EP1335083B1 - Method for renovating power pylons consisting of steel lattices - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves fixing at least one tie rod (3) to the mast in its longitudinal direction, whereby one end of the tie rod is attached to one corner strut (1) and the other end is fixed to the base (2) or to a corner strut, whereby the tie rod is placed under tension. One tie rod can be mounted along a corner strut with its upper ad attached to the strut and the lower end to the base.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the rehabilitation of steel lattice construction produced pylons with four corner stems and a foundation. - Such high voltage pylons are also called overhead towers designated. The arranged at the four corners of the high voltage mast four corner handles are usually in the concrete foundation Concreteed foundation.

Power pylons are used for the transmission and distribution of used electrical energy. It is about Steel lattice constructions of special kind, to which high requirements concerning of serviceability and safety. When a High voltage mast fails, so is the failure of whole power lines or high voltage line sections of the electrical Power the episode. High voltage pylons must therefore special rules are and will accordingly Operability and safety monitors.

High voltage pylons are usually considerable tensile loads exposed. Very variable tensile forces come for example through the Temperature-dependent loads from those on the pylons Connected conductor cables to conditions. Subsequent tensile loads but can also result from changes in the nature and number of Conductor ropes or from a readjustment of the conductors or a Span change. Also the retrofitting of antennas and / or stages and the like. Can cause additional tensile forces. In extreme weather conditions, especially at high wind speeds are the high voltage pylons also considerably stressed on train. Should the Tensile stress becomes too high, so can steel grid components, especially the corner handles of high voltage pylons fail. Such Failure can especially occur on embrittled steel lattice masts. In In the past, many high voltage pylons were made of low alloy Structural steel manufactured, which was manufactured according to the Thomas process. at This process was used to clean the steel air in the melt blown in and therefore especially in unkilled steels a high nitrogen enrichment done. Increased nitrogen enrichment can but after a cold deformation and longer periods to embrittlement lead the material. At high tensile load or higher Tensile stress can occur on embrittled steel mesh components, in particular embrittled corner posts from high voltage pylons to brittle fractures come. To the load-bearing safety of pylons again So far, special reinforcing elements have been produced on the corner stems screwed. These reinforcing elements are usually as angle profiles formed with the corresponding angle profile of the corner stem were bolted form-fitting. It required a lot of To attach connecting straps between the two angle profiles, so that elaborate holes were necessary for the screw connections.

From US-A 346 466 is a process for the production of steel mesh construction manufactured masts with four corner stems and a foundation known. The Masts can be used for a variety of purposes, such as Signal masts. The mast should be stable, provide low wind resistance and easy to build and be degradable again. A longitudinal direction the mast extending tie rod is fixed to the mast, the one End of the drawbar on a corner post and the other end of the drawbar on Foundation is fixed. The pull rod is put under pretension.

The invention is based on the technical problem of a method of to specify the type mentioned above, with the high voltage pylons on simple and effective way can be rehabilitated so that a high Wear safety is ensured and high tensile stresses can be easily recorded.

To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a method for the rehabilitation of steel pylon constructed high voltage pylons with four corner posts and a foundation,
wherein at least one extending in the longitudinal direction of the high-voltage mast drawbar is fixed to the high-voltage mast, wherein the drawbar is mounted extending along a corner stem, so that the tie rod follows the course of the associated corner stem,
wherein the upper end of the drawbar is attached to a corner post and the lower end of the drawbar is fixed to the foundation,
and wherein the pull rod is biased. - The foundation of a high-voltage mast is expediently designed as a concrete foundation. The arranged at the four corners of the high-voltage mast four corner posts are preferably cast in concrete in the foundation.

