EP1299676B1 - Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie - Google Patents

Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1299676B1
EP1299676B1 EP01935973A EP01935973A EP1299676B1 EP 1299676 B1 EP1299676 B1 EP 1299676B1 EP 01935973 A EP01935973 A EP 01935973A EP 01935973 A EP01935973 A EP 01935973A EP 1299676 B1 EP1299676 B1 EP 1299676B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
ion
current detection
glow plug
sheathed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01935973A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1299676A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Haluschka
Juergen Arnold
Christoph Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2000131894 external-priority patent/DE10031894A1/de
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1299676A1 publication Critical patent/EP1299676A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1299676B1 publication Critical patent/EP1299676B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/021—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using an ionic current sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a ceramic glow plug for diesel engines with a type of ion current sensor of the first independent claim. From DE-OS 34 28 371 Ceramic glow plugs are already known, the one have ceramic heating element.
  • the ceramic Heating element carries an electrode made of a metallic Material that serves the electrical conductivity of the existing ionized in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine To detect gas. The serves as the second electrode Combustion chamber wall.
  • Glow plugs are also known which have a housing have in a concentric bore rod-shaped heating element is arranged.
  • the heating element consists of at least one insulation layer as well a first and a second feed layer, the first and the second supply layer over a web connected to the combustion chamber tip of the heating element are.
  • the insulation layer consists of electrical insulating ceramic material and the first, the second Lead layer and the web made of electrically conductive ceramic material.
  • the ceramic glow plug according to the invention with Ion current sensor with the features of the first independent Claim has the advantage that the glow plug with Ion current sensor has a very simple structure and the manufacture is inexpensive.
  • FIG. 1 is a glow plug according to the invention shown schematically in longitudinal section.
  • the heating element 5 consists of ceramic Material.
  • the heating element 5 has a first Lead layer 7 and a second lead layer 9, the first supply layer 7 and the second Lead layer 9 made of electrically conductive ceramic Material.
  • At the end 6 of the combustion chamber distant Heating element 3 are the first supply layer 7 and the second supply layer 9 connected via a web 8, the also made of electrically conductive ceramic material consists.
  • the first lead layer 7 and the second Lead layer 9 are through an insulation layer 11 separated from each other.
  • the insulation layer 11 consists of electrically insulating ceramic material.
  • the inside of the Housing 3 is towards the combustion chamber by one Heating element 5 surrounding combustion chamber seal 13 sealed.
  • the first supply layer 7 with a third connection 37 connected.
  • This third connection 37 is in turn in Towards the end of the glow plug far from the combustion chamber with the Connection bolt 19 connected.
  • the second feed layer 9 has a contact surface 12 at its end remote from the combustion chamber on, via which the second supply layer 9 via the electrically conductive combustion chamber seal 13 with the housing 3 is electrically connected.
  • the housing 3 is with mass connected.
  • the contact surface 12 may be preferred Embodiment be designed such that in this Area of the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber surrounding electrically insulating glass coating interrupted is and thus an electrical contact with the Combustion chamber seal 13 is made.
  • the contact surface 12 with provided with a metallic coating.
  • the connecting bolt 19 is by a, in the Concentric bore of the housing 3 arranged ceramic Spacer sleeve 27 from the end of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber spaced. Towards the end remote from the combustion chamber Connection bolt 19 through an adapter sleeve 29 and Metal sleeve 31 passed through. At the end of the Glow plug is on the connecting bolt 19 Round connector 25 plugged in, the electrical connection accomplished.
  • the distal end of the concentric Bore of the housing 3 is through a hose ring 21 and an insulating washer 23 sealed or electrically insulated.
  • the second electrode is also for Ion current detection 33 'at the end of the combustion chamber remote Heating element 5 connected to a second terminal 17.
  • the first connection 15 and second connection 17 are through the connecting bolt 19 through to the end remote from the combustion chamber Glow plug passed through.
  • FIG. 3a shows a heating element 5 in longitudinal section.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ' arranged in the insulation layer 11.
  • the web 8 which the first supply layer 7 and second supply layer 9 connects with each other.
  • Figure 3b shows the heating element 5, which is in one plane is cut, which is perpendicular to the plane in which the heating element 5, which was shown in FIG. 3a), is cut.
  • the first can be seen here Lead layer 7 and the second lead layer 9, the at the end 6 of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber via the web 8 are interconnected.
  • the third connection 37 is on End of the heating element 5 remote from the combustion chamber with the first Lead layer 7 connected.
