EP1298290A1 - Vorrichtung zur Abgasbehandlung einer Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Abgasbehandlung einer Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1298290A1
EP1298290A1 EP02292327A EP02292327A EP1298290A1 EP 1298290 A1 EP1298290 A1 EP 1298290A1 EP 02292327 A EP02292327 A EP 02292327A EP 02292327 A EP02292327 A EP 02292327A EP 1298290 A1 EP1298290 A1 EP 1298290A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anode
treatment
exhaust
treatment system
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02292327A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1298290B1 (de
Inventor
Sabine Calvo
Yvane Lendresse
Pascal Boubert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS, Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP1298290A1 publication Critical patent/EP1298290A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1298290B1 publication Critical patent/EP1298290B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/0275—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using electric discharge means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas treatment system. combustion engine exhaust.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a system of exhaust gas treatment of a combustion engine, type which has a processing element arranged in a exhaust line and a landfill production system high voltage and low current, between at least a cathode and an anode which are arranged in the line exhaust.
  • Diesel and petrol engines emit substances pollutants such as unburnt hydrocarbons, oxides nitrogen, carbon oxides and particles in the case of diesel engines.
  • pollutants such as unburnt hydrocarbons, oxides nitrogen, carbon oxides and particles in the case of diesel engines.
  • one of the major concerns OEMs and vehicle manufacturers automobiles is the reduction of pollution caused by the operation of these engines.
  • the control of gaseous pollutant emissions can be obtained by introduction into the exhaust line of specific catalysts, such as the three-way catalyst for petrol engines running on stoichiometry or the nitrogen oxide trap for Direct Injection engines Petrol or diesel running on a lean mixture (content of high oxygen).
  • specific catalysts such as the three-way catalyst for petrol engines running on stoichiometry or the nitrogen oxide trap for Direct Injection engines Petrol or diesel running on a lean mixture (content of high oxygen).
  • the reducing agents are unburnt hydrocarbons accessible in exhaust gases, unlike SCR catalysis using an external reducing agent, such as example urea.
  • Particle treatment on current diesel engines is possible thanks to the introduction into the exhaust line of these engines of a particulate filter as already proposed in the state of the art. These are often suitable for trapping particles or "soot" contained in the exhaust gases of these engines and burn them during a regeneration phase of the filtered.
  • Different regeneration strategies are available in literature, referring for example to the post injection of fuel to reach the soot combustion temperature (600 ° C minimum) or for example to additional means heater placed upstream of the particulate filter.
  • the present invention proposes the use of the non-thermal plasma technology in a material catalytic and / or filtering to help the treatment of pollutants gas contained in a gasoline engine exhaust or diesel, among others the nitrogen oxides reduction catalysis, and / or to induce the combustion of soot trapped in a filter placed in a gasoline or diesel engine exhaust line.
  • This technology consists of forming species metastables, radicals and highly reactive ions by collision between the gas molecules and the energetic electrons produced by electric shocks, and this without raising the temperature of the reaction medium.
  • Metastable, radical and strongly electron species energy products are promoters of reduction chemical, for example nitrogen oxides and particles of soot, by direct interactions of these very long-lived species short with pollutants.
  • the invention therefore provides a gas treatment system exhaust of a combustion engine, of the type comprising a processing element arranged in an exhaust line and a system for producing high electrical discharges voltage and low intensity, between at least one cathode and one anode arranged in the exhaust line, to form chemical species favorable to the regeneration of the element of treatment, characterized in that the anode extends into the element processing in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of flow of exhaust gases in the line exhaust, and in that at least one cathode is arranged at less partially at the periphery of the processing element in a direction substantially parallel to that of the anode.
  • the description which follows is given, without limitation, in reference to a treatment system 10 which includes a filter particles.
  • the particle filter can be replaced by a catalyst such as a reduction of nitrogen oxides.
  • FIG. 1 shows a processing system 10 of the exhaust gases G of a combustion engine 12.
  • the engine 12 can in particular be a diesel engine or a gasoline operating in a lean mixture such as a gasoline with direct injection.
  • An exhaust line 14 allows the evacuation of gases G from the engine to the atmosphere.
  • the processing system 10 intended to purify the exhaust gases G is interposed in line 14. It mainly consists of a processing element 16 arranged in a room 18.
  • the processing system 10 also includes a system 20 for producing electric shocks.
  • Electric shocks are produced by a pulse generator 26 between an anode 22 and a cathode 24 arranged in the exhaust line 14.
  • the technology used is that of plasmas not thermal.
  • electric shocks are produced at a frequency that can range from a single shot to several ten kHz for a high applied voltage (up to several tens of kV) between the anode (s) and the cathode (s) and consist in high current pulses (up to several kA) and short service life.
  • Electric shocks are produced so that they propagate in exhaust gases G to treat nitrogen oxides and produce oxidative activated species promoting the combustion of particles.
  • the anode 22 extends in the processing element 16 in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of flow of the exhaust gases G in the exhaust line 14.
  • at least one cathode 24 is arranged at the periphery of the processing element 16 according to a direction substantially parallel to that of the anode.
  • the pulse generator 26 supplies the anode 22, located inside the treatment element 16, under the high voltage, and the cathode 24, arranged at the periphery of the processing element 16, being connected to the electrical ground of the system.
  • Figure 2 shows in section a first mode of realization of the invention.
  • Chamber 18 is here substantially cylindrical, the axis of which longitudinal corresponds to the general direction of flow exhaust gases G in line 14.