The rehabilitation of a high-voltage mast is done so by later a drawbar or tie rods attached to the high voltage mast and be put under pretension. That a drawbar in Longitudinal direction of the mast extends, means in the context of Invention that the drawbar at least over part of the height of High voltage mast extends. The pull rod can be vertical or in Be arranged substantially vertically. That a drawbar is set under bias, means in the invention that the Drawbar is biased to train. In other words, the drawbar So set under tensile prestress. According to a very preferred embodiment The invention can the pretension or tensile prestress subsequently be changed or corrected. For this purpose is expediently a corresponding biasing device provided on a pull rod. Drawbar in the context of the invention primarily means a rigid rod, which expediently consists of metal or steel. Basically it is but also in the context of the invention to use a pull rope as a pull rod. Drawbar means within the scope of the invention, therefore, a pull rope. Is preferred however, the use of a rigid drawbar.

The drawbar may be parallel or substantially parallel to be arranged the corner handle. Apart from the attachment points of the Pull rod to the corner handle keeps the pull rod expediently always a distance to the corner handle. The attachment of the upper end of the Tie rod to the corner handle can be done via a screw or but also via a welded connection.

After a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the along a corner post extending tie rod by means of at least one biasing device anchored in the foundation and is the drawbar with the Biasing device set under pretension. It lies within the framework of Invention that the biasing device is anchored in the foundation and to the biasing device, the pull rod is connected to the Biasing device can be placed under bias. Conveniently, a force-controlled variable bias is set up subsequently correctable or controllable. The force control is doing preferably by means of a hollow piston press using clamping anchors or tension strands made.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one is taken along a Corner stem extending pull rod mastaußenseitig arranged. With others Words, the pull rod is then at the side remote from the mast center side led the corner handle. It is also within the scope of the invention that a along a corner stem extending tie rod mastinnenseitig is arranged. Then the drawbar is facing at the center of the mast Side of the corner handle out.

According to a further embodiment of the invention are two adjacent Corner stems of the high voltage mast over two diagonally running and crossing drawbars connected together. There is one Drawbar with its upper end connected to the corner handle and with its lower end connected to the other corner post.

After further training is at two adjacent Corner stems each have a diagonal drawbar with its upper end connected, with the two diagonal drawbars themselves intersect and taking each tie rod with its lower end on the foundation is attached. Such a diagonal drawbar is so with her attached to a corner stalk at the top end and with its lower end on Foundation fixed. - The invention is based on the finding that two crossing diagonal drawbars both a strain relief the corner handles as well as a strain relief of already existing Effect diagonal grid components.

According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention Tie rods used, which are each divided into two Zugstangenteile, where the two tie-rod parts are connected via a pretensioning device, with which biasing device the pull rod under bias becomes. Conveniently, the two Zugstangenteile a pull rod at least one end each threaded and become the two tie rod parts fixed with this thread on the pretensioner. Preferably, the biasing device is a Turnbuckle and expediently, the two drawbar parts each have a left-hand thread or right-hand thread, so that the tie-rod parts or the drawbar with the turnbuckle under pretension or Tension pretension can be set. The arrangement of a pretensioner between the tie rod parts of a tie rod is preferably provided at the diagonally extending tie rods. Basically Such a biasing device but also in a along a Eckstieles extending drawbar be provided.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention are in Cross-section round tie rods used. The diameter of these tie rods can be 30 to 80 mm. According to another embodiment of the Invention be used in cross-section angular tie rods. at these latter tie rods are thus angle steels.

The invention is based on the finding that in the realization of the teachings according to the invention an effective increase in the safety of High voltage pylons is possible. According to the invention is very simple and less expensive way to effectively relieve the high voltage pylons reached with respect to tensile loads or tensile stresses. It should be emphasized that the remediation measures according to the invention at any time later on already existing high voltage pylons can be easily done. It is an optimal device or setting a high-voltage mast to the particular circumstances or to expected tensile loads possible by the bias voltage is set precisely. Furthermore, a subsequent correction of the Preload easily possible. In the realization of the The teaching of the invention may be based on the complex from the state of Technique known remedial measures are completely dispensed with.

