EP1293597B1 - Dispositif de chauffage pour machine à laver - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage pour machine à laver Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1293597B1
EP1293597B1 EP02020582A EP02020582A EP1293597B1 EP 1293597 B1 EP1293597 B1 EP 1293597B1 EP 02020582 A EP02020582 A EP 02020582A EP 02020582 A EP02020582 A EP 02020582A EP 1293597 B1 EP1293597 B1 EP 1293597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating device
resistance heating
heating element
medium
flat element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02020582A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1293597A3 (fr
EP1293597A2 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Neumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bleckmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Bleckmann GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bleckmann GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Bleckmann GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1293597A2 publication Critical patent/EP1293597A2/fr
Publication of EP1293597A3 publication Critical patent/EP1293597A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1293597B1 publication Critical patent/EP1293597B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/04—Heating arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42—Details
    • A47L15/4285—Water-heater arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating device according to the preamble of claim 1 ( US-A-5 155 800 ).
  • a laundry washing machine in which a tubular heater is arranged in the lower region of the tub, which is also provided with at least one thermostat for controlling the temperature. Due to the design of this heater with a relatively large diameter having a jacket tube a significant minimum level for the wash water is necessary so that the tubular heater is completely surrounded by water and burning through is prevented. However, such a high minimum level runs counter to the above-mentioned requirement for energy saving. In addition, fibers are released from the laundry during the washing process, which preferably accumulate in the lower region of the tub. The tubular heater arranged therein represents a considerable flow obstacle on which such fibers prefer to settle.
  • the US 3,974,360 an integrated electric heater open in which are glued under a ceramic plate platinum film heating elements and coated by means of a lead titanate layer.
  • this heating element is not for double-sided use in provided liquid or gaseous media.
  • the invention is based on the object, a cost-producible heating device of the type mentioned in such a way that allows a simple design of the heater heating of the medium with high efficiency.
  • the heating device according to the invention has a planar outer contour for heating a liquid or gaseous medium in order to be in contact with the largest possible area to the medium.
  • the heating device according to the invention is almost completely in direct contact with its outer surface with the medium to be heated.
  • the heating device comprises a surface element and at least one electrical resistance heating element for converting electrical energy into heat with at least two electrical connections.
  • a highly thermally conductive material is used, which on the other hand is resistant to corrosive media.
  • the surface element may consist of sheet metal, preferably stainless steel or aluminum, but also of a suitable electrically insulating material.
  • the electrically insulated at least one resistance heating element is applied on this surface element.
  • the electrical resistance heating element expands in its geometry substantially in one plane and is electrically insulated at least on one side of the surface element and applied densely to the medium.
  • the electrical insulation of the resistance heating element on the surface element facing side consists of a coated insulation layer.
  • This insulating layer may extend over the entire side of the surface element on which the resistance heating element is mounted.
  • the surface element itself may consist of an electrically insulating material, such as ceramic, and thus can be dispensed with an additional insulation of the at least one resistance heating element, which in turn manufacturing material and manufacturing time can be reduced.
  • the resistance heating element is sealed medium-tight on its side facing away from the surface element with an applied electrically insulating protective layer.
  • the protective layer may be applied completely on the side of the planar element on which a resistance heating element is applied, but it may also be limited to the resistance heating element so that it is completely sealed off from the medium.
  • a uniform layer thickness can be achieved on the resistance heating element, whereby the heat transfer resistance is optimized for the medium to be heated, on the other hand also increases the surface that is in contact with the medium to be heated, which in turn promotes heat dissipation , Finally, this saves material, reduces the total weight and lowered the heat capacity of the heater.
  • thermal conductivities in the range of 1 to 50 W / mK are achieved by the protective or insulating layer which is arranged between the electrical heating element and the medium to be heated.
  • the insulation or protective layer can of course also be composed of several layers, each of which fulfills one of the functions "electrically isolating” and “sealing off against the medium to be heated”.
  • a final refining layer can also be provided on the outer surface of the heating device, which has, for example, non-stick properties.
