EP1335177B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour simuler d'une manière visuelle des objets en train d'exploser - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour simuler d'une manière visuelle des objets en train d'exploser Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1335177B1
EP1335177B1 EP03405054A EP03405054A EP1335177B1 EP 1335177 B1 EP1335177 B1 EP 1335177B1 EP 03405054 A EP03405054 A EP 03405054A EP 03405054 A EP03405054 A EP 03405054A EP 1335177 B1 EP1335177 B1 EP 1335177B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
heat
heat accumulator
simulation
order
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03405054A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1335177A1 (fr
Inventor
Rene Lazecki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RUAG Electronics AG
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RUAG Electronics AG
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Filing date
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Application filed by RUAG Electronics AG filed Critical RUAG Electronics AG
Publication of EP1335177A1 publication Critical patent/EP1335177A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1335177B1 publication Critical patent/EP1335177B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
    • F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A33/00—Adaptations for training; Gun simulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the visual simulation of exploding bodies according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the preamble of the first device claim.
  • arc guns artificialillery, mine throwers
  • signature bodies are laid out in grid form in the target area in advance.
  • Signature bodies are carriers of smoke generators.
  • the smoke generators can be targeted triggered by radio usually. If the action of bowed firearms is to be displayed, a computer calculates the impact location of the projectiles and wirelessly triggers the corresponding smoke generators in the signature bodies in the field.
  • the trained troop recognizes the danger and can react accordingly.
  • the training troops with their simulation weapons vehicles e.g. Tanks
  • fight In order for the shooter, the vehicle crew and all other participants to know that the vehicle has been hit, a signature mounted on the vehicle, e.g. in the form of a smoke, triggered.
  • a different color smoke is often used to detect different types of hits, e.g. a mine hit, display.
  • Another known method is the ejection of fine inert powder.
  • a cup of very fine inert powder is poured over a pyrotechnic propellant charge. If the propellant ignited, the powder is expelled explosively and there is a visible powder cloud.
  • an explosive gas mixture e.g. misty oil is added.
  • an ignitable gas mixture e.g. Butane / air produced.
  • the mixture is e.g. mixed with misted oil. With an electric spark, the mixture can be ignited. During explosive combustion, the oil burns and produces visible smoke.
  • the required heat is generated at the moment of simulation in a low heat capacity evaporator.
  • the object of this prior art was to avoid the intolerable in this art, continuous energy consumption, which was necessary in conventional evaporators for maintaining the operating temperature.
  • US 5,803,359 discloses an apparatus for generating mist by evaporating a mixture of water and glycols.
  • the liquid is heated in a first container to create an overpressure which serves to force liquid from the container into the evaporator when a valve is opened.
  • the liquid gets on hot gravel or pieces of metal, where it evaporates.
  • the steam is z. B. directed into a room to form a mist in it and thereby prevent the orientation in case of unauthorized entry.
  • the arrangement thus generates relative to the present application considerable amounts of fog and is therefore only stationary and operable with a power supply from the power grid.
  • the entire evaporation liquid is kept permanently at a relatively high temperature (125-150 ° C) in order to maintain the operating pressure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide another method for generating a signature in the open field with low risk of practice participants.
  • the signature is generated by vaporization of a liquid, wherein the vapor forms a clearly visible mist during spraying and thus marks the (simulated) explosion site.
  • the liquid (fluid) consists predominantly of water.
  • the other components are chosen so that the fluid is not toxic.
  • the device for the evaporation consists essentially of a heat storage sufficiently high heat capacity that he can provide the heat after heating to a predetermined operating temperature, which is sufficient to evaporate a sufficiently large amount of fluid to produce the signature of an explosion site.
  • the heat accumulator must not cool below a temperature that still allows evaporation.
  • the heat storage is wrapped in a thermal insulation, so that a relatively low heating power is required to keep it at operating temperature.
  • an energy source for the heating is preferably used gas which can be stored in liquefied form, and the combustion for heat generation is further preferably flameless, for example in a catalytic burner.
  • essentially liquid preferably a water-glycol mixture (fluid) is evaporated.
  • fluid a water-glycol mixture
  • This method is well known and has long been used in theaters, film and discotheques.
  • the fluid and the resulting vapor is non-toxic and can safely be used even indoors.
