EP1351262B1 - DC electromagnet - Google Patents

DC electromagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1351262B1
EP1351262B1 EP03003903A EP03003903A EP1351262B1 EP 1351262 B1 EP1351262 B1 EP 1351262B1 EP 03003903 A EP03003903 A EP 03003903A EP 03003903 A EP03003903 A EP 03003903A EP 1351262 B1 EP1351262 B1 EP 1351262B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
air gap
central web
yoke
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03003903A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1351262A3 (en
EP1351262A2 (en
Inventor
Volker Lang
Rudolf Scholz
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Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Moeller GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1351262A3 publication Critical patent/EP1351262A3/en
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Publication of EP1351262B1 publication Critical patent/EP1351262B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/163—Details concerning air-gaps, e.g. anti-remanence, damping, anti-corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC electromagnet made of laminated magnet parts for use in an electrical switching device, in particular in a contactor with a drive coil.
  • DC electromagnets which are used in particular for contactors, come in various forms. If such electromagnets comprise two pairs of pole faces, for example a U-shaped magnetic yoke with a rod-shaped magnet yoke closing armature or E-shaped magnet parts, the relative adjustment of the position of the pole face pairs is necessary. Furthermore, there are at least two working air gaps in such electromagnets, whereby the size of the power loss is co-determined.
  • each with E-shaped fixed and movable magnetic cores are known ( DE 28 44 361 A1 and US 4,700,165 B).
  • the ends of the lateral legs of the magnetic cores are also chamfered and guide means are also used which stabilize the relative movement of the magnetic cores to one another.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a DC electromagnet with comparatively similar power loss and functionality, with reduced cost in the production, or with the smallest possible number of magnetic parts and in which the number of Pol vompare is reduced.
  • the invention consists in that the fixed magnetic yoke is ring-shaped or C-shaped and comprises a central web and two, from the central web angled protruding Magnetjochschenkel. Furthermore, a single working air gap is formed between the free end of the movable prismatic armature and the center of the central web perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the armature; the two free leg ends of the magnetic yoke are brought close to the armature, where a narrow passage gap for the armature is formed.
  • the armature is guided by guide means during its displacement stroke.
  • the free end of the armature is directed to the central web of the magnetic yoke and the surfaces of the working air gap are formed obliquely against the axis of the armature.
  • the formed between the free ends of the yoke legs and the armature narrow passage gap represents only a parasitic air gap whose magnetic resistance does not change in Verschiebungshubchien.
  • the surfaces are wedge-shaped.
  • the wedge shape of the working air gap is formed at the free end of the armature such that the wedge tip lies in the plane of symmetry of the central web and the wedge is directed to the central web.
  • Corresponding to the wedge shape of the working air gap is formed on the central web as a wedge-shaped recess.
  • the working air gap is out with at least one stop provided with nonmagnetic material, wherein the material forms the remanence air gap with closed magnetic circuit.
  • yoke profile is understood to mean the interior space which is formed by the inner surfaces of the lateral limbs and of the middle web.
  • the yoke profile facing surface of the central web may preferably be formed without elevations or jumps into the yoke in profile.
  • an extension web is formed on the central web of the magnetic yoke, which carries the wedge-shaped depression as correspondence to the trained at the end of the armature working air gap.
  • the advantage of the magnet arrangement described is that higher contact pressure forces can be achieved compared to arrangements with a comparable drive volume and comparable power loss. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the structure of stamped hurtier sheets is created, which may be welded or riveted. The installation of the drive can be made simple because only a few coupling elements must be used by the symmetrical structure of the magnet assembly. Overall, therefore, the profitability of production can be improved.
  • the design of the working air gap is adjusted to this requirement (first embodiment) so that the magnet armature facing the entire inner surface of the transverse leg forms a single plane that has no physical formations (survey) into the yoke profile, whereby the insertion of the drive coil would be hindered ,
  • embodiments are proposed which differ in the length of the armature used or in the position of the working air gap with respect to the central web of the magnetic yoke.
  • the magnet parts (yoke 10 and armature 60) of the magnet arrangement consist of stamped sheet packages and have a rectangular cross section.
  • the packages are riveted without cover plates (rivets 80), resulting in the mechanical cohesion.
  • the fixed, ring or C-shaped magnetic yoke 10 is arranged, which comprises two side legs 11 which project perpendicularly from the central web 12 and are thus aligned parallel to each other.
  • the ends 14 of the side legs 11 are angled inwardly towards the armature 60 out.
  • the leg ends are brought close to the armature where they form a narrow passage gap 23 for the armature.
  • the width of the air gaps is a few tenths of a millimeter. Compliance with the air gap width during the anchor movement should be ensured by precise guide elements or - preferably - by a platelet assignment of non-magnetic material.
  • the material support (made of foil or plate) takes place on the air gap surfaces in the passage gap on the magnetic parts 14,14 ', 60th With friction-reducing material support, the friction in the passage gap 23 can be minimized.
  • guide means of the armature is passed during the displacement stroke.
  • the armature 60 is designed prismatic or rod-shaped. Its free end 64 is directed to the center of the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke.
  • the head side 66 of the magnet armature 60 carries a groove 80 for insertion of coupling elements, not shown, for the drive mechanism.
  • a restoring force can be generated by at least one spring.
  • the armature 60 is comprised of a drive coil, not shown, with bobbin and field winding.
  • the magnet assembly is completed by the drive coil, which occupies the space (yoke or inner profile 300) between the central web 12, side legs 11 and leg ends 14 almost completely, and in the interior of the armature 60 is moved in the direction of the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke.
  • the armature has a corresponding stroke in the working air gap 22.
  • the shape of the working air gap 22 is designed wedge-shaped or triangular.
  • the magnet arrangement is formed symmetrically to a vertical plane of symmetry of the C-shaped magnetic yoke.
  • the yoke profile 300 spanned by the magnetic yoke 10 is square or rectangular.
  • the cross section formed by the yoke profile allows according to the embodiment Fig. 1 the unimpeded insertion of the drive coil, not shown, including bobbin perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the magnetic yoke.
  • the working air gap is formed such that the magnet armature facing the entire inner surface 17 of the transverse leg 12 forms such a surface beyond which no elevation projects into the yoke 300.
  • the two embodiments according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 differ in the length of the armature and the position of the working air gap 22 and also in the size of the winding space for the drive coil.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 2 has the yoke profile a larger space, since the central web 12 with a smallest possible cross section is executable.
  • an extension web 13 is formed on the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke.
  • a wedge-shaped working air gap is formed, according to the corresponding embodiment Fig. 1 ,
  • the leg ends 14 are formed integrally with the magnetic yoke 10.
  • the entire magnetic yoke 10 consists of uniform punching plates, which are held together with rivets 80.
  • the flux guides 14 'with notches 114 may be inserted in grooves on the head side of the side legs 11.
  • the multi-part design is necessary because it allows the assembly of the drive coil in the yoke in time before the assembly of the magnetic yoke.
  • stop plates of non-magnetic material for example, plastic or metal foil.
  • Two stop plates can be arranged symmetrically on the armature or on the magnetic yoke or both. With the stop plates, a defined air gap thickness is formed, which excludes a sticking together and whereby the anti-maneuvering function of the air gap is met.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Impact Printers (AREA)

