EP1324831B1 - Method for operating an electrostatic filter - Google Patents
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- EP1324831B1 EP1324831B1 EP01986624A EP01986624A EP1324831B1 EP 1324831 B1 EP1324831 B1 EP 1324831B1 EP 01986624 A EP01986624 A EP 01986624A EP 01986624 A EP01986624 A EP 01986624A EP 1324831 B1 EP1324831 B1 EP 1324831B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
- B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an electrostatic precipitator.
- Electrostatic precipitators find in the most diverse technical processes for dedusting of gases use. This is a Package of deposition electrodes arranged in the gas stream. Between These deposition electrodes are preferably wire-shaped Inserted between the electrodes in each case parallel connected spray electrodes on the one hand and the precipitating electrodes on the other hand, a high DC voltage in the order of about 50 kV applied becomes. As a result, the gas molecules are ionized and give then their charge to the dust particles contained in the gas stream which are negatively charged and thereby to the positively charged part of the electrodes are pulled. There They can be made by vibration or by stripping devices be dissolved and then fall down in a dust collector.
- DE 42 22 069 A1 discloses a method for operating a Electrostatic precipitator and an electrostatic filter to carry out the Procedure described.
- a desired spark gap which is another electrical High voltage field builds up.
- the desired spark gap is operated in an area that is dust-free, but otherwise all major operating parameters of the media stream subject. This should on the one hand smoldering fires within of the electrostatic precipitator are avoided, on the other hand should thereby always the operating voltage of the electrostatic precipitator be kept as close to the rollover limit.
- US-A-4 432 061 discloses a method of operating electrostatic precipitators. wherein each electrostatic precipitator is associated with a microcomputer system which coupled with a main computer. This optimizes strategies for the whole arrangement to achieve optimal efficiency.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a method to create an electrostatic precipitator on easy way to safely adhere to the limits for the Ensures particle emission.
- the real electrostatic precipitator becomes a filter model transformed, the at least one input zone, at least a central zone and at least one exit zone, wherein each of the at least three model zones a predefinable Characteristic is assigned.
- this characteristic is the energy supply for a predetermined number of these Model zones depending on the set point of the particle emission regulated.
- Modeling results in a simplification of the algorithms and a shortening of the optimization period for the relevant electrostatic precipitator.
- the filter model 2 comprises in the illustrated Embodiment an entrance zone 2a, a Center zone 2b and an exit zone 2c.
- the entrance zone 2a which contains the steps 1a and 1b of the real filter correspond, has a high, inhomogeneous dust concentration in the exhaust. Charging as many particles as possible Affects the effectiveness of the middle zone 2b and the exit zone 2c.
- the middle zone 2b consisting of the stages 1c and 1d of the real Filter 1 is formed, has a significantly lower dust concentration (about 1/20). In the middle zone 2b can In rare cases, a re-spraying occur. Under re-spray one understands the end of the linear voltage rise despite increasing the current.
- the choice of operating mode for the inverse transformation of the filter model 2 in the real filter 1 depends on the calculated Strength of re-spraying in the corresponding model zones from.
- the gradients of the emission (or opacity) over the partial electrical power educated This requires the electric power in all Zones one after the other at the current operating point slightly be varied.
- the gradients of the three model zones are one Measure of the influence of a model zone when changing the electrical Power on the particle emission.
- the Power setpoints of model zones 2a, 2b and 2c optimized so that all three gradients are the same size and the desired Emission value is reached exactly. At this operating point becomes the electrostatic filter with the minimum possible Power operated at the prescribed or desired Emission value is just reached.
- fuzzy logic For a specific search of the optimal operating point has become proven the use of fuzzy logic.
- Another advantage of using fuzzy logic is the simple realizability of unbalanced controllers Change the membership functions of a signal. An increase Emissions require a fast, strong reaction the system because of the risk of exceeding the limit value, whereas significantly reducing electrical power more time is available. By the use of Fuzzy logic thus increases the reliability.
- the actual values are the mean value of the particle emission also uses the peak values and the instantaneous values.
- the Viewing the current values allows a quick response on rising values due to unpredictable Process changes (eg sootblowing). Monitoring the maxima prevents unwanted or unauthorized emission peaks even with periodic or recurring events (eg plate knocking).
- the High voltage power supplies of the electrostatic filter crosslinked wherein an optical Profibus 5 was selected as the transmission system.