  • the amount of steam can be varied within wide ranges, since with appropriate execution (steady energy supply) the evaporation is controllable. In this case, the amount of steam depends only on the available amount of fluid.
  • the steam level can be varied by varying the steam pressure. Noise is produced except for the hiss of the steam and the noise of the pump.
  • the steam is very hot when leaving the evaporator (about 200 ° C). However, since it cools down very quickly in the air (a few centimeters after the nozzle), condenses and thus becomes visible, the safety distance to the nozzle is very small (only a few centimeters). By attaching a suitable protection, such a signature body can be operated without support with respect to safety distance.
  • the known evaporators are constructed as follows: A reservoir (usually made of plastic) for the fluid; a pump that pumps the fluid into the evaporator; and the evaporator. Since the evaporation of the liquid, which consists mainly of pure water, a lot of energy is needed and such a device to be operated on the normal secure network (Switzerland: 230 V / 10 A), the amount of energy required for this purpose is thermally in one massive metal body, the evaporator, which usually consists of an aluminum alloy, cached. For this purpose, radiators in the power range of typically 700 to 1500 W are installed in the evaporator. A temperature sensor attached to the evaporator regulates the heating so that heating is switched off at a temperature of typically 220 ° C.
  • the heating is switched on again.
  • the heating typically takes between 3 to 12 minutes.
  • the known evaporator is usually thermally insulated with insulating materials.
  • the evaporator is hollow inside. In order to enlarge the surface, the cavity is usually formed spirally.
  • the fluid pump is connected, on the other the steam nozzle. For evaporation, the fluid is pumped into the hot evaporator. The fluid withdraws from the Evaporator heat and evaporates. The steam escapes under pressure through the steam nozzle.
  • a battery-operated heat storage is out of the question, because even with very good thermal insulation, the required amount of energy alone to maintain the temperature for the desired autonomy period of 7 days is much too large. Rather, the heating of the heat storage must be done via an energy source, which has a very high energy density.
  • butane, propane, or a mixture of butane and propane gas is used. Furthermore, the gas is catalytically, i. flamed without flames. This prevents unwanted substances that could be on the heat accumulator (leaves, grass) from being ignited.
  • the heat storage is also the evaporator. The mass is so dimensioned that, heated to the operating temperature of about 220 ° C, about 1 ml / sec of the fluid during max. It can evaporate for 5 seconds, cooling to about 200 ° C.
  • the evaporator is made in two parts.
  • a spiral groove 2 is cut, wherein both the beginning and the end of the groove in the entire circumference by approximately groove width cut 6, 11 is.
  • the insert 1 is pressed into the outer part 3, while the mass are chosen so that the areas between the groove between insert 1 and outer part 4 are tight and that in particular the use is tight against the outer part on the nozzle side.
  • a suitable sealing means for example an O-ring 5, is used there.
  • On the nozzle side of the cutout 6 of the spiral groove is connected by a transverse bore 7 with the nozzle bore 8. In the nozzle bore a nozzle 9 is screwed.
  • a bore 10 (feed bore) is introduced in the outer part at the level of the free cut 11 of the spiral groove.
  • the fluid is pumped from the reservoir 13 into the evaporator with a pump 12. If the evaporator is at operating temperature, the fluid evaporates immediately and leaves the evaporator through the nozzle in vapor form.
  • a commercially available check valve 14 is screwed into the supply bore 10.
  • the heat source used is a commercially available catalytic gas burner 15, which is known per se in its function. The gas is supplied from a gas tank 16 via an electric valve 17 to the gas burner.
  • the gas is ignited with an electric spark, which is generated by a small high-voltage generator 19 in a spark gap 18. So that the evaporator loses as little heat as possible by radiation, the whole evaporator, except on the side of the burner, with a thermally insulating material 20, eg rock wool coated. About the rock wool is to protect their housing 21 made of stainless steel, for example (stainless steel is a poor conductor of heat).
  • the whole device is controlled by a microprocessor 22.
