EP1293630B1 - Magnetic closure - Google Patents
Magnetic closure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1293630B1 EP1293630B1 EP02090316A EP02090316A EP1293630B1 EP 1293630 B1 EP1293630 B1 EP 1293630B1 EP 02090316 A EP02090316 A EP 02090316A EP 02090316 A EP02090316 A EP 02090316A EP 1293630 B1 EP1293630 B1 EP 1293630B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- shaft
- magnetic
- lock according
- magnetic lock
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C19/00—Other devices specially designed for securing wings, e.g. with suction cups
- E05C19/16—Devices holding the wing by magnetic or electromagnetic attraction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a magnetic closure, in particular for use as a furniture and housing fitting, with a consisting of a plastic, generally shaft-shaped housing with at least one held in this permanent magnet and optionally with a counterpart, according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4.
- the doors of furniture and housings are increasingly closed not with lock and key, but with magnetic systems.
- opening and closing eliminates the need to turn a key.
- you open a door with magnetic lock the door must be solved only with little effort from its magnetic lock and then swung open in a known manner.
- To close the door is pivoted in the closed position.
- the closing movement ends with heavy noise when striking the counterpart on the permanent magnet.
- the Maagnetsysteme used for this purpose are also called Magnetschnäpper.
- the permanent magnet systems consisting of two steel pole plates with intermediate permanent magnet, held in an open housing or are exposed and are thus visible.
- US 2 987 338 A shows a magnetic door lock in which the magnet is located in a housing and metallic pole pieces are arranged on its opposite side of the counterpart. When closing the door, the counterpart and the pole pieces hit each other with noise.
- FR 1 273 435 A discloses a magnetic door lock in which a cylindrical magnet is enclosed by elements also of cylindrical shape made of soft iron or other high permeability metal. Their faces protrude slightly out of the door lock. When the door is closed, they strike the counterpart with noise.
- the invention has the object, a magnetic closure in such a way that the magnetic attraction increases more slowly during the last part of the closing movement or slows down when opening than in the prior art.
- the noise generated when the permanent magnet or the magnetic part impinges on the counterpart should be reduced or even avoided.
- the appearance should be improved.
- Permanent magnets made of a high-energy magnetic substance with attractive forces which are significantly higher than those of conventional hard ferrite-based permanent magnets, have been on the market for some time.
- the high magnetic attraction also on removal of these high-energy magnetic material existing permanent magnets allows their application in a closed by a head shaft or in an open at his working end and there provided with a collar shaft.
- the permanent magnet completely covering the head and the view of the permanent magnet restricting collar in addition to the desired good appearance.
- the high magnetic attraction even at a distance leaves the larger distance to the counterpart resulting from the head or the collar and remains so great that it becomes sufficiently effective.
- the larger end distance between the permanent magnet and counterpart even in the closed position leads to a gradual increase and decrease in the closing force during the last part of the route. This and the elasticity of the material forming the head and the collar virtually dampens the noise to zero.
- the desired objectives are thus achieved with both embodiments of the invention.
- this has a flat end face or has a lens shape.
- the permanent magnet is inserted with some tension in the open end of the shaft and held at the working end by the head.
- a ring is inserted in this end. The permanent magnet is applied to this ring and is thereby held in its desired position.
- the collar is expedient axially slightly before.
- the desired greater distance to the counterpart is achieved.
- an axially projecting collar impedes the unwanted view of the free end of the permanent magnet.
- the inventive permanent magnet consisting of a high-energy magnetic material contains a rare earth metal.
- This is neodymium, which is expediently present as Nd 2 Fe 24 B, in the form of a neodymium iron boron compound.
- the shaft may be axially slotted at two opposite locations to form spreader slots. This facilitates its insertion into holes in doors.
- the elasticity of the plastic forming the shaft leads to a widening of the shaft in the bore and favors its secure hold.
- Fig. 1 shows a magnetic closure without a counterpart with a shaft 12, the cavity 14 and the inserted therein in the permanent magnet 16.
- the cavity 14 is closed at its working end by the head 18.
- This sits on a neck 20 and has a curved, lens-shaped top 22. Ridges 24 sit on the shank. Because of their elasticity, they facilitate insertion into the bore of a door.
- Fig. 2 shows the same embodiment in the side view, in addition to two spreader slots 26. These are offset by 180 ° in the shaft 12 opposite.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment similar to the embodiment according to FIG. 1. However, the head 18 has a planar upper side 22.