- an optical Profibus 5 was selected as the transmission system.
- the energy management runs on a personal computer 6, which is shown in the Exemplary embodiment under the operating system Windows NT® is operated.
- an automation system eg. Eg Simatic® S7.
- the individual high voltage supplies contain a set of parameters that activates upon loss of data communication becomes.
- B. Operation with nominal current deposited become. If the emission values are exceeded by a predefinable Value becomes one for all high voltage supplies Current increase causes, regardless of the ongoing optimization. In a second stage can be at a further increasing Particle emission in all high voltage power supplies of the Rated current can be activated.
- the user-friendly user interface of FIG Recognize the software used in the personal computer 6.
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektrofilters.The invention relates to a method for operating an electrostatic precipitator.
Elektrofilter finden in den vielfältigsten technischen Prozessen zur Entstaubung von Gasen Verwendung. Hierbei wird ein Paket von Abscheideelektroden im Gasstrom angeordnet. Zwischen diesen Abscheideelektroden werden vorzugsweise drahtförmige Sprühelektroden eingefügt, wobei zwischen den elektrisch jeweils parallel geschalteten Sprühelektroden einerseits und den Abscheideelektroden andererseits eine hohe Gleichspannung in der Größenordnung von etwa 50 KV angelegt wird. Hierdurch werden die Gasmoleküle ionisiert und geben sodann ihre Ladung an die im Gasstrom enthaltenen Staubpartikel ab, welche negativ aufgeladen werden und dadurch zu dem positiv geladenen Teil der Elektroden gezogen werden. Dort können sie durch Vibration oder durch Abstreifeinrichtungen gelöst werden und fallen sodann nach unten in eine Staubsammelvorrichtung.Electrostatic precipitators find in the most diverse technical processes for dedusting of gases use. This is a Package of deposition electrodes arranged in the gas stream. Between These deposition electrodes are preferably wire-shaped Inserted between the electrodes in each case parallel connected spray electrodes on the one hand and the precipitating electrodes on the other hand, a high DC voltage in the order of about 50 kV applied becomes. As a result, the gas molecules are ionized and give then their charge to the dust particles contained in the gas stream which are negatively charged and thereby to the positively charged part of the electrodes are pulled. There They can be made by vibration or by stripping devices be dissolved and then fall down in a dust collector.
Mit diesem Prinzip lassen sich die unterschiedlichsten Partikel aus den verschiedensten Gasströmen abscheiden, woraus allerdings je nach Einsatzfall stark schwankende Betriebsparameter für das Elektrofilter resultieren. Durch Feuerung unterschiedlicher Kohlesorten entstehen beispielsweise unterschiedliche Partikelmengen und Abgaseigenschaften in den Elektrofiltern. So wird z. B. zum Erreichen des geforderten Reingasstaubgehalts bei Kohlen mit niederohmigen Aschebestandteilen und hohen Aschegehalten erheblich höhere Energie im Elektrofilter benötigt als bei Kohlen mit geringem Ascheanteil.With this principle, the most diverse particles can be from the various gas streams, but from what depending on the application, highly fluctuating operating parameters result for the electrostatic precipitator. By firing different Coal types, for example, are different Particle quantities and exhaust gas properties in the electrostatic precipitators. So z. B. to achieve the required Clean dust content in coals with low-resistance ash constituents and high ash levels significantly higher energy needed in the electrostatic precipitator than in low-ash coals.
Bei den bisher bekannten Elektrofiltern ist eine sichere Einhaltung der Grenzwerte für die Partikelemission nur bei voller Leistung der Hochspannungsversorgung sichergestellt, der zu einem entsprechend hohen Energieverbrauch führt.In the previously known electrostatic filters is a safe compliance the limit values for the particle emission only at full Power of the high voltage supply ensured, the leads to a correspondingly high energy consumption.
Die bisher auch vorgenommene manuelle Einstellung der Geräte erfordert einen hohen Aufwand an geschultem Bedienpersonal. Auch eine an sich mögliche Überdimensionierung des Elektrofilters ist wegen der hiermit verbundenen nicht unbeträchtlichen Verteuerung des betreffenden industriellen Verfahrens nur begrenzt möglich. Die Feuerung nur bestimmter Kohlesorten führt dazu, dass Marktentwicklungen nicht voll ausgenutzt werden können.The hitherto also made manual adjustment of the devices requires a high amount of trained operators. Also an inherently possible oversizing of the electrostatic precipitator is not inconsiderable because of the associated Increased cost of the relevant industrial process only limited possible. The firing of only certain types of coal leads to market developments not fully exploited can be.