Abstract

The armature (60) is guided (40) during its stroke. Its tip (64) points to the center of the yoke (10) bridging section (12). A V-shaped air gap (22) between them, is a defined by surfaces (15, 65) at an angle to the armature axis.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gleichstrom-Elektromagneten aus geblechten Magnetteilen für den Einsatz in einem elektrischen Schaltgerät, insbesondere in einem Schütz mit einer Antriebsspule.The invention relates to a DC electromagnet made of laminated magnet parts for use in an electrical switching device, in particular in a contactor with a drive coil.

Gleichstrom-Elektromagnete, die insbesondere bei Schützen benutzt werden, gibt es in verschiedenen Formen. Wenn solche Elektromagnete zwei Polflächenpaare umfassen, beispielsweise bei einem U-förmigen Magnetjoch mit einem stabförmigen, das Magnetjoch schließenden Anker oder bei E-förmigen Magnetteilen, ist die relative Anpassung der Position der Polflächenpaare notwendig. Weiterhin liegen bei solchen Elektromagneten mindestens zwei Arbeitsluftspalte vor, wodurch die Größe der Verlustleistung mitbestimmt ist.DC electromagnets, which are used in particular for contactors, come in various forms. If such electromagnets comprise two pairs of pole faces, for example a U-shaped magnetic yoke with a rod-shaped magnet yoke closing armature or E-shaped magnet parts, the relative adjustment of the position of the pole face pairs is necessary. Furthermore, there are at least two working air gaps in such electromagnets, whereby the size of the power loss is co-determined.

