EP1354778A1 - Method for applying buffer disks made of plastic to the heads of buffers of railway vehicles and device for executing this method and buffer made by this method - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves elastically deforming the buffer board (4) by applying pressure to fit the board in the aperture in the buffer plate and then relaxing it to form a shape-locking fixing. The method involves first deforming the buffer board, applying a fixing sleeve (1), to the deformed buffer board, applying the sleeve to the aperture and pressing the buffer board into the aperture. Independent claims are also included for the following: an arrangement for implementing the inventive method and a buffer.

Description

The invention relates to a method for attaching plastic Buffer plates on buffers of rail vehicles provided with buffer plates the preamble of claim 1, a method for renovating worn out Buffering rail vehicles the preamble of claim 5, a device to carry out the method according to claim 8 and a buffer according to the method according to claim 10.

Meanwhile, the buffers of rail vehicles such as railroad cars Up to now largely have steel butt faces, one is in the in the recent past, the buffers and buffer plates have increasingly been used to be covered with plastic buffer plates.

A buffer for rail vehicles is known from DE 197 26 516, in which the Apply a layer of thermosetting, fiber-reinforced plastic to the buffer plate is. This layer is either bonded to the buffer plate, or it is provided with metal washers, which act as an abutment for screw bolts serve.

Furthermore, DE 198 28 458 describes a buffer with a buffer plate Known plastic surface formed. The buffer plate is along the edge with a variety of mounting holes in which screws are used by means of which the buffer plate is attached to the buffer head.

Finally, a buffer for rail vehicles is known from GB 809 137, at which the center of the buffer plate is provided with a plastic insert. The There are two ways to fix the plastic insert: In one case the plastic insert is from behind in a forward position against the butt surface tapered recess inserted in the buffer plate and then the buffer plate by means of Rivets attached to the shaft of the buffer. In the other case, the plastic insert provided with a central hole and a continuous slot. On the The back of this hole is also a groove at right angles to the slot in the Plastic insert inserted. To mount the plastic insert, use a a T-shaped head provided pull rod of a fastening tool passed this hole and then rotated 90 °, so that the T-shaped Head engages in the groove. Then the plastic insert through the tie rod deformed concavely enough that it can be inserted into the recess in the buffer plate can. The pull rod is then removed by turning it again by 90 ° twisted and the T-shaped head can be pulled out over the groove. Although the second variant is a basically elegant way of fastening the Represents plastic insert on the buffer plate, there is a fundamental disadvantage in that the plastic insert with a central hole and a continuous slot must be provided. This is particularly disadvantageous because the Bore and the slot are in the central area, in which the greatest wear occurs and dirt can accumulate.

Starting from the known prior art, the object of the invention is to improve the method defined in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that the buffer plate made of plastic is quickly and easily fixed to the buffer head can be made without having to perforate the buffer plate.

This object is achieved by the method steps specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 solved.

Advantageous developments of the method are in the dependent claims 2 defined to 4.

Another object of the invention is to provide a method for renovation propose worn buffer plates according to the preamble of claim 5, which is easy to carry out, with a reduction on the renovated buffer The friction forces occurring at the buffer plate should be aimed for by a clear Reduction of the transverse and vertical forces acting on the buffer is achieved. This object is achieved by the method steps specified in the characterizing part of claim 5 solved.

Another object of the invention is an apparatus for performing to propose the method according to claim 1 or 5. For this, a device proposed that defined in the characterizing part of claim 8 Features.

Finally, another object of the invention is to provide a buffer for Propose rail vehicles, whose buffer plate according to one of the claims 1 to 7 circumscribed method with an existing plastic Buffer plate was provided. Such a buffer has the characterizing part of the claim 10 characteristics listed.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch die Vorrichtung mit aufgelegter Pufferplatte im Ausgangszustand;

Fig. 1a

einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1;

Fig. 2

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer ersten Phase;

Fig. 3

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer zweiten Phase;

Fig. 4

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer dritten Phase;

Fig. 5

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer vierten Phase;

Fig. 5a

einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt der Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 5;

Fig. 6

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer fünften Phase;

Fig. 7

die Vorrichtung gemäss Fig. 1 während einer sechsten Phase;

Fig. 8

einen Puffer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer runden, in den Pufferteller eingesetzten Pufferplatte, und

Fig. 9

einen Puffer in einer perspektivischen Ansicht mit einer abgeflachten, in den Pufferteller eingesetzten Pufferplatte.

The method according to the invention and an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. In this drawing:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through the device with the buffer plate placed in the initial state;

Fig. 1a

an enlarged section of the device of FIG. 1;

Fig. 2

1 during a first phase;

Fig. 3

1 during a second phase;

Fig. 4

1 during a third phase;

Fig. 5

1 during a fourth phase;

Fig. 5a

an enlarged section of the device of FIG. 5;

Fig. 6

the device of Figure 1 during a fifth phase.

