EP1339917A1 - Conditioning agent and method for conditioning organic material - Google Patents
Conditioning agent and method for conditioning organic materialInfo
- Publication number
- EP1339917A1 EP1339917A1 EP01989508A EP01989508A EP1339917A1 EP 1339917 A1 EP1339917 A1 EP 1339917A1 EP 01989508 A EP01989508 A EP 01989508A EP 01989508 A EP01989508 A EP 01989508A EP 1339917 A1 EP1339917 A1 EP 1339917A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conditioning
- paper
- organic material
- moisture
- agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
Definitions
- the invention relates to a conditioning agent and a method for conditioning organic material, in particular papers, treated with particulate deacidifying agent, also in the form of books.
- the most important cause for the disintegration of papers is the acidic hydrolysis of the cellulose responsible for paper strength.
- the essential origin of the acids are acidic sizing, environmental influences or the like.
- Some mass deacidification processes completely do without solvents and either use gaseous deacidifying agents (diethyl zinc, ammonia or the like) or introduce the deacidification chemical as an aerosol in the form of fine particles in the form of dust in the documents to be deacidified (dry process).
- gaseous deacidifying agents diethyl zinc, ammonia or the like
- fine-particle dispersions of, for example, magnesium oxide in fluorinated hydrocarbons are also used.
- Another problem in this connection is the superficial deposition of the particulate deacidifying agent, the deacidifying agent forming a white dusty layer.
- the deacidifying agent is deposited as white dust, especially in the fold area and on the surfaces. If you then run your hand over the surface of a paper treated in this way, you have the deacidifying agent stuck to your fingers as white dust. If you quickly close such a book, a white cloud of dust forms.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a conditioning agent and a method for conditioning organic material treated with particulate deacidifying agent, in particular written matter, in which the problems of dusty deposition of the deacidifying agent on the surfaces and the insufficient deacidification inside the treated material are solved ,
- the conditioning agent comprises moist CO 2 .
- deacidification is simple Way possible.
- this is water in the form of moisture, which can be carried gently into the material via the air humidity, e.g. B. via a climate chamber.
- liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide containing water can also be used.
- this moisture can also be introduced using moist compresses, nonwovens, Goretex (trademark), cardboard or cardboard, with the papers to be treated being interposed.
- the controlled introduction of the moisture for the conditioning can also take place with aqueous high-molecular gels.
- these are cellulose ethers, in particular methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, galactomannans and their derivatives, starch and their derivatives, in particular cationic starch and gelatin, the masses from 30,000 to 800,000 daltons, preferably 50,000 to 250,000 daltons aut nie.
- the concentration depends on the molecular weight and associated viscosity at 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 3% with a cellulose ether of 180,000 daltons.
- a deacidifying agent can also be applied together with the gel.
- alkaline earth compounds such as alkaline earth carbonates, alkaline earth hydrogen carbonates, alkaline earth hydroxides, alkaline earth oxides or mixtures of these substances are preferably added to the gel as particulate deacidifying agents.
- the alkaline earth carbonates or calcium hydroxide are particularly preferred.
- Easily water-soluble compounds such as borax, sodium borohydride, sodium hydrogen carbonate or potassium hydrogen carbonate can also be used, it being possible for these compounds to be mixed with the compounds mentioned above.
- these alkaline earth metal compounds are used in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1% by weight.
- Migration of the particulate deacidifying agents which are difficult to dissolve in water can be achieved by introducing carbon dioxide in addition to the moisture.
- alkaline earth compounds form hydrogen carbonates with carbon dioxide in the presence of water, which makes them significantly more soluble and thus enables better and faster distribution of the deacidifying agent in the paper. At the same time, this dissolves the fine particles so that the dusty particles bearings disappear.
- the formation of the bicarbonates is dependent on the carbonic acid balance, which means that the higher the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide, the more the equilibrium shifts to the side of the more soluble bicarbonates.
- the organic material to be treated in particular written matter, is also treated in the form of papers for a sufficient time with sufficient moisture, possibly with the addition of CO2.
- Moisture must provide enough water to form a continuous film of water that allows ions to migrate. This is a prerequisite for the continuous neutralization of the acids and distribution of the excess deacidifying agent in the paper as an alkaline reserve.
- soluble acids or bases in the paper can migrate and neutralize themselves or be deposited inside the paper.
- the entry of this moisture can also be entered into the material via moist air (e.g. 90-100% rel. Humidity) in a climatic chamber, or through moist compresses, cardboards etc. or through cellulose ether.
- moist air e.g. 90-100% rel. Humidity
- the moisture must be entered in a controlled manner to avoid bleeding of soluble colors and inks or damage to the cover material in the books.
- An excessively high water input also leads to swelling in the paper accompanied by a curling of the paper. This can be avoided by a well controlled entry of moisture into the material.
- CO 2 preferably under pressure
- MgO or Mg (OH) 2 can be used to convert the almost water-insoluble deacidifying agents, such as MgO or Mg (OH) 2 , into the far more soluble hydrogen carbonates.
- At least moisture must be present; additional CO 2 further accelerates the process. The most effective is the combination of the two alternatives above.
- the better solubility of the deacidifying agent can be achieved by introducing the book into a reactor in which it is placed under high humidity and under carbon dioxide pressure.
- the absolute water content of the air can also be increased by increasing the temperature.
- temperatures above 50 ° C, preferably above 40 ° C should not be used, since otherwise damage to the organic material to be treated, in particular the covers, can be expected.
- a higher temperature more moisture can be introduced into the paper and the migration processes can be accelerated.
