EP1353131B1 - Dispositif de chauffage électrique, spécialement pour une voiture - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage électrique, spécialement pour une voiture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1353131B1
EP1353131B1 EP20030008282 EP03008282A EP1353131B1 EP 1353131 B1 EP1353131 B1 EP 1353131B1 EP 20030008282 EP20030008282 EP 20030008282 EP 03008282 A EP03008282 A EP 03008282A EP 1353131 B1 EP1353131 B1 EP 1353131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
heating
heating device
connection
devices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20030008282
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1353131B2 (fr
EP1353131A3 (fr
EP1353131A2 (fr
Inventor
Michel Brun
Christophe Schmittheisler
Pascal Miss
Gregory Lucas
Yannik Laumonnerie
Mathieu Mougey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
Original Assignee
Behr France Rouffach SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Behr France Rouffach SAS filed Critical Behr France Rouffach SAS
Publication of EP1353131A2 publication Critical patent/EP1353131A2/fr
Publication of EP1353131A3 publication Critical patent/EP1353131A3/fr
Publication of EP1353131B1 publication Critical patent/EP1353131B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • F24H3/0447—Forms of the electrode terminals, e.g. tongues or clips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric heater, which is particularly suitable for use in a motor vehicle.
  • an electric heater which is particularly suitable for use in a motor vehicle.
  • the electric heating device according to the invention can also be used for heating processes on other devices.
  • Electric heaters are now widely used, for example in motor vehicles and air conditioning systems and the like, for. B. in the case of a motor vehicle to heat the vehicle interior.
  • the heating of the vehicle interior takes place essentially via the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, which is delivered to the cooling circuit. From there, part of the waste heat can be released via a heat exchanger to the air flowing into the vehicle interior.
  • the object of the present invention to provide a heating device is available, in which the electrical contact is ensured in the long term substantially.
  • the electric heater according to the invention is the subject of claim 1. Preferred developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • the electric heating device comprises at least one heating device and at least one power device.
  • the power device is in electrical contact with the at least one first and at least one second contact means of a contact device Heating device.
  • the contact device is designed such that a firm connection of the first and the second contact means can be produced.
  • a fixed connection between the first and the second contact means of the contact device ensures a permanent electrical contact of power device and heater.
  • Such a strong bond provides significantly improved contact and aging resistance and resistance to vibration release.
  • the electric heater according to the invention can further increase the life of an electric heater, since corrosion-related aging of the contact device are largely avoided, because by the solid compound of Contact means, the contact surfaces of the contact means are protected against environmental influences such as dust and moisture substantially effective.
  • connection of the contact device is form-fitting and rigid.
  • a form-fit producible connection of the first and second contact means of the contact device is very advantageous because positive connections are resistant to aging and generally less easily solved by vibration and the like, as such frictional connections, as are known in the art.
  • connection to the contact device of the first and the second contact means is designed to be detachable.
  • a releasably designed connection of the contact device is advantageous because it allows an exchange of individual heaters or power devices, without it being necessary to replace the entire electric heater in case of failure of a heater or power device.
  • connection of the first and the second contact means can be produced via at least one fastening device which is taken from a group of fastening devices which comprises screw devices, riveting devices and lever clamping devices.
  • At least one fastening device or essentially all fastening devices is designed as a screw device.
  • Screw devices have many advantages. Screw devices can be removed and refastened almost as often as desired, without the strength of the screw connection deteriorating. Furthermore, screw devices have the advantage that the strength of the connection via the screw torque is adjustable, so that precisely defined connection forces can be produced.
  • connection forces are dependent on the number of connections made, since in general the mated parts can loosen over time. Screw connections are not subject to such aging phenomena.
  • Riveting devices are also very advantageous because they also allow a firm and reliable connection of the two contact means of the contact device.
  • a riveting can z. B. be separated again by drilling. Then, by using a new riveting the connection can be restored in a consistent quality.
  • the connection force of a riveting device is adjustable. This can be z. B. by the choice of the length of the riveting done (and also the diameter, etc.).
  • a lever clamping device or the like is used for fixed connection of the first and the second contact means.