Fig. 7

1 during a sixth phase;

Fig. 8

a buffer in a perspective view with a round buffer plate inserted into the buffer plate, and

Fig. 9

a buffer in a perspective view with a flattened, inserted in the buffer plate buffer plate.

1, which shows a longitudinal section through the device for attachment shows the buffer plate in the initial state, the basic structure of the device explained in more detail.

The device consists of a first outer sleeve 1, another inner Sleeve 2 and a pressure stamp 3. The two sleeves 1, 2 are coaxially one inside the other arranged and displaceable relative to each other. The one on the buffer plate 8 Buffer 13 (Fig. 8) to be attached buffer plate 4 lies on the top of the inner one Sleeve 2 on. The buffer plate 4 is round and is made of plastic, preferably Polyamide. The inner sleeve 2 is on the top with a beveled and rounded Provide bearing surface 5, which comes to rest on the system Front 4a of the buffer plate 4 is adapted, as can be seen in particular from the enlarged Representation according to Fig. 1a can be seen. The inside diameter of the outer sleeve 1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner Sleeve 2, so that the outer sleeve 1 in the axial direction relative to the inner sleeve 2nd can be moved. The outer sleeve 1 has one on the front circular circumferential, inner paragraph 6, which is only a small height and one has a small width of approx. 0.5-1 mm each. The outer sleeve also has 1 an end surface serving as a support surface 7, as will be explained in more detail below becomes. The stamp 3 resting on the back of the buffer plate 4 is cylindrical trained and can be moved in the vertical direction.

FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a first phase in the elastic phase Deform the buffer plate 4. For this, the punch 3 was in the center of the buffer plate 4 pressed down so that the buffer plate 4 bends downward. The punch 3 is moved downwards until the outer diameter d1 Buffer plate 4 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 1. Now the outer sleeve 1 is raised, as can be seen from FIG. 3. Then the punch 3 is moved upward, so that the buffer plate 4 is relieved, the buffer plate 4 now with its outer edge on the inside the outer sleeve 1 puts on and remains in the deformed state. Now the outside Sleeve 1 with the buffer plate 4 and the inner sleeve 2 by 180 ° in the in Fig. 4 position shown rotated.

The two sleeves 1, 2 are now together with the buffer plate 4 on one a recess 9 provided with a buffer plate 8 (FIG. 5). The serves annular paragraph 6 of the outer sleeve 1 as a centering by this on creates the upper edge of the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8, as shown in the enlarged 5a. From this enlarged view it can also be seen that the edge region 10 of the buffer plate 4 is facing the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 has a corresponding shape. The recess 9 seen in cross section, the buffer plate 8 is essentially dovetail-shaped designed. On the top of this recess 9 is a cylindrical stop surface 11 provided, the height of which corresponds to the height of the annular shoulder 6 is adapted to the outer sleeve 1 and is therefore also only approx. 0.5-1 mm. After the outer sleeve 1 is aligned with the recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 is and rests with its end face on the buffer plate 8, the inner Sleeve 2 are moved down against the buffer plate 8. The inner sleeve 2 presses the buffer plate 4 down substantially along its circumference.

As soon as the buffer plate 4 moves over the lower edge of the outer sleeve 1 , she relaxes in the recess 9 and takes her original again Shape (Fig. 6). The dovetail shape of the The buffer plate 4 is centered in the recess and pulls itself out into it so that it is ultimately incorporated into it in a form-fitting manner. Then the two sleeves 1, 2 can be removed again from the buffer plate 8, as shown in FIG. 7.

8 shows a perspective view of a buffer 13 in the buffer plate 8 inserted buffer plate 4. In the present example there is a round buffer plate 4 to be used, which are in a corresponding recess 9 in the buffer plate 8 is included.

9 shows a buffer 13a with an alternative embodiment of a buffer plate 4a. In this example, the buffer plate 8a is provided with a recess 9a, whose diameter is larger than the height of the buffer plate 8a. The in the Recess 9a inserted buffer plate 4a is on the top and bottom 15, 16 flattened. To secure the buffer plate 4a against twisting, for example Elements 17 are attached to the top and bottom of the buffer plate 8a become. Alternatively, the buffer plate 4a can also be provided with bores 18 are inserted or screwed into, for example, heavy-duty locking pins or screws become.

The method described is suitable for attaching plastic existing buffer plates on new buffer plates, as well as for renovating existing buffers of rail vehicles. For this, the buffer plate is placed on a Lathe clamped and the preferably dovetail-shaped recess generated by unscrewing the buffer plate.

