Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
  • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
  • H04W72/563—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the wireless resources
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
  • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
  • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
  • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
  • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
  • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

• the present invention relates in general to a wireless communications network, and in particular to frequency allocation on a wireless communications network. Still more particularly, the present invention relates to a method for managing frequency allocation on a CDMA cellular communications network to provide capacity on demand.
• a typical code-division multiple access (CDMA) cellular communications network provides wireless communication service over a defined service area.
• a CDMA network may utilize a single frequency carrier to provide service to the mobile units in the service area.
• Multi-carrier networks utilize several different frequency ranges in the available frequency spectrum for cellular communication. Thus, a first frequency range is utilized for a first carrier, a second frequency range is utilized for a second carrier, and so on.
• Each carrier frequency has an associated capacity, which limits the total amount of traffic (i.e., the load) allowed on that carrier.
• multi-carrier deployments provide a practical way to handle increased traffic.
• traffic distribution among multi-carrier frequencies has proven to be a big hurdle for CDMA networks.
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• IS-95A or IS-95B provide hashing and GSR (Global Service Redirection), which can only distribute idle traffic among carriers in a projected percentage.
• GSR Global Service Redirection
• MCTA multi-carrier traffic allocation
• the MCTA algorithm allocates traffic between all carriers available in a sector of a CDMA cell.
• MCTA provides the extra call processing needed for high traffic cell sites by allowing the base station transceiver subsystem (BSTS) operating with different carrier frequencies.
• BSTS base station transceiver subsystem
• MCTA selects which carrier frequency will service the call.
• MCTA multi-carrier frequency service area
• a CDMA mobile unit is theoretically able to remain on one of the two carrier frequencies while the mobile unit is being moved within the service area.
• the second carrier frequency is intended for handling heavy traffic areas, the mobile unit has to switch its channel frequency while being moved across certain designated boundaries.
• MCTA determines allocation of traffic based on the loading conditions of the multiple carrier frequencies. MCTA provides trunking efficiency by pooling carriers. But, MCTA does efficiently support capacity on demand.
• the present invention recognizes that it would be desirable to provide capacity-on-demand within a CDMA cellular communications network to reduce network congestion.
• a multi-carrier CDMA network that provides flexibility to the service manager to define when to utilize the capacity-on- demand carrier would also be a welcomed improvement.
• the network comprises a base station having a capacity-on-demand algorithm for providing additional capacity via a capacity-on-demand carrier when additional capacity is required.
• a base station performs carrier frequency allocation with a capacity-on-demand algorithm (CODA).
• CODA capacity-on-demand algorithm
• the CODA receives as input a value for each of three network parameters that may be selected by a network manager.
• the parameters are frequency priority, capacity threshold, and carrier blocking threshold.
• FIG. 1 is an example CDMA communications network in which the invention may be implemented
• Figure 2 illustrates a multi-carrier frequency model of a CDMA communications network in which the invention may be implemented
• FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a processing system utilized to carry out various functions of the invention in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 4 illustrates a flow chart of the major processes involved in selecting a carrier frequency in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention.
• CDMA network 30 includes a plurality of cells 12.
• a representative cell 58 of CDMA network represents a fan-out area for propagation of signals from base station antenna affiliated with base station 35.
• CDMA network 30 comprises a plurality of base stations 35 and affiliated base station antennae 38.
• Base station 35 in representative celi 58 also has an affiliated base station controller (BSC) 36, which manages the communication processes of base station 35.
• BSC base station controller
• Figure 2 illustrates multiple carrier frequency distribution of a sectored cell representation of a CDMA network, such as CDMA network 30 of Figure
• Two carrier frequencies, f ⁇ and f 2 are utilized in the illustrative example.
• the first carrier frequency, f ls is utilized throughout an entire coverage area 10, and the second carrier frequency, f , is utilized to cover only a small number of cells within a heavy traffic region 11 (illustrated as a shaded area in Figure 2) of coverage area 10.
• MCTA portion of CDMA network 30 covers a service area 12, which is a geographically defined area.
• Service area 12 comprises sectored cells, similar to the cells of Figure 1, but which include two carrier frequencies.
• the carrier frequencies at which communication messages propagate within service area 101 are typically set (i.e., enabled at base station controller 36) during an initial set-up of CDMA network 30.
• Base station 35 (or typically base station controller 36) includes a data processing system or processor (e.g., router, switch and/or switching center) by which frequency allocation and other communication features (such as billing) of CDMA network 30 are controlled/managed.
• a data processing system or processor e.g., router, switch and/or switching center
• FIG. 3 An exemplary configuration of a data processing system of base station controller 36, which may be advantageously utilized to complete the processes of the invention is illustrated in Figure 3.
• Data processing system 301 comprises a processor 303 that controls (i.e., executes) the operations provided in the present invention.
• processor 303 Coupled to processor 303 are memory 305, non-volatile storage 307, and input/output (I/O) devices 309.