In der DE 42 22 069 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektrofilters sowie ein Elektrofilter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens beschrieben. Im bekannten Fall wird außerhalb der aktiven Abscheidezone des Elektrofilters, also entfernt von dem diese Abscheidezone bildenden elektrischen Hochspannungsfeld, eine Soll-Funkenstrecke betrieben, die ein weiteres elektrisches Hochspannungsfeld aufbaut. Die Soll-Funkenstrecke wird in einem Bereich betrieben, der staubfrei ist, aber ansonsten allen wesentlichen Betriebsparametern des Medienstroms unterliegt. Dadurch sollen einerseits Glimmbrände innerhalb des Elektrofilters vermieden werden, andererseits soll dadurch die Betriebsspannung des Elektrofilters immer möglichst nahe der Überschlagsgrenze gehalten werden.In DE 42 22 069 A1 discloses a method for operating a Electrostatic precipitator and an electrostatic filter to carry out the Procedure described. In the known case, outside the active separation zone of the electrostatic precipitator, so away from the high-voltage electric field forming this separation zone, operated a desired spark gap, which is another electrical High voltage field builds up. The desired spark gap is operated in an area that is dust-free, but otherwise all major operating parameters of the media stream subject. This should on the one hand smoldering fires within of the electrostatic precipitator are avoided, on the other hand should thereby always the operating voltage of the electrostatic precipitator be kept as close to the rollover limit.
Weiterhin ist in der DE 41 40 228 A1 ein Verfahren zur Entstaubung
von Rauchgasen beschrieben. Bei diesem Verfahren
wird ein Vergleich einer Soll-Istwertdifferenz mit im Voraus
experimentell ermittelten Prozessparametern durchgeführt. Die
experimentelle Ermittlung der Prozessparameter erfolgt hierbei
in einem hinsichtlich Entstaubungsgrad und Wirkungsgrad
optimalen Prozess. Durch das bekannte Verfahren soll ein möglichst
effizienter Betrieb der Elektrofilter im ökologischen
wie auch im ökonomischen Sinne erreicht werden.Furthermore, in
Aus US-A-4 432 061 ist ein Verfahren zum Betrieb von Elektrofiltern bekannt, wobei jedes Elektrofilter mit einem Microcomputersystem assoziert ist, welches mit einem Haupt computer gekoppelt ist. Dieser optimiert Strategien für die ganze Anordnung um eine optimale Effizienz zu erzielen. US-A-4 432 061 discloses a method of operating electrostatic precipitators. wherein each electrostatic precipitator is associated with a microcomputer system which coupled with a main computer. This optimizes strategies for the whole arrangement to achieve optimal efficiency.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektrofilters zu schaffen, das auf einfache Weise eine sichere Einhaltung der Grenzwerte für die Partikelemission gewährleistet.The object of the present invention is therefore a method to create an electrostatic precipitator on easy way to safely adhere to the limits for the Ensures particle emission.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch
1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen
Verfahren sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved by a method according to
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektrofilters wird das reale Elektrofilter auf ein Filtermodell transformiert, das wenigstens eine Eingangszone, wenigstens eine Mittelzone und wenigstens eine Ausgangszone umfasst, wobei jeder der mindestens drei Modellzonen eine vorgebbare Charakteristik zugeordnet wird. Entsprechend dieser Charakteristik wird die Energiezufuhr für eine vorgebbare Anzahl dieser Modellzonen in Abhängigkeit vom Sollwert der Partikelemission geregelt.In the inventive method for operating an electrostatic precipitator the real electrostatic precipitator becomes a filter model transformed, the at least one input zone, at least a central zone and at least one exit zone, wherein each of the at least three model zones a predefinable Characteristic is assigned. According to this characteristic is the energy supply for a predetermined number of these Model zones depending on the set point of the particle emission regulated.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden Spitzenwerte, wie
sie häufig bei der Plattenklopfung auftreten, begrenzt, so
dass die sichere Einhaltung der vorgegebenen Grenzwerte gewährleistet