To remove the buffer plate 4, 4a, for example, a wood screw (not shown) are screwed into the buffer plate 4, 4a, which the buffer plate 4, 4a lifts off the bottom of the recess 9, 9a and pushes it out.

Instead of the previously shown embodiment, in which the buffer plate with is provided with a flat underside and the bottom of the recess is flat, of course, buffer plates could also be used, which have a cambered or curved underside are provided, in which case the bottom of the recess would have to be adapted to the shape.

In contrast to buffers, in which the buffer surfaces are made of metal, can with the proposed buffers, which are used to form the buffer area with a buffer plate are made of plastic, a reduction of the frictional forces on the buffer plate by interacting buffers. This can result in a significant reduction the transverse and vertical forces on the entire pulling and pushing device can be achieved. In addition, lower bearing transverse forces occur when pushing Wheel sets of the rail vehicles, which on the one hand ensures derailment safety increased and on the other hand counteracted a warm-up effect can. Even then there will be a reduction in the frictional forces on the buffer plates of interacting buffers if only one buffer of a buffer pair is provided with a plastic buffer plate. With this in mind the described renovation of worn, steel buffer plates not just the buffer renovated, but a renovated one with a plastic plate provided buffer also has significant advantages.

Claims (13)

Method for attaching plastic buffer plates (4) to buffer plates (8) of buffers of rail vehicles, the buffer plate (8) being provided with a recess (9) for receiving the buffer plate (4) and the buffer plate (4) being elastic so far is deformed, that it can be inserted into the recess (9), in order to then fix it in a form-fitting manner using its material elasticity when relaxing, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is elastically deformed by pressure load and then along its circumference in the deformed position is fixed by means of a first sleeve (1), that the first sleeve (1) is then placed and aligned on the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8), and that the buffer plate (4) subsequently into the recess (9) is pushed in. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is elastically deformed by a substantially centrally acting force and is pressed into the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8) by a force acting essentially along its circumference. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is placed on a further sleeve (2) and is elastically deformed by means of a centrally acting stamp (3) until its outer diameter (d1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first sleeve (1) that the first sleeve (1) is then pushed over the buffer plate (4), the inside diameter of which is slightly larger than the outside diameter of the further sleeve (2), so that the buffer plate (4) is then relieved, so that it clamps against the inside of the first sleeve (1) and that the first sleeve (1) is then placed on the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8) and the buffer plate (4) is pressed into the recess (9). Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is pressed into the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8) by means of the further sleeve (2). Method for renovating metal buffer plates of buffers of rail vehicles, characterized in that the buffer plate (8) is provided with a circular recess (9) for the positive reception of a plastic buffer plate (4) that the buffer plate (4) for Inserting into the recess (9) is elastically deformed by pressure loading until its outside diameter (d1) is smaller than the diameter of the recess (9), the buffer plate (4) being deformed in this way along its outer edge by means of a first sleeve (1 ) is fixed and the first sleeve (1) is then placed on the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8) and aligned and the buffer plate (4) is then pressed into the recess (9). Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the buffer plate (8) is clamped on a lathe and the recess (9) is produced by turning out the buffer plate (8). Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the buffer plate (8) is provided with a round recess (9) which widens conically towards the bottom. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the device has a first outer sleeve (1) and a further inner sleeve (2), which two sleeves (1, 2) are arranged coaxially to one another and are displaceable relative to one another , wherein the outer diameter of the inner sleeve (2) is smaller than the outer diameter of the buffer plate (4) in the unloaded state and wherein the inner sleeve (2) is provided with a support surface (5) for supporting the buffer plate (4) during the elastic deformation thereof and the inner diameter of the outer sleeve (1) is only insignificantly larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve (2). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer sleeve (1) is provided on the front with an annular shoulder (6) or several ring-section-shaped shoulders, the dimension (s) of which correspond to the dimension of the recess (9) in the buffer plate ( 8) is / are coordinated, and that the outer sleeve (1) can be aligned by means of the shoulder (6) or the shoulder in the recess (9) of the buffer plate (8). Buffer (13) for rail vehicles, with a buffer plate (8), which was provided with a buffer plate (4) consisting of plastic according to one of the methods described in claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) at least in the area their center is not perforated. Buffer (13) according to claim 10, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is round. Buffer according to claim 10, characterized in that the buffer plate (4a) is flattened on the top and / or bottom (15, 16), the flattened (n) long side (s) (15, 16) up to the The upper and lower sides of the buffer plate (8a) extend or extend, and means (17, 18) are provided which fix the buffer plate (4a) to the buffer plate (8a) so that they cannot rotate. Buffer (13) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the buffer plate (4) is positively fixed in the recess (9) in the buffer plate (8).

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