• BSTS base station transceiver subsystem
• BSTS carrier frequency controller
• the present invention may be implemented as a software-based control mechanism to implement a capacity-on-demand (or standby) carrier overlay on top of existing in-service carriers of a CDMA multi-carrier network.
• the invention is capable of dynamically monitoring the traffic loading conditions on multiple carriers and direct traffic to a specific carrier as determined by user entered parameters. More importantly, the invention provides a capacity-on- demand algorithm by which traffic is allocated to the capacity-on-demand carrier only when the existing configured carriers are fully utilized.
• the traffic carried by the capacity-on-demand carrier may provide a revenue generator for the owner of the base station.
• the invention provides the capacity on demand functionality utilizing a Capacity-On-Demand Algorithm (CODA). CODA is preferably placed in non- volatile storage 307 of data processing system 301.
• CODA Capacity-On-Demand Algorithm
• CODA utilizes three (3) control parameters as inputs for carrier frequency selection processes.
• the three control parameters are (1) frequency priority, (2) capacity threshold, and (3) carrier blocking threshold.
• Each parameter is assigned a value, which is preferably selected by a BSS manager and inputted into CODA via I/O device 309 of data processing system 301.
• the frequency priority parameter which prioritizes the available frequencies, controls the order of in which the carrier frequencies are assigned by CODA.
• the capacity threshold parameter determines the loading condition at the particular frequency (i.e., maximum traffic supported by the carrier frequency).
• the carrier blocking threshold provides a predetermined blocking level at which a carrier is blocked from receiving additional traffic.
• FIG 4 there is illustrated a flow chart of the process by which the invention is implemented.
• the control parameters that serve as input for CODA are entered at the base station 35 (or base station controller 36) by a BSS manager.
• the traffic allocations among the multiple carrier frequencies are completed following the sequence of steps below.
• the process begins at block 401 and thereafter proceeds to block 403 which illustrates monitoring carriers that are blossomed (i.e., carriers of a base station that is powered up and fully operational).
• the preferred frequency for allocation is determined at block 405 by checking frequency priority values previously entered by the BSS manager.
• the capacity estimates of the frequency with highest priority e.g., fl
• Tables I and II tabulate values for carrier frequency parameters in a standard MCTA network and a MCTA CODA network, respectively.
• Table I provides a first sequential loading model with two frequencies (fl, f2), a second sequential loading model with three frequencies (fl,f2,£3), and an even loading model with the same three frequencies. None of these three models support capacity on demand.
• MCTA is designed to support two types of loading (1) even loading on all carriers and (2) sequential loading of carriers. With even loading, traffic is distributed across all carriers equally. Even loading offers trunking efficiency by pooling carriers and provides better coverage balance on overlaid multi-carriers. Sequential loading involves filling up the first carrier, then the second carrier, and so on. Sequential loading has the disadvantage of trunking inefficiency. Furthermore, MCTA sequential loading cannot be utilized to provide capacity on demand at desired levels because of the lack of good control of traffic distribution, for example, precise blocking statistics need to be used for configuration of the carriers.
• Table II illustrates a frequency model in which a capacity-on-demand carrier frequency is provided.
• an enhanced first sequential loading model provides two carriers, the second of which, f2, is a capacity on demand carrier (i.e., provides capacity on demand functionality with CODA).
• Both the enhanced second sequential loading model and enhanced even loading model include three carriers, the third of which, f3, is designated as a capacity on demand carrier.
• Each model of Table II also includes an additional parameter, the carrier blocking threshold, utilized in CODA's frequency allocation scheme. Note that the threshold of the capacity on demand carrier is set to 0 and that the priority values of that carrier is lower than the values of that other carriers.
• the invention is dynamically implemented and is utilized to provide capacity on demand services only when the existing carriers are fully utilized.
• the capacity on demand carrier is designed to share the same base station controller 36 with the regular carriers.
• the traffic carried by the capacity on demand carrier may provide a revenue generator based on established billing scheme. For example, in addition to the standard charge for utilization of the other carrier frequencies, the owner of the base station may charge a service fee for utilization of the capacity-on-demand carrier frequency.
• the invention offers a product edge over regular MTCA CDMA networks.
• the utilization of CODA preferably includes unique deployment characteristics.
• no idle traffic is placed on the capacity-on-demand carrier, and the capacity-on-demand carrier preferably does not have continuous coverage due to economic factors.
• a BSS manager may determine when to support capacity on demand and thus implement a manager-desired way of traffic loading.
• the invention thus provides flexible control of traffic distribution among multiple carrier frequencies of a given BTS site.
• the invention supports even loading for regular carriers to distribute traffic across all regular carriers equally and to offer trunking efficiency by pooling regular carriers. Also the invention operates to give better coverage balance on overlaid regular multi-carriers.
• the invention further supports sequential loading between regular carrier(s) and a capacity on demand carrier. Thus, with the invention, regular carriers are filled up first then the capacity on demand carrier is utilized solely to provide capacity on demand.

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• 2001
  • 2001-10-24 WO PCT/US2001/050477 patent/WO2002069665A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2001-10-24 EP EP01271073A patent/EP1334635A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2001-10-24 AU AU2002255464A patent/AU2002255464A1/en not_active Abandoned

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