  • the microprocessor 22 regulates the temperature of the evaporator so that it is always in the range of about 200 to 220 ° C. For this he measures with the temperature sensor 24, the temperature of the evaporator and opens and closes the electric gas valve 17. If necessary, it ignites the gas by means of the high voltage generator 19 and the spark gap 18th
  • the electrical energy is taken from an accumulator 23. If the microprocessor 22 is e.g. via a connected wireless module triggered to produce a cloud of steam, he sets the pump 12 in motion. The fluid passes from the reservoir into the hot evaporator, where it is instantly vaporized and expelled through the steam nozzle 9.
  • the device In addition to the essential functions of the device, the device still has the usual precautions against unauthorized operating conditions, such as pressure relief valve, overheating gas shut-off, protection against ingress of liquid gas when the device is tilted too obliquely.
  • the batteries are charged and the gas and fluid are filled. Thereafter, the device is placed at the predetermined location in the field and turned on.
  • the microprocessor checks the various sensors (temperature, tilt) to see if they are in the allowed range. If this is the case, it opens the gas valve and ignites the gas. The successful ignition is monitored with the corresponding sensor. With the known 2-point control, the temperature of the evaporator is always maintained between about 200 and 220 ° C. For example, if the microprocessor receives the command to generate a cloud of steam via radio, it starts the pump. In a higher-level program section, all safety elements are continuously measured and, if necessary, reacted immediately, usually by closing the gas valve and switching off the pump.
  • a steam jet nozzle 30 ( Figure 3) may be used.
  • the function and design of steam jet nozzles is well known.
  • the substance drawn in by the steam jet which is located in a reservoir 27, is liquid food coloring.
  • the reservoir 27 is connected via a line 32 to the suction part 33 of the nozzle 30. Is inserted in the line 32 of color e.g. built-in electrical valve 26, the coloring can be controlled arbitrarily, so as to produce different colored steam. If the three basic colors and adjustable valves 26 are used, any desired color can be produced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé pour la simulation visuelle de corps explosant en terrain libre, où un liquide, plus particulièrement un liquide composé principalement d'eau, est évaporé afin de produire un nuage de vapeur qui marque l'endroit de l'explosion simulée, caractérisé en ce que la chaleur requise pour l'évaporation pour la simulation de l'explosion d'au moins un corps explosant est emmagasinée dans un accumulateur de chaleur (1), et en ce que le liquide à évaporer est amené en contact thermique avec l'accumulateur de chaleur afin d'atteindre un court délai entre le déclenchement de la simulation et la production de la vapeur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur est chauffé par la combustion d'une matière énergétique liquide, solide ou gazeuse.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que que l'accumulateur de chaleur (1) est maintenu à une température de service prédéterminée par un apport de chaleur afin de tenir à disposition la température et la quantité de chaleur requises pour l'évaporation, et en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (1) est pourvu d'une isolation thermique (20) afin de réduire substantiellement la dissipation de chaleur vers l'environnement.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le liquide contient de l'eau et en option d'autres composantes qui représentent tout au plus un faible et préférablement aucun risque sanitaire et/ou écologique.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une composante additionnelle, préférablement la seule composante additionnelle du liquide est l'éthylène glycol.
  6. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 avec un évaporateur pour le liquide à évaporer, caractérisé en ce que l'évaporateur est équipé d'un accumulateur de chaleur (1) et d'un dispositif de chauffage (15) en liaison thermique avec l'accumulateur de chaleur (1), l'accumulateur de chaleur (1) pouvant essentiellement fournir la quantité de chaleur requise pour évaporer suffisamment de liquide pour la simulation d'au moins un événement, et l'accumulateur de chaleur étant entouré d'une enveloppe en matière d'isolation thermique (20) afin de réduire substantiellement la puissance de chauffage pour le maintien de l'état de disponibilité dans lequel l'accumulateur de chaleur peut fournir la chaleur d'évaporation, et caractérisé en ce qu'une quantité de la matière énergétique requise pour le fonctionnement du dispositif de chauffage (15) est en réserve qui permet de maintenir l'état de disponibilité pendant au moins un jour.
