EP1344427A1 - Systeme d'auralisation d'un haut-parleur dans un espace d'audition pour n'importe quel type de signaux d'entree - Google Patents

Systeme d'auralisation d'un haut-parleur dans un espace d'audition pour n'importe quel type de signaux d'entree

Info

Publication number
EP1344427A1
EP1344427A1 EP00985236A EP00985236A EP1344427A1 EP 1344427 A1 EP1344427 A1 EP 1344427A1 EP 00985236 A EP00985236 A EP 00985236A EP 00985236 A EP00985236 A EP 00985236A EP 1344427 A1 EP1344427 A1 EP 1344427A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
room
simulation unit
signal
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00985236A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Juergen Ringlstetter
Leonhard Kreitmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Harman Audio Electronic Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harman Audio Electronic Systems GmbH filed Critical Harman Audio Electronic Systems GmbH
Publication of EP1344427A1 publication Critical patent/EP1344427A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for auralizing a given loudspeaker in a given listening room with any input signals.
  • This effort is also multiplied if - as is often the case - not only one speaker system is to be tested in a listening room, but if several different speaker systems and / or different listening rooms are to be tested.
  • the replacement of the speaker systems and / or the changing of the listening room is difficult and involves considerable additional effort.
  • the assessment of loudspeaker systems in vehicle interiors is difficult because the test subjects can only be queried one after the other for each seating position and changes to the loudspeaker systems and the interior are usually associated with a constructional and time-consuming effort.
  • testing is usually carried out on motor vehicles. wise at the end of the development period, i.e. at a point in time when there are still a small number of interiors to be tested and the time available for testing the acoustics is very short.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement in which at least one given loudspeaker can be tested in at least one given listening room with any input signals with significantly less effort.
  • the invention provides various simulation units, in particular in connection with various acoustic measurement and analysis systems for the integral auralization of loudspeaker and room properties.
  • the transmission path from the electrical signal at the loudspeaker input to the sound signal at the listener's ear is auralized.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is particularly suitable for simulating vehicle interiors equipped with one or more loudspeakers.
  • the level-dependent transmission functions of the individual loudspeaker also its large signal behavior
  • the spatial transmission functions from the individual loudspeaker to the left and right ear including the spatial radiation properties of the loudspeaker, the spatial transmission function with attenuation and reflections and the spatial sound distribution are taken into account ,
  • a virtual vehicle interior is created which is equipped with virtual loudspeakers to be tested. In this way, the length of time for which a listening room, in particular a vehicle interior, must be available to tune its sound system can be significantly reduced. The vote takes place largely on the virtual vehicle.
  • a loudspeaker simulation unit that has a first transmission function that at least partially describes the transmission behavior of the loudspeaker, and a room simulation unit connected downstream of this that has a second transmission function that at least partially describes the transmission behavior of the given listening room.
  • a further unit is provided, either by a presentation unit connected downstream of the room simulation unit, which generates an acoustic signal corresponding to the auditory impression of the loudspeaker in the listening room, or by an evaluation unit connected downstream from the room simulation unit, which performs the task of the
  • Room simulation unit evaluates signal provided with respect to at least one psychoacoustic measurement variable and outputs a corresponding measurement signal, wherein this measurement signal corresponds to a measurement signal that occurs when the input signals are presented in the listening room.
  • the transmission path between the input of the loudspeaker and the hearing of the listener can thus be auralized, with a corresponding psychoacoustic evaluation unit being provided in addition to or instead of a listener in order to objectify subjective psychoacoustic criteria.
  • the presentation device preferably has headphones and an amplifier, which are equalized in such a way that the signal generated by the room simulation unit in the headphones produces an auditory impression that corresponds to that produced by the loudspeaker in FIG ⁇ ⁇ t ⁇ o c ⁇ O L ⁇ O L ⁇
  • LQ CQ QP LQ Q. tr 1 Q ⁇ - ⁇ - • ⁇ • PP ti 0 CQ 23 SU ⁇ P ⁇ - ⁇ CQ ⁇ -