ist. Durch die Transformation des realen Elektrofilters
auf ein Filtermodell, welches wenigstens eine Eingangszone,
wenigstens eine Mittelzone und wenigstens eine
Ausgangszone umfasst, ist das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 auf
beliebige Anordnungen von Elektrofiltern anwendbar. Jede der
drei Modellzonen wird hierbei eine bestimmte Charakteristik
zugeordnet. Entsprechend dieser Charakteristik wird die Energiezufuhr
für eine vorgebbaren Anzahl dieser Modellzonen in
Abhängigkeit vom Sollwert der Partikelemission geregelt.In the method according to the invention are peak values, such
they often occur in plate tapping, so limited
that ensures the safe compliance with the specified limits
is. Through the transformation of the real electrostatic filter
to a filter model which has at least one entrance zone,
at least one middle zone and at least one
Exit zone comprises, the method of
Durch die Modellbildung erhält man eine Vereinfachung der Algorithmen und eine Verkürzung der Optimierungsdauer für das betreffende Elektrofilter. Modeling results in a simplification of the algorithms and a shortening of the optimization period for the relevant electrostatic precipitator.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- FIG 1
- ein Diagramm der Partikelemission über den dem Elekt- rofilter zugeführten elektrischen Strom,
- FIG 2
- eine graphische Darstellung der Transformation eines realen mehrstufigen Elektrofilters auf ein Filtermo- dell,
- FIG 3
- ein Beispiel für eine Vernetzung von Hochspannungsge- räten eines Elektrofilters,
- FIG 4
- eine Regelung der Partikelemission und der Filter- ströme,
- FIG 5
- eine Bedienoberfläche bei einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
- FIG. 1
- a diagram of the particle emission over the electric current supplied to the electric filter,
- FIG. 2
- a graphic representation of the transformation of a real multistage electrostatic filter to a filter model,
- FIG. 3
- an example of networking of high-voltage devices of an electrostatic precipitator,
- FIG. 4
- a regulation of the particle emission and the filter flows,
- FIG. 5
- a user interface in one embodiment of the method according to the invention.
FIG 1 zeigt in einem Diagramm den prinzipiellen Verlauf der Staubpartikelemission in Abhängigkeit von der Stromstärke, die einem Elektrofilter zugeführt wird. Durch Änderung im Produktionsprozess können sich die Abgaseigenschaften ändern, so dass sich die im Beispiel gezeigte Kurve quantitativ ändert.1 shows a diagram of the basic course of Dust particle emission as a function of the current intensity, which is fed to an electrostatic precipitator. By change in the Production process can change the exhaust gas properties, so that the curve shown in the example changes quantitatively.
In FIG 2 ist mit 1 ein sechsstufiges reales Elektrofilter bezeichnet,
das erfindungsgemäß auf ein Filtermodell 2 transformiert
wird. Die Transformation ist in FIG 2 durch einen
Doppelpfeil symbolisiert. Das Filtermodell 2 umfasst im dargestellten
Ausführungsbeispiel eine Eingangszone 2a, eine
Mittelzone 2b und eine Ausgangszone 2c.2, 1 designates a six-stage real electrostatic precipitator,
which according to the invention is transformed to a
Der Eingangszone 2a, der die Stufen 1a und 1b des realen Filters
entsprechen, weist eine hohe, inhomogene Staubkonzentration
im Abgas auf. Die Aufladung möglichst vieler Partikel
wirkt sich günstig auf die Wirksamkeit der Mittelzone 2b und
der Ausgangszone 2c aus.The
In der Mittelzone 2b, die aus den Stufen 1c und 1d des realen
Filters 1 gebildet wird, weist eine deutlich geringere Staubkonzentration
(ca. 1/20) auf. In der mittleren Zone 2b kann
in seltenen Fällen ein Rücksprühen auftreten. Unter Rücksprühen
versteht man das Ende des linearen Spannungsanstiegs
trotz Erhöhung der Stromstärke.In the
In der Ausgangszone 2c, die aus den Stufen le und lf des realen
Filters 1 gebildet wird, ist ein hoher Anteil an feinen
Staubpartikeln vorhanden. Aufgrund des hochohmigen Staubbelags
an den Platten tritt häufiger ein Rücksprühen auf. Der
Emissionswert reagiert sensibel auf Plattenklopfung.In the
Nach Modifikationen im Betrieb, z. B. durch Änderung der Stromzufuhr, in einer Zone müssen alle nachfolgenden Zonen neu adaptiert werden.After modifications in operation, eg. B. by changing the Power supply, in one zone must all subsequent zones be adapted again.