  • Figure 4 shows for better clarification of the invention a cross section through the heating element 5 on the distant combustion chamber The End. It can be seen that the first supply layer 7 from the second feed layer 9 through the Insulation layer 11 is separated. Within the Insulation layer 11, the first connection 15 is arranged, the one with the first electrode for ion current detection 33 connected is. Also within the insulation layer 11 the second connection 17 is arranged, which is connected to the second Electrode for ion current detection 33 'is connected. Within the first supply layer 7 there is also the third connection 37 arranged. It can be seen that the Insulation layer for better absorption and isolation of the first and second electrodes for ion current detection 33, 33 ' in the area in which these electrodes are arranged is widened.
  • the glow plug can operated in such a way that when the Internal combustion engine, the glow plug first in heating mode is operated. This means that during the glow phase, a positive voltage at the third terminal 37 Ground is applied so that a current flows across the first Lead layer 7, the web 8 and the second Lead layer 9 flows. Through the electrical Resistance in this way increases the temperature of the Heating element and the combustion chamber in which the combustion chamber side The end of the glow plug protrudes and is heated. To The glow phase is terminated at the first connection 15 and a voltage potential is applied to the second connection 17, so that the first electrode 33 and the second electrode 33 'as Electrodes are used for ion current measurement.
  • the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode function for ion current detection in this embodiment as electrodes on the same Potential side by side.
  • first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ' to apply different voltage potential so that a Ion current between the first electrode Ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for Ion current detection 33 'flows.
  • the glow mode and the ion current detection with the glow plug done simultaneously.
  • the Voltage potentials are chosen so that the first Electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second Electrode for ion current detection 33 'on the same or different potential, i.e., as above explains the ion current through the ionized combustion chamber Combustion chamber wall or from the first electrode to Ion current detection 33 via the ionized combustion chamber second electrode for ion current detection 33 'flows.
  • the materials of the first supply layer 7, the web 8, the second supply layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and the electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ' should be in a first embodiment made of ceramic material consist. This ensures that the Coefficient of thermal expansion of the materials differ, so that a durability of the Heating element 5 is guaranteed.
  • the material is the first supply layer 7, the web 8 and the second Lead layer 9 selected so that the resistance of this Layers is smaller than the resistance of the Insulation layer 11.
  • the resistance is also the first Electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second Electrode for ion current detection 33 ⁇ smaller than that Resistance of the insulation layer 11.
  • the first Electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second Electrode for ion current detection 33 also made of metallic Material, such as platinum.
  • These composite structures can be obtained by a single or multi-stage sintering process.
  • the specific resistance of the layers can preferably be determined by the MoSi 2 content and / or the core size of MoSi 2 , preferably the MoSi 2 content of the first feed layer 7, the web 8 and the second feed layer 9 as well as the first and the second electrode for ion current detection 33, 33 'higher than the MoSi 2 content of the insulation layer 11.
  • the first lead layer 7, the web 8, the second lead layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and, if appropriate, the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ′ consist of a composite precursor ceramic with different proportions of fillers.
  • the matrix of this material consists of polysiloxanes, polysequioxanes, polysilanes or polysilazanes, which can be doped with boron, nitrogen or aluminum and which are produced by pyrolysis.
  • the filler forms at least one of the compounds Al 2 O 3 , MoSi 2 , SiO 2 and SiC for the individual layers.
  • the MoSi 2 content and / or the grain size of MoSi 2 can preferably determine the resistance of the layers.
  • the MoSi 2 content of the first feed layer 7, the web 8 and the second feed layer 9 and, if appropriate, the first and second electrodes for ion current detection 33, 33 ′ is preferably set higher than the MoSi 2 content of the insulation layer 11.
  • compositions of the first feed layer 7, the web 8, the second feed layer 9, the insulation layer 11 and optionally the first electrode for ion current detection 33 and the second electrode for ion current detection 33 ' are selected in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments so that their thermal expansion coefficients and the Shrinkages occurring during the sintering or pyrolysis process are the same, so that no cracks occur in the heating element 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie crayon de préchauffage à détecteur de courant ionique ainsi qu'un procédé pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie. Cette dernière présente un culot (3) et un élément chauffant (5) en forme de barre, placé dans un trou concentrique du culot (3). Cet élément chauffant (5) possède au moins un couche isolante (11) ainsi qu'une première couche d'alimentation (7) et une deuxième couche d'alimentation (9), ces deux dernières (7, 9) étant reliées au niveau d'une extrémité côté chambre de combustion (6) de l'élément chauffant (5) par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de liaison (8). La première couche d'alimentation (7) et la deuxième couche d'alimentation (9) ainsi que l'élément de liaison (8) sont constitués d'un matériau céramique électroconducteur, tandis que la couche isolante (11) est constituée d'un matériau céramique électriquement isolant. L'élément de chauffage (5) présente une première électrode de détection de courant ionique (33) et une deuxième électrode de détection de courant ionique (33') qui sont incorporées dans la couche isolante (11) ou placées sur cette dernière (11).