  • a Teflon coating is used.
  • the high-voltage resistance is at least 1250VAC for protection class I or 3750VAC for protection class II and with regard to the maximum permissible leakage current for protection class I maximum 0.75mA or for protection class II maximum 0.25mA are permitted.
  • a chemical resistance is achieved with respect to the pH of the washing solutions used from 5 to 10, since the rinsing agents used, in particular by the use of acids in rinse aids, the PH value can also move into the acidic region.
  • the heating device Since the electrically insulating materials used for the protective layer of the heating device according to the invention also have a high surface hardness or mechanical stability, the heating device is also resistant to abrasion effects due to e.g. from the zeolites contained in the washing solutions for water softening.
  • At least one temperature-detecting element having electrical connections can furthermore be arranged inside the jacket or together with the resistance-heating element in the protective layer be arranged.
  • the terminals of the temperature detection element are also arranged in the connection area and can be contacted from the outside.
  • the temperature sensing element can also serve to control and / or thermal monitoring and protection of the resistance heating element. Basically, however, it is also possible to perform the function of monitoring the medium to be heated and the thermal monitoring and protection of the resistance heating element by two or more different elements.
  • the temperature sensing element may be formed, for example, by the application of thermistor pastes, e.g. NTC or PTC pastes are realized, which is applied, for example by screen printing technique in addition to the resistance heating element on the surface element. It is also possible to use thermistor pills, for example NTC or PTC pills. Furthermore, the temperature sensing element may be implemented in the form of a printed thermocouple.
  • thermistor pastes e.g. NTC or PTC pastes are realized, which is applied, for example by screen printing technique in addition to the resistance heating element on the surface element.
  • thermistor pills for example NTC or PTC pills.
  • the temperature sensing element may be implemented in the form of a printed thermocouple.
  • the electrical connections of the at least one resistance heating element are arranged and can be contacted from the outside, it is avoided that during manufacture, assembly and / or storage of the Heating device according to the invention, the electrical connections of the resistance heating element can be damaged.
  • the heating device according to the invention has no over its outer peripheral contour beyond protruding elements that require special protection or packaging. Since the electrical connections must be made of electrically good conductive material and thus are expensive, the solution according to the invention makes it possible to produce this material-saving.
  • connection region of the heating device In order to enable electrical contacting of the at least one resistance heating element and the possibly present at least one temperature element in the connection region of the heating device according to the invention in a simple manner, it can further be provided that in the connection region for the electrical connections of the at least one resistance heating element and the possibly existing at least one temperature detection element is provided at least one connection recess in the protective layer. In order to ensure the contact of the at least one heating element and optionally present at least one temperature sensing element safely, it is also advantageous if for each electrical connection the heating element and the optionally present temperature detection element is provided in each case a connection recess.
  • connection recesses may be provided which are provided in the protective layer at different locations on the surface element.
  • the connection recesses in the protective layer can be released during the application of the protective layer, for example by screen printing, but also be exposed later by a removal process.
  • one or more connecting recesses may be provided in the region of a peripheral edge of the planar element, preferably on the peripheral edge itself or in the middle region of one side.
  • a combination of these two arrangement points is possible.
  • a "cold zone” is created in the connection region of the heating device according to the invention, i. a zone where almost no heat is emitted.
  • At least one heating element materials are preferred which have a high electrical resistance. These may be, for example, heat conductor alloys, such as Cr, Al, Fe, CrNiFe, nickel alloys or resistor pastes, as is customary in thick-film technology. Likewise, a ferro-nickel alloy, a nickel-chromium alloy or graphite can be used for this purpose.
  • thermocouples which can be used as a single element or can also be introduced by means of screen printing technology, can be used.
  • the heating device according to the invention can be used in a variety of devices or machines. So this can be used, for example, in laundry washing machines, dishwashers, dryers, etc. In this case, it is possible to arrange the heater according to the invention with only a slight distance to a wall of a tub. It is also possible to provide due to their planar configuration as part of the wall of the tub.