- Fig. 4 shows the second embodiment with open working end of the shaft 12. This embodiment has a neck 20 enclosing the collar 28 on. Axial is this something. In the open end of the shaft 12 is further a ring 30. This holds the permanent magnet 16 in its desired position.
- FIG. 5 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in addition to the counterpart 32.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment with a head 18 similar to that according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but with a planar upper side 22. Instead of a counterpart 32, a shaft 12 with a permanent magnet 16 is opposed by a further shaft 12, likewise with a permanent magnet 16.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Magnetverschluß, insbesondere zur Verwendung als Möbel- und Gehäusebeschlag, mit einem aus einem Kunststoff bestehenden, im allgemeinen schaftförmigen Gehäuse mit mindestens einem in diesem gehaltenen Permanentmagnet und gegebenenfalls mit einem Gegenstück, gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Ansprüche 1 und 4.The invention relates to a magnetic closure, in particular for use as a furniture and housing fitting, with a consisting of a plastic, generally shaft-shaped housing with at least one held in this permanent magnet and optionally with a counterpart, according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4.
Die Türen von Möbeln und Gehäusen, dies gilt insbesondere für die Türen von Badezimmerschränken und Fotokopierergehäusen, werden in zunehmendem Maß nicht mit Schloß und Schlüssel, sondern mit Magnetsystemen verschlossen. Beim Öffnen und Schließen erübrigt dies das Drehen eines Schlüssels. Beim Öffnen einer Tür mit Magnetverschluß muß die Tür lediglich mit geringem Kraftaufwand aus ihrer magnetischen Verriegelung gelöst und dann in bekannter Weise aufgeschwenkt werden. Zum Schließen wird die Tür in Schließstellung geschwenkt. Die Schließbewegung endet unter starker Geräuschbildung beim Anschlagen des Gegenstücks auf dem Permanentmagnet. Wegen der Fangwirkung am Ende des Schließweges unter starker Geräuschbildung werden die hierfür verwendeten Maagnetsysteme auch Magnetschnäpper genannt. Beim Stand der Technik werden die Permanentmagnetsysteme, bestehend aus zwei Stahl-Polplatten mit zwischenliegendem Permanentmagnet, in einem offenen Gehäuse gehalten oder liegen frei und sind damit sichtbar. Auch die Stahl-Gegenstücke liegen frei und sind als solche erkennbar. Zum Unterdrücken dieses von vielen Benutzern als häßlich empfundenen Aussehens werden Magnete bei hochwertigen Möbeln mit einem Furnier überzogen oder mit Spachtel abgedeckt. In der Serienfertigung scheidet ein Überfurnieren wegen der Schwierigkeit dieses Verfahrens sowie der damit verbundenen Kosten aus. Zum Erhalten einer ausreichend hohen Magnet- bzw. Schließkraft muß das Furnier oder die Spachtelschicht sehr dünn gehalten werden. Nur dann kommt die Magnetkraft im letzten Bereich der Schließbewegung noch ausreichend zur Wirkung. Deshalb sind auch diese abgedeckten Maagnete ebenso wie die nicht abgedeckten Magnete mit dem Nachteil behaftet, daß ihre Wirkung unter Geräuschbildung endet.The doors of furniture and housings, this applies in particular to the doors of bathroom cabinets and photocopier housings, are increasingly closed not with lock and key, but with magnetic systems. When opening and closing this eliminates the need to turn a key. When you open a door with magnetic lock the door must be solved only with little effort from its magnetic lock and then swung open in a known manner. To close the door is pivoted in the closed position. The closing movement ends with heavy noise when striking the counterpart on the permanent magnet. Because of the catching effect at the end of the closing path with strong noise, the Maagnetsysteme used for this purpose are also called Magnetschnäpper. In the prior art, the permanent magnet systems, consisting of two steel pole plates with intermediate permanent magnet, held in an open housing or are exposed and are thus visible. The steel counterparts are also free and recognizable as such. To suppress this appearance, which many users find ugly, magnets are covered with veneer or covered with a spatula in high-quality furniture. In series production overfurning is ruled out because of the difficulty of this process and the associated costs. To obtain a sufficiently high magnetic or closing force, the veneer or the filler layer must be very thin being held. Only then does the magnetic force in the last area of the closing movement still have sufficient effect. Therefore, these covered magnets as well as the uncovered magnets have the disadvantage that their effect ends with noise.
