EP1339511B1 - Method and device for the continuous production of workpieces from an unprofiled longitudinal section and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for the continuous production of workpieces (12, 12', 12'') from an unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') with a round surface (16) and/or at least one bore (16') or similar recess. Said device comprises a device (18) for producing internal stresses in the unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14'), using three cylinders (20, 20', 20'', 20''') which are arranged in parallel, around the longitudinal section (14, 14'). Said cylinders are at least partially provided with an outer section (24, 24') which acts on the longitudinal section (14, 14'), in the form of beads (26) and extensions (28) which are at an angle ( alpha , alpha ') to the longitudinal axis (22, 22', 22''') of the cylinder (20, 20', 20'''). The cylinders can rotate individually about their longitudinal axes (22, 22', 22'', 22''') as well as jointly about the longitudinal section (14, 14'). The inventive device also comprises a device (68) for forming a profile on the longitudinal section (14, 14') that is put under internal stresses without cutting, this device comprising at least one other cylinder (70, 80), and a device (82) for separating a segment of the longitudinal section (14, 14') that has been provided with a profile in order to form a profiled workpiece (12, 12', 12'') from said longitudinal section. The invention also relates to the use of the inventive device and method.

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuous production of workpieces from an unprofiled Longitudinal profile made of aluminum and / or containing aluminum Alloys, and their use.

Process and associated devices for continuous Production of workpieces from an unprofiled longitudinal profile Made of aluminum and / or alloys containing aluminum are generally known. However, there have been Methods and devices in practice as pronounced proven disadvantageous. When pulling as well as during extrusion of longitudinal profiles made of aluminum and / or containing aluminum Alloys generally form on their outer surface an oxide layer, some of which is of considerable thickness. In addition, when pulling or extruding in the surface of longitudinal profiles made of aluminum (longitudinal) cracks or similar. This oxide layer or crack formation further reinforced by the fact that most of the raw material is mixed with parts from scrap. Lead on the one hand such oxide layers as well as such (longitudinal) cracks inevitably to a substantial reduction in strength of the longitudinal profiles as a whole. On the other hand, arise due to such oxide layers and / or such (longitudinal) Cracks longitudinal profiles, which are usually not, at least in only very insufficiently gas impermeable or gas tight are. Commercially available or currently available on the market Longitudinal profiles made of solid material and / or hollow profiles are required therefore in any case subsequent machining, for example calibration, cleaning or removal or Polishing the material surface. Except for one of them resulting material loss increases such processing the workload and thus the cost of production such longitudinal profiles. Not least because of the insufficient strength and / or leakage are longitudinal profiles that are currently offered on the market even after additional machining unsuitable to be processed into workpieces can, in turn, for example for the assembly of hydraulic Elements such as (blockable) gas and / or Liquid springs etc., are used. Corresponding hydraulic Elements need both high strength as well as absolute gas tightness, namely in the continuous load range and over a long period of time. Also common with these hydraulic elements welding individual components together, but mostly prevented by the not inconsiderable proportion of scrap becomes.

WO 00/16920 describes a method and an apparatus for surface treatment of longitudinal profiles. To this end the longitudinal profile is at least partially by at least one roller provided with an outer profile at least partially acted on such that the treated surface of the longitudinal profile under residual compressive stress and that under the treated surface lying zones of the longitudinal profile below Residual tensile stresses set in the axial and tangential directions become. This is the longitudinal profile always around a workpiece, i.e. Bar or sheet material, without any profiling. The workpiece is and remains both before and after its surface treatment not profiled. Also finds neither a continuous nor non-cutting attachment of a profile or other deformation in a non-cutting manner.

In addition, FR 2 414 375 A describes a process and a device for transverse rolling of rotationally symmetrical Longitudinal profiles known. It should be a cylindrical longitudinal profile a screw bolt perpendicular to the longitudinal profile arranged rollers with cylindrical sections and conical Sections are provided. For this purpose first of all a stop collar or stop flange on the bolts educated. Whose excess material is deformed by plastic flow to eventually remove the excess Material in the respective conical section to build. Continuous processing of an unprofiled Longitudinal profile to a workpiece with profile is neither provided still realizable. In addition, the material probably exists conventionally made of steel or a steel alloy. Finally, using this method and Device only turned workpieces of a transverse rolling subjected. High strength in the surface area of the Workpiece is therefore excluded.

In addition, DE 1 111 660 B describes a method and a device to improve the durability of Components made of metal known. It should only the surface of the components in linear patterns differentially be plastically deformed.

Finally, in DE 31 10 433 A1 there is still a method and a device for reshaping especially metallic ones Workpieces such as gears, shafts, cylindrical treads, disclosed to manufacture Workpieces of different materials with the same tools while maintaining the configuration of a tool geometry to enable.

The present invention is therefore based on the object a method and an apparatus for continuous production of workpieces with a round cross-section or with bores or similar recesses from an unprofiled Provide longitudinal profile, the or the expressed constructively is simple and a manufacture of workpieces Aluminum and / or aluminum-containing alloys of particular high strength and hardness as well as gas tightness under great accuracy and with little effort and expense enable, as well as their use for continuous Production of workpieces, for example in the form of elongated ones Profiles made of aluminum or alloys containing aluminum to provide.

This task is done in a surprisingly simple way in process engineering Regarding the features of claim 1 solved.

