EP1336756B1 - Piston de pompe rempli de sphères creuses - Google Patents

Piston de pompe rempli de sphères creuses Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1336756B1
EP1336756B1 EP20030001458 EP03001458A EP1336756B1 EP 1336756 B1 EP1336756 B1 EP 1336756B1 EP 20030001458 EP20030001458 EP 20030001458 EP 03001458 A EP03001458 A EP 03001458A EP 1336756 B1 EP1336756 B1 EP 1336756B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow piston
hollow
filling
piston according
spheres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20030001458
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1336756A2 (fr
EP1336756A3 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Gärtner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brueninghaus Hydromatik GmbH
Original Assignee
Brueninghaus Hydromatik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brueninghaus Hydromatik GmbH filed Critical Brueninghaus Hydromatik GmbH
Publication of EP1336756A2 publication Critical patent/EP1336756A2/fr
Publication of EP1336756A3 publication Critical patent/EP1336756A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1336756B1 publication Critical patent/EP1336756B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
    • F04B1/124—Pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow piston for a piston engine, in particular an axial piston machine, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for producing such a hollow piston.
  • a piston for an axial piston machine which is designed as a hollow body, in which an insert used and by means of an outer end surface cross-envelope of the insert surrounding the wall of the hollow body is axially secured.
  • the envelope is formed by pressing in the longer than finally sized wall of the hollow body in a plurality of mutually opposite recesses or in an annular recess of the insert and cutting the piston thus formed approximately in the region of the recesses or the annular recess.
  • the insert is preferably made of aluminum.
  • a disadvantage of the known from DE 39 19 329 A1 piston is that the insert is made of a different material than the hollow body of the piston, so that subsequent In particular, thermal processing steps due to the different thermal expansion are limited feasible. Furthermore, the insert must be made in register to minimize imbalance and dead volume, which places a high demand on the manufacturing process.
  • the different methods of locking the piston such as the envelope in the document mentioned with pressed-in recess or the welding with a lid, often result in large dead volumes.
  • DE 199 29 760 A1 discloses a process for producing metallic, oxidic or ceramic hollow spheres in which starting materials for the cladding layer are applied to moving spherical carrier elements and the green compacts thus produced are subsequently pyrolyzed and sintered.
  • the spherical support elements are set in motion and applied a liquid to pasty binder. Separately, at least one dry, powdered or granular starting material is fed to form the coating layer. Subsequently, the green compacts are sintered substantially in static rest, wherein the material of the support elements is pyrolyzed before completion of the sintering.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hollow piston, which on the one hand has a reduced mass relative to a mass piston and on the other hand, a high strength and to provide a method for producing such hollow piston.
  • the object is with respect to the hollow piston by the features of claim 1 and with respect to Manufacturing method solved by the features of claim 24.
  • the hollow piston can be designed both in a construction with an integrally formed ball joint and in inverse construction with a ball joint used in a camp.
  • the bearing can be integrally connected to the hollow piston or inserted as a separate component in this.
  • the latter embodiment is particularly advantageous because the hollow piston is thereby produced inexpensively from a simple piece of pipe.
  • a further advantage is that the hollow piston can be left open depending on the An Crumissen at its fillable end or can be provided to reduce the dead volume or increase the stability with a lid.
  • a passage of the hydraulic fluid through a pipe can be realized in a dense ball packing with very low dead volume in a simple manner.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are particularly suitable for use in axial piston machines.
  • Such axial piston machine can be carried out, for example, in swash plate design with adjustable displacement and includes in a known manner as essential components a hollow cylindrical housing, a terminal block attached to the housing, a swash plate, a control body, a drive shaft and a cylinder drum.
  • cylinder drum In the cylinder drum cylinder bores are radially distributed evenly.
  • the hollow piston described in more detail in FIGS. 1 and 2 are arranged axially displaceable, with the rod ends of the hollow pistons formed as ball heads in FIGS. 1A to 1C being supported by sliding shoes on the swashplate.
  • the hollow piston can also be embodied in an inverse construction, as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2E, wherein the sliding blocks wear the ball heads formed as joint heads and engage with them in corresponding bearings of the hollow piston.
  • the pistons are designed as a hollow piston and provided with a suitable core, which may be made of aluminum, for example.
  • the core serves on the one hand the weight savings and on the other hand the stabilization of the hollow piston.
  • the disadvantages of such completely or partially filled by a core hollow piston are many. In addition to the increased production costs and the resulting costs, in particular the dead volume, which remains in the production of the piston, the production of a central bore and the closure of the hollow piston with the required process techniques and processing steps of disadvantage.
  • the hollow piston 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, provided with a hollow ball filling 2 to minimize the hollow space remaining in the hollow piston 1 1 or the dead volume to reduce the mass of the hollow piston 1 with respect to a solid piston and still to achieve a high stability of the hollow piston 1.
  • the hollow ball filling 2 allows the passage of the hydraulic fluid without the need for a hollow piston 1 continuous bore. If the same material as for the hollow piston 1 is used for the hollow sphere filling 2, further processing, for example with heat treatment, is also possible in a simple manner following the filling, since both the hollow piston 1 and the hollow sphere filling 2 are made of the same material and thus subject to the same thermal expansion.
  • the production of the hollow piston 1 with the hollow sphere filling 2 takes place according to the invention in several steps.
  • the hollow piston 1 is produced in a known manner, for example by turning.
  • the individual hollow spheres 4 can be either already sintered or sintered in a further production step in the hollow piston 1 together with this optionally under additional pressure to a solid diffusion bond between the main body the hollow piston 1, the hollow balls 4 and a possibly aufdin cover 5 produce.