Die US 2 987 338 A zeigt einen magnetischen Türverschluß, bei dem der Magnet in einem Gehäuse liegt und metallische Polstücke auf dessen dem Gegenstück gegenüberliegenden Seite angeordnet sind. Bei Schließen der Tür schlagen das Gegenstück und die Polstücke unter Geräuschbildung aufeinander. Die FR 1 273 435 A zeigt einen magnetischen Türverschluß, bei der ein zylinderförmiger Magnet von aus Weicheisen oder einem anderen Metall mit hoher Permeabilität bestehenden ebenfalls zylinderförmigen Elementen umschlossen wird. Ihre Stirnseiten ragen etwas aus dem Türverschluß heraus. Bei Schließen der Tür schlagen sie unter Geräuschbildung auf das Gegenstück auf.US 2 987 338 A shows a magnetic door lock in which the magnet is located in a housing and metallic pole pieces are arranged on its opposite side of the counterpart. When closing the door, the counterpart and the pole pieces hit each other with noise. FR 1 273 435 A discloses a magnetic door lock in which a cylindrical magnet is enclosed by elements also of cylindrical shape made of soft iron or other high permeability metal. Their faces protrude slightly out of the door lock. When the door is closed, they strike the counterpart with noise.
Von diesem Stand der Technik ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Magnetverschluß so auszubilden, daß die magnetische Anziehungskraft während des letzten Teils der Schließbewegung langsamer ansteigt bzw. beim Öffnen langsamer abfällt als beim Stand der Technik. Zusätzlich sollen die beim Auftreffen des Permanentmagneten oder des magnetischen Teils auf das Gegenstück entstehenden Geräusche herabgesetzt oder sogar vermieden werden. Weiter soll das Aussehen verbessert werden.Based on this prior art, the invention has the object, a magnetic closure in such a way that the magnetic attraction increases more slowly during the last part of the closing movement or slows down when opening than in the prior art. In addition, the noise generated when the permanent magnet or the magnetic part impinges on the counterpart should be reduced or even avoided. Next, the appearance should be improved.
Die Lösung für diese Aufgabe ergibt sich bei einem Magnetverschluß der eingangs genannten Gattung nach der Erfindung durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 4.The solution to this problem arises in a magnetic closure of the type mentioned according to the invention by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 4.
Permanentmagnete aus einem hochenergetischen Magnetwirkstoff mit Anziehungskräften, die bedeutend über denen herkömmlicher Permanentmagnete auf Hartferrit-Grundlage liegen, sind seit einiger Zeit im Handel. Die hohe magnetische Anziehungskraft auch auf Entfernung dieser aus hochenergetischem Magnetwerkstoff bestehenden Permanentmagnete ermöglicht ihre Anwendung in einem durch einen Kopf verschlossenen Schaft oder in einem an seinem Arbeitsende offenen und dort mit einem Kragen versehenen Schaft. Der den Permanentmagneten vollständig abdeckende Kopf und der den Blick auf den Permanentmagneten einschränkende Kragen führen zusätzlich zu dem erwünschten guten Aussehen. Die hohe magnetische Anziehungskraft auch auf Entfernung läßt den sich durch den Kopf oder den Kragen ergebenden größeren Abstand zum Gegenstück zu und bleibt so groß, daß sie in ausreichendem Maße wirksam wird. Der größere Endabstand zwischen Permanentmagnet und Gegenstück auch in der Schließstellung führt zu einem allmählichen Ansteigen und Abfallen der Schließkraft während des letzten Teiles der Wegstrecke. Dies und die Elastizität des den Kopf und den Kragen bildenden Werkstoffs dämpfen die Geräuschbildung praktisch bis auf den Wert Null. Die angestrebten Ziele werden damit mit beiden erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsformen erreicht.Permanent magnets made of a high-energy magnetic substance with attractive forces, which are significantly higher than those of conventional hard ferrite-based permanent magnets, have been on the market for some time. The high magnetic attraction also on removal of these high-energy magnetic material existing permanent magnets allows their application in a closed by a head shaft or in an open at his working end and there provided with a collar shaft. The permanent magnet completely covering the head and the view of the permanent magnet restricting collar in addition to the desired good appearance. The high magnetic attraction even at a distance leaves the larger distance to the counterpart resulting from the head or the collar and remains so great that it becomes sufficiently effective. The larger end distance between the permanent magnet and counterpart even in the closed position leads to a gradual increase and decrease in the closing force during the last part of the route. This and the elasticity of the material forming the head and the collar virtually dampens the noise to zero. The desired objectives are thus achieved with both embodiments of the invention.