The inventive design of the method according to the features of claim 1, in which the non-profiled longitudinal profile is initially at least partially acted upon by at least one roller which is at least partially provided with an outer profile, such that the treated surface of the longitudinal profile is under residual compressive stress and that is below the treated surface lying zones of the longitudinal profile are set under residual tensile stresses in the axial and tangential direction, the longitudinal profile placed under residual compressive stress is then at least partially provided with a profile without cutting by at least one further roller and finally an at least partially profiled section of the longitudinal profile to form a profiled workpiece is separated from the longitudinal profile, a particularly simple method can be obtained to workpieces made of aluminum and / or aluminum-containing alloys with a round surface, ie with ko nvex surface, such as round profiles, and / or with a concave surface, such as hollow profiles, and / or bores and other recesses, for example through holes and blind holes, due to a purely chipless machining without great effort and expense. Along with this, the longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces formed therefrom are given a particularly high strength and / or hardness, as well as an extremely high accuracy and smoothness. Finally, and this is an additional, and at the same time a particularly important advantage of the invention, the longitudinal profiles treated by the method according to the invention and / or workpieces formed therefrom are largely gas-impermeable or gas-tight. The longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces are therefore outstandingly suitable for further processing to, for example, high-strength and gas-tight, hydraulic elements, such as (lockable) gas and / or liquid springs, etc. With the method according to the invention, a further cleaning of the material surface and / or the Near-surface edge zone of brittle oxide crusts, for example aluminum oxide crusts, and harmful impurities and surface defects and cracks are eliminated. A separate processing of the material surface is not necessary. As a result, the workpieces are surrounded by a material-identical shell of several hundred micrometers, which has a stiffening effect due to increased material strength and the resulting residual pressure. The surface roughness improves compared to the workpieces immediately after drawing or extrusion up to a factor of 6 to 8. Roughness values of R _a <0.1 are the rule. The workpieces therefore have an inherent stress characteristic, namely residual compressive stresses in the plastically deformed surface or near-surface edge zone and tensile residual stresses in the areas below, which counteract each other. The workpieces made from the longitudinal profile therefore have a significantly improved fatigue strength. An additional advantage of the method according to the invention results in improved adhesion as a result of a significantly reduced oxide layer thickness, with the result that the workpieces can be provided with galvanic coatings without any problems, and without the usual hydrogen embrittlement. Because of the improved adhesion, however, all conceivable corrosion protection methods are also possible. Finally, welding of longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces produced by the method according to the invention to or with one another is also readily possible. The resilience or durability of such weld seams corresponds to that of weld seams of conventionally produced longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces.

Advantageous structural details of the invention Processes are described in claims 2 to 20.

Of great importance for an additional simplification The measures are the continuous production of the workpiece of claim 2, according to which the longitudinal profile by the application through the at least one at least partially roller provided with an outer profile moved in the axial direction becomes. Accordingly, there are separate procedural measures for onward transport of the longitudinal profile after the residual stress generation not mandatory.

To further increase strength and hardness as well the longitudinal profile is particularly accurate Embodiment of the invention according to claim 3 by at least one, in particular two each, at least partially with one Outer profile roller (s) successively in opposite Direction applied. That way the surface to be treated of the longitudinal profile is preferred transverse to the direction of movement of the longitudinal profile first in one Direction and then deformed in the opposite direction. In addition, the longitudinal profile becomes gastight in this way made.

Extremely important for the generation of residual stress in a longitudinal profile with a round surface, for example a round or tubular material are the features of the claim 4, after which the longitudinal profile by at least one at least roller partially provided with an outer profile, the arranged parallel to the longitudinal profile and around its longitudinal axis and can be rotated about the longitudinal profile.

Of great interest for the generation of residual stress in one Longitudinal profile with at least one hole or the like Recess or the bore or recess itself are the Features of claim 5, according to which an application by at least one at least partially with an outer profile provided roller parallel to the bore or the like Recess arranged and about its longitudinal axis and in the Bore or the like recess is rotatable.

Furthermore, according to claim 6, it is within the scope of the invention that the longitudinal profile or its surface in the form of a outside surface and / or an inside Surface, for example the inner wall of a bore an at least partially provided with an outer profile Roller and at least one, especially two, essentially unprofiled roller / s, which around the workpiece or in the least a bore or the like recess is arranged are acted upon.

According to claim 7 is in this context according to the invention provided the longitudinal profile by a roller with an outer profile in the form of at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the roller α and / or α 'arranged annular beads and recesses to edit, being to the longitudinal axis of the roller annular beads arranged at an angle α, α ' and recesses of the roller to one another essentially have the opposite leading position.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention is the longitudinal profile according to claim 8 by two at least rollers partially provided with an outer profile and an essentially non-profiled roller that wraps around the longitudinal profile, in particular at approximately the same distance from each other are acted upon.

The longitudinal profile or the one to be treated is preferred (Upper) surface of the longitudinal profile according to claim 9 two rollers with an outer profile in the form of to the longitudinal axes of the rollers arranged at an angle α or α ' machined annular beads and recesses.

In this context, the two rollers are claimed 10 preferably driven in the same direction of rotation if the to the longitudinal axes of the rollers at an angle α or α ' arranged annular beads and recesses of the two Roll an essentially opposite feed position exhibit.

Alternatively, the rollers according to claim 11 are in opposite directions Direction of rotation driven when the to the longitudinal axes of the rollers arranged at an angle α or α ' annular beads and recesses of the two rollers one to the other have essentially the same forward position.

The characteristics of the claims are of particular interest 12 and 13, after which the longitudinal profile set under residual stresses is additionally compacted on the surface side, namely up to a surface depth of about 100 microns, in particular from about 1 to 20 µm, and preferably from about 1 µm. hereby can be the one already obtained by generating the residual stress Gas tightness of the longitudinal profile and associated with it the workpieces to be produced from the longitudinal profile itself can be further increased or fully achieved. The workpieces made from the longitudinal profile can thus advantageously in the manufacture of hydraulic damping elements, such as (lockable) gas and / or Liquid springs are used. such (Blockable) gas and / or liquid springs can be found in a wide variety Size, type and design, for example inter alia in motor vehicles, furniture, such as height-adjustable Chairs or tables, and many more uses.

In a very advantageous embodiment of the invention The longitudinal profile set under residual stresses is used in accordance with the measures of claim 14 at least partially by at least one profile roller with a profile is provided. The profile is so far on the longitudinal profile created without any machining.

In this context, it is preferably within the scope of Invention that the longitudinal profile set under residual stress according to claim 15 by the at least one profile roller is provided with a peg profile.

In an alternative embodiment is also according to claim 16 provided that placed under residual stresses Longitudinal profile at least partially by at least one grooved roller to be threaded.

It is preferably possible that the at least a profile roll formed the pin profile of the internal stress set longitudinal profile additionally, i.e. cumulatively, by the at least one grooved roller with a thread is provided.

Furthermore, it lies in accordance with the technical feature of the claim 17 in the context of the invention, one end of a bore or the like recess of the longitudinal profile by at least to provide a profile roller with a flange. Just like that it is also possible to apply such a flanging to form the leading end of a hollow profiled longitudinal profile.

To simplify the machining without cutting under certain circumstances, can suitably the longitudinal profile according to claim 18 a shortened longitudinal profile can be cut to length or sheared off.

For surface treatment it is further provided according to claim 19 that the separated section of the longitudinal profile and / or the shortened longitudinal profile in the area of separation or shearing is surface treated.