  • the processing element 16 which is here a filtering element also called particle trap, consists of inlet channels 17O and outlet 17B longitudinal which are alternately plugged and open at the input and which are inversely open and plugged in output respectively.
  • the walls of the canals are porous.
  • the exhaust gases G re-enter the channels 17O which are open at the entrance and pass through the porous walls so as to come out through the channels 17B which are open at the outlet. As they pass through the walls, the particles are retained way that the exhaust gases coming out of the element of processing 16 are free of particles.
  • the anode 22 extends in the treatment element 16 according to a direction substantially parallel to the flow direction of exhaust gas G.
  • Anode 22 here consists of a conductive wire which extends longitudinally to the processing element 16.
  • Cathode 24 which is tubular in shape the processing element 16.
  • the system formed by the processing element 16, the anode 22 and the cathode 24 is symmetrical.
  • the processing element 16 When the processing element 16 is saturated, that is to say the quantity of particles stored is greater than a threshold predetermined, its regeneration is initiated.
  • the loading of the particulate filter 16 can be determined by a differential pressure measurement sensor, not shown, which provides the value of the pressure drop produced by the particulate filter 16 between the inlet and the outlet of the chamber 18. When the value of the pressure drop is greater than one predetermined value, this means that the filter 16 is saturated, its regeneration is then initiated.
  • the generator of pulses 26 produces electrical discharges which are homogeneously distributed in the processing element 16.
  • the homogeneous distribution of discharges in the treatment element 16 is mainly due to the symmetry of the system formed by the processing element 16, the anode 22 and the cathode 24
  • a strip of wool thermal 25 can be arranged between the inner wall of the chamber 18 and cathode 24.
  • the thermal wool band 25 allows a mechanical decoupling between the wall of the chamber 18 and the processing element 16. In addition, it provides insulation treatment element 16 so as to limit the temperature of the external face of the wall of the chamber 18, and at favor the rise in temperature inside the element of treatment, which further facilitates the regeneration of the treatment.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a second mode of preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the chamber 18 of the treatment receives a reactor 30 consisting of two hulls upper and lower 32, 34 in which is arranged the processing element 16 of generally parallelepiped shape.
  • the casing 18 makes it possible to tightly connect the reactor 30 at exhaust line 14.
  • the processing element 16 consists of two blocks upper and lower 36, 38 which are symmetrical with respect to a median horizontal plane P of the reactor 30.
  • the anode 22 is here constituted by a network of wires conductors 40 parallel to each other which may be made of steel stainless.
  • the network of conductive wires 40 extends between the two blocks 36 and 38 in the median horizontal plane P which is parallel to the direction of the exhaust gas flow G in the line 14.
  • the conductive wires are interconnected by two strips 41 of conductive material which extend longitudinally on both sides on side faces of the element 16.
  • the bars 41 allow on the one hand to stretch the wires 40 between the upper and lower blocks 36, 38 and the other share to form two food elements common to all son 40.
  • the conducting wires 40 may be perpendicular to the direction of the exhaust gas flow G, in accordance in Figure 3.
  • they can also be oriented differently, especially in a direction parallel to the direction of flow of exhaust gases G.
  • the anode 22 can be constituted by a plate of conductive material.
  • a first cathode 24 is interposed between the upper wall 42 of the upper block 36 and the inner wall of the upper shell 32.
  • a second cathode 24 is interposed between the lower wall 44 of the lower block 38 and the wall inside of the lower shell 34.
  • Cathodes 24 consist of a material plate conductor which can be made of stainless steel.
  • first and second cathodes 24 extend each in a plane parallel to that of the plane of the wires conductors 40 forming the anode 22.
  • Each upper 36 and lower 38 block is interposed between anode 22 and the first and second cathode 24.
  • the system formed by the cathodes 24 and the blocks 36, 38 of the processing element 16 are symmetrical with respect to the median horizontal plane P containing the anode 22.
  • the electric shocks caused by the pulse generator 26 occur simultaneously between the anode 22 and each of the first and second cathodes 24.
  • the casing 18, which allows sealing connection the reactor 30 at the exhaust line 14, also makes it possible to maintain the two upper 36 and lower 38 blocks of the reactor 30.
  • the envelope 18 must allow the passage of the conductors electrics to connect the anode 22 and the cathodes 24 to the pulse generator 26.
  • isolated holes electrically are made in its wall so that conductive elements connect the anode 22 and the cathodes 24 to the pulse generator 26 respectively.
  • the conductive elements may be strips in copper 50 and 52, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the envelope 18 makes it possible to form a Faraday cage of so as to limit the electromagnetic disturbances produced by the processing system 10.
  • thermal wool strips 25 can be disposed between the cathodes 24 and the upper blocks 36 and lower 38 of the processing element 16.
  • upper 32 and lower 34 must have very low electrical conductivity due to the presence of the electrodes 22, 24 so as to reduce the maximum risk of short circuits. In addition, this material must be able to withstand high temperatures. Therefore, upper 32 and lower 34 shells can be made in ceramic or with a ceramic coating.
  • the invention proposes in accordance with FIG. 4 that the system of treatment 10 is made up of a stack of processing 16.
  • the system of treatment 10 is made up of a stack of processing 16.
  • two processing elements 16 are stacked.
  • the two elements have a common cathode 54.
  • Such an implementation makes it possible to adapt the capacity of treatment of system 10 depending on the vehicle on which it is mounted and the amount of pollutants to be treated, from of a single model of processing element 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP02292327A 2001-10-01 2002-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Abgasbehandlung einer Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP1298290B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0112580 2001-10-01
FR0112580A FR2830275B1 (fr) 2001-10-01 2001-10-01 Systeme de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1298290A1 true EP1298290A1 (de) 2003-04-02
EP1298290B1 EP1298290B1 (de) 2006-04-12