Aus den Schriften DE 35 05 724 C2 und US 4 700 165 gehen Anordnungen hervor mit je einem E-förmigen festehenden und einem E-förmigen beweglichen Magnetkern. Dabei sind drei Polflächenpaare und drei Arbeitsluftspalte vorhanden. Die geradlinige Relativbewegung der Magnetkerne zueinander ohne Verkippen der Magnetkerne muss durch Führungseinrichtungen gewährleistet werden. Insbesondere sind die Enden der seitlichen Schenkel der Magnetkerne mit abgeschrägten Flächen versehen, wodurch eine Selbstausrichtung zustande kommt.From the scriptures DE 35 05 724 C2 and US 4,700,165 Arrange arrangements, each with an E-shaped fixed and an E-shaped movable magnetic core. There are three pairs of pole faces and three working air gaps. The rectilinear relative movement of the magnetic cores to each other without tilting the magnetic cores must be ensured by guide devices. In particular, the ends of the lateral legs of the magnetic cores are provided with chamfered surfaces, whereby a self-alignment is achieved.

Ähnliche Anordnungen mit jeweils E-förmigen festehenden und beweglichen Magnetkernen sind bekannt ( DE 28 44 361 A1 und US 4 700 165 B). Bei diesen Anordnungen sind ebenfalls die Enden der seitlichen Schenkel der Magnetkerne abgeschrägt und es werden ebenfalls Führungseinrichtungen eingesetzt, die die Relativbewegung der Magnetkerne zueinander stabilisieren.Similar arrangements, each with E-shaped fixed and movable magnetic cores are known ( DE 28 44 361 A1 and US 4,700,165 B). In these arrangements, the ends of the lateral legs of the magnetic cores are also chamfered and guide means are also used which stabilize the relative movement of the magnetic cores to one another.

Weiterhin ist eine DC-Elektromagnetanordnung aus geblechten Magnetteilen in der GB 532 905 A , die als nächstliegender Stand der Technik angesehen wird, veröffentlicht worden. Die Merkmale dieser Magnetanordnung bilden den Oberbegriff der Anmeldung.Furthermore, a DC electromagnet assembly of laminated magnet parts in the GB 532 905 A , which is considered to be the closest prior art, has been published. The features of this magnet arrangement form the preamble of the application.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gleichstrom-Elektromagnet anzugeben mit vergleichsweise ähnlicher Verlustleistung und Funktionalität, mit vermindertem Kostenaufwand in der Herstellung, bzw. mit möglichst kleiner Anzahl Magnetteile und bei dem die Zahl der Polflächenpaare vermindert ist.The invention has for its object to provide a DC electromagnet with comparatively similar power loss and functionality, with reduced cost in the production, or with the smallest possible number of magnetic parts and in which the number of Polflächenpaare is reduced.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches gelöst, während den abhängigen Ansprüchen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind.The object is achieved by the features of the independent claim, while the dependent claims advantageous developments of the invention can be found.

Der Kern der Erfindung liegt darin, dass eine Konstruktion mit E-förmigen Magnetkörpern nicht verwendet wird. Es ist gegenüber den genannten Schriften des Standes der Technik nur ein einziger Arbeitsluftspalt vorhanden.The essence of the invention is that a construction with E-shaped magnetic bodies is not used. There is only a single working air gap compared to the cited prior art documents.

Somit besteht die Erfindung darin, dass das feststehende Magnetjoch ring- oder C-förmig ausgebildet ist und einen Mittelsteg und zwei, vom Mittelsteg gewinkelt abstehende Magnetjochschenkel umfasst. Weiterhin ist zwischen dem freien Ende des bewegbaren prismatischen Ankers und der Mitte des Mittelstegs senkrecht zur Längsachse des Ankers ein einziger Arbeitsluftspalt ausgebildet; die beiden freien Schenkelenden des Magnetjochs sind nah an den Anker herangeführt, wo ein enger Durchtrittsspalt für den Anker gebildet ist.Thus, the invention consists in that the fixed magnetic yoke is ring-shaped or C-shaped and comprises a central web and two, from the central web angled protruding Magnetjochschenkel. Furthermore, a single working air gap is formed between the free end of the movable prismatic armature and the center of the central web perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the armature; the two free leg ends of the magnetic yoke are brought close to the armature, where a narrow passage gap for the armature is formed.