Finally, those are of particular importance Features of claim 20, according to which the residual stresses set longitudinal profile and / or the workpiece or at least partially treated surface or the at least one treated hole or the like recess of the longitudinal profile and / or the workpiece with a coating of metal, such as chrome, copper or the like, and / or from a metal alloy and / or coated from a color and / or plastic and / or anodized and / or galvanized and / or is stained. By means of the invention can be considerably improved adhesion properties of the under residual stress set longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces. This again, in general, draws significant improvements in terms of a coating of longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces after itself. For example, it is easy possible an elongated profile, like a wire, with a Aluminum core with a (closed or continuous) Coat of copper. The copper coating remains in a very permanent and special way stick to the aluminum core in an abrasion-resistant manner. One use of copper wires made of solid material is no longer required. In addition to a reduction in weight, therefore achieve significant cost savings. Likewise are hard chrome coatings that are highly resilient by the method according to the invention or the like possible without being expensive Preparatory work becomes necessary. For example on an elaborate and time-consuming peeling from near the surface Oxide layers and / or contaminants before Chrome plating of longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces, such as brass shafts or the like, as previously required, completely to be dispensed with. Likewise, it is more resistant to abrasion Application of, for example, anodized paints or anodizing or galvanization of workpieces possible.

The longitudinal profiles and / or workpieces and / or their coatings placed under residual stresses can, in a particularly advantageous manner, consist of aluminum and / or (an) alloy (s), depending on the material properties or specifications to be achieved in each case. Aluminum and / or aluminum-containing alloys are preferred, for example AlMg _4.5 Mn, AlMgSi _0.5 , AlMgSi, AlMg ₅ , AlZn _4.5 Mg, AlCuMg, AlCuMg ₂ , AlZnMgCu _0.5 , AlZnMgCu _1.5 , AlCuMgPb, on.

This task continues in terms of device technology in a surprisingly simple way thanks to the features of Claim 21 solved.

Accordingly, the device according to the invention comprises a device for the continuous production of workpieces from one unprofiled longitudinal profile with a round one, for example Convex and / or concave, surface means for Generation of residual stresses in the unprofiled longitudinal profile with three parallel and arranged around the longitudinal profile Rolls, which at least partially with a longitudinal profile external profile in the form of to the longitudinal axis the roller at an angle arranged annular beads and recesses and individually around their longitudinal axes as well as rotatable together around the longitudinal profile, one Facility for chipless training of a profile on the below Internal stresses set longitudinal profile with at least one another roller and a device for separating a with a profiled section of the longitudinal profile Formation of a profiled workpiece from the longitudinal profile. The device according to the invention is thus characterized a particularly simple and compact construction overall out. The device according to the invention also represents a pronounced high manufacturing accuracy in the production of Workpieces with particularly high strength and hardness as well great accuracy. At the same time received with the invention Workpieces manufactured an absolute Gas leaks. Not least because of a chipless Processing allows the device according to the invention significant reduction in labor and costs the continuous production of such workpieces with a round surface.

This task continues in terms of device technology in a surprisingly simple way thanks to the features of Claim 22 solved.

Accordingly, a device for continuous production of workpieces with an unprofiled longitudinal profile at least one hole or the like recess as well a device for generating residual stresses in the unprofiled longitudinal profile, a device for non-cutting Formation of a profile on the one set under residual stresses Longitudinal profile with at least one further roller and a device for separating a provided with a profile Section of the longitudinal profile to form a profiled Workpiece from the longitudinal profile. The advantages the can be achieved with such a device are in Essentially related to the advantages mentioned above with the embodiment of a device for producing Workpieces with a round surface, like a simple construction, a production of workpieces with particularly high strength and hardness, one hundred percent gas tightness as well great accuracy, low labor and cost etc., identical.

Advantageous structural details of the invention Devices are described in claims 23 to 31.

Of great importance for the generation of residual stress in Longitudinal profiles are the features of claims 23 and 24, according to the device for generating residual stress at least a roller, in particular two, rollers with a longitudinal profile has an impacting outer profile, while the rest Rollers, especially a roller, are not profiled are / is.

Due to the features of claims 25 to 27 is advantageous Way an exposure of the longitudinal profile by the External profile of the at least one, in particular two, rollers successively in the opposite direction, i.e. a double deformation essentially about transverse or also at an angle to the direction of movement of the longitudinal profile.

The technical ones are also of particular interest Features of claim 28, according to which the device for generating residual stress a device for compacting the surface subordinate to the longitudinal profile set under residual stresses is. With such a facility, the can anyway already gas-tight (largely) through the generation of residual stress formed surface of the longitudinal profile completely impermeable Preserve outer surface.

Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention that the device for chipless formation of a profile on the under residual stress set longitudinal profile according to claim 29 at least comprises a profile roller and / or at least according to claim 30 has a grooved roller to form a thread.

A cutting device is expedient according to claim 31 intended to cut or shear the longitudinal profile.

Finally, by means of the method according to the invention and the associated devices, it is still possible according to claim 32, particularly workpieces made of aluminum and / or aluminum-containing alloys, such as AlMg _4.5 Mn, AlMgSi _0.5 , AlMgSi, AlMg ₅ , AlZn _4.5 Mg , AlCuMg, AlCuMg ₂ , AlZnMgCu _0.5 , AlZnMgCu _1.5 , AlCuMgPb. Workpieces made of, for example, aluminum or an alloy (s) containing aluminum have recently been found to be particularly suitable on account of the various advantageous properties, such as corrosion resistance, low specific density, etc. These materials are used more and more frequently, in particular in the field of motor vehicle construction. The disadvantages associated with these materials, such as previously insufficient strength, labor-intensive and cost-intensive pretreatment or post-treatment of the material surface due to existing oxide layers and (longitudinal) cracks, as well as extremely large tolerance ranges etc., can be overcome with the method according to the invention and the remove associated devices in a very simple way.

Thus, profiled, in particular hardened, according to claim 33 and / or coated, workpieces with a round surface made of solid material, especially rods, piston rods, Axes, shafts, crankshafts, camshafts or other elongated components, with or without pins and / or with or without threaded sections.

The method and the device are expediently suitable according to the invention according to claim 34 very particularly for the production of, in particular gas-tight, hydraulic Spring or damping elements, preferably from (Blockable) gas and / or liquid springs, preferred Made of aluminum and / or alloys containing aluminum.

Likewise, the method and the device according to the invention according to claim 35 for continuous production of profiled, especially hardened and / or coated, Workpieces with bores or similar recesses, especially of through holes and / or blind holes, made of tubular material, in particular tubes, Find use.