Fig. 1 eine Ansicht eines nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sanierten Hochspannungsmastes,

Fig. 2 den Ausschnitt A aus der Fig. 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab,

Fig. 3 den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1 in einer anderen Ausführungsform,

Fig. 4 den Ausschnitt B aus der Fig. 3 in vergrößertem Maßstab,

Fig. 5 den Gegenstand gemäß Fig. 4 in einer anderen Ausführungsform,

Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Weiterbildung des unteren Teils eines erfindungsgemäß sanierten Hochspannungsmastes,

Fig. 7 den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In a schematic representation:

1 is a view of a refurbished by the process according to the invention high-voltage mast,

2 shows the detail A of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale,

3 shows the object according to FIG. 1 in another embodiment, FIG.

4 shows the detail B of FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale,

5 shows the article according to FIG. 4 in another embodiment, FIG.

6 is a perspective view of a development of the lower part of a refurbished high-voltage mast according to the invention,

Fig. 7 shows the object according to Fig. 1 in a further embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows a rehabilitated with the method according to the invention high-voltage mast in steel lattice construction, the four corner handles 1 and a foundation 2 has. In the embodiment of Fig. 1 is a longitudinal direction the high voltage mast extending tie rod 3 on the high voltage mast fixed. In this case, the drawbar 3 extends along a corner stem 1 and the upper end 4 of the drawbar 3 is attached to the corner post 1. The lower end 5 of the drawbar 3, however, is fixed to the foundation 2. In the Embodiment of FIG. 1 is the extending along the corner stem 1 Pull rod 3 mastaußenseitig arranged. That is, the drawbar 3 at the mast center M facing away from the corner handle 1 is arranged. Preferably, and in the embodiment, the pull rod 3 follows the course the associated Eckstieles 1 and is always parallel to this Eckstiel. 1 arranged. Appropriately, the pull rod 3 is at a distance from the Corner stem 1 out.

The attachment of the upper end 4 of the drawbar 3 to the corner handle 1 takes place for example via a suitable screw connection or by welding. - Preferably and in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is along the Eckstieles 1 extending tie rod 3 via a biasing device 6 in the Foundation 2 anchored. According to the drawbar 3 is under Bias or tension bias set, in the embodiment According to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 with the anchored in the foundation 2 biasing device 6. Fig. 2 shows the biasing device 6 in detail. First is recognizable that the parallel to the corner handle 1 guided drawbar 3 as angle steel is formed and thus executed in cross-section angular. The Biasing device 6 consists in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of two Anchor biasing elements 7, which on both sides of the pull rod. 3 are arranged and anchored respectively in the foundation 2 or in the Foundation 2 are embedded in concrete. The anchor biasing elements 7 are respectively connected via a connecting element 8 with the drawbar 3, which Connecting elements 8 suitably welded to the pull rod 3 are. An anchor biasing element 7 consists of a tie rod 9, a Clamping nut 10, a biasing press 11, a press chair 12, a Counter nut 13 and a Spannankerfuß 14. By pressing the Clamping nuts 10, the bias can be adjusted or can Pull rod 3 are set under tension. Incidentally, each time If necessary, a correction or readjustment of the bias of Pull rod 3 possible.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of a refurbished according to the invention Pylon. Again, a pull rod 3 has been mounted so that it extends along a corner stem 1. The upper end 4 of Pull rod 3 is also attached to the corner handle 1 and this embodiment the lower end 5 of the drawbar 3 is fixed to the foundation 2. However, it is at this embodiment extending along the corner stem 1 Drawbar 3 mastinnenseitig arranged. In other words, it runs Pull rod 3 on the side of the corner handle 1, which faces the center of the mast M. Also in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the pull rod 3 by means of a Biasing device 6 anchored in the foundation 2. As pretensioner 6 here is a hydraulic press used in the enlarged section of Fig. 3 is shown schematically. At this hydraulic press is the Tension rod 3 connected and the drawbar 3 can with the hydraulic press be set under pretension or tensile prestress. Here is one too Subsequent correction or readjustment of the preload to simple Way possible.

