EP1300360B1 - Load engaging hook with shortening claw - Google Patents

Abstract

The penultimate chain link (1a) in the load section (5) of the chain is received by a slot (13) in between the claw jaws (12), this slot being open on the load section side. The load-transmitting final chain link (1b) in the load section of the chain is in contact with the two jaws. <??>A stopper device, especially a shortening load-engaging hook for chains, especially round link chains, comprises a hook with a shortening claw connected to it. The claw divides the chain into a load section and a blank section (6), both of which have a variable length. The claw has a fastener head (11) for receiving the claw end of the load section of the chain and this claw has at least two jaws defining a slit in between.

Description

The invention relates to an abutment device, in particular shortening hook, for chains, with a hook and a shortening claw connected to the hook, which divides the chain into a load string and an empty strand respectively variable length, wherein the shortening claw a the claw-side end of the load line of the chain receiving mounting head having at least two jaws with intermediate longitudinal slot, and wherein the penultimate chain link of the load line is received in the load-strand side open longitudinal slot, while the load-transmitting last chain link of the load line is positively received in a receptacle formed by the two jaws and rests against the jaws.

An abutment device of the structure described above is described in US 2 630 610, which corresponds to the preamble of independent claim 1. Similarly, US 1,179,951 precedes. The load-transmitting last chain link is held in both cases in the receptacle with the two jaws and additionally fixed by means of a pin on the shortening claw. However, this locking pin hinders the threading of the chain in the shortening claw, so that the operation is hampered. Also, movements of the load-transmitting last chain link can not be excluded, which is why the application of force under load in the two jaws is partially undefined.

In addition, a stop device in the context of WO 97/23406 A1 or the parallel US 5,765,891 is presented. Here, the empty strand compulsorily forms a chain bag, the end of which is secured by means of a cross pin which connects the two jaws together. This is expensive. In addition, the load line as it were across the stop device passed through and fixed at this. Consequently, there is a risk that the stop device assumes an inclined position or tilting moments is subjected.

Unless one worked in practice with stop devices without connected shortening claw, which are combined with a chain or a chain hanger, attached loads can be brought into balance by the fact that, for example, in a cuboid body, the chains are adapted by their respective length ago. For this purpose, one knows independently of stop devices or stop hooks without connected shortening claw, as described by way of example in DE 44 45 373 A1, so-called shortening claws, as they are the subject of DE 195 43 855 A1. In this case, the length adjustment usually takes place link by link of the chain, so that eccentric center of gravity positions are mastered.

In order to align the respective load, the length adjustment of the chains carrying them must often be repeated until the load finally hangs in the balance. This implies that the associated slings, usually a suspension head, is always shut down to an operator until it can unhook the chain with the end stop hooks and adjusts the shortening claw accordingly. That too is expensive.

In addition, various fasteners such as coupling elements, chain pieces, etc. must be used to attach the shortening claw either on the chain or directly on the suspension point. This circumstance not only complicates the length adjustment with the respective shortening claw, but also makes it quite expensive. In addition, the weight of the shortening claw increases not inconsiderable, which in turn hinders handling. - Here the invention aims to provide a total remedy.

The invention is based on the technical problem of developing a stop device of the construction described above so that with a simplified structure and reduced weight easy length adjustment of an associated chain succeeds.

To solve this technical problem, a generic stop device in the invention is characterized in that the receptacle consists of two opposing longitudinal grooves of predetermined length with parallel side walls in longitudinal extension in the respective jaws, wherein the two longitudinal grooves receive the load-transmitting last chain link of the load line form-fitting , The load-transmitting last chain link of the load line is against the jaws usually tilting torque on. Preferably, the length of the longitudinal grooves corresponds substantially to half the length of the load-transmitting last chain link.

The stop device is usually a shortening load hook, while chains preferably use round link chains. The load string is arranged substantially in the plane spanned by the fastening head and possibly the hook.

The invention is thus initially based on the recognition that advantageously a hook known per se can be combined with a shortening claw, also described above, to form a common aggregate, namely the stop device. In this way, a significant reduction in weight and ease of operation is already achieved. In particular, now additional fasteners such as coupling elements, short chain strands for the shortening claw, etc. omitted. In addition, the shortening claw according to the invention is always in the working area of the operator, because it represents a combined aggregate with the hook, which for the length variation of the chain anyway in the access area of the operator must be moved.