The material aluminum or alloys containing aluminum open up by the method and / or the device according to the invention due to a significantly increased Strength and hardness, 100% gas tightness, an improved fatigue strength, one only more small tolerance size and high smoothness as well as one improved liability for galvanic coatings or other Corrosion and oxidation preventing materials Applications not previously accessible. Thereby becomes the versatility of aluminum as a material or the aluminum-containing alloy (s) and their already long-known advantages further improved.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Werkstücken aus einem unprofilierten Längsprofil,

Fig. 2A und 2B

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht durch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Eigenspannungserzeugung in einem Längsprofil einer Vorrichtung nach der Fig. 1 und eine schematische Draufsicht auf drei Walzen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 2A, jeweils in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 3A, 3B und 3C

schematische Seitensichten auf die Ausführungsformen der drei Walzen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Eigenspannungserzeugung nach den Fig. 2A und 2B, jeweils in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 4A und 4B

eine teilweise schematische Querschnittsansicht durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Eigenspannungserzeugung einer Vorrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 1 und eine schematische Draufsicht auf drei Walzen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 4A, jeweils in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 5A und 5B

eine schematische Querschnittsansicht durch eine andere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zur Eigenspannungserzeugung einer Vorrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 1 und eine schematische Draufsicht auf drei Walzen der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 5A, jeweils in vergrößerter Darstellung,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Querschnittansicht durch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Einrichtung zur Verdichtung eines Längsprofils einer Vorrichtung nach der Fig. 1,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Querschnittansicht durch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Einrichtung zur spanlosen Ausbildung eines Profils an einem Längsprofil einer Vorrichtung nach der Fig. 1,

Fig. 8

eine schematische Querschnittansicht durch eine andere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Einrichtung zur spanlosen Ausbildung eines Profils an einem Längsprofil einer Vorrichtung nach der Fig. 1, und

Fig. 9A bis 9E

schematische Darstellungen eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines möglichen Verfahrensablauf zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Werkstücken aus einem Längsprofil mittels einer Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and from the drawings. Here show:

Fig. 1

1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device designed according to the invention for the continuous production of workpieces from an unprofiled longitudinal profile,

2A and 2B

2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through an embodiment of a device according to the invention for generating residual stress in a longitudinal profile of a device according to FIG. 1 and a schematic plan view of three rollers of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 2A, each in an enlarged view,

Figures 3A, 3B and 3C

schematic side views of the embodiments of the three rollers of the device according to the invention for generating residual stress according to FIGS. 2A and 2B, each in an enlarged view,

4A and 4B

1 shows a partially schematic cross-sectional view through a further embodiment of a device according to the invention for generating residual stress of a device according to FIG. 1 and a schematic plan view of three rollers of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 4A, each in an enlarged view,

5A and 5B

2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through another embodiment of a device according to the invention for generating residual stress of a device according to FIG. 1 and a schematic top view of three rollers of the device according to the invention according to FIG. 5A, each in an enlarged view,

Fig. 6

2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through an embodiment of a device designed according to the invention for compressing a longitudinal profile of a device according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 7

2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through an embodiment of a device designed according to the invention for the non-cutting formation of a profile on a longitudinal profile of a device according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 8

a schematic cross-sectional view through another embodiment of a device designed according to the invention for the non-cutting formation of a profile on a longitudinal profile of a device according to FIG. 1, and

9A to 9E

schematic representations of an embodiment of a possible process sequence for the continuous production of workpieces from a longitudinal profile by means of a device according to the invention.

In the following description of various exemplary embodiments a device 10 for continuous production of workpieces 12, 12 'from one Longitudinal profile 14 with a round surface 16, for example with a round cross-section in the form of a round material, and of workpieces 12 "from a longitudinal profile 14 'with at least a bore 16 'or the like recess, such as one Through hole and / or a blind hole, are corresponding, identical components each with identical Provide reference numbers.

With a longitudinal profile 14 with a round surface 16, it can equally a longitudinal profile with a convex surface, such as an outer surface of solid material, and / or around a longitudinal profile with a concave surface, such as Example of an inner surface of solid material, and / or one A combination of these, such as an exterior and interior surface a hollow profile. To that extent, however a longitudinal profile 14 'with a bore 16' or the like Recess may be synonymous with a longitudinal profile 14 with round, i.e. concave, surface 16 in shape of pipe material or other hollow profile.

1 schematically shows an embodiment of an inventive Continuous production device 10 of workpieces 12, 12 ', 12' 'from an unprofiled Longitudinal profile 14, 14 'with a round surface 16 or bore 16 'or the like recess shown.

For a better understanding, all are shown in FIG illustrated devices of the device according to the invention 10 and the associated procedural steps are explained, although for the method and / or the device 10 according to the invention only a part of it is necessary.

The unprofiled longitudinal profile 14, 14 'initially becomes one Device 18 for generating residual stresses in the Longitudinal profile 14, 14 'supplied. Through the residual stress generating device the longitudinal profile receives an increased one Strength and becomes gas-tight on the other.

According to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the residual stress generating device comprises 18 three rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ', which are parallel and about the unprofiled longitudinal profile 14 in approximately the same Distance, i.e. each offset by 120 °, arranged to each other are. The three rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'have the in the 2 to 5B shown embodiment of the device 18 each have the same diameter. To that extent are theirs Longitudinal axes 22, 22 ', 22' 'on a common pitch circle located and thus to the unprofiled longitudinal profile 14 equally spaced. The diameter of the three rollers 20, 20 ', 20 "can also vary, however.

The rollers 20, 20 ', 20 "are at least partially with one the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14 acting outer profile 24, 24 '. In the embodiment of the device 18 according to FIGS. 2A to 3C, the rollers 20 and 20 ' provided with such an outer profile 24, 24 '. The roller In contrast, 20 '' is not profiled. in principle it is also possible, however, instead of two rollers 20, 20 'only a roller with such a surface 16 to equip the longitudinal profile 14 external profile (see Figures 4A, 4B). It is also conceivable, everyone three parallel and around the unprofiled longitudinal profile 14, 14 'in about the same distance from each other arranged rollers 20, 20 ', 20 ″ with such a surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'to be applied to the outer profile (not shown).

The outer profile acting on the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14 24, 24 'of the two rollers 20, 20' is in the form of annular beads 26 and recesses arranged between them 28 formed to the longitudinal axis 22, 22 'of the respective Roller 20, 20 "are arranged at an angle α. The beads 26 and recesses 28 of the two therefore run Rollers 20, 20 'obliquely in the longitudinal direction of the rollers 20, 20'. The annular beads 26 protrude beyond the outer diameter the rollers 20, 20 '.