  • the individual hollow balls 4 can also be connected by gluing or soldering.
  • the individual hollow balls 4 are, as already described above, z. B. produced by a powder metallurgy process.
  • substrate materials such. B. Styropor® sprayed by spin coating in a continuous stream of hot air with a binder metal powder suspension and then either in the form of individual balls or in a composite heat treated.
  • pyrolysis of the styrofoam core and of the binder or sintering of the metal powder takes place, as a result of which hollow spherical molded bodies or metallic single hollow spheres 4 are formed.
  • the individual hollow balls 4, which are in a simple manner in the hollow piston 1 can be introduced.
  • Typical dimensions of the hollow balls 4 are diameters of about 0.5 mm to 10 mm and wall thicknesses of about 20 microns to 1000 microns.
  • the diameter and the wall thickness of the hollow balls 4 can be chosen freely according to the high pressure requirements.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1C show hollow pistons 1 for a reciprocating machine manufactured according to the above-mentioned method as described above.
  • the hollow piston 1 are designed in a conventional manner, d. H. formed as ball joints rod ends 6 of the hollow piston 1 are based on sliding blocks on the swash plate of the axial piston from.
  • FIG. 1A shows the simplest variant of a hollow piston 1 according to the invention.
  • the hollow piston 1 comprises a main body 7, which has a recess 8 extending over at least part of the axial length of the main body 7.
  • the recess 8 can be produced in a conventional manner by means of cutting or non-cutting methods.
  • the condyle 6 is formed, which has a bore 9 through which flows the hydraulic fluid to the shoe for the purpose of lubrication and hydrostatic discharge.
  • the hollow balls 4 of the hollow sphere filling 2 are now filled into the recess 8 of the hollow piston 1 and, after appropriate compression by means of sintering, soldering or gluing together and connected to the hollow piston 1.
  • the hydraulic fluid flowing through the hollow piston 1 has enough space between the individual hollow spheres 4 to form the sliding shoe to stream.
  • the dead volume of the hollow piston 1 is the sum of all remaining between the hollow balls 4 cavities third
  • Fig. 1A The advantage of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1A is in particular the simple and thus cost manufacturability.
  • a second embodiment of a hollow piston 1 is shown in a conventional construction.
  • a cover 5 is used in this embodiment after filling the hollow piston 1 with hollow balls 4, which closes the hollow piston 1.
  • a bore 10 is formed, which allows the hydraulic fluid to flow into the recess 8 of the hollow piston 1.
  • the hollow piston 1 is sintered. This results in a hollow piston 1 with a very low dead volume, high stability and compared to a solid piston significantly reduced mass.
  • the hydraulic fluid flows as in the previous embodiment through the remaining cavities 3 between the hollow balls 4th
  • FIG. 1C shows a further embodiment of a hollow piston 1 designed according to the invention. Since it may be possible in some situations that due to the too small size of the cavities 3 between the hollow spheres 4, the hydraulic fluid can no longer flow through the hollow piston 1 sufficiently unthrottled,
  • a central through-bore 11 may be provided in a tube 12 inserted in the hollow piston i.
  • the filling of the hollow piston 1 with hollow balls 4 is then carried out accordingly around the tube 8 around.
  • the hollow piston 1 is sintered to the connection between the individual components with each other, the hollow balls 4 with each other and between the hollow balls 4 and to achieve the said components.
  • the tube 12 can optionally pass through the lid 5 through a recess 13 as shown in Fig. 1C or the lid 5 and the tube 12 can be made in one piece with the inclusion of the bore 10.
  • the effective reduction of the dead volume and the high stability of the hollow piston 1 are particularly advantageous.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2E show embodiments for the inverse embodiment of the hollow piston 1, in which formed as ball joints rod ends 6 with sliding shoes 14 which are supported on the swash plate of the axial piston machine, for example, integrally formed and in a bearing 15 in the main body. 7 the hollow piston 1 pivotally engage.
  • the rod ends 6 also have a bore 9 for fluid line.
  • Fig. 2A a simple embodiment is shown, which has the advantage of simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the hollow sphere filling 2 is introduced into the recess 8 of the hollow piston 1.
  • the hollow piston 1 is sintered to produce the required connection between the individual hollow balls 4 and the hollow piston 1.
  • the condyle 6 of the shoe 14 is inserted into the bearing 15.
  • the hydraulic fluid flows around the cavities 3 between the hollow spheres 4.
  • a lid 16 may be sintered, which also has a bore 17 for fluid line having.
  • FIG. 2C A similar simple embodiment as in Fig. 2 A is shown in Fig. 2C, where the bearing 15 is closed against the hollow piston 1.
  • This shape of the hollow piston 1 must also be provided with a bore 17 for fluid conduction into the recess 8 of the hollow piston 1. The filling of the hollow piston 1 is thereby possible from the opposite side with subsequent sintering as in Fig. 1A.
  • FIG. 2D has, analogously to FIG. 1B, a cover 5 with a bore 10, which is used to reduce the dead volume after filling the hollow piston 1 with hollow balls 4 in the hollow piston 1 and then connected by sintering to the hollow piston 1 and the hollow balls 4 becomes.
  • a tube 12 is arranged with a through-bore 11 through which the hydraulic fluid flows to the sliding shoe for the purpose of lubrication and hydrostatic discharge.
  • the hollow balls 4 are again smaller and filled so that they form after sintering with the tube 12, the lid 5 and the hollow piston 1 and one another with each other.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C show further exemplary embodiments of hollow piston 1 configured in accordance with the invention in an inverse design.
  • the embodiments are to be seen in analogy to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2C to 2E, wherein in the embodiments described below, the wall of the main body 7 is formed from a piece of pipe and one in Figs. 2C to 2E integral with the main body formed of the hollow piston 1 bearing sleeve 18 is formed as a separate component.
  • the bearing sleeve 18 also has a bore 17.
  • the connection between the main body 7 and the bearing sleeve 18 can be made by sintering as in the other components.
  • Advantage of the separate bearing sleeve is in particular the ease of manufacture of the main body 7 of a piece of pipe, which is particularly inexpensive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Claims (27)

