EP1343359B1 - EOL-détection avec une interrogation d'électrode intégrée - Google Patents

EOL-détection avec une interrogation d'électrode intégrée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1343359B1
EP1343359B1 EP03003547A EP03003547A EP1343359B1 EP 1343359 B1 EP1343359 B1 EP 1343359B1 EP 03003547 A EP03003547 A EP 03003547A EP 03003547 A EP03003547 A EP 03003547A EP 1343359 B1 EP1343359 B1 EP 1343359B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
electrode
electrodes
detection circuit
life detection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03003547A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1343359A2 (fr
EP1343359A3 (fr
Inventor
Martin Grabner
Markus Heckmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1343359A2 publication Critical patent/EP1343359A2/fr
Publication of EP1343359A3 publication Critical patent/EP1343359A3/fr
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Publication of EP1343359B1 publication Critical patent/EP1343359B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an operating circuit for a low-pressure discharge lamp.
  • Low-pressure discharge lamps have lamp electrodes, usually two electrodes per lamp, which have a limited life. The end of the life of the lamp is usually given by the end of the life of an electrode.
  • a recognition circuit is from the document US 5,808,422 known.
  • EOL detection detection circuits are used for the detection of the end of the life of the electrodes ( " end-of-life” detection: hereinafter referred to as EOL detection).
  • EOL detection detection circuits are used for the detection of the end of the life of the electrodes.
  • a known possibility for the EOL-early detection consists in the measurement of the voltage at a so-called coupling capacitor, which connects an electrode to the positive or negative terminal of the supply and the lamp DC-decoupled and AC-coupled to the supply.
  • This coupling capacitor charges in normal operation in the time average to half of the supply voltage. Deviations from this value can be detected by a comparator and used to detect an imminent end of life.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention is to provide an operating circuit for a low-pressure discharge lamp with an EOL detection circuit, which is simple and enables reliable and reliable lamp operation.
  • an operating circuit for this purpose, in which the EOL detection circuit can measure the DC voltage between the electrodes to perform the early detection based on the measured DC voltage, and the DC voltage between the electrodes can be changed by an offset voltage so that during the measurement the changed DC voltage between the electrodes by the EOL detection circuit only one polarity occurs.
  • the special feature of the operating circuit according to the invention is that the EOL detection circuit now measures the DC voltage between the electrodes of the low-pressure discharge lamp. In the case of completely intact electrodes, ideally no DC voltage occurs during operation. there It is to be recalled that the low-pressure discharge lamp is operated with pure alternating current and is DC-decoupled from the operating circuit.
  • the advantage is that comparatively small voltages are measured, which can be processed with semiconductor components without requiring too large voltage divider ratios. With voltage divider circuits with large division ratios, accuracy problems are basically linked, which can only be remedied by costly component selection. Moreover, the procedure according to the invention for the direct measurement of the DC voltage between the electrodes is particularly simple and hardly dependent on further details of the operating circuit.
  • the EOL detection circuit has an electrode interrogation function.
  • the electrode interrogation function By the electrode interrogation function, the already achieved by the EOL-early detection security advantage of the operating circuit can be further increased. Namely, it is determined by the electrode interrogation whether the one or more terminals of a socket connected to the operating circuit for the low-pressure discharge lamp connected to the associated electrode is / are. If an electrode is not present, the low-pressure discharge lamp is not properly inserted or defective. If there is no electrode, then probably no discharge lamp is used, which results in the need to prevent high voltage loading of the socket, in order to preclude any risk to persons.
  • the electrode interrogation function takes place in that the EOL detection circuit can detect a reference potential via the respective electrode. If the connection to the reference potential is missing, this is detected by the EOL detection circuit, resulting in a statement about the presence of the electrode.
  • the invention should already be realized if only one electrode can be interrogated in the manner described.
  • the safety aspect of preventing a voltage application in the absence of a discharge lamp results namely already then.
  • a " near-ground” electrode can be interrogated, because touching the " off-center” electrode would be less dangerous (query the " cold end”).
  • a query of all existing electrodes is provided, that is usually two electrodes. This results, for example, in the advantage of being able to detect a defect of a discharge lamp being used in every situation.
  • the EOL detection circuit must be connected in each case to a first terminal of all electrodes, their respective other terminal being connected to the respective reference potential.
  • an embodiment provides that the electrode query uses the same measurement input and the same electrode taps as the DC voltage measurement for the purpose of early EOL detection.
  • a further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the DC voltage used for EOL early detection is shifted between the electrodes by an offset voltage such that only one polarity of this DC voltage occurs during the measurement by the EOL detection circuit.
  • the offset voltage must therefore be at least as large as the already mentioned voltage threshold. The existence of only one voltage sign results in simplification possibilities for the construction of the voltage measuring device of the EOL detection circuit.