Claims (14)

  1. Bougie crayon de préchauffage à détecteur de courant ionique comportant une enveloppe (3) et un élément chauffant (5) en forme de crayon disposé dans une cavité concentrique de l'enveloppe, l'élément chauffant (5) présentant au moins une couche isolante (11) ainsi qu'une première couche conductrice (7) et une seconde couche conductrice (9), la première couche conductrice (7) et la seconde couche conductrice (9) étant reliées à l'extrémité disposée du côté de la chambre de combustion (6) de l'élément chauffant (5) par une surface (8), les première couche conductrice et seconde couche conductrice (7, 9) et la surface (8) se composant d'un matériau céramique électroconducteur et la couche isolante (11) se composant d'un matériau céramique électro-isolant,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'élément chauffant (5) présente une première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et une seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33'), lesquelles sont intégrées dans la couche isolante (11) ou bien appliquées sur la couche isolante (11).
  2. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33') se composent d'un matériau métallique, de préférence de platine.
  3. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33') se composent d'un matériau céramique électroconducteur.
  4. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    une première connexion électrique (15) et une seconde connexion électrique (17) sont prévues à l'extrémité opposée à la chambre de combustion de l'élément chauffant (6), la première connexion électrique (15) étant reliée à l'extrémité opposée à la chambre de combustion de la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et la seconde connexion électrique (17) étant reliée à l'extrémité opposée à la chambre de combustion de la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33').
  5. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la liaison existant entre la seconde couche conductrice (9) et la masse se produit par le biais de l'enveloppe (3) et du joint d'étanchéité de la chambre de combustion (13).
  6. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    une bague d'écartement (27) tubulaire réalisée dans un matériau électro-isolant est disposée au niveau de l'extrémité opposée à la chambre de combustion de l'élément chauffant (6), à l'intérieur de la cavité concentrique de l'enveloppe (3).
  7. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la couche isolante (11), la première couche conductrice (7), la surface (8) et la seconde couche conductrice (9) se composent de structures composites céramiques, lesquelles résultent d'un processus de frittage à une ou plusieurs étapes mettant en oeuvre au moins deux des composés suivants : Al2O3, MoSi2, Si3N4 et Y2O3.
  8. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la couche isolante (11), la première couche conductrice (7), la surface (8) et la seconde couche conductrice (9) se composent de céramique composite à précurseur pour laquelle le matériau matriciel comprend des polysiloxanes, des polysilsequioxanes, des polysilanes ou des polysilazanes, lesquels peuvent être dopés au bore, à l'azote ou à l'aluminium et ont été produits par pyrolyse, l'agent de charge comprenant au moins un des composés suivants : Al2O3, MoSi2, SiO2 et SiC.
  9. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33') se composent de structures composites céramiques, lesquelles résultent d'un processus de frittage à une ou plusieurs étapes mettant en oeuvre au moins deux des composés suivants : Al2O3, MoSi2, S13N4 et Y2O3.
  10. Bougie crayon de préchauffage selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33') se composent de céramique composite à précurseur pour laquelle le matériau matriciel comprend des polysiloxanes, des polysilsequioxanes, des polysilanes ou des polysilazanes, lesquels peuvent être dopés au bore, à l'azote ou à l'aluminium et ont été produits par pyrolyse, l'agent de charge comprenant au moins un des composés suivants : Al2O3, MoSi2, SiO2 et SiC.
  11. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une bougie crayon de préchauffage à détecteur de courant ionique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    durant une phase de préchauffage, une tension électrique est appliquée uniquement aux première et seconde couches conductrices (7, 9) puis, à l'issue de la phase de préchauffage, une tension électrique est appliquée uniquement à la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et à la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33').
  12. Procédé pour faire fonctionner une bougie crayon de préchauffage à détecteur de courant ionique selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    durant la phase de préchauffage, une tension électrique est appliquée aussi bien aux première et seconde couches conductrices (7, 9) qu'à la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et à la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33').
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une tension de potentiel identique est appliquée à la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et à la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33').
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    une tension de potentiel différent est appliquée à la première électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33) et à la seconde électrode servant à la saisie du courant ionique (33').
EP01935973A 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie Expired - Lifetime EP1299676B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10031894 2000-06-30
DE2000131894 DE10031894A1 (de) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Glühstiftkerze mit Ionenstromsensor sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Glühstiftkerze
PCT/DE2001/001472 WO2002002993A1 (fr) 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299676A1 EP1299676A1 (fr) 2003-04-09
EP1299676B1 true EP1299676B1 (fr) 2004-11-24