  1. Piston creux (1) pour une machine à piston, comprenant un corps principal (7) dans lequel est ménagé un évidement (8) au moins sur une partie de la longueur axiale du corps principal (7),
    caractérisé en ce que l'évidement (8) est rempli au moins en partie avec un remplissage de billes creuses (2), remplissage qui forme un composite avec le corps principal (7) au moyen d'un frittage.
  2. Piston creux selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le remplissage de billes creuses (2) est constitué de billes creuses individuelles (4) susceptible d'être déversées.
  3. Piston creux selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que des cavités (3) demeurent entre les billes creuses (4) après le frittage.
  4. Piston creux selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un fluide hydraulique qui traverse le piston creux (1) s'écoule à travers les cavités (3).
  5. Piston creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston creux (1) comprend une tête d'articulation (6) réalisée sous la forme de tête sphérique, laquelle est susceptible d'être reliée à un patin coulissant.
  6. Piston creux selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston creux (1) est ouvert, après le remplissage, sur un côté opposé à la tête d'articulation (6).
  7. Piston creux selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston creux (1) est refermé par un couvercle (5), après le remplissage, sur un côté opposé à la tête d'articulation (6).
  8. Piston creux selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (5) est relié par frittage au piston creux (1).
  9. Piston creux selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (5) présente un perçage (10).
  10. Piston creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston creux comprend une douille de palier (15) réalisée d'une seule pièce avec celui-ci, dans laquelle une tête d'articulation (6), réalisée d'une seule pièce avec un patin coulissant (14), est susceptible d'être mise en place.
  11. Piston creux selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une extrémité du piston creux (1) tournée vers la tête d'articulation (6) est ouverte, et une extrémité du piston creux (1) détournée de la tête d'articulation est fermée.
  12. Piston creux selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un couvercle (16) est réalisé entre le remplissage de billes (2) et la tête d'articulation (6).
  13. Piston creux selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (16) comporte un perçage (17).
  14. Piston creux selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une extrémité du piston creux (1) tournée vers la tête d'articulation (6) est refermée au moyen d'une douille de palier (18) réalisée d'une seule pièce avec le piston creux, et une extrémité du piston creux (1) détournée de la tête d'articulation est ouverte.
  15. Piston creux selon la revendication 14,
    caractérisé en ce que le piston creux (1) est refermé par un couvercle (5), après le remplissage, sur un côté opposé à la tête d'articulation (6).
  16. Piston creux selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (5) est relié au piston creux (1) par frittage.
  17. Piston creux selon la revendication 15 ou 16,
    caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (5) comporte un perçage (10).
  18. Piston creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un tube (12) est agencé dans l'évidement (8), tube qui s'étend sur la longueur axiale de l'évidement (8).
  19. Piston creux selon la revendication 18,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un perçage traversant (11) est ménagé dans le tube (12).
  20. Piston creux selon la revendication 18 ou 19,
    caractérisé en ce que le remplissage de billes (2) entoure le tube (12).
  21. Piston creux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 20,
    caractérisé en ce que la paroi du piston creux (1) est réalisée à partir d'un morceau tubulaire d'une seule pièce.
  22. Piston creux selon la revendication 21,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une douille de palier (18) est réalisée sous forme de composant séparé.
  23. Piston creux selon la revendication 22,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une douille de palier (18) est enfilée dans le piston creux et reliée à celui-ci par frittage.
  24. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un piston creux (1) pour une machine à pistons, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    -- fabrication d'un corps principal (7) du piston creux (1), dans lequel est ménagé un évidement (8) au moins sur une partie de la longueur axiale du piston creux (1),
    -- remplissage de l'évidement (8) au moins partiellement avec un remplissage (2) de billes creuses (4), et
    -- frittage du piston creux (1) avec le remplissage de billes creuses (2) pour réaliser un composite entre le corps principal (7) et le remplissage de billes creuses (2).
  25. Procédé selon la revendication 24,
    caractérisé en ce que l'évidement (8) est rempli de billes creuses individuelles capables d'être déversées.
  26. Procédé selon la revendication 24,
    caractérisé en ce que le remplissage de billes creuses est préformé par frittage à l'extérieur de l'évidement (8) et est alors mis en place dans l'évidement (8).
  27. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 24 à 26,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une étape de procédé supplémentaire avant le frittage, dans laquelle le piston creux (1) est pourvu d'un couvercle (5).
EP20030001458 2002-02-18 2003-01-22 Piston de pompe rempli de sphères creuses Expired - Lifetime EP1336756B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002106729 DE10206729B4 (de) 2002-02-18 2002-02-18 Hohlkolben mit Hohlkugelfüllung
DE10206729 2002-02-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1336756A2 EP1336756A2 (fr) 2003-08-20
EP1336756A3 EP1336756A3 (fr) 2003-12-03
EP1336756B1 true EP1336756B1 (fr) 2006-10-18