  • the first and second transfer functions can be derived from loudspeaker parameters or from room parameters that have been determined by calculation and / or measurement.
  • loudspeaker parameters can also be provided, from which the directional characteristic of the respective loudspeaker can be determined, these parameters being fed to the room simulation unit and influencing the second transmission function. In this way, very different loudspeakers can be used in the radiation properties without distorting the auditory impression.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a speaker simulation unit for use in an arrangement according to Fig. 1 and
  • FIG. 3 shows a room simulation unit for use in an arrangement according to FIG. 1.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 comprises an input selection unit 1 for connecting, for example, four signal sources, one of which is formed by a compact disc player CD, a digital signal processor DSP, a power amplifier AMP and any other source MISC.
  • the CD player CD and the digital signal processor DSP deliver digital audio signals, while the signals from the power amplifier AMP and the signals from the other source MISC are analog.
  • TJ TJ L0 Within the input dialer ⁇ .
  • TJ Cn f ⁇ 4 CQ CQ 4-) ⁇ ⁇ rö u ⁇ J fi U rö fi ti 4 rö ti ti CQ rH
  • the subjective perception of the listener can also be simulated by a psychoacoustic evaluation device 7, which is connected downstream of the room simulation unit 3, evaluating the signal provided by the latter with regard to at least one psychoacoustic measurement variable.
  • the transfer functions for the loudspeaker simulation units 2 and the loudspeaker simulation unit 3 are either provided by corresponding measuring devices 8 or 10 or special calculation units 9 or 11 and are loaded into the respective units, for example as parameters or as a corresponding microprogram.
  • the measuring units 8 and 10 and the calculation units 9 and 11 are expediently integrated with the respective simulation units, that is to say the loudspeaker simulation units 2 and the room simulation unit 3.
  • So-called loudspeaker distortion analyzers such as those sold by Klippel GmbH, for example, can be used as loudspeaker simulation units.
  • both the metrological determination of the non-linear properties of a given dynamic loudspeaker and the audibility of the distortions resulting from these measured non-linearities can be made by means of an auralization function.
  • the large signal behavior of the loudspeaker to be simulated in the loudspeaker simulation unit 2 and / or the room response (including the radiation characteristic of the loudspeaker), the total room response and the Directional characteristic of the microphone arrangement (for example artificial head) can be used.
  • the nonlinear properties can be determined as follows. First, an output signal is generated to excite the loudspeaker to be measured, which is, for example, a digitally generated noise.
  • the loudspeaker to be simulated is operated with this signal and, for this purpose, certain variables are evaluated at the electrical input of the loudspeaker. For example, the current that flows through the speaker coil and the voltage that is present at the speaker coil are detected. Furthermore, the deflection of the loudspeaker membrane is determined, for example, by a laser distance sensor, the signal of which is also available in an electrical form.
  • Certain small signal parameters and certain large signal parameters of the loudspeaker are then measured from these input variables.
  • the same variables that are specified in the small signal parameters are shown as a function of the deflection.
  • the efficiency of the loudspeaker is determined, which is also dependent on the effective diaphragm area, the compression and the thermal parameters of the coil and magnet system.
  • control data are also determined, which include, for example, the peak values of the deflection over the entire measurement time, current, voltage and power over the measurement time and the coil temperature over the measurement time.
  • the information required to determine the speaker properties is extracted from the electrical noise signal, which is present at the speaker terminals, and the signal from the laser distance sensor, which contains the information about the membrane movement.
  • the ef- fective membrane area required which can be measured and entered manually, for example.
  • the noise signal is fed to the power amplifier, which is preferably also otherwise used, and from there the amplified signal is passed on to the measuring device 8, which it then finally transmits to the loudspeaker.
  • the feedback of the amplified signal to the measuring device 8 is used so that it can evaluate the current and the voltage of the signal with which the loudspeaker is actually applied.
  • the noise signal initially has a low level at the beginning of the measurement, since the small signal parameters are to be determined. To determine the large signal parameters, the level of the noise signal is then increased continuously until a predetermined upper limit is reached.