Family

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EP01935973A Expired - Lifetime EP1299676B1 (fr) 2000-06-30 2001-04-14 Bougie crayon de prechauffage a detecteur de courant ionique et procede pour faire fonctionner une telle bougie

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6921879B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1299676B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004502125A (fr)
DE (1) DE50104623D1 (fr)
HU (1) HU224296B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL352636A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK2662002A3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002002993A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004063750A1 (de) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit integriertem Brennraumdrucksensor
US20060163065A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-07-27 Woodward Governor Company Ion sensors formed with coatings
DE102005029838B4 (de) * 2005-06-27 2019-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
EP2107854B1 (fr) * 2006-05-18 2012-04-11 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Réchauffeur en céramique et bougie de préchauffage
DE102008038485A1 (de) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen
JP6792539B2 (ja) * 2017-10-31 2020-11-25 日本特殊陶業株式会社 流体加熱用のセラミックヒータ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3428371A1 (de) 1984-08-01 1986-02-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zur messung und regelung von betriebsdaten von verbrennungsmotoren
US6483079B2 (en) * 1996-04-10 2002-11-19 Denso Corporation Glow plug and method of manufacturing the same, and ion current detector
JP3605965B2 (ja) 1996-09-12 2004-12-22 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ
US6144015A (en) 1998-09-25 2000-11-07 General Motors Corporation Glow sensor--ceramic flat plate

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Publication number Publication date
DE50104623D1 (de) 2004-12-30
US20030010766A1 (en) 2003-01-16
WO2002002993A1 (fr) 2002-01-10
HUP0202303A2 (en) 2002-12-28
SK2662002A3 (en) 2002-10-08
US6921879B2 (en) 2005-07-26
PL352636A1 (en) 2003-09-08
HU224296B1 (hu) 2005-07-28
JP2004502125A (ja) 2004-01-22
EP1299676A1 (fr) 2003-04-09

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