  • a voltage divider circuit between the electrodes in order to be able to pick up a part of the DC voltage between the electrodes at a tapping point for the EOL detection circuit.
  • this voltage divider circuit is unproblematic in comparison with the prior art in that the DC voltages between the electrodes are far from reaching the level of half the supply voltage. Therefore, the voltage divider ratios are more moderate, so that the sensitivity to errors of the resistor elements used is not as pronounced as in the prior art.
  • the measurement of the - optionally offset-shifted and voltage-divided - DC voltage between the electrodes and the electrode interrogation function are preferably carried out via a microcontroller.
  • This microcontroller may also provide an output voltage to be used for generating the offset voltage.
  • the output used for the offset voltage of the microcontroller is connected via a resistor to the already mentioned tapping point of the voltage divider circuit. Reference is made to the embodiment.
  • the operating circuit according to the invention can be designed so that it only responds to the EOL-early detection when the detection triggering DC voltage between the electrodes has already occurred a certain minimum time.
  • short-term phenomena in the discharge lamp can occur at the start of operation and also during continuous operation, which could trigger EOL early detection, ie cause correspondingly high DC voltages between the electrodes.
  • loop queries or averaging over a certain number of measured values because of the already given thermal inertia of the discharge lamp itself, this time delay can be safely tolerated.
  • the operating circuit can also be designed for a plurality of discharge lamps, for example for two discharge lamps.
  • a series connection of the electrodes of one of the discharge lamps and an electrode of the other discharge lamp is then provided.
  • the remaining electrode can then be connected to ground.
  • FIG. 1 1 shows a low-pressure discharge lamp which contains two electrodes 2 and 3. As usual with low-pressure discharge lamps, these are preheatable helical electrodes.
  • the electrodes 2 and 3 are supplied by a non-illustrated here and otherwise conventional half-bridge oscillator circuit with a high-frequency power supply, so that in the discharge lamp 1, a discharge can be ignited and maintained.
  • corresponding preheating circuits are provided, which could also be conventional and are not shown in detail.
  • Respectively left terminals of the electrodes 2 and 3 are connected to a consisting of two resistors 4 and 5 voltage divider circuit, with which a voltage applied between the electrodes 2 and 3 DC voltage is divided.
  • the reference potential (ground) is on the other Connection of the electrode 3.
  • an input 6 of a microcontroller 7 is connected. This voltage input 6 is connected via a capacitor 8 to ground, so that the microcontroller 7 evaluates only DC signals.
  • auxiliary voltage source 10 which is actually also provided by the microcontroller 7 in this example.
  • the terminal not connected to the voltage dividing circuit 4, 5 is the in FIG. 1 upper electrode 2 connected via a resistor 11 to a further auxiliary voltage source 12. All voltages are defined accordingly to ground.
  • the auxiliary voltage source 12 corresponds to an already present supply voltage of the analog electronics (for example of MOSFET drivers) in the range of 12-18 V. In this example, its potential is slightly higher than that of the auxiliary voltage source 10 of the microcontroller 7.
  • a DC voltage it is divided down according to the resistors 4, 5 and 9 at the voltage input 6 of the microcontroller 7.
  • the resistors 4, 5 and 9 so a level adjustment to the technical requirements of the microcontroller 7 with respect to the voltage input 6 can be made. Since the high frequency supply voltage components between the electrodes 2 and 3 are shorted to ground via the relatively low impedance capacitor 8, on the other hand, the resistors 4 and 5 have relatively large values, the voltage input 6 is practically free of such high frequency components.
  • the auxiliary voltage source 10 is an offset voltage, so that taking into account the numerical relationships between the resistors 4, 5 and 9 at all permissible DC voltages between the electrodes 2 and 3 at the voltage input 6 of the microcontroller 7 always the same polarity results. This inevitably leads to a certain change in the potential conditions in the discharge lamp 1 itself. However, this effect is more theoretical if the resistors 4 and 5 are sufficiently large. Practical effects do not result from this. Should interference arise here, the auxiliary voltage sources 10 and 12 could also be operated intermittently, that is, activated only at certain time intervals in order to perform a query. Then the influence on the discharge physics would be limited to these comparatively short periods of time.
  • the second auxiliary voltage 12 offers a possibility for electrode detection with respect to the electrode 2. If this electrode 2 is present and conducts, the potential at the voltage input 6 is influenced by the auxiliary voltage source 12. If the electrode 2 is absent or no longer conductive, the potential at the voltage input 6 is influenced only by the voltage divider circuit 9, 4. The resistor 11 serves to feed an auxiliary current into the measuring branch.
  • the electrode sensing works with respect to the electrode 3, with the ground terminal serving as a reference potential. If the electrode 3 fails, the potential at the voltage input 6 is conditioned by the voltage divider circuit 5, 9 and 11 and the auxiliary voltage sources 10 and 12. If no discharge lamp 1 is used or both electrodes 2, 3 have failed, the auxiliary voltage source 10 alone determines the level of the voltage input 6.