  • the primary variables from which most of the other parameters can be derived are the force factor over the membrane deflection AK, the coil inductance SI over the membrane deflection and the stiffness SK of the suspension over the membrane deflection.
  • a loudspeaker is first measured or its measurement data, which have already been determined or calculated earlier, are, for example, from the database L LO tt ⁇ 1 ⁇ >
  • a shadow filter 15 is provided there, which is constructed identically to the filter 12. Instead of the shadow filter 15, the filter 12 itself could also be used in the same way.
  • the filter 15 and a loudspeaker 16 to be measured are equally activated by a signal source 17.
  • the diaphragm movement of the loudspeaker 16 is detected by a distance sensor 18 (for example a laser distance sensor) and fed to a comparison device 19. This also receives the output signal of the signal source 17 and the output signal of the filter 15. Starting from the signal of the signal source 17, the output signal of the filter 15 and the signal provided by the distance sensor 18 are then compared with one another and the filter 15 is dependent on this comparison in this way set that the differences between the two signals are minimized.
  • the comparison device 19 evaluates, for example, the force factor over the membrane deflection, the coil inductance over the membrane deflection, the rigidity over the membrane deflection, the mechanical damping, thermal resistance and thermal capacity of the coil and magnet system.
  • the filter coefficients determined by the comparison device 19 can then be passed on directly to the filter 12 or can be stored in the memory 14 for later use. Either the coefficients can thus already be passed on to the loudspeaker simulation unit 2 (FIG. 3) or parameters from which the loudspeaker simulation unit 2 itself calculates the coefficients (FIG. 2).
  • So-called binaural room scanning processors such as those presented by Studer AG, for example, are used in particular as the room simulation unit 3.
  • the simulation unit is used to auralize the acoustic properties of the listening room with the standard loudspeakers placed in it.
  • the sound signal that reaches the ear of a listener from one or more given loudspeakers in a given listening room is influenced not only by the properties of the loudspeaker, but also by the acoustic properties of the surroundings.
  • the sound not only reaches the listener directly, but also via reflections, whereby diffraction and absorption effects occur.
  • the formation of room modes also influences the sound signal at the ear. These effects depend on the acoustic properties of the room as well as on position, orientation and
  • the sound assessment of a loudspeaker or a loudspeaker arrangement is therefore ultimately only possible if this is carried out in the spatial environment and with the set-up for which the loudspeaker arrangement is intended. If this room with the positioned speakers is not always available, it may be of interest to auralize its acoustic transmission properties. This makes it possible to transmit a sound signal, for example, through headphones (or alternatively through a corresponding near-field To be heard as you would actually hear it in real space.
  • a broadband test signal is applied to the loudspeakers to be measured and recorded with an artificial head.
  • the recorded test signal is compared with the original test signal and the transfer function is calculated from the difference.
  • the resulting transfer function depends on the position, orientation, directional characteristics and the electro-acoustic properties of the loudspeaker (s). Furthermore, there is a dependency on the geometry, the reflection properties and the damping properties of the room as well as on the position, orientation and directional characteristics of the receiver.
  • the respective transfer function can be implemented in a digital filter, for example, and any signals can be reproduced via the filter.
  • the signal changed in this way can then be output via headphones, for example.
  • the monitored signal then contains at least the essential information about the specific listening room.
  • the transfer function is determined not only for a single alignment of the artificial head, but for example for all horizontal alignments of, for example, + 42 ° to -42 ° at 6 ° intervals, around a fixed 0 ° center position. In this case, 15 individual transfer functions result for each of the two stereo channels.
  • the reproduction takes place via headphones 5.
  • the stored transfer functions are called up by the position determination device 6 connected to the headphones 5, for example an angle rotary encoder. depending on the current horizontal alignment of the headphones 5.
  • the transfer function is interpolated for the angles between the recorded transfer functions. This procedure means that the sound pattern that is heard through the headphones remains stable at one point even when the head is turned and does not rotate with it, as would otherwise be the case with headphone playback. Appropriate steps can be taken to take vertical movements into account.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a room simulation unit 2.
