EP1305806A1 - Preparation de materiaux composites conducteurs par depot d'un polymere conducteur dans un substrat poreux isolant et solution utile pour cette preparation - Google Patents
Preparation de materiaux composites conducteurs par depot d'un polymere conducteur dans un substrat poreux isolant et solution utile pour cette preparationInfo
- Publication number
- EP1305806A1 EP1305806A1 EP01984121A EP01984121A EP1305806A1 EP 1305806 A1 EP1305806 A1 EP 1305806A1 EP 01984121 A EP01984121 A EP 01984121A EP 01984121 A EP01984121 A EP 01984121A EP 1305806 A1 EP1305806 A1 EP 1305806A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- polyaniline
- conductive polymer
- substrate
- porous substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/128—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising six-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polyanilines, polyphenylenes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of electrically conductive composite materials comprising a conductive polymer such as polyaniline, in an insulating substrate. It applies in particular to the manufacture of porous membranes based on polymers and other insulating materials, made conductive by the conductive polymer.
- Such materials can be used as electrodes, as gas sensors, as biological microsensors or as filtration material for flammable liquids.
- Synthetics Metals 60, 1993, pages 27-30 [1] describes the preparation of a composite polyaniline-poly membrane (bisp enol- ⁇ -carbonate) used for the detection of ammonia.
- This composite membrane is obtained by electropolymerization of aniline on an electrode coated with polycarbonate. It contains about 50% by weight of polyaniline and has a conductivity of 10 "2 S. cm -1 .
- biosensors comprising a composite electrode based on polyaniline and perfluorosulfonate ionomer Nafion®, which is obtained by deposition of the polyaniline, by electropolymerization on a carbon electrode glass coated with Nafion®.
- 1109-1112 also describes a porous material in the pores of which polyaniline is formed by chemical polymerization in situ.
- the methods described above for obtaining composites comprising a conductive polyaniline also use a deposition of polyaniline by electropolymerization or by chemical polymerization of aniline, which has certain drawbacks.
- the processes based on electropolymerization require first coating the insulating membrane with an electrically conductive material to allow the growth of polyaniline by electropolymerization.
- Such methods are also ill-suited to the production of membranes with large surfaces because the electric field can be very inhomogeneous in an electrolytic cell of large dimensions, which leads to a deposit of inhomogeneous conductive polymer.
- the electropolymerization reactions are very slow.
- the present invention specifically relates to a process for preparing an electrically conductive composite material comprising a porous insulating substrate made conductive by depositing a conductive polymer inside the pores of the substrate.
- the process for preparing an electrically conductive composite material comprising a porous insulating substrate and a conductive polymer disposed in the pores of the insulating substrate, is characterized in that it consists in performing at least one conductive polymer deposition cycle comprising the following steps: a) bringing the porous substrate into contact with a solution of the conductive polymer in a volatile organic solvent, chemically inert with respect to the porous substrate, and b) removing the volatile organic solvent by evaporation to form a deposit of conductive polymer in the pores of the porous substrate.
- the process of the invention is very advantageous because it makes it possible to deposit conductive polymer in a single step, which is much simpler and quicker to implement than the steps necessary for depositing by electropolymerization or by chemical polymerization "in situ. » And also to delete the washing steps.
- the important characteristic is the choice of the volatile organic solvent used to form the solution for depositing the conductive polymer inside the pores of the porous substrate.
- the solvent used must be chemically inert with respect to the porous substrate, that is to say that it must neither dissolve nor deteriorate this substrate, and ensure good dissolution of the conductive polymer.
- solvents are chosen which allow a) to keep the conductive polymer in conductive form, b) to facilitate its penetration into the pores of the porous substrate, and c) to lead to a uniform deposition of the conductive polymer.
- solvents capable of dissolving a sufficient amount of conductive polymer to form a solution containing for example from 1 to 10 g / 1 of conductive polymer, and having an appropriate viscosity, to wet the surface of the substrate.
- an amphiphilic organic solvent is also chosen to obtain a uniform deposition of the conductive polymer on the hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces of the substrate.
- organic solvents which can be used, mention may be made of acetic acid, halogenated derivatives of acetic acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, and fluorinated alcohols such as hexafluoro-isopropanol.
- the conductive polymer can be chosen from polyanilines, polypyrroles, polythiophenes and their derivatives.
- polyaniline preferably of high molecular weight, and more preferably in the form of emeraldine base.
- Polyanilines of this type can be obtained by the methods described in document [7] and the document Synthetics Metals, 95, 1998, pages 29-45 [9].
- the solution used is advantageously a solution of polyaniline and of protonating agent in a volatile amphiphilic organic solvent.
- the protonating agents used are chosen to facilitate the dissolution of the polyaniline. Mention may in particular be made of the aliphatic and / or aromatic monoesters and diesters of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acids and phosphonic acids.