- this reduces the solubility of the deacidifying agent and also the solubility of carbon dioxide in water.
- Advantages of the procedure according to the invention by treatment with moist CO 2 are the formation of the more soluble hydrogen carbonates, prevention or reduction of mold formation, which represent a great danger for the material to be treated in this climate, and the lowering of the pH value by the Formation of hydrogen carbonates. This also reduces the dangers that occur due to high pH values, such as oxidative degradation of the writing material or its yellowing.
- the better solubility of the deacidifying agent can be realized by placing the book in a reactor in which it is placed under high humidity and under carbon dioxide pressure, as described above.
- the method for conditioning organic material is carried out by preconditioning the material treated with particulate deacidifying agent under high humidity for several hours in a climate with a relatively high humidity at temperatures of 20 to 50 ° C. and then in an autoclave with carbon dioxide under pressure for several hours at temperatures from 1 ° C to 50 ° C.
- the pretreatment is preferably carried out in 12 to 100 hours, in particular in 12 to 48 hours with a climate of 90 to 100% relative humidity at 10 to 40 ° C, preferably 25 to 35 ° C preconditioned.
- the conditioning is then carried out at a pressure of 0.1 to 100 bar, in particular 1 to 3 bar, for 12 to 100 hours, in particular 12 to 48 hours, at a temperature of 1 ° C.
- the treatment can also be carried out under simultaneous exposure to moisture and carbon dioxide under pressure.
- the documents are treated for 12 to 100 hours, preferably 12 to 48 hours, at 1 ° C. to 50 ° C., preferably 10 ° C. to 25 ° C.
- Alternative combinations for the conditioning of organic material are the simultaneous conditioning with water and CO 2 at high or low temperature or temperature changes, introducing the moisture into the material to be treated and exposure to CO 2 , conditioning with moist CO 2 , conditioning with moist supercritical CO 2 , conditioning with moist liquid CO 2 or the introduction of moisture with the help of moist compresses, nonwovens or the like and conditioning with aqueous high-molecular gels.
- a book made of acid-sized wood pulp paper (0.05 mol acid / kg paper) was dusted with magnesium oxide. After this pollination, the book showed the usual dusty deposits on the surfaces.
- the paper had a surface pH of 9.1 and an alkaline reserve of 0.5%. Careful, dry peeling of the paper surfaces shows, however, that the core is still acidic. example
- the above-mentioned book made of acid-sized wood pulp paper (dusted with magnesium oxide as a deacidifying agent) was moist-conditioned for 12 hours at 35 ° C. and 100% relative atmospheric humidity and then treated with carbon dioxide (2 bar) in an autoclave for 24 hours. After this treatment, the book showed no dusty deposits from the magnesium oxide.
- An analysis of the paper shows that the paper (core), which has been peeled off dry on the surface, has a pH of 7.9, i.e. the paper is completely deacidified.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10059494A DE10059494B4 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2000-11-30 | Conditioner and method of conditioning and its use |
DE10059494 | 2000-11-30 | ||
PCT/EP2001/013665 WO2002044472A1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2001-11-23 | Conditioning agent and method for conditioning organic material |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1339917A1 true EP1339917A1 (en) | 2003-09-03 |
EP1339917B1 EP1339917B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
Family
ID=7665259
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01989508A Expired - Lifetime EP1339917B1 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2001-11-23 | Method for conditioning organic material |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1339917B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE425308T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10059494B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002044472A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112941954A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州众材科技有限公司 | Protective method suitable for preventive acidification resistance of paper |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3969549A (en) * | 1974-12-24 | 1976-07-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Librarian Of Congress | Method of deacidifying paper |
US4522843A (en) * | 1984-01-25 | 1985-06-11 | Kundrot Robert A | Deacidification of library materials |
FR2674872A1 (en) * | 1991-04-04 | 1992-10-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR TREATING FIBROUS OR POROUS MATERIALS, ESPECIALLY PAPER, WITH A PRESSED DENSE FLUID. |
US5433827A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-07-18 | Pulp And Paper Research Institute Of Canada | Method for the deacidification of papers and books |
DE4436635C2 (en) * | 1994-10-13 | 1997-08-14 | Oswald Dr Bell | Process and device for deacidifying all types of printed and paper products |
DE19711527A1 (en) * | 1997-03-19 | 1998-09-24 | Wolfgang Gottschalk | Removal of copper acetate and verdigris in restoration of paper |
WO1999020706A2 (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-04-29 | Graphische Sammlung Albertina Teilrechtsfähig Gemäss Forschungsorganisationsgesetz 1981 (Fog) I.D.N.1989 | Compress and its use for unsticking |
DE19751673C1 (en) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-09-23 | Damir Turkovic | Method and device for deacidifying books or the like |
AU2712699A (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-08-30 | Oswald Bell | Method for disacidifying paper products with printings or inscriptions |
DE19852070B4 (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2004-06-03 | ZFB Zentrum für Bucherhaltung GmbH | Process for the antimicrobial treatment of contaminated papers with supercritical carbon dioxide |
-
2000
- 2000-11-30 DE DE10059494A patent/DE10059494B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-23 EP EP01989508A patent/EP1339917B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-23 WO PCT/EP2001/013665 patent/WO2002044472A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-11-23 DE DE50114764T patent/DE50114764D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-23 AT AT01989508T patent/ATE425308T1/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0244472A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1339917B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 |
WO2002044472A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
ATE425308T1 (en) | 2009-03-15 |
DE10059494A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
DE50114764D1 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
DE10059494B4 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
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