The two rollers 20, 20 'are advantageously at least partially provided with an outer profile 24, 24 ' the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'successively acted in the opposite direction, i.e. the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14 first in one direction and then deformed in the opposite direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A to 3C the residual stress generating device 18 according to the invention are the beads 26 and recesses 28 of the outer profile 24, 24 'of the two rollers 20, 20' reversed to one another for this purpose, i.e. arranged roughly crosswise. Although the angle α of the outer profile 24 of the roller 20 to the angle α 'of the outer profile 24 'of the roller 20' is identical in terms of amount the angles α or α 'accordingly in their sign, are therefore once positive and once negative, or vice versa. The angle α, α 'is in a range between 2 ° and 85 °, preferably between 2 ° and 60 ° and very particularly preferably between 2 ° and 10 ° inclusive.

However, it is alternatively or cumulatively possible that the angle α, α 'of the slope of the annular Differentiate beads 26 and recesses 28 from each other in terms of amount, that for example the angle α 30 ° and the angle α 'be 45 °. Any other combination can also be provided his.

According to FIG. 2B, the beads 26 or recesses 28 are on the roller 20 from right to left and on the roller 20 'of trained leading left to right. To move the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'in such an essentially opposite forward position of the beads 26 and recesses 28 of the two adjacent rollers 20, 20 'to ensure the two rollers 20, 20 'are therefore in the same Direction of rotation drivable.

If, however, the leading position of the beads 26 and recesses 28 are substantially the same two mutually adjacent rollers 20, 20 ″ then in opposite directions Direction of rotation drivable (not shown).

The longitudinal profile 14, 14 'is in the embodiment of the invention Device 18 according to FIG. 2B in the direction the arrow 30 through the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'from right to moved to the left.

The rollers 20, 20 'have two ends 32, 34, which like 2B, 3A and 3B clearly show the respective Limit outer profile 24, 24 '. That in the direction of movement of the Longitudinal profile 14, 14 'according to arrow 30 on the upstream end 32 and the downstream end 34 of the rollers 20, 20 'are not profiled or smoothly formed. The upstream end 32 the roller 20, 20 'has a slightly smaller outer diameter on any irregularities in the outer profile 24, 24 'to be supplied longitudinal profile 14, 14' or to exercise a certain directional function in advance. The Downstream end 34 of the rollers 20, 20 ', however, has one slightly larger diameter to get that out of the range of the outer profile 24, 24 'coming longitudinal profile 14, 14' to a constant level, namely the actual or desired one Target dimension of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ', also pronounced bring smooth surface or small tolerance. The In contrast, roller 20 ″ is continuous according to FIG. 3C provided with a smooth surface.

The rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'are still in this embodiment individually around their longitudinal axes 22, 22 ', 22' ' rotatable, as shown in particular in FIG. 2A is. As already mentioned, the two rollers 20 20 'with opposite outer profile 24, 24' each in the same Direction of rotation, the roller 20 '' with an exclusively smooth surface driven in the opposite direction of rotation. The direction of rotation of the roller 20 '' with only smoother However, the surface can be chosen freely.

The rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'are from a drive device and a drive head or the like drive arrangement recorded (not shown). The drive device is for rotating the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'individually around their Longitudinal axes 22, 22 ', 22' 'are provided. The drive head serves for rotating the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'together around the longitudinal profile 14, 14 '.

The upstream end 32 of the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'is corresponding 3A to 3C with a profile 36, for example a square profile, in a correspondingly shaped, essentially precise recess (not shown) of the hydraulic drive device rotatably received. The downstream end 34 of the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ', however, is each via a pin 38 in recesses (also not shown) of the drive head rotatably received.

The drive device and / or the drive head of the three Rollers 20, 20 ', 20 "is in the embodiment of the residual stress generating device 18 hydraulic according to the invention or pneumatically controllable. Such a drive the three rollers 20, 20 ', 20 "enables stepless control, to avoid any slippage and therefore a constant smooth surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'at its To get treatment.

The drive device comprises a total of three separate, preferably hydraulically operated drive motors, which each end is assigned to one of the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ' are. However, it is also possible to use only the two profiled rollers 20, 20 'by means of such a drive motor drive.

The drive head or similar drive arrangement is available for example a worm drive (not shown) in Operative engagement. To avoid any slippage are the Worm drive and thus the drive head also over a drive motor driven hydraulically or pneumatically. About the speed of the worm drive, the same the speed of rotation of the drive head and thus the common rotation of the. Roll 20, 20 ', 20' 'around that Longitudinal profile 14, 14 'specifies, the feed is equally of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'by the residual stress generating device according to the invention 18 determined.

Not least due to the fact that the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'is not subjected to a rotary movement, an internal stress generation rather in the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ' individually about their longitudinal axes 22, 22 ', 22' 'and together about the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'rotating rollers 20, 20', 20 '', feed speeds of up to to reach about 100 meters / minute. Despite such a lot improved performance of the residual stress generating device 18 is extremely high accuracy ultimately through the downstream end 34 of the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'longitudinal profile brought to the desired size 14, 14 '. For example, accuracies of up to at least about 1/10 mm possible, without a separate one Post processing.

By the opposite or to be designated as crosswise Alignment of the beads 26 and recesses 28 of the outer profile 24, 24 'of the rollers 20, 20' becomes the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'subjected to a longitudinal movement without any rotational movement.

According to the design of the residual stress generating device according to the invention 18 according to FIG. 1 an extremely versatile application of the facility Reach 18. So it is possible to roll 20, 20 ', 20 '' with different lengths, with different Diameter as well as different outer profile 24, 24 ', i.e. by arranging the beads 26 and recesses 28 with different slope, in different number of Beads 26 and recesses 28, with different spacing etc., depending on the dimensions, material properties etc. of the respective longitudinal profile 14, 14 'to be used individually.

3A to 3C, the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ' formed in several parts. So the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ' one shaft 40 each with one in the region of the profile 36 provided stop 42. The shaft 40 takes a sleeve 44 either with the outer profile 24, 24 ', the upstream end 32 and the downstream end 34 or with a smoother overall Surface on. The sleeve 44 is connected via a slot wedge 46 the shaft 40 attached secured against rotation. In the axial direction is the sleeve 44 on the shaft 40 through the stop 42, a Ring 48 and a nut 50 secured. Because of one Multiple parts, it is possible without further ado the sleeve 44 in the event of wear or defect of the outer profile 24, 24 ' Rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'can be exchanged without effort. Such Multi-part also has the advantage that the shaft 40 and the sleeve 44 subjected to different manufacturing methods can be, so that ultimately the shaft 40 a high Toughness and the sleeve 44 with the outer profile 24, 24 'of Rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'have a high hardness and therefore high wear resistance exhibit.