Of particular importance is also that in comparison with the WO 97/23406 A1, the longitudinal slot between the two jaws in the attachment head is made open-load side open. As a result, the load string can extend in the plane of the fastening head or the hook, so that any tilting moments are not transmitted to the stop device. Because the forces transmitted from the load line via the load-transmitting last chain link of the load line to the stop device are just in this plane and - if you like - arranged on a straight line.

In addition, the theory of the invention dispenses with the determination of the empty strand directly on the stop device, although this option is of course possible and conceivable in principle, but not in the longitudinal slot open on the load side. Rather, the end of the empty strand can be determined for example on the empty strand itself and / or on the stop device, and in this way form a chain bag. For this purpose, the chain usually has at the empty unit via a securing member or a connecting device. Depending on the length of the empty strand, however, such a definition can also be omitted altogether.

According to a preferred embodiment hook and shortening claw can form a one-piece component, in particular forging. As a result, the production is particularly simple and inexpensive possible.

Alternatively, hook and shortening claw can also be connected to each other via at least one hinge. Such a configuration is particularly recommended in the event that the stop device described should be combined with chains of different design.Dabei it is conceivable on the one hand, the rotary joint with a fixed To equip bolts as a fixed axle. However, the bolt in question can just as easily be exchangeable or removed. This is particularly recommended in the event that the stop device is to be used in existing or changing chains, so it must be looped as it were.

The stop device is advantageously secured to the chain, if in addition a securing the load line to the shortening claw securing device is realized. This safety device may be formed as the penultimate and / or the last chain link against falling out of the shortening claw or the longitudinal slot blocking locking pin, the locking pin may additionally have a notch. This is not mandatory. Also optionally, a connecting device or the already mentioned securing member can be provided, which (s) fixes the free end of the chain bag or the chain on the empty strand end.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the connecting device has a bolt passing through the last chain link of the free end of the chain bag, which - as already described - can be removed. This bolt acts simultaneously as the axis of rotation of the hinge between the hook and the shortening claw. That is, the bolt or the connecting device as a whole thus assumes a dual function, hereby not only set the chain bag, but at the same time the swivel joint can be displayed. This leads to a further simplification and weight saving.

As a result, the stop device according to the invention captivates by a simple structure with few and simple means. This keeps the manufacturing costs low and facilitates its operation. At the same time, the combination of hook and shortening claw ensures that both components are reliably within the reach of an operator and can thus be easily manipulated. It should be emphasized that the described stop device is not only suitable for lifting loads, but also just as well for the load securing and the setting of the charge can be used.

Characterized in that the penultimate chain link of the load string is received in the load-strand side open longitudinal slot, while the load-transmitting last chain link of the load line abuts against the two jaws, the idle strand can be easily adapted to different circumstances of its length. This is true even if the end of the empty strand is fixed by means of the connecting device and / or a securing device or a securing pin are provided for securing the chain.

Because both the safety device and the locking pin and the connecting device are expressly not in the power line side open longitudinal slot, so that after loosening the corresponding devices, the penultimate chain link can be easily removed together with the load-transmitting last chain link from the respective longitudinal slot and another pairing two chain links undergoes a commitment. This advantage is particularly noticeable when a locking pin blocking the penultimate chain link and / or the last chain link against falling out of the shortening claw is provided as a securing device.

Because this locking pin can be transferred by simply pressing in a recording in a chain releasing position, so that length adjustments can be made without tools and, as it were, with two hands. The one hand moves the locking pin in the chain releasing position, while the other hand, the desired length of the load string or empty strand is made by positioning the last and penultimate desired chain link relative to the two jaws. Here are the main benefits.

Fig. 1a, 1b und 1c

eine erste Ausgestaltung der Anschlagvorrichtung in verschiedenen Perspektiven,

Fig. 2

eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 mit zusätzlicher Sicherungsvorrichtung,

Fig. 3a, 3b und 3c

eine weitere Variante in verschiedenen Ansichten und

Fig. 4a, 4b und 4c

eine zusätzliche Abwandlungsform.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment; show it:

Fig. 1a, 1b and 1c

a first embodiment of the stop device in different perspectives,

Fig. 2

a modified embodiment of FIG. 1 with additional securing device,

Fig. 3a, 3b and 3c

another variant in different views and

Fig. 4a, 4b and 4c

an additional modification.