- phosphoric acid esters monoesters and aliphatic diesters are preferred.
- camphosulfonic acid is used as protonating agent.
- the porous substrates used in the invention can be made of very diverse materials. They may, for example, be insulating polymers, filter papers, glasses and ceramics.
- the pores of the porous substrates used usually have an average size of 0.2 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the porous substrate is brought into contact with the conductive polymer solution, either by immersion of the substrate in the solution, or by spraying the solution onto the substrate, for example in the form of an areosol. .
- the polymer deposit is formed inside the pores and possibly on the external surface of the substrate, by the simple physical phenomenon of evaporation of the solvent with simultaneous solidification of the conductive phase of the conductive polymer in the form of a uniform layer.
- no secondary product is formed; it is therefore not necessary to remove such products by washing.
- by changing the polymer concentration of the deposition solution it is easy to control the quantity and the morphology of the conductive layer deposited.
- the invention also relates to a polyaniline solution, usable for the deposition of conductive polyaniline on a porous substrate, characterized in that it consists of a polyaniline solution in the form of emeraldine base and of a protonating agent in l trifluoroacetic acid.
- the protonating agent is camphosulfonic acid.
- the polyaniline concentration of the solution is from 1 to 1.
- FIGS 1 to 4 illustrate the production of a composite material, in accordance with the method of the invention, by carrying out three successive deposition cycles.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the UV-VIS-NIR spectra of solutions and of a film cast from a solution according to the invention.
- this substrate 1 is brought into contact with a solution of conductive polymer, for example by spraying thereon a solution of polyaniline and of a protonating agent in a volatile organic solvent. After removal of the solvent by evaporation, the deposit 5 of polyaniline is obtained inside the pores 3 of the porous substrate 1, as shown in FIG. 2.
- a second deposition cycle is carried out under the same conditions, which leads to the structure shown in FIG. 3 where the deposits 5 are more substantial and begin to form a network inside the porous substrate.
- a conductive phase 5 is obtained inside the pores 3 and on the external surface of the substrate 1, which makes it possible to ensure macroscopic conductivity on the two faces of the substrate and between the two faces of the substrate.
- the conductivity increases sharply after the second deposition cycle.
- the increase is less after the third deposit due to the saturation effect of the pores. Examples of implementation of the method of the invention are described below.
- the polyaniline is deposited in a porous substrate constituted by a Millipore HVLP filter in poly (vinylidene fluoride) having an average pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m.
- Polyaniline in the form of emeraldine base, prepared at -15 ° C using the process described in document [9].
- Polyaniline has an inherent viscosity of 1.70 dl / g (at 25 ° C in solution at 0.1% by weight in concentrated sulfuric acid).
- the polyaniline solution is prepared by adding to a container containing 120 ml of trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA), 0.8 g of polyaniline emeraldine base pre-dried and 1.024 g of camphosulfonic acid (CSA), which corresponds to 0.5 molecule of camphosulfonic acid per repeated unit of polyaniline, and the whole is subjected to vigorous stirring for 24 hours. The insoluble part is then removed by centrifugation. The mass of dissolved polyaniline is determined by gravimetry as being the difference between the initial mass of polyaniline emeraldine base and the mass of undissolved fraction after its deprotonation.
- TFAA trifluoroacetic acid
- CSA camphosulfonic acid
- a solution is obtained having a polyaniline concentration of 5 g / l.
- FIG. 5 which represents the UV-VIS-NIR spectrum of a solution of polyaniline in TFAA, without protonating agent (PANI / TFAA) (spectrum 11) of a solution of polyaniline and of CSA in TFAA (PANI- CSA / TFAA ) (spectrum 13) and a film obtained by pouring the solution (PANI-CS / TFAA) and evaporation of the solvent (spectrum 15) illustrates these color modifications.
- the polyaniline and CSA solution in TFAA is then used to form a coating in the porous substrate by depositing this solution on the filter using a micropipette or by immersing the substrate in this solution.
- the dose of solution is 0.2 ml for the first deposit, which is enough to cover an area of about 4 cm in diameter. After evaporation of the solvent, a deposit of polymer is obtained which adheres well to the substrate and which cannot be removed mechanically.
- the volume conductivity of the composite material is determined by a method with four contacts on the surface of the material and taking into account the total thickness of the filter.
- the polyaniline content introduced by each deposit is approximately 0.4 to 0.8% by weight.
- the adhesion of the polymer deposit on the porous filter is excellent, the deposited layer cannot be mechanically separated from the surface. All samples are subjected to an aging test consisting of 30 consecutive cycles of deprotonation-protonation (dedoping-doping) and drying. There is simply a slight drop in conductivity (20% maximum) at the end of the test.
- the porous substrate is a Santorius SM 118 filter made of modified polytetrafluoroethylene, which has a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 The same procedure is followed as in Example 1, but a medium pore size filter paper is used as the substrate. The results obtained are given in Table 3.