Der Anker wird bei seinem Verschiebungshub durch Führungseinrichtungen geleitet. Das freie Ende des Ankers ist auf den Mittelsteg des Magnetjochs gerichtet und die Flächen des Arbeitsluftspalts sind schräg gegen die Achse des Ankers ausgebildet.The armature is guided by guide means during its displacement stroke. The free end of the armature is directed to the central web of the magnetic yoke and the surfaces of the working air gap are formed obliquely against the axis of the armature.

Der zwischen den freien Enden der Magnetjochschenkel und dem Anker ausgebildete enge Durchtrittsspalt stellt nur noch einen parasitären Luftspalt dar, dessen magnetischer Widerstand sich bei Verschiebungshubbewegungen nicht ändert.The formed between the free ends of the yoke legs and the armature narrow passage gap represents only a parasitic air gap whose magnetic resistance does not change in Verschiebungshubbewegungen.

Es wird eine symmetrische Ausbildung des Arbeitsluftspalts bevorzugt, bei der die Flächen keilförmig liegen. Die Keilform des Arbeitsluftspalts ist am freien Ende des Ankers derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Keilspitze in der Symmetrieebene des Mittelstegs liegt und der Keil auf den Mittelsteg gerichtet ist. Korrespondierend dazu ist die Keilform des Arbeitsluftspalts am Mittelsteg als keilförmige Vertiefung ausgebildet. Der Arbeitsluftspalt ist mit mindestens einem Anschlag aus unmagnetischem Material versehen, wobei das Material bei geschlossenem Magnetkreis den Remanenzluftspalt bildet.It is preferred a symmetrical design of the working air gap, in which the surfaces are wedge-shaped. The wedge shape of the working air gap is formed at the free end of the armature such that the wedge tip lies in the plane of symmetry of the central web and the wedge is directed to the central web. Corresponding to the wedge shape of the working air gap is formed on the central web as a wedge-shaped recess. The working air gap is out with at least one stop provided with nonmagnetic material, wherein the material forms the remanence air gap with closed magnetic circuit.

Mit der Ausbildung symmetrischer, keilförmiger Flächen im Arbeitsluftspalt werden definierte Kraftverhältnisse zwischen Anker und Magnetjoch erzielt. Es kann kein Seitwärtskippen oder Rutschen an den Schrägflächen auftreten, da eine Art Selbstzentrierung vorliegt. Mit der Ausbildung der Keilform wird die wirksame Magnetfläche und damit die magnetische Energie im Luftspalt vergrößert, insbesondere bei großem Luftspalt.With the formation of symmetrical, wedge-shaped surfaces in the working air gap defined power relations between armature and magnetic yoke are achieved. There can be no sideways tilting or slipping on the inclined surfaces, as there is a kind of self-centering. With the formation of the wedge shape, the effective magnetic surface and thus the magnetic energy in the air gap is increased, especially with a large air gap.

Im folgenden wird unter "Jochprofil" der Innenraum verstanden, der durch die Innenflächen der Seitenschenkel und des Mittelstegs gebildet wird. Die dem Jochprofil zugewandte Fläche des Mittelstegs kann vorzugsweise ohne Erhebungen oder Einsprünge in das Jochprofil hinein ausgebildet sein. Als Alternative dazu ist am Mittelsteg des Magnetjochs ein Verlängerungssteg ausgebildet, welcher die keilförmige Vertiefung als Korrespondenz zum am Ende des Ankers ausgebildeten Arbeitsluftspalt trägt.In the following, "yoke profile" is understood to mean the interior space which is formed by the inner surfaces of the lateral limbs and of the middle web. The yoke profile facing surface of the central web may preferably be formed without elevations or jumps into the yoke in profile. As an alternative, an extension web is formed on the central web of the magnetic yoke, which carries the wedge-shaped depression as correspondence to the trained at the end of the armature working air gap.