  • This consists, for example, of ten individual folding units 20, each of which folds an incoming signal with an interpolated binaural room impulse response pair related to the head position.
  • five individual signal source positions such as left, right, center, left environment and right environment are assumed.
  • Signals are then fed to two individual folding units 20, one of which is connected on the output side to the left channel li and the other to the right channel re of the output provided to control the headphones 5.
  • the individual space impulse responses are provided by a control unit 21, which stores the space impulse responses recorded, for example, by an artificial head under the respective conditions in a database, interpolates the transfer functions between the stored data bases and provides the corresponding space impulse responses as a function of a position signal from the position determination unit 6 and these are sent to the folding units 20.
  • the incoming signals left, right, middle, left environment and right environment can be used to determine the virtual position of the virtual sound sources in the virtual 1 ra fi 1 1 1 1.
  • fi 44 1 P in ti ⁇ ⁇ -HP fi 0 -H Dl 1 4J ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 1 P i ⁇ ⁇ -H 4 ⁇ 1 f fi ⁇ rö ⁇ -H fi -H CQ ti CQ J 1 fi fi fi rö P fi rö 44 f *. > TJ fi 33 fi 4 ⁇ • HP 4 ra 0 ra 1 fi H ⁇ 1 rö ⁇ 1 1 rö X fi SH f.
  • the most important loudspeaker transmission functions are recorded in their modulation dependency. Alternatively, these can also be calculated. If the transfer function of the loudspeaker is loaded into the loudspeaker simulation unit, this changes a sound signal in the same way as the original loudspeaker would change. If several loudspeakers are to be auralized at the same time, a corresponding number of loudspeaker simulation units is required.
  • a selection unit makes it possible to connect different signal sources to the signal input of the loudspeaker simulation unit or units.
  • a special feature here is the input connection of a power amplifier provided to control the original loudspeaker. This specially designed input is intended to simulate the impedance of the modeled loudspeaker.
  • any digital signal sources in various data formats and analog signal sources can also be connected.
  • the room transmission function which describes the distance from the speaker to the ear
  • two room transmission functions (left ear / right ear) must be taken into account for each speaker.
  • the resulting room transfer function depends on the position, orientation and directional characteristics of the sound source, the geometry, reflection properties and damping properties of the room as well as the position, orientation and directional characteristics of the receiver.
  • the resulting transfer function can be measured, for example, using a special measuring unit, essentially using an artificial head or a device similar to this. Alternatively, these transfer functions can also be calculated using simulation programs.
  • the room data records are read into the room simulation unit in a corresponding manner. ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système comprenant une unité de simulation de haut-parleur pour simuler le comportement en transmission du haut-parleur et une unité de simulation spatiale montée en aval de la précédente pour simuler le comportement en transmission d'un espace d'audition donné. Une unité de présentation qui fait suite à l'unité de simulation spatiale, produit un signal acoustique correspondant à l'impression d'audition du haut-parleur dans l'espace d'audition, et/ou il s'agit d'une unité d'évaluation qui évalue le signal produit par l'unité de simulation spatiale en ce qui concerne au moins une valeur mesurée psychoacoustique et fournit un signal de mesure correspondant. Ledit signal de mesure correspond à un signal de mesure qui intervient dans l'espace d'audition lors de la présentation des signaux d'entrée.
EP00985236A 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Systeme d'auralisation d'un haut-parleur dans un espace d'audition pour n'importe quel type de signaux d'entree Withdrawn EP1344427A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2000/013137 WO2002052895A1 (fr) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Systeme d'auralisation d'un haut-parleur dans un espace d'audition pour n'importe quel type de signaux d'entree

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1344427A1 true EP1344427A1 (fr) 2003-09-17

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Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7783054B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1344427A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002052895A1 (fr)

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US7783054B2 (en) 2010-08-24
WO2002052895A1 (fr) 2002-07-04

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