a lathe, and the recess (9) is produced by turning the buffer panel (8).
  7. Method according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the buffer panel (8) is provided with a round recess (9) which widens conically towards the base.
  8. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to Claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the apparatus has a first outer sleeve (1) and a further inner sleeve (2), which two sleeves (1, 2) are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and can be moved relative to one another, with the external diameter of the inner sleeve (2) being less than the external diameter of the buffer plate (4) in the unloaded state, and with the inner sleeve (2) being provided with a contact surface (5) in order to support the buffer plate (4) while it is being elastically deformed, and with the internal diameter of the outer sleeve (1) being only insignificantly larger than the external diameter of the inner sleeve (2).
  9. Apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the outer sleeve (1) is provided on the front face with an annular step (6) or with a plurality of steps in the form of annular sections, whose dimension or dimensions is or are matched to the size of the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) in this way, and in that the outer sleeve (1) can be aligned in the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) by means of the step (6) or the steps.
  10. Buffer (13) for rail vehicles, having a buffer panel (8) which has been provided with a buffer plate (4) composed of plastic according to one of the methods described in Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is imperforated, at least in the area of its centre.
  11. Buffer (13) according to Claim 10, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is round.
  12. Buffer according to Claim 10, characterized in that the buffer plate (4a) is flattened on the upper face and/or lower face (15, 16), with the flattened longitudinal face or faces (15, 16) extending to the upper face and lower face of the buffer panel (8a), and with means (17, 18) being provided which fix the buffer plate (4a) on the buffer panel (8a) such that it cannot rotate.
  13. Buffer (13) according to one of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is fixed with an interlock in the recess (9) in the buffer panel (8) .
EP03405166A 2002-04-17 2003-03-11 Method for applying buffer disks made of plastic to the heads of buffers of railway vehicles and device for executing this method and buffer made by this method Expired - Lifetime EP1354778B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH20020643 2002-04-17
CH6432002 2002-04-17

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EP1354778A1 EP1354778A1 (en) 2003-10-22
EP1354778B1 true EP1354778B1 (en) 2008-04-09

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EP03405166A Expired - Lifetime EP1354778B1 (en) 2002-04-17 2003-03-11 Method for applying buffer disks made of plastic to the heads of buffers of railway vehicles and device for executing this method and buffer made by this method

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1354778B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE391653T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50309564D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2303886T3 (en)
NO (1) NO20031764L (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH701575B1 (en) 2005-12-22 2011-02-15 Schwab Verkehrstechnik Ag Buffer head for rail vehicles and method for producing the buffer head.

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB809137A (en) * 1956-07-21 1959-02-18 John Henry Onions Improvements in or relating to plastic inserts for railway buffer heads

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NO20031764L (en) 2003-10-20
ATE391653T1 (en) 2008-04-15
DE50309564D1 (en) 2008-05-21
EP1354778A1 (en) 2003-10-22
NO20031764D0 (en) 2003-04-15
ES2303886T3 (en) 2008-09-01

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