Der Vorteil der beschriebenen Magnetanordnung liegt darin, dass gegenüber Anordnungen mit vergleichbarem Antriebsvolumen und vergleichbarer Verlustleistung höhere Kontaktdruckkräfte erreichbar sind. Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, dass der Aufbau aus Stanz-Pakettier-Blechen erstellt wird, die geschweißt oder genietet sein können. Die Montage des Antriebs lässt sich einfach gestalten, da durch den symmetrischen Aufbau der Magnetanordnung nur wenige Kupplungselemente eingesetzt werden müssen. Insgesamt lässt sich also die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Herstellung verbessern.The advantage of the magnet arrangement described is that higher contact pressure forces can be achieved compared to arrangements with a comparable drive volume and comparable power loss. Furthermore, it is advantageous that the structure of stamped Pakettier sheets is created, which may be welded or riveted. The installation of the drive can be made simple because only a few coupling elements must be used by the symmetrical structure of the magnet assembly. Overall, therefore, the profitability of production can be improved.

Für die Montage der Antriebsspule wird bei einer der Ausführungsformen ein möglichst großer Freiraum geschaffen. Die Ausbildung des Arbeitsluftspalts ist auf diese Forderung (erste Ausbildungsform) derart abgestellt, dass die dem Magnetanker zugewandte gesamte Innenfläche des Querschenkels eine einzige Ebene bildet, die keine körperliche Ausformungen (Erhebung) hinein in das Jochprofil besitzt, wodurch das Einführen der Antriebsspule behindert werden würde.For the assembly of the drive coil the largest possible space is created in one of the embodiments. The design of the working air gap is adjusted to this requirement (first embodiment) so that the magnet armature facing the entire inner surface of the transverse leg forms a single plane that has no physical formations (survey) into the yoke profile, whereby the insertion of the drive coil would be hindered ,

Zu dem erfindungsgemäßen Gegenstand werden Ausführungsformen vorgeschlagen, die sich in der Länge des eingesetzten Ankers bzw. in der Lage des Arbeitsluftspaltes in bezug auf den Mittelsteg des Magnetjochs unterscheiden.For the subject invention, embodiments are proposed which differ in the length of the armature used or in the position of the working air gap with respect to the central web of the magnetic yoke.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten beiden Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen

Figur 1:
Magnetanordnung mit langem Anker und tief im Mittelsteg des Magnetjochs liegendem Arbeitsluftspalt und
Figur 2:
Magnetanordnung mit kürzerem Anker und am Mittelsteg des Magnetjochs mit verlängertem Steg ausgebildetem Arbeitsluftspalt.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, explained with reference to figures two embodiments. Show it
FIG. 1:
Magnet arrangement with a long armature and lying deep in the central web of the magnetic yoke working air gap and
FIG. 2:
Magnet arrangement with a shorter armature and formed on the central web of the magnetic yoke with extended web working air gap.

Die Magnetteile (Joch 10 und Anker 60) der Magnetanordnung bestehen aus Stanzblech-Paketen und haben rechteckigen Querschnitt. Die Pakete sind ohne Deckbleche vernietet (Niete 80), woraus sich der mechanische Zusammenhalt ergibt. Damit wird eine sehr wirtschaftliche Fertigung erreicht, die bei Herstellung aus Drehteilen (insbesondere bei der des Ankers) nicht möglich ist.The magnet parts (yoke 10 and armature 60) of the magnet arrangement consist of stamped sheet packages and have a rectangular cross section. The packages are riveted without cover plates (rivets 80), resulting in the mechanical cohesion. For a very economical production is achieved, which is not possible in the production of turned parts (especially in the case of the anchor).