  • a lever clamping device in the context of this invention is in this case a clamping device to understand that exerts an increased clamping force by using a lever or the like.
  • a lever clamping device is designed such that an eccentric or the like is provided, so that a reliable safeguard against unintentional release by vibrations or the like is ensured.
  • lever clamping devices can be applied reliably and reproducibly a certain clamping force.
  • the clamping force can be accurately adjusted so that on the one hand ensures that the clamping force is high enough and on the other hand ensures that damage to the clamped parts is omitted.
  • clamping devices are very advantageous.
  • a precisely defined force is applied to the parts to be clamped in a lever clamping device after bringing together the parts to be clamped, so that the contact means of the contact device are firmly and reproducibly firmly connected.
  • At least one heating device is provided, which is taken from a group of heating devices which comprises resistance heating devices and PTC heating devices.
  • Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) ceramic heating elements are preferred since they have a quasi-built-in fuse due to their positive temperature characteristic.
  • At least one resistance heater is at least one PTC heater.
  • Most preferred are substantially all Heating devices designed as a PTC heater, as z. B. in the EP 0 901 311 A2 are described.
  • the materials for the contact means are selected such that galvanic corrosion is substantially completely or at least largely avoided.
  • the contact surfaces of the first and of the second contact means are adapted to one another in all the embodiments described above in such a way that a relatively large contact surface of the two contact means is made possible.
  • the contact surfaces may be convex, concave, flat or otherwise shaped, as long as it is ensured that the two contact means abut each other over a substantial part of their surface, if there is a firm connection of the contact device.
  • Such surface and shape matching is very advantageous because it increases the cross-sectional area of the electrical current. As a result, the area-related current density is reduced, which also leads to a reduction of the contact resistance at the contact device. This in turn results in a lower contact device temperature, and a smaller power loss at the contact device, or it can be reduced at a constant current density, the number of connection points, which increases the reliability.
  • the contact means of the contact device are designed such that an automatic connection of the two contact means can be produced.
  • the contact means may be shaped such that in a fastening device provided as a screw device (or also riveting device) Holes for the screw means are arranged behind the contact means so that the contact means and the contact means are arranged in total of their outer shape so that an insertion of a screw in the holes of the contact means easily possible.
  • a plurality of heating devices and / or power devices is provided, wherein a contact device can be provided for each heating device.
  • a corrugated fin device or the like is provided on at least one heating device in order to improve the heat transfer to the heating medium.
  • the electric heater is provided for operation with a gas as the heating medium and more preferably for air as the heating medium.
  • the heating device according to the invention is operated with a liquid as a heating medium to which the heating power of the heater is delivered.
  • At least one power device comprises a control device which controls the heat output of at least one heating device.
  • a control device is provided for substantially every power device.
  • a heating system consisting of several heating devices is controlled simultaneously and / or that each individual heating device is controlled separately.
  • a separate control of each heater increases the control options of the heater and allows a more accurate adjustment to predetermined conditions.
  • additional heater 1 has a heating block 2 and a control device 4.
  • heating block 2 and control device 4 are arranged spatially separated from each other.
  • the control device 4 has power devices 5 in the form of control electronics, which serve to control the heating elements 3 of the heating block 2.
  • contact points 6 are provided on the control device 4.
  • the contact points 6 of the control device are brought together with the contact points 7 of the heating block and a firm connection between the contact points 6 and 7 is established.
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged view of the contact points 6 of the control device and the contact points 7 of the heating block 2 is shown.
  • Fig. 3 the heating device according to the invention is shown in the form of an additional heater 1 in assembled state.
  • a fastening device for the preparation of the fixed connection between the contact points 6 and contact points 7 are preferably self-tapping screws 9, which are carried out through holes or holes 13 in the contact points 6 and holes 14 in the contact points 7 and then screwed, so that the contact points 6 and 7 enter a firm and rigid connection, which is also form-fitting in this example.
  • the screws 9 are stretched or drilled in the embodiment with a predetermined and sufficiently high torque, so that a release by vibrations during operation and the like is reliably prevented.