In the embodiment of the device 18 according to the invention 4A and 4B is only a roller, namely the roller 20 '' ', at least partially with an outer profile 24, 24 'provided that the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'successively in the opposite direction acted upon, i.e. the surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'first in one direction and then in the opposite direction Direction deformed.

In the residual stress generating device 18 according to FIGS. 4A and 4B are the beads 26 and recesses 28 of the outer profile 24, 24 'of the roller 20' '' to each other for this purpose vice versa, i.e. arranged roughly crosswise. Although the angle α of the outer profile 24 to the angle α 'of the outer profile 24 'of the roller 20' '' is identical in amount, differ the angles α and α 'accordingly in their sign. The roller 20 '' 'turns around its axis 22' ''. The two rollers 20 '' are not profiled.

Finally, the embodiment of the differs residual stress generating device 18 according to the invention 5A and 5B of the embodiment of FIGS. 2A to 3C in that the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' 'for surface treatment a surface or inner wall of a bore 16 'or the like recess, for example one Through hole and / or blind hole, such as the cylinder holes, in an engine block of a motor vehicle Longitudinal profile 14 'are used.

Without being shown in detail, however, it is alternative possible, only one roller 20 '' 'according to the Fig. 4A, 4B with an outer profile 24 and / or 24 'and / or others profiled rollers 20, 20 'according to FIGS. 2A to 3C the purpose of generating the residual stress of the longitudinal profile 14 ' or to be provided from the inner wall of a bore 16 '(not shown).

The rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ', for example each of one Shaft 52, 52 ', 52' 'or the like are worn (indicated shown), all support themselves at the same time from the inner wall of the bore 16 'of the longitudinal profile 14'. This is all the more advantageous since the rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ' in the case of an internal stress generation of a blind hole are self-supporting.

Without being shown in detail, however, it is alternative possible to use only one roller 20 '' '. Preferably but should at least two rollers 20, 20 ', 20' ', 20 '' 'are used, of which at least one is profiled is. These two rollers should face each other be arranged, their two outer diameters could roll on the inside diameter of the bore 16 ' additionally a support function for the generation of residual stress to reach. This allows the high manufacturing accuracy of the longitudinal profile 14 'after the residual stress generation improve even further.

Returning to FIG. 1, the device 18 for generating residual stress optionally in the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ' Subordinate reel 54, on which the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'after the residual stress generation in the device according to the invention 18, optionally for transport to another location, wound up can be.

After the device 18 for generating residual stresses in the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'or after the reel 54 is a device 56 for compacting the surface 16, 16 'of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'arranged. By means of the compression device 56, the surface 16, 16 'of the internal stress set longitudinal profile 14, 14 'in addition to a surface depth from about 500 μm, in particular from about 1 to 20 µm and preferably compressed by about 1 µm.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 6, the Device 56 for compacting the surface 16, 16 'of the Longitudinal profile 14 'at least one, but preferably several around the longitudinal profile 14 ', which is designed as a hollow profile, arranged compaction rollers 58, 58 '. The compaction rollers 58, 58 'act on the outer, convex Surface 16 of the longitudinal profile 14 'to compress it and thus partially or completely impermeable to gas or to make it gastight.

Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 additionally, a rolling head 60 known per se is provided, which arranged rotatably on an axis of rotation 62 or the like is. The rolling head 60 is with rotating bodies 64, for example with needles, to the rotation on or on the inner, concave surface 16 'of the rolling head 60 to support.

In this way, when moving the longitudinal profile 14 'in In the direction of arrow 65, the outer surface 16 simultaneously and the inner surface 16 'of the longitudinal profile 14' through the Compression device 56 compressed. The compression will additionally favored by the fact that the rollers 58, 58 ' and the rolling head 60 the longitudinal profile 14 'in opposite to each other Acting in the direction of one another support.

In the embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 1 10, the compacting device 56 is a cutting device 66 assigned. The cutting device 66 divides the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'to simplify further Workflow in smaller units. Such a cut to length can of course also on any other Place. Therefore, the cutter 66 could be without further ado, for example, in front of the residual stress generating device Arrange 18 or after the reel 54 etc. However, it is also conceivable to use several such cutting devices 66 to integrate in the device 10 according to the invention.

The cutter 66 in that shown in FIG. 1 Embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention again a device 68 for the non-cutting formation of a Profiles on the under stresses and at the present embodiment then on the surface side compressed longitudinal profile 14, 14 'downstream.

As FIG. 7 shows, the device 68 comprises non-cutting Forming a profile at least one profile roller 70. In the illustrated embodiment, two are each other opposite profile rollers 70 are provided, which the Longitudinal profile 14, which is here in the form of solid material, apply pressure in the opposite direction. The Profile rollers 70 form a profile on the longitudinal profile 14, the moved in the direction of arrow 72 by the device 10 becomes. So the longitudinal profile 14 in the illustrated embodiment with a pin profile 74 and a variety provided by annular beads 76 and recesses 78.

In addition, the device 68 for non-cutting training of a profile on the one set under residual stresses Longitudinal profile 14 according to FIG. 7 additionally at least a grooved roller 80 to form a thread 81. Also here are at least two grooved rollers facing each other 80 provided that support each other. about the two or more grooved rollers 80 can be any Cut thread 81 in the longitudinal profile 14. According to FIG. 7 the protruding pin 74 is equipped with a thread 81. Without being described in detail, however, it is also conceivable to have a section of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ' to provide a thread 81 that is not previously shaped was subjected to 70 by the profile roller / s. Finally it is also possible not to set the grooved roller / s 80 in the facility 68 for the non-cutting formation of a profile, but in a separate, downstream one To provide facility (not shown).

Finally, the device 68 for non-cutting training a profile when executing the device according to the invention 10 a further cutting device according to FIG 82 arranged downstream from or from the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ' shaped workpieces 12, 12 ', 12 "to length or ultimately from adjacent workpieces 12 separate. The workpiece 12 is in the present embodiment 7 designed as a so-called bottom piece.

The cut or separated workpieces 12, 12 ', 12' 'or separated sections of the longitudinal profile 14, 14 'are finally in a device 84 for surface treatment surface-treated in the area of their separation, for example deburred and ground, polished, buffed or otherwise smoothed.