  • both a very simple EOL early detection and a double electrode query can be carried out with a single voltage measuring input 6 of the microcontroller 7.
  • the microcontroller 7 can provide averaging operations (e.g., of 0.5 sec or more) extended by simple digital operations such as a certain number of measurements, or loop queries, to disregard EOL early detection if the effect occurs only briefly.
  • averaging operations e.g., of 0.5 sec or more
  • simple digital operations such as a certain number of measurements, or loop queries
  • additional resistors are necessary (at least if the offset voltage and the double electrode query are present at the same time). Because of the relatively moderate division ratio of the voltage divider circuit, there are no practical difficulties with the accuracy of the resistors. With skillful choice of auxiliary voltages and resistance values, the conceivable voltage values at the voltage measuring input 6 are in direct 1: 1 relationship with the various operating states to be determined.
  • Typical quantitative values are at 0-5V as the measuring range for the voltage measuring input 6, at 1V-5V as the voltage value of the auxiliary voltage source 10 and at 5V-500V as the voltage value for the voltage auxiliary source 12.
  • the values of the resistors can be, for example, 3.9 k ⁇ to 1 M ⁇ for 4, at 47 k ⁇ to 2.2 M ⁇ for 5, at 3.9 k ⁇ to 330 k ⁇ for 9 at 47 k ⁇ to 10 M ⁇ for 11, and at 100 pF to 1 ⁇ F for the capacitor 8.
  • the resistor 4 should be 56 k ⁇ , the resistor 5 330 k ⁇ and the resistor 9 47 k ⁇ , the resistor 11 470 k ⁇ and the capacitor 8 100 nF.
  • the values of the auxiliary voltage sources 10 and 12 are 5V or 15V. This results in the following exemplary assignments between different operating states and voltage values at the voltage measuring input 6: If the lamp 1 has not yet started but is intact, the voltage at point 6 is 3.10V.
  • the measured value is 2.72V, if the lower coil is defective, it is above 5V and may be limited by the measuring input 6.
  • the reading is 2.52V.
  • the measured value is 3.96 V, at the same DC voltage in the negative direction at 1.09 V.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the electrodes 2, 3 and 2 'with the aid of another resistor 13 (to prevent a short circuit between the electrodes 2 and 3) are connected to the auxiliary voltage source 12, while the electrode 3' is in turn connected to ground.
  • the rest of the structure is identical (apart from the dimensioning of the actual supply circuit) FIG. 1 , It can be seen that both a DC voltage between the electrodes 2 and 3 and a DC voltage between the electrodes 2 'and 3' can be detected because they add in the voltage divider circuit 4, 5.
  • the electrodes 2, 3 and 2 ' can be interrogated via the auxiliary voltage source 12.
  • the failure or absence of each electrode can be detected.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment with an operating circuit, which is also designed via two discharge lamps 1 and 1 '.
  • the described Wendelabfrage takes place only for the lower electrode 3 and 3 ', because this forms the "cold end" of the lamp 1 or 1' in the application.
  • two lamps 1 and 1 'operating in parallel here can be monitored in a particularly simple manner with a uniform circuit.
  • the EOL-early detection takes place in each case via the already explained resistors 4 and 5 or 4 'and 5'. If the DC voltage between the electrodes 2 and 3 or between the electrodes 2 'and 3' becomes too large, this is detected in the same way as in the first embodiment FIG.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Circuit de fonctionnement pour une lampe à décharge basse pression (1, 1') comprenant des électrodes de lampe (2, 3, 2', 3') et un circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) pour une détection précoce d'une défaillance d'électrode à escompter,
    le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) mesurant une tension continue entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3') pour effectuer la détection précoce à l'aide de cette tension continue mesurée,
    caractérisé en ce que le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) est relié à un premier branchement d'une première électrode (2, 3, 2', 3'), dont l'autre second branchement est relié à un premier potentiel de référence (12), de sorte qu'une interrogation d'électrode peut être effectuée par le contrôle de la liaison électrique passant par la première électrode (2, 3, 2', 3') avec le premier potentiel de référence (12),
    et le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) étant relié à un premier branchement d'une seconde électrode (2, 3, 2', 3'), dont l'autre second branchement est relié à un second potentiel de référence, de sorte qu'une interrogation d'électrode peut être effectuée par le contrôle de la liaison électrique passant par la seconde électrode (2, 3, 2', 3') avec le second potentiel de référence,
    et un circuit diviseur de tension (4, 5) étant prévu entre les respectivement premiers branchements de chaque électrode avec un point de prélèvement qui est relié à une entrée de mesure (6) du circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13),
    le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) effectuant l'interrogation d'électrode par la même entrée de mesure (6) et les mêmes prises d'électrodes que la mesure de la tension continue entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3').