Bei der den Kopf aufweisenden ersten Ausführungsform weist dieser eine ebene Stirnfläche auf oder hat Linsenform. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird der Permanentmagnet mit etwas Spannung in das offene Ende des Schaftes eingeschoben und an dessen Arbeitsende durch den Kopf gehalten. Bei der zweiten Ausführungsform mit offenem Arbeitsende ist ein Ring in dieses Ende eingelegt. Der Permanentmagnet liegt an diesem Ring an und wird dadurch in seiner Sollage gehalten.In the head having the first embodiment, this has a flat end face or has a lens shape. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet is inserted with some tension in the open end of the shaft and held at the working end by the head. In the second embodiment with open working end, a ring is inserted in this end. The permanent magnet is applied to this ring and is thereby held in its desired position.
Bei der zweiten Ausführungsform steht der Kragen zweckmäßig axial etwas vor. Dadurch wird der gewünschte größere Abstand zum Gegenstück erzielt. Weiter erschwert ein axial vorstehender Kragen den unerwünschten Blick auf das freie Ende des Permanentmagneten.In the second embodiment, the collar is expedient axially slightly before. As a result, the desired greater distance to the counterpart is achieved. Furthermore, an axially projecting collar impedes the unwanted view of the free end of the permanent magnet.
Der erfindungsgemäße, aus einem hochenergetischen Magnetwerkstoff bestehende Permanentmagnet enthält ein Seltenerdmetall. Hierbei handelt es sich um Neodym, das zweckmäßig als Nd2Fe24B, in Form einer Neodymeisenborverbindung, vorliegt.The inventive permanent magnet consisting of a high-energy magnetic material contains a rare earth metal. This is neodymium, which is expediently present as Nd 2 Fe 24 B, in the form of a neodymium iron boron compound.
Bei beiden Ausführungsformen kann der Schaft an zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Stellen unter Bildung von Spreizschlitzen axial geschlitzt sein. Dies erleichtert sein Einschieben in Bohrungen in Türen. Die Elastizität des den Schaft bildenden Kunststoffes führt zu einem Aufweiten des Schaftes in der Bohrung und begünstigt seinen sicheren Halt.In both embodiments, the shaft may be axially slotted at two opposite locations to form spreader slots. This facilitates its insertion into holes in doors. The elasticity of the plastic forming the shaft leads to a widening of the shaft in the bore and favors its secure hold.
Am Beispiel der in der Zeichnung gezeigten Ausführungsformen wird die Erfindung nun weiter beschrieben. In der Zeichnung ist:
- Fig. 1
- ein schematischer Längsschnitt durch die erste Ausführungsform mit Kopf,
- Fig. 2
- eine Seitenansicht dieser Ausführungsform, mit Spreizschlitz,
- Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht entsprechend Fig. 2 mit anderer Form des Kopfes und ohne Spreizschlitz im Schaft,
- Fig. 4
- eine Seitenansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, der zweiten Ausführungsform mit an seinem Arbeitsende offenem Schaft und Kragen,
- Fig. 5
- eine Seitenansicht entsprechend Fig. 2 mit Darstellung des Gegenstückes und
- Fig. 6
- eine Seitenansicht von zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Magnetverschlüssen mit ebener Ausbildung der Stirnseiten der Köpfe.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic longitudinal section through the first embodiment with a head,
- Fig. 2
- a side view of this embodiment, with expansion slot,
- Fig. 3
- a side view corresponding to FIG. 2 with a different shape of the head and without Spreizschlitz in the shaft,
- Fig. 4
- a side view, partially in section, of the second embodiment with open at its working shaft and collar,
- Fig. 5
- a side view corresponding to FIG. 2 with representation of the counterpart and
- Fig. 6
- a side view of two opposite magnetic closures with a planar formation of the end faces of the heads.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Magnetverschluß ohne Gegenstück mit einem Schaft 12, dessen Hohlraum 14 und den in diesem eingeschobenen Permanentmagnet 16. Der Hohlraum 14 wird an seinem Arbeitsende durch den Kopf 18 abgeschlossen. Dieser sitzt auf einem Hals 20 auf und weist eine gewölbte, linsenförmige Oberseite 22 auf. Auf dem Schaft sitzen Rippen 24. Wegen ihrer Elastizität erleichtern sie das Einschieben in die Bohrung einer Tür. Fig. 2 zeigt die gleiche Ausführungsform in der Seitenansicht, zusätzlich mit zwei Spreizschlitzen 26. Diese liegen sich um 180° versetzt im Schaft 12 gegenüber. Fig. 3 zeigt eine Ausführungsform ähnlich der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1. Der Kopf 18 weist jedoch eine ebene Oberseite 22 auf. Fig. 4 zeigt die zweite Ausführungsform mit offenem Arbeitsende des Schaftes 12. Diese Ausführungsform weist einen den Hals 20 umschließender Kragen 28 auf. Axial steht dieser etwas vor. Im offenen Ende des Schaftes 12 liegt weiter ein Ring 30. Dieser hält den Permanentmagneten 16 in seiner Solllage.Fig. 1 shows a magnetic closure without a counterpart with a