  • these measures also increase the service life of the connection and the auxiliary heater as a whole, since possible sources of error are avoided.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 a conventional connector, as is known in the art.
  • the contact points 6a and 7a are plugged together to make the contact, wherein at the contact point 7a a resilient plate is provided which exerts a certain pressure on the contact point 6a.
  • this spring action can be with frequent plugging and unplugging the connection.
  • the areas in contact are relatively small overall, since under some circumstances, only at the kink of the spring plate, a contact.
  • Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment of the additional heater according to the invention has a positive connection of the contact elements 6 and 7, so that in principle a release by release of the spring action of a spring element 15 as in the prior art is avoided (at least with suitable screw torque).
  • the heating block and the control device is carried out substantially the same as in the Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment.
  • the heating block with the heating elements and the control device with the power devices are constructed identically to those in FIG Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment.
  • Rivets provided to establish a firm connection between the contact elements 6 and 7.
  • Rivets have the advantage that a separate solution by vibration and the like, as is possible in screws under circumstances, is substantially excluded. They also allow a certain predefined force to be applied to the connection, although this force can be better controlled using screws.
  • the contact elements 6 and 7 are pressed against each other reliably, so that there is a large contact area.
  • a low contact resistance and thus ensures a low power loss at the contact device 8.
  • Plotted contact surface 16 extends substantially over the contact region of the contact elements 6 and 7 and is not limited to a line, as may be the case in the prior art. In all embodiments, the contact surfaces 16 are adapted to each other so that they can abut each other.
  • corrugated fins 12 are provided on the heating elements 3 to increase the heat-emitting surface.
  • solder joint 11 between the contact elements 6 and the contact elements 7. Also by soldering (or welding) is a reliable solid connection between the contact elements 6 and 7 ensures that is not solved by vibration and usual aging phenomena.
  • a solder joint is also relatively easily detachable by the contact point of the contact elements 6 and 7 is brought to the solder joint 11 to a correspondingly adapted temperature. As a result, it is possible with relatively little effort to produce and release the contact connection between the contact elements 6 and 7 as often as desired. Even such a connection is wear-free.
  • the power supply of the power electronics or the heating network is designed so that it can absorb the mechanical stress of the expansion of the various components.
  • connection in all embodiments according to the present invention is selected so that an automated connection can be established. Therefore, the joints are essentially freely accessible, so that the heating device according to the invention can be assembled by an inexpensive automatic assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Système de chauffage électrique (1) pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant
    au moins un dispositif de chauffage (3), et
    au moins un dispositif de puissance (5), qui est en contact électrique avec le dispositif de chauffage (3) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un premier (6) et d'un deuxième moyen de contact (7) d'un dispositif de contact (8),
    caractérisé
    en ce que ce dispositif de contact (8) est d'une configuration permettant d'établir une liaison ou connexion fixe du premier (6) et du deuxième moyen de contact (7), l'ensemble prévoyant
    que les zones de contact du premier (6) et du deuxième moyen de contact (7) soient mutuellement adaptées les unes aux autres, en vue de permettre l'obtention d'une grande surface de contact (16) des zones de contact appliquées les unes contre les autres, qui s'étend sur une partie essentielle de la surface des moyens de contact (6, 7),
    que la liaison ou connexion des moyens de contact dans ce dispositif de contact (8) soit une liaison ou connexion par complémentarité de formes ou engagement mécanique positif, et rigide, et
    que la liaison ou connexion puisse être réalisée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un dispositif de fixation, qui est sélectionné parmi ceux d'un groupe de dispositifs de fixation comprenant des dispositifs à vis (9), des dispositifs par rivetage (10), et des dispositifs de serrage à levier (11).
  2. Système de chauffage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif de chauffage (3) est sélectionné parmi ceux d'un groupe de dispositifs de chauffage (3) comprenant des dispositifs de chauffage à résistances, des dispositifs de chauffage à éléments PTC (coefficient de température positif), et d'autres dispositifs analogues.
  3. Système de chauffage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins un dispositif de chauffage à résistances et au moins un dispositif de chauffage à éléments PTC.