In einem nicht dargestellten Gehäuse ist das feststehende, ring- oder C-förmige Magnetjoch 10 angeordnet, das zwei Seitenschenkel 11 umfasst, die senkrecht vom Mittelsteg 12 abstehen und somit parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind. Die Enden 14 der Seitenschenkel 11 sind nach innen zum Anker 60 hin abgewinkelt. Die Schenkelenden sind dicht an den Magnetanker herangeführt, wo sie einen engen Durchtrittsspalt 23 für den Anker bilden. Im Durchtrittsspalt ist zwischen Schenkelende und Anker je ein parasitärer Luftspalt vorhanden. Die Weite der Luftspalte beträgt wenige Zehntel mm. Die Einhaltung der Luftspaltweite während der Ankerbewegung sollte über präzise Führungselemente oder - vorzugsweise - durch eine Plättchenbelegung aus unmagnetischem Material gewährleistet werden. Die Material-Auflage (aus Folie oder Plättchen) erfolgt auf den Luftspaltflächen im Durchtrittsspalt auf den Magnetteilen 14,14',60. Mit reibungsmindernder Materialauflage kann die Reibung im Durchtrittsspalt 23 minimiert werden. Durch mit Bezugszeichen 40 angedeutete Führungseinrichtungen wird der Magnetanker während des Verschiebungshubs geleitet.In a housing, not shown, the fixed, ring or C-shaped magnetic yoke 10 is arranged, which comprises two side legs 11 which project perpendicularly from the central web 12 and are thus aligned parallel to each other. The ends 14 of the side legs 11 are angled inwardly towards the armature 60 out. The leg ends are brought close to the armature where they form a narrow passage gap 23 for the armature. In the passage gap between parasitic end and anchor ever a parasitic air gap is present. The width of the air gaps is a few tenths of a millimeter. Compliance with the air gap width during the anchor movement should be ensured by precise guide elements or - preferably - by a platelet assignment of non-magnetic material. The material support (made of foil or plate) takes place on the air gap surfaces in the passage gap on the magnetic parts 14,14 ', 60th With friction-reducing material support, the friction in the passage gap 23 can be minimized. By indicated with reference numeral 40 guide means of the armature is passed during the displacement stroke.

Der Magnetanker 60 ist prismatisch oder stabförmig gestaltet. Sein freies Ende 64 ist auf die Mitte des Mittelstegs 12 des Magnetjochs gerichtet. Die Kopfseite 66 des Magnetankers 60 trägt eine Nut 80 zur Einführung von nicht dargestellten Kupplungselemente für den Antriebsmechanismus. Eine Rückstellkraft kann durch mindestens eine Feder erzeugt werden.The armature 60 is designed prismatic or rod-shaped. Its free end 64 is directed to the center of the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke. The head side 66 of the magnet armature 60 carries a groove 80 for insertion of coupling elements, not shown, for the drive mechanism. A restoring force can be generated by at least one spring.

Der Magnetanker 60 wird von einer nicht dargestellten Antriebsspule mit Spulenkörper und Erregerwicklung umfasst. Die Magnetanordnung wird durch die Antriebsspule komplettiert, die den Raum (Joch- oder Innenprofil 300) zwischen Mittelsteg 12, Seitenschenkeln 11 und Schenkelenden 14 nahezu vollständig einnimmt, und in deren Inneren der Anker 60 in Richtung auf den Mittelsteg 12 des Magnetjochs bewegt wird. Der Magnetanker hat einen entsprechenden Hub im Arbeitsluftspalt 22. Die Form des Arbeitsluftspaltes 22 ist keilförmig oder dreieckförmig gestaltet.The armature 60 is comprised of a drive coil, not shown, with bobbin and field winding. The magnet assembly is completed by the drive coil, which occupies the space (yoke or inner profile 300) between the central web 12, side legs 11 and leg ends 14 almost completely, and in the interior of the armature 60 is moved in the direction of the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke. The armature has a corresponding stroke in the working air gap 22. The shape of the working air gap 22 is designed wedge-shaped or triangular.

Die Magnetanordnung ist symmetrisch zu einer senkrechten Symmetrieebene des C-förmigen Magnetjochs ausgebildet.The magnet arrangement is formed symmetrically to a vertical plane of symmetry of the C-shaped magnetic yoke.

Das vom Magnetjoch 10 umspannte Jochprofil 300 ist quadratisch oder rechteckig ausgebildet. Der vom Jochprofil gebildete Querschnitt erlaubt in der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1 das ungehinderte Einschieben der nicht dargestellten Antriebsspule einschließlich Spulenkörper senkrecht zur Symmetrieebene des Magnetjochs.The yoke profile 300 spanned by the magnetic yoke 10 is square or rectangular. The cross section formed by the yoke profile allows according to the embodiment Fig. 1 the unimpeded insertion of the drive coil, not shown, including bobbin perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the magnetic yoke.

Um einen großen Freiraum für die Antriebsspule zu gewährleisten, ist der Arbeitsluftspalt derart ausgebildet, dass die dem Magnetanker zugewandte gesamte Innenfläche 17 des Querschenkels 12 eine solche Oberfläche bildet, über die keine Erhebung hinein in das Jochprofil 300 ragt.In order to ensure a large clearance for the drive coil, the working air gap is formed such that the magnet armature facing the entire inner surface 17 of the transverse leg 12 forms such a surface beyond which no elevation projects into the yoke 300.