- Example 2 The same procedure is followed as in Example 1, but a Whatman microporous glass filter having a pore size of 1.0 ⁇ m is used as the substrate.
- the substrate is flexible and the conductivity depends on the pressure used for the application of contacts. The conductivity measured
- the increase in conductivity during the second deposition is significantly higher than the increase in the third deposition. This can be explained by the low percolation threshold for the conductivity which is influenced by the morphology of the porous substrate.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0008737A FR2811466B1 (fr) | 2000-07-05 | 2000-07-05 | Preparation de materiaux composites conducteurs par depot d'un polymere conducteur dans un substrat poreux isolant et solution utile pour cette preparation |
FR0008737 | 2000-07-05 | ||
PCT/FR2001/002127 WO2002003396A1 (fr) | 2000-07-05 | 2001-07-03 | Preparation de materiaux composites conducteurs par depot d'un polymere conducteur dans un substrat poreux isolant et solution utile pour cette preparation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1305806A1 true EP1305806A1 (fr) | 2003-05-02 |
EP1305806B1 EP1305806B1 (fr) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=8852128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01984121A Expired - Lifetime EP1305806B1 (fr) | 2000-07-05 | 2001-07-03 | Preparation de materiaux composites conducteurs par depot d'un polymere conducteur dans un substrat poreux isolant et solution utile pour cette preparation |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6753041B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1305806B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2004502286A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE278242T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60106054T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2228966T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2811466B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002003396A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7160575B1 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2007-01-09 | University Of Puerto Rico | Conducting polymer |
US7351606B2 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2008-04-01 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Method for forming a bottom gate thin film transistor using a blend solution to form a semiconducting layer and an insulating layer |
US7300861B2 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2007-11-27 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Method for interconnecting electronic components using a blend solution to form a conducting layer and an insulating layer |
EP2145916B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-17 | 2013-06-19 | W.L.Gore & Associates Gmbh | Revêtement de substrat comportant un complexe de fluoropolymère ionique et nanoparticules chargées à la surface |
WO2012177973A2 (fr) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-27 | 1,4 Group, Inc. | Imprégnation d'un milieu poreux au moyen d'un mélange liquide contenant un agent chimique |
CA3154252A1 (fr) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-15 | Flavia VITALE | Fabrication rapide de substrats absorbants pour des capteurs et des conducteurs souples et adaptes |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5294504A (en) * | 1988-08-30 | 1994-03-15 | Osaka Gas Company, Ltd. | Three-dimensional microstructure as a substrate for a battery electrode |
JPH0572791A (ja) * | 1991-09-13 | 1993-03-26 | Nitto Denko Corp | 電子写真用転写部材 |
US5248554A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1993-09-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for impregnating filaments of p-aramid yarns with polyanilines |
JPH06120086A (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 1994-04-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | 固体電解コンデンサの製造方法 |
FR2751660B1 (fr) | 1996-07-29 | 1998-08-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Composition pour la fabrication d'un materiau composite conducteur contenant une polyaniline et materiau composite obtenu a partir de cette composition |
KR19980081610A (ko) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-11-25 | 우치가사키이사오 | 고체전해콘덴서의 전해질형성용 조성물 및 고체전해콘덴서 |
FR2767138B1 (fr) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-09-03 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication de polyaniline de masse moleculaire elevee sous forme d'emeraldine et polyaniline obtenue par ce procede |
US5888582A (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-03-30 | Kemet Electronics Corp. | Polyaniline solutions with bicyclic terpene solvent |
US6391379B1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2002-05-21 | Kemet Electronics Corporation | Process of preparing a solid electrolytic capacitor containing a conductive polymer counter electrode |
-
2000
- 2000-07-05 FR FR0008737A patent/FR2811466B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-07-03 JP JP2002507384A patent/JP2004502286A/ja active Pending
- 2001-07-03 EP EP01984121A patent/EP1305806B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-03 WO PCT/FR2001/002127 patent/WO2002003396A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-03 AT AT01984121T patent/ATE278242T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-07-03 ES ES01984121T patent/ES2228966T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-03 US US10/312,890 patent/US6753041B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-03 DE DE60106054T patent/DE60106054T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0203396A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2228966T3 (es) | 2005-04-16 |
WO2002003396A1 (fr) | 2002-01-10 |
EP1305806B1 (fr) | 2004-09-29 |
US6753041B2 (en) | 2004-06-22 |
FR2811466B1 (fr) | 2004-02-20 |
ATE278242T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
JP2004502286A (ja) | 2004-01-22 |
US20030138566A1 (en) | 2003-07-24 |
DE60106054T2 (de) | 2006-02-16 |
FR2811466A1 (fr) | 2002-01-11 |
DE60106054D1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
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