In the figures, a stop device, according to the embodiment, a shortening load hook for chains 1 is shown. In the relevant chain 1 is a round link chain with chain links or longitudinal members 1a and chain links or cross members 1b. The shortening hook shown is composed in its basic structure of a hook 2 and in addition a connected to the hook 2 shortening claw 3 together.

In the context of the embodiment, the hook 2 is an eyelet hook 2. Of course, the hook 2 can basically also be designed as a clevis hook. In any case, the hook in question 2 or load hook 2 takes on loads, and those that are to be brought into balance with the chain 1 mostly.

The eye hook 2 is equipped with a spring-loaded locking plate 4, which prevents it from slipping out after being hooked into, for example, an (oval) suspension head. The shortening claw 3 subdivides the chain 1 into a load strand 5 and an empty strand 6. In the exemplary embodiment, the empty strand 6 at least partially forms a chain bag 6 because its end is fixed and thereby forms a loop or a sack. Laststrang 5 and empty strand or chain bag 6 are depending on Attachment of the shortening claw 3 or the stop device as a whole on the chain 1 a variable length.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the eyelet hook 2 and the shortening claw 3 are a one-piece component, according to the embodiment, a forging. But it is also possible that Ösenhaken 2 and shortening claw 3 via at least one rotary joint 7, 8, 9, 10 are interconnected, as shown in Figs. 3a to 3c. This rotary joint 7, 8, 9, 10 is formed in the context of the embodiment in the core by a (screw) bolt 7, which penetrates two cheeks 8 adjoining the shortening claw 3 on the underside. Between these two cheeks 8 of the eye hook 2 is received with its extension web 9, which is also penetrated by the (screw) bolt 7.

The extension web 9 is equipped with a slot 10 in which a longitudinal member 1c of the chain 1, namely the last member or chain link 1c of the free end of the chain bag 6 is immersed. In this way, the (bolt) bolt 7 penetrates not only the two cheeks 8 and the extension web 9, but also the relevant link or link lc.

As a result, the bolt 7 acts with the remaining components 8, 9, 10 as a connecting device 7, 8, 9, 10, which determines the chain 1 on the stop device and fixes the free end of the chain bag 6. At the same time takes over the connecting device 7, 8, 9, 10 or a part thereof, namely the cheeks 8, the extension web 9 and the (Screw) bolt 7, the function of the rotary joint 7, 8, 9, 10 between eyelet hook 2 and shortening claw. 3

The shortening claw 3 has the variable definition of the chain 1 via a mounting head 11 which receives the jaw side end of the load line 5 of the chain 1. This mounting head 11 is equipped in the embodiment with two jaws 12 with longitudinal slot 13 lying therebetween. In this way, the penultimate longitudinal member 1a of the load string 5 of the chain 1 is received in the respective longitudinal slot 13, while the load-transferred last cross member 1b of the load string 5 abuts against the two jaws 12.

It can be seen that the longitudinal slot 13 is formed open load side, ie in the direction of the load line 5 of the chain 1 has no transverse webs, bolts, etc., as is the case in WO 97/23406 A1. In addition, the embodiment according to FIGS. 4a to 4c makes it clear that the load-transmitting last chain link 1b of the load line 5 is received in a form-fitting manner in a receptacle 17 formed by the two jaws 12. In fact, the receptacle 17 is composed of two opposite longitudinal grooves 17a and 17b in the jaws 12, which have a predetermined length 1. This length 1 corresponds in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4a to 4c substantially half the length of the load-transmitting last chain link 1b. This results in particular from the sectional view in Fig. 4c in the region of the longitudinal slot 13, while Figs. 4a and 4b each have front views on the subject.

In order to change the length of the load string 5 and consequently of the empty strand 6 or of the chain bag 6 formed therefrom, only the longitudinal member 1a has to be removed from the jaws 12 and the chain 1 has to be extended by a pitch length or back to the next pairing of the longitudinal member 1a / cross member 1b are moved and fixed. This is possible with one hand, while the other hand in this context actuates a securing device 14 to be described in more detail below.

In the context of the described constellation, the longitudinal slot 13 and the two jaws 12 and the longitudinal members 1a define a longitudinal plane L, opposite which a plane described by the eye hook 2 in the transverse direction Q, d. H. essentially offset by 90 °, runs. This is not mandatory.