Die beiden Ausführungsformen nach Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 unterscheiden sich in der Länge des Ankers und der Lage des Arbeitsluftspaltes 22 und auch in der Größe des Wickelraums für die Antriebsspule. In der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 2 besitzt das Jochprofil einen größeren Freiraum, da der Mittelsteg 12 mit einem kleinstmöglichen Querschnitt ausführbar ist. Auf dem Mittelsteg 12 des Magnetjochs ist ein Verlängerungssteg 13 ausgebildet. Zwischen Verlängerungssteg und dem freien Ende 64 des Ankers ist ein keilförmiger Arbeitsluftspalt ausgebildet, mit entsprechender Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1.The two embodiments according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 differ in the length of the armature and the position of the working air gap 22 and also in the size of the winding space for the drive coil. In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 has the yoke profile a larger space, since the central web 12 with a smallest possible cross section is executable. On the central web 12 of the magnetic yoke, an extension web 13 is formed. Between extension web and the free end 64 of the armature a wedge-shaped working air gap is formed, according to the corresponding embodiment Fig. 1 ,

In der DC-Elektromagnetanordnung nach Figur 1 sind die Schenkelenden 14 einstückig mit dem Magnetjoch 10 ausgebildet. Das gesamte Magnetjoch 10 besteht aus einheitlichen Stanzblechen, die mit Niete 80 zusammengehalten sind.In the DC electromagnet arrangement according to FIG. 1 the leg ends 14 are formed integrally with the magnetic yoke 10. The entire magnetic yoke 10 consists of uniform punching plates, which are held together with rivets 80.

In der Anordnung nach Figur 2 sind die Schenkelenden 14' aus magnetleitenden Stücken (Flussleitstücke) am Magnetjoch 10 ausgebildet und mit nicht näher dargestellten Verbindungen an den Seitenschenkeln 11 befestigt. Vorzugsweise können die Flussleitstücke 14' mit Kerben 114 in Nuten auf der Kopfseite der Seitenschenkel 11 eingelegt sein. Die mehrteilige Ausbildung ist notwendig, weil dadurch die Montage der Antriebsspule in das Magnetjoch hinein zeitlich vor dem Zusammenbau des Magnetjochs ermöglicht wird.In the arrangement according to FIG. 2 are the leg ends 14 'of magnetic conducting pieces (flux guides) formed on the yoke 10 and secured with not shown connections to the side legs 11. Preferably, the flux guides 14 'with notches 114 may be inserted in grooves on the head side of the side legs 11. The multi-part design is necessary because it allows the assembly of the drive coil in the yoke in time before the assembly of the magnetic yoke.

Mit Bezugszeichen 77 sind Flächen angezeigt, die mit Anschlagplättchen aus unmagnetischem Material (beispielsweise Kunststoff- oder Metallfolie) belegt sein sollten. Zwei Anschlagplättchen können symmetrisch am Anker oder am Magnetjoch oder an beiden angeordnet sein. Mit den Anschlagplättchen wird eine definierte Luftspaltdicke gebildet, die ein Aneinanderhaften ausschließt und wodurch die Antiremanenzfunktion des Luftspalts erfüllt wird.With reference numeral 77 areas are displayed, which should be occupied with stop plates of non-magnetic material (for example, plastic or metal foil). Two stop plates can be arranged symmetrically on the armature or on the magnetic yoke or both. With the stop plates, a defined air gap thickness is formed, which excludes a sticking together and whereby the anti-maneuvering function of the air gap is met.