Family

ID=27618752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20030001458 Expired - Lifetime EP1336756B1 (fr) 2002-02-18 2003-01-22 Piston de pompe rempli de sphères creuses

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1336756B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10206729B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009056903A1 (de) 2009-12-03 2011-06-09 Danfoss A/S Hydraulische Kolbenmaschine, insbesondere wasserhydraulische Maschine
DE102013211893A1 (de) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hohlkolben für eine Schrägscheibenmaschine und Schrägscheibenmaschine
DE102016212231A1 (de) * 2016-07-05 2018-01-11 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für eine Axialkolbenmaschine

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63266269A (ja) * 1987-04-21 1988-11-02 Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd 油圧装置のピストン
DE3902032A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Gesintertes leichtbaumaterial mit herstellungsverfahren
DE3919329C1 (fr) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-06 Hydromatik Gmbh, 7915 Elchingen, De
US4925740A (en) * 1989-07-28 1990-05-15 Rohr Industries, Inc. Hollow metal sphere filled stabilized skin structures and method of making
DE4108786C2 (de) * 1991-03-18 1995-01-05 Hydromatik Gmbh Leichtkolben für hydrostatische Axial- und Radialkolbenmaschinen
DE4338457C2 (de) * 1993-11-11 1998-09-03 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Bauteil aus Metall oder Keramik mit dichter Außenschale und porösem Kern und Herstellungsverfahren
US5642654A (en) * 1994-09-01 1997-07-01 Sundstrand Corporation Piston and method of manufacturing the same
DE19929760C2 (de) * 1999-06-29 2003-05-22 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Herstellung metallischer, oxydischer oder keramischer Hohlkugeln
US6431051B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2002-08-13 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Closed cavity hydraulic piston and method of making the same
US6338293B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-01-15 Sauer-Danfoss Inc. Reduced oil volume piston assembly for a hydrostatic unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10206729B4 (de) 2004-02-05
EP1336756A2 (fr) 2003-08-20
EP1336756A3 (fr) 2003-12-03
DE50305393D1 (de) 2006-11-30
DE10206729A1 (de) 2003-09-18

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