  4. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les matériaux pour les moyens de contact (6, 7) sont choisis pour empêcher une corrosion galvanique ou électrochimique.
  5. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de contact (6, 7) du dispositif de contact (8) sont d'une configuration permettant un établissement automatique de la liaison ou connexion.
  6. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu plusieurs dispositifs de chauffage (3) et/ou plusieurs dispositifs de puissance (5), le nombre de dispositifs de puissance (5) étant de préférence égal au nombre de dispositifs de chauffage (3).
  7. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus des dispositifs de nervures ondulées (12) sur au moins un dispositif de chauffage (3).
  8. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif de puissance (5) comprend un dispositif de commande, qui pilote la puissance de chauffe d'au moins un dispositif de chauffage (3).
  9. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un dispositif de commande pour sensiblement chaque dispositif de puissance (5).
  10. Système de chauffage selon l'une au moins des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'agent de chauffage est un gaz, et de préférence de l'air.
EP03008282.0A 2002-04-11 2003-04-09 Dispositif de chauffage électrique, spécialement pour une voiture Expired - Lifetime EP1353131B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10216010 2002-04-11
DE2002116010 DE10216010A1 (de) 2002-04-11 2002-04-11 Elektrische Heizvorrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1353131A2 EP1353131A2 (fr) 2003-10-15
EP1353131A3 EP1353131A3 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1353131B1 true EP1353131B1 (fr) 2010-09-08
EP1353131B2 EP1353131B2 (fr) 2014-05-28

Family

ID=28051251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03008282.0A Expired - Lifetime EP1353131B2 (fr) 2002-04-11 2003-04-09 Dispositif de chauffage électrique, spécialement pour une voiture

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1353131B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10216010A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1652703B2 (fr) * 2004-10-29 2012-09-19 Behr France Rouffach SAS Chauffage éléctrique pour véhicule
FR2895204B1 (fr) * 2005-12-21 2008-06-06 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Optimisation d'un dispositif de chauffage
EP2109346B1 (fr) * 2008-04-09 2014-07-30 Behr France Rouffach SAS Dispositif électrique destiné à chauffer, en particulier une cellule passager d'un véhicule automobile
DE102011089539B3 (de) * 2011-12-22 2013-04-25 Behr-Hella Thermocontrol Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Ansteuerung einer elektrischen Heizung für Fahrzeuge und elektrische Heizung mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung
DE102018116747B4 (de) * 2018-07-11 2020-02-06 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Heizvorrichtung zum Erwärmen eines Luftstroms in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE102019132997A1 (de) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Behälterheizung
DE102019132998A1 (de) * 2019-12-04 2021-06-10 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Behälterheizung
DE102022128489A1 (de) 2022-10-27 2024-05-02 Webasto SE Heizanordnung und Heizgerät für ein Fahrzeug

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3134278C1 (de) * 1981-08-29 1983-03-10 Telefonbau Und Normalzeit Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Steckverbindungsanordnung
ES2031184T3 (es) † 1988-07-15 1992-12-01 David & Baader Dbk Spezialfabrik Elektrischer Apparate Und Heizwiderstande Gmbh Radiador
EP0575649B1 (fr) * 1992-06-23 1996-12-04 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiateur
JP3646345B2 (ja) † 1995-04-11 2005-05-11 株式会社デンソー 正特性サーミスタ装置
DE19642442C5 (de) * 1996-10-15 2005-09-29 Alcatel Sel Ag Heizsystem für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE19738318C5 (de) * 1997-09-02 2014-10-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrische Heizeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE19920061C1 (de) * 1999-05-03 2000-11-16 Daimler Chrysler Ag Heizungs- oder Klimaanlage für eine Fahrgastzelle eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE19925757C5 (de) * 1999-06-05 2011-02-10 Behr France Rouffach S.A.S. Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE10121568A1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2002-10-31 Behr France Sarl Elektrische Heizeinrichtung mit in einem Rahmen gehaltenem Heizblock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10216010A1 (de) 2003-10-23
DE50313059D1 (de) 2010-10-21
EP1353131B2 (fr) 2014-05-28
EP1353131A3 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1353131A2 (fr) 2003-10-15

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