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la réserve de la matière énergétique suffit pour maintenir l'état de disponibilité pendant au moins trois jours, préférablement au moins sept jours.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (15) est conçu pour la combustion d'un gaz qui est stockable sous forme liquéfiée dans un réservoir (16) du dispositif.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (15) est un dispositif pour la combustion sans flamme d'un combustible, préférablement par combustion catalytique.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'accumulateur de chaleur (1) est essentiellement en métal et que sa surface est munie d'au moins une rainure (2) en forme de canal d'une telle longueur qu'un liquide peut être évaporé en le conduisant par ladite rainure.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une buse à jet de vapeur (30) dont la partie d'aspiration est reliée à au moins un réservoir de stockage (27) d'un colorant est agencée à la sortie de l'évaporateur.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que dans la conduite pour la matière énergétique reliant le réservoir de stockage (16) au dispositif de chauffage (15) est agencé un moyen de fermeture (17) capable d'être fermé par une commande (22) fonctionnellement reliée à des moyens capteurs conçus pour déterminer la direction de la force du poids agissant sur le gaz liquéfié au moins en l'occurrence d'une déviation excessive de la direction du poids d'une direction prédéterminée, afin d'éviter la pénétration du gaz liquéfié dans le dispositif de chauffage.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'une commande (22) est pourvue qui est capable d'être sélectionnée et activée à distance, plus particulièrement par radio, parmi une pluralité de dispositifs similaires afin de déclencher le dispositif pour la simulation d'une explosion.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'une pompe (12) qui est enclencheable et déclencheable par la commande (22) est agencée entre un réservoir de stockage (16) du liquide et l'évaporateur afin de pouvoir générer la simulation en enclencheant la pompe lorsque le dispositif est activé.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 14, caractérisé en ce que des sources de signaux acoustiques et/ou optiques sont pourvues afin d'améliorer la perceptibilité de la simulation.
  16. Utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 15 pour la simulation de projectiles explosants, particulièrement au cours de manoeuvres et d'autres exercices de combat avec des corps d'armes explosants dans le terrain et/ou sur des objets artificiels tels que véhicules, bâtiments.
EP03405054A 2002-02-11 2003-02-04 Procédé et dispositif pour simuler d'une manière visuelle des objets en train d'exploser Expired - Lifetime EP1335177B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2192002 2002-02-11
CH2192002 2002-02-11

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EP1335177A1 EP1335177A1 (fr) 2003-08-13
EP1335177B1 true EP1335177B1 (fr) 2006-03-29

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US (1) US6814024B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1335177B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE321988T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003200473B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2418522C (fr)
DE (1) DE50302804D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO327300B1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109341433A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-15 大庆思特传媒科技有限公司 烟花模拟装置

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US8475168B2 (en) 2007-05-08 2013-07-02 Stuart C. Segall Personnel casualty simulator
CN107121022B (zh) * 2014-08-29 2018-03-23 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 一种冷焰火喷发设备
CN105241316B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2017-12-19 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 用于冷焰火喷发设备的冷焰火激发装置及冷焰火喷发设备
CN105241317B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2018-01-23 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 冷焰火喷发设备
CN105258576B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2018-06-15 浏阳市孝文电子科技有限公司 用于冷焰火喷发设备的送料装置及冷焰火喷发设备
CN105258575A (zh) * 2015-11-03 2016-01-20 陈江波 用于冷焰火喷发设备的下料装置及冷焰火喷发设备
CN105423827A (zh) * 2015-11-03 2016-03-23 陈江波 喷发冷焰火的方法
CN105241318B (zh) * 2015-11-03 2016-10-05 陈江波 冷焰火喷发设备的电子控制装置
EP4184466A1 (fr) 2016-11-04 2023-05-24 Verisure Sàrl Générateur de fumée avec déflecteur
CN109696087B (zh) * 2017-10-20 2020-12-01 湖南尚花科技有限公司 一种舞台喷发瀑布机
CN113154954B (zh) * 2021-04-23 2024-08-09 长沙市斯帕克电子科技有限公司 冷焰火设备

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1335177A1 (fr) 2003-08-13
US6814024B2 (en) 2004-11-09
CA2418522A1 (fr) 2003-08-11
CA2418522C (fr) 2009-11-03
AU2003200473A1 (en) 2003-08-28
NO20030653L (no) 2003-08-12
ATE321988T1 (de) 2006-04-15
AU2003200473B2 (en) 2008-05-01
NO327300B1 (no) 2009-06-02
US20030150370A1 (en) 2003-08-14
NO20030653D0 (no) 2003-02-10
DE50302804D1 (de) 2006-05-18

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