Für die Transformation des realen Elektrofilters auf ein Filtermodell
wird zumindest einer der folgenden Parameter berücksichtigt:
Im Gasstrom parallele Modellzonen werden zunächst mit identischen Sollwerten versorgt. Bei der Feinoptimierung werden die Gewichtungsfaktoren für die parallelen Modellzonen bestimmt. Bei seriellen Modellzonen wird eine lineare Interpolation der Parameter, insbesondere der Istwerte, verwendet. Auch hier sind unterschiedliche Gewichtungen der einzelnen Modellzonen denkbar.In the gas flow parallel model zones are initially identical with Supplied nominal values. In the fine optimization, the Weighting factors for the parallel model zones determined. For serial model zones, a linear interpolation of the Parameter, in particular the actual values used. Here too are different weights of the individual model zones conceivable.
Die Wahl der Betriebsart bei der Rücktransformation vom Filtermodell
2 in das reale Filter 1 hängt von der errechneten
Stärke des Rücksprühens in den korrespondierenden Modellzonen
ab.The choice of operating mode for the inverse transformation of the
Im aktuellen Betriebspunkt des realen Elektrofilters 1 werden
für die drei Modellzonen 2a, 2b und 2c die Gradienten der Emission
(oder der Opazität) über der elektrischen Teil-Leistung
gebildet. Dazu muss die elektrische Leistung in allen
Zonen nacheinander um den aktuellen Betriebspunkt geringfügig
variiert werden. Die Gradienten der drei Modellzonen sind ein
Maß für den Einfluss einer Modellzone bei Änderung der elektrischen
Leistung auf die Partikelemission. Nun werden die
Leistungssollwerte der Modellzonen 2a, 2b und 2c so optimiert,
dass alle drei Gradienten gleich groß sind und der gewünschte
Emissionswert genau erreicht wird. In diesem Betriebspunkt
wird das Elektrofilter mit der minimalen möglichen
Leistung betrieben, bei der der vorgeschriebene oder gewünschte
Emissionswert gerade erreicht wird.In the current operating point of the real
Zur gezielten Suche des optimalen Betriebspunktes hat sich der Einsatz von Fuzzy-Logik bewährt. Der Einsatz von anderen Methoden, wie z. B. neuronale Netze oder konventionelle Suchalgorithmen, sind hier ebenfalls möglich. Aufgrund der schnellen Realisierbarkeit und der verwendeten abstrakten Regeln sowie der daraus gewonnenen Übertragbarkeit auf andere reale Elektrofilter ist der Fuzzy-Logik der Vorzug zu geben. Ein weiterer Vorteil bei der Verwendung von Fuzzy-Logik ist die einfache Realisierbarkeit unsymmetrischer Regler durch Änderung der Zugehörigkeitsfunktionen eines Signals. Ein Anstieg der Emissionen erfordert eine schnelle starke Reaktion des Systems wegen der Gefahr von Grenzwertüberschreitungen, wohingegen bei Verringerung der elektrischen Leistung erheblich mehr Zeit zur Verfügung steht. Durch die Verwendung von Fuzzy-Logik wird also die Betriebssicherheit erhöht.For a specific search of the optimal operating point has become proven the use of fuzzy logic. The use of others Methods, such. Neural networks or conventional search algorithms, are also possible here. Due to the fast realizability and the used abstract rules as well as the resulting transferability to others real electrostatic precipitators are preferred to fuzzy logic. Another advantage of using fuzzy logic is the simple realizability of unbalanced controllers Change the membership functions of a signal. An increase Emissions require a fast, strong reaction the system because of the risk of exceeding the limit value, whereas significantly reducing electrical power more time is available. By the use of Fuzzy logic thus increases the reliability.
Als Istwerte werden außer dem Mittelwert der Partikelemission auch die Spitzenwerte und die Augenblickswerte verwendet. Die Betrachtung der aktuellen Werte ermöglicht eine schnelle Reaktion auf ansteigende Werte aufgrund von unvorhersehbaren Prozessänderungen (z. B. Rußblasen). Die Überwachung der Maxima verhindert unerwünschte bzw. unerlaubte Emissionsspitzenwerte auch bei periodischen bzw. wiederkehrenden Vorgängen (z. B. Plattenklopfung).The actual values are the mean value of the particle emission also uses the peak values and the instantaneous values. The Viewing the current values allows a quick response on rising values due to unpredictable Process changes (eg sootblowing). Monitoring the maxima prevents unwanted or unauthorized emission peaks even with periodic or recurring events (eg plate knocking).