As can be seen from FIG. 8, the longitudinal profile 14, 14 ' in any way through the one or more profile rollers 70 (not shown) can be shaped. For example a flange 86 at the leading end 88 of a longitudinal profile 14 ', which is designed as a hollow profile or tube or possibly also has a bore or the like, formed by profile rollers 70. The longitudinal profile 14 'is so to a workpiece 12 ', for example an end pipe or the like.

9A to 9E is yet another shape of the Longitudinal profile 14, which in turn is available as a solid material, is shown. A section of a longitudinal profile 14 corresponding to the 9A, which is subject to a cut in the cutter 66 was, is centered on a 70 by profile rollers Rolled down diameter, which is much smaller than the diameter of the outer surface 16. Then be on the two opposite ends of the shortened longitudinal profile 14 according to FIG. 9C by means of further profile rollers 70 pins 74 formed. The pins 74 are then each provided with a thread 81 via grooved rollers 80, which is indicated in FIG. 9D. The one with a profile Longitudinal profile 14 is then in the central section separated, creating two separate corresponding ones Workpieces 12 '', for example piston rods or the like, be formed.

1 illustrates a process flow in which continuous production of workpieces 12, 12 ', 12 '' according to the method and the associated device is integrated according to the invention.

The method and the device 10 according to the invention are suitable are particularly good for mass production of workpieces, which are formed from unprofiled, elongated profiles such as head restraints in motor vehicles or the like, preferably made of aluminum or aluminum containing alloys exist. In particular, stand out headrests manufactured in this way are pronounced on the one hand by a high strength, but also a certain amount Deformability, so that especially in frontal collisions previously reported head injuries to vehicle occupants can be avoided.

Find the method and / or in a particularly suitable manner the device 10 use to profiled, in particular hardened and / or coated, high-strength and / or gas-tight Workpieces 12, 12 '' with a round surface 16 made of solid material, preferably of rods, piston rods, axes, shafts, Crankshafts, camshafts or other elongated components, with or without spigot and / or with or without threaded sections etc., manufacture continuously.

The method and / or the device 10 can also be used for the continuous production of profiled, in particular hardened and / or coated, high-strength and / or gas-tight workpieces 12 'with hollow cross-section 16' or bores or similar recesses, especially through holes and / or blind holes, made of tubular Use material, especially pipes.

The method allows in a particularly advantageous manner and / or the device 10 according to the invention thus a continuous production of, especially high-strength and / or gas-tight, hydraulic spring or damping elements, preferably of (lockable) gas and / or liquid springs, preferably made of aluminum and / or aluminum containing alloys. So with one and the same Method and one and the same device simple and Get a wide range of components without any design effort and assemble to a design unit or even weld together.

For example, the workpiece 12 may be gas impermeable Bottom piece, which is described with reference to FIG. 7 is, in the workpiece 12 'in the form of a tube with a flange 86, which is explained in connection with FIG. 8 is used. The workpieces 12, 12 'are then welded together. The weld 90 runs in the Area of flanging 86. The structural unit thus formed leaves for example as an inner tube of a gas spring or the like use hydraulic spring element. The workpiece 12 '', which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 9A to 9E, finally can also be used as a piston rod in a gas spring or the like introduced hydraulic spring element and be installed in a gas-tight manner.

The method and the associated devices according to the Invention are not based on those previously exemplified Embodiments limited. So it is quite possible that workpiece to be treated from any available on the market Material or material made of metal or a metal alloy, in particular of base metals, such as lead, chromium, iron, Cobalt, nickel, copper, manganese, molybdenum, silicon, tungsten, Tin, zinc, or alloys thereof, such as brass, steel, or made of noble metals, such as gold, palladium, platinum, silver, or To form alloys therefrom, or from combinations thereof. The same applies to any coatings to be provided already treated workpiece or a surface or Bore etc. thereof, which are also of any design, consequently made of metal or a metal alloy and / or paint and / or plastic can exist.

Claims (35)