Fig. 5 zeigt die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2, zusätzlich mit dem Gegenstück 32.FIG. 5 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in addition to the
Fig. 6 zeigt eine Ausführungsform mit einem Kopf 18 ähnlich dem nach den Figuren 1 und 2, jedoch mit ebener Oberseite 22. Statt eines Gegenstücks 32 liegt einem Schaft 12 mit einem Permanentmagneten 16 ein weiterer Schaft 12, ebenfalls mit einem Permanentmagneten 16, gegenüber.FIG. 6 shows an embodiment with a
Claims (11)
- A magnetic lock, particularly for use as a furniture and housing fitting, with a generally shaft-shaped, plastic housing holding at least one permanent magnet and with a counterpart, wherein the permanent magnet (16) is made from a high-energy magnetic material and the shaft (12) is closed at its working end by a head (18) made from a flexible material, characterised in that the closed head (18) produces a final gap between the permanent magnet (16) and the counterpart (32) stopped by the head (18) in the on-position.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 1, characterised in that the head (18) has a flat abutting face.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 1, characterised in that the head (18) is lenticular.
- The magnetic lock, particularly for use as a furniture and housing fitting, with a shaft-shaped, plastic housing holding at least one permanent magnet and with a counterpart, wherein the permanent magnet (16) is made from a high-energy magnetic material, the shaft (12) is open at its working end and has a collar (28) made from a flexible material, characterised in that the collar (28) produces a final gap between the permanent magnet (16) and the counterpart (32) stopped by the collar (28) in the on-position.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 4, characterised in that a ring (30) is inserted in the open end of the shaft (12) and the permanent magnet (16) rests against and is held by this.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 4, characterised in that the collar (28) projects axially.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 1 to 6, characterised in that the magnetic material contains a rare earth metal.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 7, characterised in that the magnetic material contains neodymium.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 8, characterised in that the magnetic material contains a neodymium iron boron compound Nd2Fe24B.
- The magnetic lock according to claim 1 or 4, characterised in that the shaft (12) is slit axially at two opposite points, producing splayed slits (26).
- The magnetic lock according to claim 1 or 4, characterised in that the shaft (12) has a ring (30) at its working end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE20115046U | 2001-09-12 | ||
DE20115046U DE20115046U1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2001-09-12 | Magnetverschluß |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1293630A1 EP1293630A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
EP1293630B1 true EP1293630B1 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
Family
ID=7961615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02090316A Expired - Lifetime EP1293630B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2002-09-04 | Magnetic closure |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1293630B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE353115T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE20115046U1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2280485T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202008013395U1 (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-03-25 | Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg | Endlagenpositioniereinrichtung |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2987338A (en) * | 1958-03-03 | 1961-06-06 | Nat Lock Co | Magnetic door catch |
FR1273435A (en) * | 1960-08-31 | 1961-10-13 | Improvements to permanent magnet devices such as magnetic locks and the like | |
FR1298999A (en) * | 1961-06-06 | 1962-07-20 | Improvements to magnetic closures |
-
2001
- 2001-09-12 DE DE20115046U patent/DE20115046U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-09-04 DE DE50209403T patent/DE50209403D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-04 AT AT02090316T patent/ATE353115T1/en active
- 2002-09-04 EP EP02090316A patent/EP1293630B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-04 ES ES02090316T patent/ES2280485T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1293630A1 (en) | 2003-03-19 |
ATE353115T1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
ES2280485T3 (en) | 2007-09-16 |
DE50209403D1 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
DE20115046U1 (en) | 2003-02-06 |
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