  2. Circuit de fonctionnement selon la revendication 1, sur lequel le potentiel de référence/l'un des deux potentiels de référence est la masse.
  3. Circuit de fonctionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, sur lequel la tension continue entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3') peut être modifiée par une tension de décalage (10) de sorte que, lors de la mesure de la tension continue modifiée entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3') par le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13), il n'apparaît qu'une polarité.
  4. Circuit de fonctionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, sur lequel le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) présente un microcontrôleur (7) pour la mesure de la tension continue entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3') et pour la fonction d'interrogation d'électrode.
  5. Circuit de fonctionnement selon la revendication 4, sur lequel le microcontrôleur (7) peut fournir une tension de sortie (10) qui est utilisée pour générer la tension de décalage.
  6. Circuit de fonctionnement selon la revendication 4 et la revendication 5, sur lequel la sortie (10) du microcontrôleur (7) pour la tension de décalage est raccordée par une résistance (9) au point de prélèvement du circuit diviseur de tension (4, 5).
  7. Circuit de fonctionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, sur lequel le circuit de détection de fin de vie (4-13) est conçu pour générer un signal indiquant la détection précoce dans le cas d'une tension continue supérieure à une valeur définie entre les électrodes (2, 3, 2', 3') uniquement dans les cas où la tension continue est apparue déjà pendant un temps minimum défini.
  8. Circuit de fonctionnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui est conçu pour deux lampes à décharge (1, 1'), les électrodes (2, 3) de l'une des lampes à décharge (1) et une électrode (2') de l'autre lampe à décharge (1') étant montées en série via une résistance (13) et raccordées à une prise d'électrode et l'autre électrode (3') de l'autre lampe à décharge (1') étant reliée à la masse.
EP03003547A 2002-03-05 2003-02-17 EOL-détection avec une interrogation d'électrode intégrée Expired - Lifetime EP1343359B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10209620A DE10209620A1 (de) 2002-03-05 2002-03-05 EOL-Erkennung mit integrieter Wendelabfrage
DE10209620 2002-03-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1343359A2 EP1343359A2 (fr) 2003-09-10
EP1343359A3 EP1343359A3 (fr) 2004-04-21
EP1343359B1 true EP1343359B1 (fr) 2011-06-01

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EP03003547A Expired - Lifetime EP1343359B1 (fr) 2002-03-05 2003-02-17 EOL-détection avec une interrogation d'électrode intégrée

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US6646390B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1343359B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1443030B (fr)
AT (1) ATE511742T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2420816A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10209620A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6854117B1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2005-02-08 Caspian Networks, Inc. Parallel network processor array
DE10209619A1 (de) * 2002-03-05 2003-09-25 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Betriebsschaltung für Entladungslampe mit EOL-Früherkennung
DE102009004852A1 (de) 2009-01-16 2010-07-29 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Detektorschaltung und Verfahren zur Ansteuerung einer Leuchtstofflampe
US8482213B1 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-07-09 Panasonic Corporation Electronic ballast with pulse detection circuit for lamp end of life and output short protection
DE102010029511B4 (de) 2010-05-31 2014-10-09 Osram Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Entladungslampe
US8947020B1 (en) 2011-11-17 2015-02-03 Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. End of life control for parallel lamp ballast
DE102012207002A1 (de) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren, Betriebsgerät und Beleuchtungssystem
DE102021200762A1 (de) * 2021-01-28 2022-07-28 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Mess-Vorrichtung zur differentiellen Spannungsmessung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01166495A (ja) * 1987-12-23 1989-06-30 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
JP3521602B2 (ja) * 1996-03-06 2004-04-19 株式会社デンソー 放電灯点灯装置
US5808422A (en) * 1996-05-10 1998-09-15 Philips Electronics North America Lamp ballast with lamp rectification detection circuitry
DE19819027A1 (de) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb mindestens einer Entladungslampe
US6008592A (en) * 1998-06-10 1999-12-28 International Rectifier Corporation End of lamp life or false lamp detection circuit for an electronic ballast
DE19852350A1 (de) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-18 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Diagnosesystem für das Vorschaltgerät einer Hochdruckgasentladungslampe in einem Kraftfahrzeug

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Publication number Publication date
CN1443030A (zh) 2003-09-17
CN1443030B (zh) 2010-04-21
US20030168995A1 (en) 2003-09-11
ATE511742T1 (de) 2011-06-15
DE10209620A1 (de) 2003-09-25
EP1343359A2 (fr) 2003-09-10
US6646390B2 (en) 2003-11-11
EP1343359A3 (fr) 2004-04-21
CA2420816A1 (fr) 2003-09-05

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