1. A method for the continuous production of workpieces (12, 12', 12'') of aluminum and/or alloys containing aluminum from an unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14'), wherein the unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') is first at least partially acted upon by at least one roller (20, 20', 20'') provided at least partially with an outer profile (24, 24') in such a manner as to induce compressive internal stresses in the processed surface (16, 16') of the longitudinal section (14, 14') and tensile internal stresses in the axial and tangential direction in the zones of the longitudinal section (14, 14') lying under the processed surface (16, 16'), wherein the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which the internal stresses have been induced is then at least partially provided with an uncut profile by means of at least one further roller (70, 80) and wherein, lastly, a portion of the longitudinal section (14, 14') at least partially provided with a profile is separated from the longitudinal section (14, 14') to form a profiled workpiece (12, 12', 12'').
2. A method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is moved in the axial direction due to being acted upon by the at least one roller (20, 20', 20'') provided at least partially with an outer profile (24, 24').
3. A method in accordance with Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is sequentially and in opposite direction acted upon by at least one and especially two rollers (20, 20', 20''') each of which is at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24').
4. A method in accordance with Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') with a round surface (16) is acted upon by at least one roller (20, 20', 20''') at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') arranged parallel to the longitudinal section (14, 14') and capable of being rotated about its own longitudinal axis (22, 22', 22''') and around the longitudinal section (14, 14').
5. A method in accordance with Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') with at least one boring (16') or a similar recess is acted upon by at least one roller (20, 20') at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') arranged parallel to the boring (16') or the similar recess and capable of being rotated about its own longitudinal axis (22, 22') and within the boring (16') or the similar recess.
6. A method in accordance with Claim 4 or Claim 5, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is acted upon by a roller (20, 20', 20''') at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') and at least one, preferably two substantially unprofiled roller/s (20'') arranged around the longitudinal section (14, 14.') and/or in the at least one boring (16') or the similar recess.
7. A method in accordance with Claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is processed by means of a roller (20''') with an outer profile (24, 24') in the form of annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axis (22''') of the roller (20'''), where especially the annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) of the roller (20, 20') arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axis (22''') of the roller (20''') assume a substantially counterposed forward motion position with respect to each other.
8. A method in accordance with Claim 4 or Claim 5, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is acted upon by two rollers (20, 20') at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') and a substantially unprofiled roller (20'') that are arranged around the longitudinal section (14, 14') and/or in the at least one boring (16') or the similar recess.
9. A method in accordance with Claim 8, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is processed by means of two rollers (20, 20') with an outer profile (24, 24') in the form of annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axes (22, 22') of the rollers (20, 20').
10. A method in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the two rollers (20, 20') are driven in the same direction of rotation when the annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) of the two rollers (20, 20') arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axes (22, 22') of the rollers (20, 20') assume a substantially counterposed forward motion position with respect to each other.
11. A method in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the two rollers (20, 20') are driven in opposite directions of rotation when the annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) of the two rollers (20, 20') arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axes (22, 22') of the rollers (20, 20') assume a substantially identical forward motion position with respect to each other.
12. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced is subjected to surface compaction.
13. A method in accordance with Claim 12, characterized in that the surface (16, 16') of the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced is compacted down to a depth of about 100 m below the surface, especially down to about 1 to 20 m and preferably down to about 1 m.
14. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced is at least partially provided with a profile by means of at least one profiled roller (70).
15. A method in accordance with Claim 14, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced is provided with a spigot profile (74) by means of the at least one profiled roller (70).
16. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced is at least partially provided with a thread (81) by means of at least one grooved roller (80).
17. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that one end (80) of a boring (16') or a similar recess of a longitudinal section (14, 14') or the leading end (88) of a hollow longitudinal section (14, 14') is provided with a flange-like annular beading (86) by means of at least one profiled roller (70).
18. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') is reduced to a shorter longitudinal section (14, 14').
19. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the separated portion of the longitudinal section (14, 14') and/or the shortened longitudinal section (14, 14') is subjected to finishing processing in the region of the separated surface.
20. A method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced and/or the workpiece (12, 12', 12'') or the at least partially processed surface (16) and/or the at least one processed boring (16') or the similar recess of the longitudinal section (14, 14') and/or of the workpiece (12, 12', 12'') are coated and/or anodized and/or galvanized and/or stained with a coating consisting of such metals as chromium, copper or the like and/or a metal alloy and/or a paint and/or a plastic material.
21. A device for the continuous production of workpieces (12, 12', 12'') from an unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') with a round surface (16) for carrying out the method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 20 that comprises an arrangement (18) for producing internal stresses in an unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') with three rollers (20, 20', 20'', 20''') arranged in parallel and around the longitudinal section (14, 14') that are at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') in the form of annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axis (22, 22', 22''') of the roller (20, 20', 20''') that acts upon the longitudinal section (14, 14'), where the rollers can be individually rotated about their own longitudinal axes (22, 22', 22'', 22''') and jointly around the longitudinal section (14, 14'), a device (68) for forming an uncut profile on the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced with at least one further roller (70, 80) and a device (82) separating a portion of the longitudinal section (14, 14') provided with a profile to form a profiled workpiece (12, 12', 12'') from the longitudinal section (14, 14').
22. A device for the continuous production of workpieces (12, 12', 12'') from an unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') with at least one boring (16') or a similar recess for carrying out the method in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 20 that comprises an arrangement (18) for producing internal stresses in the unprofiled longitudinal section (14, 14') with at least two and especially three rollers (20, 20', 20'', 20''') arranged in parallel and in the boring (16') or the similar recess that are at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') in the form of annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axis (22, 22', 22''') of the roller (20, 20', 20''') that acts upon the boring (16') or the similar recess, where the rollers can be individually rotated about their own longitudinal axes (22, 22', 22'', 22''') and jointly within the boring (16') or the similar recess of the longitudinal section (14, 14'), a device (68) for forming an uncut profile on the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced with at least one further roller (70, 80) and a device (82) separating a portion of the longitudinal section (14, 14') provided with a profile to form a profiled workpiece (12, 12', 12'') from the longitudinal section (14, 14').
23. A device in accordance with Claim 21 or Claim 22, characterized in that the arrangement (18) for the production of internal stresses comprises at least one roller and especially two rollers (20, 20', 20") with an outer profile (24, 24') that acts upon the workpiece (12, 12'').
24. A device in accordance with Claim 23, characterized in that the remaining rollers, and especially one roller (20''), are/is unprofiled.
25. A device in accordance with any one of Claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the at least one and especially two roller/s (20, 20', 20''') is/are at least partially provided with an outer profile (24, 24') acting sequentially on the workpiece (12, 12'') in opposite directions.
26. A device in accordance with Claim 25, characterized in that the one roller (20''') is provided with an outer profile (24, 24') in the form of annular elevations (26) and depressions (28) arranged at an angle ( , ') with respect to the longitudinal axis (22''') of the roller (20''') with a substantially counterposed forward motion position with respect to each other.
27. A device in accordance with Claim 26, characterized in that two adjacent rollers (20, 20') with an outer profile (24, 24') can be driven in the same direction of rotation when the elevations (26) and depressions (28) assume a substantially counterposed forward motion position and in opposite direction of rotation when the elevations (26) and depressions (28) assume a substantially identical forward motion position.
28. A device in accordance with any one of Claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the arrangement (18) for the production of internal stresses is followed by an apparatus (56) for compacting the surface of the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced.
29. A device in accordance with any one of Claims 21 to 28, characterized in that the device (66) for forming an uncut profile on the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced comprises at least one profiled roller (70).
30. A device in accordance with any one of Claims 21 to 29, characterized in that the device (68) for forming an uncut profile on the longitudinal section (14, 14') in which internal stresses have been induced comprises at least one grooved roller (80) for the formation of a thread (81).
31. A device in accordance with any one of Claims 21 to 30, characterized in that a cutting device (66, 82) is provided for reducing the length of the longitudinal section (14, 14').
32. Use of a method and/or a device in accordance with any one of the preceding claims for the continuous production of workpieces (12, 12', 12'') made of aluminum or such alloys containing aluminum as AlMg_4.5Mn, AlMgSi_0.5, AlMgSi, AlMg₅, AlZn_4.5Mg, AlCuMg, AlCuMg₂, AlZnMgCu_0.5, AlZnMgCu_1.5, AlCuMgPb.
33. Use of a method and/or a device in accordance with any one of the preceding claims for the continuous production of profiled, especially hardened and/or coated workpieces (12, 12', 12'') with a round surface (16) from solid material, especially bars, connection rods, axles, shafts, crankshafts, cam shafts or other elongated components with or without spigots and/or with or without threaded portions.
34. Use of the method and/or device in accordance with any one of the preceding claims for the production of, especially gastight, hydraulic spring and/or damping elements, preferably of gas and/or liquid springs, preferably from aluminum and/or an alloy containing aluminum.
35. Use of a method and/or a device in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 3 and Claims 5 to 20 and Claims 22 to 31 for the continuous production of profiled, especially hardened and/or coated workpieces (12') with borings (16') or similar recesses, especially through borings and/or blind borings, from tubular material, especially pipes.

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