Family

ID=8867778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02292327A Expired - Lifetime EP1298290B1 (de) 2001-10-01 2002-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Abgasbehandlung einer Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1298290B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE323220T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60210557T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2262768T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2830275B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508677A1 (de) * 2003-08-19 2005-02-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Abgasreinigungsanlage
CN110671171A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-10 中船动力研究院有限公司 一种尾气颗粒物捕集装置、发动机及方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862084B1 (fr) 2003-11-10 2007-06-01 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de purification des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique de vehicule automobile et ligne d'echappement comportant un tel systeme.
FR2867510B1 (fr) 2004-03-11 2006-10-20 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de purification des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur thermique de vehicule automobile et ligne d'echappement comportant un tel systeme
JP4525748B2 (ja) * 2007-12-20 2010-08-18 株式会社豊田自動織機 排気ガス処理装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999043419A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Aea Technology Plc A component for gas treatment
WO2001004467A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-18 Perkins Engines Company Limited Autoselective regenerating particulate filter
WO2001034281A1 (de) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Fleck Carl M Filteranordnung zum abscheiden von russpartikel aus einem abgasstrom

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4695358A (en) * 1985-11-08 1987-09-22 Florida State University Method of removing SO2, NOX and particles from gas mixtures using streamer corona
AU6181496A (en) * 1995-07-06 1997-02-05 Carl Maria Fleck Soot filter, in particular for diesel engine exhaust gases
US5914015A (en) * 1996-07-15 1999-06-22 Battelle Memorial Institute Method and apparatus for processing exhaust gas with corona discharge
JP2001087620A (ja) * 1999-09-27 2001-04-03 Ngk Insulators Ltd 物質処理方法および装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999043419A1 (en) * 1998-02-25 1999-09-02 Aea Technology Plc A component for gas treatment
WO2001004467A1 (en) * 1999-07-12 2001-01-18 Perkins Engines Company Limited Autoselective regenerating particulate filter
WO2001034281A1 (de) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Fleck Carl M Filteranordnung zum abscheiden von russpartikel aus einem abgasstrom

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"PLASMA EXHAUST TREATMENT", DIESELNET TECHNOLOGY GUIDE, XX, XX, 1999, pages 1 - 7, XP000826895 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1508677A1 (de) * 2003-08-19 2005-02-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Abgasreinigungsanlage
CN110671171A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-10 中船动力研究院有限公司 一种尾气颗粒物捕集装置、发动机及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60210557D1 (de) 2006-05-24
EP1298290B1 (de) 2006-04-12
ES2262768T3 (es) 2006-12-01
FR2830275A1 (fr) 2003-04-04
ATE323220T1 (de) 2006-04-15
DE60210557T2 (de) 2007-04-05
FR2830275B1 (fr) 2004-06-11

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