Fig. 4 shows a way of connecting the upper end 4 of the drawbar 3 with the corner handle 1. The upper end 4 is here in a threaded bushing 15th screwed, which threaded bushing 15 in turn to the corner handle. 1 screwed on. The threaded bushing 15 is designed so that the drawbar 3 is aligned with a certain distance from the corner handle 1. In Fig. 3 By 5, the drawbar 3 has otherwise a circular cross-section. - Fig. 5 shows a further possibility of connecting the upper end 4 of the drawbar 3 with the corner handle 1. Here was the upper end 4 with an angle section 16th welded, which angle profile 16 in turn screwed to the corner handle 1 becomes. The angle section 16 is designed so that the drawbar 3 a adheres to certain distance from the corner stick 1.

Fig. 6 shows the result of another embodiment of the inventive method. Here are two adjacent corner handles 1 over two diagonally extending and intersecting tie rods 3 together connected. In the embodiment of FIG. 6, both the upper ends of the fourth the tie rods 3 and the lower ends 5 of the tie rod 3 with the Corner stem 1 connected, for example screwed or welded. There are the upper ends 4 and the lower ends 5 each at the same height to the Corner handles 1 connected. It is also within the scope of the invention that the lower ends 5 of the diagonally extending tie rods 3 on the Foundation 2 are fixed.

Preferably, and in the embodiment of FIG. 6, further tie rods 3 each divided into two tie rod parts 17, 18. The two tie rod parts 17 and 18 are connected via a biasing device 6, with which biasing means 6, the pull rod 3 under bias or Tension pretension can be set. The biasing device 6 is included preferably in the middle third of the drawbar 3, based on the entire length the drawbar 3, arranged. Conveniently, the biasing device 6 formed in Fig. 6 as a turnbuckle. Preferably, each tie rod part 17, 18 a of the biasing device 6 associated thread on. Conveniently, a tie rod part 17 with a left-hand thread 19 equipped and serving as the biasing device 6 turnbuckle screwed. In contrast, the tie rod part 18 has a right-hand thread 20, which is also screwed into the turnbuckle. With the Turnbuckle can thus easily the drawbar 3 under Tension preload can be set. The division of the drawbar 3 in Tie rod parts 17, 18 may (although this is not shown in the figures) be realized in a pull rod 3, which extends along a Corner stem 1 extends. Again, the two Zugstangenteile 17, 18 so be formed, as has been explained to the Fig. 6 and can this two tie rod parts 17, 18 via a biasing device 6 serving Be connected turnbuckle.

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment in which a relatively high-voltage mast has superimposed sections, each with another diagonal running and crossing tie rods 3 are equipped. Which crossing tie rods 3 are thus here as a truss above each other arranged.

Claims (8)

1. A method for renovating pylons in the form of lattice steel towers with four corner posts (1) and a foundation (2),
   wherein at least one tension rod (3) is fixed on the pylon such that it extends in the longitudinal direction thereof,
   wherein the tension rod (3) is installed such that it extends along one corner post (1) and follows the progression of the assigned corner post (1),
   wherein the upper end (4) of the tension rod (3) is fixed on the corner post (1) and the lower end (5) of the tension rod (3) is fixed on the foundation (2),
   and wherein the tension rod (3) is prestressed.
2. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the tension rod (3) extending along the corner post (1) is anchored in the foundation (2) by means of at least one prestressing device (6), and wherein the tension rod (3) is prestressed with the aid of the prestressing device (6).
3. The method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the tension rod (3) extending along the corner post (1) is arranged on the outside of the pylon.
4. The method according to one of Claims 1-3, wherein two adjacent corner posts (1) are connected to one another by means of two diagonally extending and intersecting tension rods (3).
5. The method according to one of Claims 1-4, wherein diagonally extending tension rods (3) are respectively connected to two adjacent corner posts (1) with their upper end (4), wherein the two diagonally extending tension rods (3) intersect, and wherein each tension rod (3) is fixed on the foundation (2) with its lower end (5).
6. The method according to one of Claims 1-5, wherein at least one tension rod (3) used is divided into two tension rod sections (17, 18), wherein the two tension rod sections (17, 18) are connected by means of a prestressing device (6), and wherein the tension rod is prestressed with the aid of the prestressing device (6).
7. The method according to one of Claims 1-6, wherein tension rods with a round cross section are used.
8. The method according to one of Claims 1-7, wherein tension rods (3) with an angular cross section are used.

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