Of particular importance, however, is that the load line 5 is arranged substantially in the plane Q spanned by the attachment head 11 or the eye hook 2, as shown in particular in FIGS. 4a to 4c. Because in this way 5 forces attacking on the load line in the plane Q continue and attack by means of the load-transmitting last chain link 1b on the mounting head 11 and consequently the stop device as a whole and thus the hook 2, all in this plane Q (and in addition, practically still on a straight line). This is particularly favorable for the introduction of force, even for any tilting moments to avoid otherwise transferred to the stop device.

To secure the chain 1 to the stop device, the already mentioned separate optional securing device 14 is provided (cf., FIGS. 2 and 4). This is in the context of the illustration of FIG. 2 to a in the last-transmitted last cross member 1b of the load line 5 dipping spring-assisted securing web 14. This ensures that the imprinting on the jaws 12 chain 1 is not inadvertent of the shortening claw 3 and thus the stopper can solve a total.

In the same direction, the securing device 14 in the context of Fig. 4, in which it is a locking pin 14 blocking the penultimate chain link 1a against falling out of the longitudinal slot 13. This locking pin 14 is equipped with a notch 18 and takes the spring-assisted position shown in FIG. 4a. Then the penultimate chain link 1a of the load line 5 is blocked, so that logically the last chain link 1b can not leave the receptacle 17 from the two opposite longitudinal grooves or longitudinal slots 17a and 17b.

If, however, the locking pin 14 is moved against the spring force, in the position shown in FIG. 4b, the notch 18 is brought into line with the chain link 1a, so that the last chain link 1a is no longer blocked in the longitudinal slot 13, but rather is released. On This way can be made by simply pressing the locking pin 14 into a receptacle 19 with the help of one hand, the desired length of the load line 5 and the empty strand 6 with the other hand. This facilitates the operation enormously.

Instead of the securing web 14 and the locking pin 14, it is of course also conceivable to resort to the backup device 14 on a the two jaws 12 end with the body 15 of the shortening claw 3 connecting pin or pin 16, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in Fig. 3b , The longitudinal slot 13 remains open in this case, of course, unchanged power line side.

Claims (9)

1. A holding device, particularly a shortening lifting hook for chains (1), including a hook (2) and a shortening claw (3) which is attached to the hook (2) and separates the chain (1) into a load line (5) and a free line (6) the length of each of which is variable, wherein

   - the shortening claw (3) is furnished with a securing head (11) that accommodates the end of the load line (5) of the chain (1) on the claw side and has at least two jaws (12) and a lengthwise slot (13) therebetween, and wherein

   - the penultimate chain link (1a) of the load line (5) is accommodated in the lengthwise slot (13) with an opening on the load line side, whereas the load-transferring last link of the chain (1b) of the load line (5) is accommodated in positive locking manner in a recess (17) formed by the two jaws (12) and lies flush with both jaws (12),

   characterised in that

   - the recess (17) is made up of two opposingly arranged longitudinal grooves (17a, 17b) with predetermined length (l) and having side walls that extend parallel in the longitudinal direction in the respective jaws (12), wherein

   - the two longitudinal grooves (17a, 17b) accommodate in positive locking manner the load-transferring last chain link (1b) of the load line (5).
2. The holding device according to claim 1, characterised in that the length (l) of the two longitudinal grooves (17a, 17b) is essentially equal to half that of the load-transferring last chain link (1b).
3. The holding device according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the hook (2) and the shortening claw (3) are an integral part, particularly a forged part.
4. The holding device according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the hook (2) and the shortening claw (3) are connected with one another by at least one swivel joint (7, 8, 9, 10).
5. The holding device according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a safety mechanism (14) securing the load line (5) to the shortening claw (3) is provided to secure the chain (1).
6. The holding device according to claim 5, characterised in that a safety mechanism (14) conformed as the penultimate chain link (1a) and/or the last chain link (1b) is conformed as a locking pin (14) to prevent it from falling out of the shortening claw (3).
7. The holding device according to claim 6, characterised in that the locking pin (14) is furnished with a notch (18).
8. The holding device according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that an attachment device (7, 8, 9, 10) is provided that secures the free end of the free line (6).
9. The holding device according to claim 8, characterised in that the attachment device (7, 8, 9, 10) is furnished with a bolt (7) that passes through the last chain link (1c) of the free end of the free line (6) and at the same time functions as the axis of rotation for the swivel joint (7, 8, 9, 10) between hook (2) and shortening claw (3).