Bei dem in FIG 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die
Hochspannungsversorgungen des Elektrofilters vernetzt, wobei
ein optischer Profibus 5 als Übertragungssystem gewählt wurde.
Über den optischen Profibus 5 sind damit die Hochspannungsversorgung
3 sowie die Hochspannungsversorgungen 41, 42,
43, 44 und 45 über ihre Kontrolleinrichtungen 3K sowie 41K,
42K, 43K, 44K und 45K miteinander verbunden. Das Energiemanagement
läuft auf einem Personalcomputer 6, der im dargestellten
Ausführungsbeispiel unter dem Betriebssystem Windows NT®
betrieben wird. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist auch der Einsatz
auf einem Automatisierungssystem, z. B. Simatic® S7, möglich.In the embodiment shown in FIG 3, the
High voltage power supplies of the electrostatic filter crosslinked, wherein
an
Die einzelnen Hochspannungsversorgungen enthalten einen Satz von Parametern, der bei Verlust der Datenkommunikation aktiviert wird. Hier kann z. B. Betrieb mit Nennstrom hinterlegt werden. Bei Überschreitung der Emissionswerte um einen vorgebbaren Wert, wird bei allen Hochspannungsversorgungen eine Stromerhöhung bewirkt, unabhängig von der laufenden Optimierung. In einer zweiten Stufe kann bei einer weiter ansteigenden Partikelemission bei allen Hochspannungsversorgungen der Nennstrom aktiviert werden.The individual high voltage supplies contain a set of parameters that activates upon loss of data communication becomes. Here can z. B. Operation with nominal current deposited become. If the emission values are exceeded by a predefinable Value becomes one for all high voltage supplies Current increase causes, regardless of the ongoing optimization. In a second stage can be at a further increasing Particle emission in all high voltage power supplies of the Rated current can be activated.
FIG 4 zeigt die konstant bleibende Partikelemission E sowie die Regelung der Filterströme I(Z1) bis I(Z5) in den Zonen Z1 bis Z5 auf kleinere Werte während Abfahren des Kessels. Mit U(Z1) ist der Spannungsverlauf in der Zone Zlgekennzeichnet. Die Zeitpunkte der Gradientenbestimmung sind an den kurzen Stromänderungen in beide Richtungen zu erkennen.4 shows the constant particle emission E and the control of the filter currents I (Z1) to I (Z5) in the zones Z1 to Z5 to lower values during boiler shutdown. With U (Z1) is the voltage curve in zone Zlgekennzeichnet. The time points of the gradient determination are on the short To recognize current changes in both directions.
In FIG 5 ist die benutzerfreundliche Bedienoberfläche der auf
dem Personalcomputer 6 eingesetzten Software zu erkennen.In FIG. 5, the user-friendly user interface of FIG
Recognize the software used in the
Claims (9)
- Method for operating an electrical filter, in which the actual electrical filter (1) is transformed to a filter model (2) which has at least one input zone (2a), at least one central zone (2b) and at least one output zone (2c), with each of the at least three model zones (2a - 2c) having an associated characteristic which can be predetermined, on the basis of which the power supply is regulated for a number, which can be predetermined, of these model zones (2a - 2c) as a function of the nominal value for the particle emission (E).
- Method according to Claim 1, with at least one of the following parameters being taken into account for the transformation of the actual electrical filter (1) to a filter model (2):actual values and nominal values of the filter currents,actual values, minimum values, maximum values and mean values of the filter voltage,electrical poweroperating mode (continuous operation or pulsed operation) andif the electrical filter is operated in the pulsed mode - at least one pulse pattern.
- Method according to Claim 2, with parallel zones in the exhaust gas flow initially being supplied with identical nominal values.
- Method according to Claim 2 or 3, with weighting factors being determined by means of fine optimization for the parallel model zones in the exhaust gas flow.
- Method according to one of Claims 2 to 4, with linear interpolation of the parameters, in particular of the actual values, being used for serial zones.
- Method according to Claim 5, with weighting factors being determined by means of fine optimization for the serial model zones in the exhaust gas flow.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, with the optimum operating point of the actual electrical filter being determined using fuzzy logic.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, with the optimum operating point of the actual electrical filter being determined using a neural network.
- Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, with the optimum operating point of the actual electrical filter being determined using conventional search algorithms.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10050188A DE10050188C1 (en) | 2000-10-09 | 2000-10-09 | Electrofilter operating method uses filter model divided into zones assigned characteristic values used for regulating energy feed for ensuring operation within particle emission limits |
DE10050188 | 2000-10-09 | ||
PCT/DE2001/003845 WO2002030574A1 (en) | 2000-10-09 | 2001-10-08 | Method for operating an electrostatic filter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1324831A1 EP1324831A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
EP1324831B1 true EP1324831B1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
Family
ID=7659297
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP01986624A Expired - Lifetime EP1324831B1 (en) | 2000-10-09 | 2001-10-08 | Method for operating an electrostatic filter |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20040098173A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1324831B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE313383T1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2347402A (en) |
DE (2) | DE10050188C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2253442T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002030574A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030206837A1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2003-11-06 | Taylor Charles E. | Electro-kinetic air transporter and conditioner device with enhanced maintenance features and enhanced anti-microorganism capability |
US6632407B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2003-10-14 | Sharper Image Corporation | Personal electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US7695690B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2010-04-13 | Tessera, Inc. | Air treatment apparatus having multiple downstream electrodes |
US6176977B1 (en) | 1998-11-05 | 2001-01-23 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner |
US20050210902A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2005-09-29 | Sharper Image Corporation | Electro-kinetic air transporter and/or conditioner devices with features for cleaning emitter electrodes |
DE10214185A1 (en) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-16 | Siemens Ag | PC arrangement for visualization, diagnostic and expert systems for monitoring and control or regulation of high-voltage supply units of electrostatic filters |
US7906080B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2011-03-15 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a liquid holder and a bipolar ionization device |
US7724492B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-05-25 | Tessera, Inc. | Emitter electrode having a strip shape |
US7767169B2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2010-08-03 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Electro-kinetic air transporter-conditioner system and method to oxidize volatile organic compounds |
US20060016333A1 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | Sharper Image Corporation | Air conditioner device with removable driver electrodes |
DE102004036210B4 (en) * | 2004-07-26 | 2006-08-31 | Siemens Ag | Control device and control method for electrostatic precipitators with a configurable number of parallel and serial filter zones |
US7833322B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2010-11-16 | Sharper Image Acquisition Llc | Air treatment apparatus having a voltage control device responsive to current sensing |
EP1872858A3 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2011-05-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for optimizing a multi-zone electrostatic precipitator |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3017685A1 (en) * | 1980-05-08 | 1981-11-12 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | METHOD FOR REGULATING THE VOLTAGE OF AN ELECTROFILTER USED IN A PLANT |
US4624685A (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1986-11-25 | Burns & McDonnell Engineering Co., Inc. | Method and apparatus for optimizing power consumption in an electrostatic precipitator |
DE3526754A1 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1987-01-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | CONTROL METHOD FOR AN ELECTRIC FILTER |
DE4140228C2 (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1994-01-20 | Veba Kraftwerke Ruhr | Process for dedusting flue gases |
DE4222069A1 (en) * | 1992-07-04 | 1994-01-05 | Rothemuehle Brandt Kritzler | Comparing electrical wood filter dust arcing activity with arcing in dust-free passage - to control voltage level below arcing threshold, maximising efficiency without increase in fire risk |
-
2000
- 2000-10-09 DE DE10050188A patent/DE10050188C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-10-08 US US10/398,731 patent/US20040098173A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-10-08 AT AT01986624T patent/ATE313383T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-08 AU AU2347402A patent/AU2347402A/en active Pending
- 2001-10-08 WO PCT/DE2001/003845 patent/WO2002030574A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-10-08 DE DE50108483T patent/DE50108483D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-08 ES ES01986624T patent/ES2253442T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-08 EP EP01986624A patent/EP1324831B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-10-08 AU AU2002223474A patent/AU2002223474B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
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DE10050188C1 (en) | 2002-01-24 |
AU2002223474B2 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
WO2002030574A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
US20040098173A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 |
ES2253442T3 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
EP1324831A1 (en) | 2003-07-09 |
ATE313383T1 (en) | 2006-01-15 |
DE50108483D1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
AU2347402A (en) | 2002-04-22 |
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