Claims (9)

  1. A DC electromagnet arrangement made from laminated magnet parts for use in an electrical switching device, in particular in a contactor with a drive coil,
    comprising a stationary magnet yoke (10) formed of a central web (12) and two legs (11),
    the free ends (14, 14') of the magnet yoke legs (11) being arranged spaced from one another, forming a narrow passage gap (23) for a mobile, prismatic armature (60),
    the armature (60) being guided by guide means (40) during its displacement stroke,
    the free end (64) of the armature (60) being directed towards the central web (12) of the magnet yoke (10), and a working air gap (22) being present between the free end (64) of the armature (60) and the middle of the central web (12) perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the armature (60), the faces (15, 65) of which air gap (22) are inclined obliquely relative to the axis of the armature (60),
    characterised in that the faces (15, 65) of the working air gap (22) located in the axis of the armature (60) are of wedge-shaped construction, and in that the free end faces, facing the magnet armature, of the magnet parts (14, 14', 60) are covered with a non-magnetic foil.
  2. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the wedge shape of the working air gap (22) at the armature (60) is such that the wedge apex extends in the plane of symmetry of the central web (12).
  3. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the wedge apex is oriented towards the central web (12).
  4. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to any one of claims 2, 3 or 4, characterised in that the wedge shape of the working air gap (22) at the magnet yoke (10) takes the form of a wedge-shaped recess.
  5. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner face (17), facing the yoke profile (300), of the central web (12) has no elevations protruding into the yoke profile (300).
  6. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the working air gap (22) at the magnet yoke is formed by means of an extension web (13) in the middle of the central web (12).
  7. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the working air gap is provided with at least one stop lamina (77) of nonmagnetic material.
  8. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the leg ends (14) are formed in one piece with the magnet yoke (10).
  9. A DC electromagnet arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the leg ends (14') are formed from magnetically conductive pieces on the magnet yoke (10).
EP03003903A 2002-04-05 2003-02-21 DC electromagnet Expired - Lifetime EP1351262B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10215018A DE10215018A1 (en) 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 DC electromagnet
DE10215018 2002-04-05

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EP1351262A2 EP1351262A2 (en) 2003-10-08
EP1351262A3 EP1351262A3 (en) 2004-12-08
EP1351262B1 true EP1351262B1 (en) 2008-08-20

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US (1) US6731191B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1351262B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE405939T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10215018A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2312673T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10359640B3 (en) * 2003-12-18 2004-10-14 Moeller Gmbh Electromagnet device for electrical switchgear or magnetic drive has magnetic yoke and/or armature of drive coil provided with impact-resistant coating
DE102004002528A1 (en) * 2004-01-12 2005-08-04 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic linear drive
JP4285354B2 (en) * 2004-07-26 2009-06-24 株式会社デンソー Linear solenoid and solenoid valve
EP1892739A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft An electromagnetic drive unit and an electromechanical switching device
US8451080B2 (en) * 2011-02-16 2013-05-28 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Magnetic field focusing for actuator applications
US8736128B2 (en) 2011-08-10 2014-05-27 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Three dimensional magnetic field manipulation in electromagnetic devices
US8570128B1 (en) 2012-06-08 2013-10-29 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Magnetic field manipulation devices and actuators incorporating the same
US9231309B2 (en) 2012-07-27 2016-01-05 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Metamaterial magnetic field guide
WO2017023235A1 (en) * 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Device and method for inspection of polymeric material with ferrous reinforcement
CN110911233B (en) * 2018-09-17 2022-08-30 伊顿电气有限公司 Direct current magnetic system and power equipment

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GB532905A (en) * 1939-09-23 1941-02-03 Igranic Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electromagnets
CH366333A (en) * 1957-08-16 1962-12-31 Renault Electro magnet
DE2530536A1 (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-01-13 Licentia Gmbh Electromagnet cores and armatures for circuit breakers - where pole surfaces are coated with boride to prevent wear
FR2406885A1 (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-18 Telemecanique Electrique ELECTRO-MAGNET FOR CONTACTOR SUPPLIED WITH DIRECT CURRENT
FR2560429B1 (en) * 1984-02-28 1987-06-19 Telemecanique Electrique QUIET ELECTRO-MAGNET AND CONTACTOR USING SUCH ELECTRO-MAGNET
FR2566571B1 (en) * 1984-06-25 1986-09-26 Telemecanique Electrique SURGE SUPPRESSOR DEVICE FOR ELECTROMAGNET AND ELECTROMAGNET EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE

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Publication number Publication date
EP1351262A3 (en) 2004-12-08
EP1351262A2 (en) 2003-10-08
US6731191B2 (en) 2004-05-04
DE50310337D1 (en) 2008-10-02
DE10215018A1 (en) 2003-10-23
ES2312673T3 (en) 2009-03-01
ATE405939T1 (en) 2008-09-15
US20030189474A1 (en) 2003-10-09

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