  • the heating device according to the invention can be used in particular in the heating of a cleaning medium in a washing machine.
  • This washing machine may be a dishwasher or a laundry washing machine.
  • the tubular heating elements used in the prior art have a profile height between 6.5 mm and 8.5 mm. Since the distance to the wall of the washing machine is the same both in the known tubular heaters and in the heater or flat heater according to the invention, is achieved by the lower height that the level of the medium can turn out lower.
  • the minimum level of a cleaning medium is determined by the fact that the heater must be completely enclosed by the cleaning medium in order to prevent the heater from burning through.
  • a further advantageous use of the heating device according to the invention can be achieved in that a plurality of such heaters are arranged in spaced but parallel alignment with each other, wherein the individual heaters are connected to each other via suitable, preferably releasable connecting elements.
  • a heater 10 according to the invention is shown in perspective.
  • the heating device 10 has a rectangular shape, in which in the illustrated embodiment, the ratio between width dimension and length dimension in the range of 1: 1.5 to 1: 8.
  • the thickness of the heater 10 is as it is Fig. 1 shows, much smaller than their width or length.
  • the ratio between thickness and length of the heater may be in the range of 1: 30 to 1: 100.
  • a heating device according to the invention has a thickness or height in the range of 1.5 mm to 6 mm.
  • the heating device 10 consists essentially of a heat-conducting, in particular good heat conducting surface element 22 and an electrically insulated resistor heating element 30 mounted thereon, which is mediumsdicht protected and electrically insulated by means of a protective layer 80 against the medium.
  • the surface element 22 may be a sheet metal part, preferably stainless steel or aluminum, be, but also a suitable electrically insulating material, such as ceramic or glass, is conceivable.
  • the resistance heating element facing sides 22e ( Fig. 2A ) of the surface element 22 is provided with an electrically insulating layer 28.
  • the insulating layer 28 extends over the entire side 22e. It is also conceivable, however, that only at the points to which the resistance material of the heating element 30 is applied, an insulating layer is applied.
  • a suitable electrically insulating material could be used and thus the entire insulation layer 28 omitted.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is arranged on the insulating layer 28.
  • the resistance heating element 30 extends substantially only in a plane in W-shape on the insulating layer 28.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is provided with connecting elements 32, each having a terminal lug 32 b.
  • the terminal lugs 32b due to their significantly larger surface area a much better electrical conductivity than the resistance heating element 30, so that the electric current generates as little heat at this point.
  • the terminal lugs 32b are in a "cold zone". This "cold zone" as the terminal portion 22c of the heater 10 extends from the line A to the lower edge 22d of the sheet 22 Fig.
  • the average 180 ° bend of the resistance heating element 30 is brought close to the line A. In extreme cases, this bend can touch line A tangentially. It should be noted that, of course, any other suitable shape of the resistance heating element is conceivable, such as a meandering guide with multiple loops. However, it has proven to be advantageous if the structure is arranged symmetrically and uniformly on the surface element, because thereby a uniform heat dissipation is achieved.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is covered with a protective layer 80 which, on the one hand, electrically isolates it from the medium and, on the other hand, protects it against the possibly corrosive medium to be heated.
  • the protective layer 80 can be applied in different embodiments, as described below in connection with FIGS Figs. 3A-3C is explained.
  • the required physical properties of this protective layer 80 are achieved in one embodiment by using the following materials:
  • the resistance heating element 30 is coated, for example, by means of a screen printing and baking process with a glass or glass-ceramic layer, and subsequently with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE - Teflon) coated.
  • Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE - Teflon
  • This Teflon coating is not attacked by solvents or other aggressive chemicals. Due to the smooth and lubricious surface is advantageously ensured that no foreign substances adhere to the heater, ie caking in use operation and so the heat dissipation properties are locally deteriorated.
  • the electrical resistance heating element 30 after covering is covered with a glass or glass-ceramic layer with a metal layer, i. the outer surface of the heater is e.g. metallized by nickel plating.
  • a ceramic coating for example based on aluminum oxide (thermal conductivity 1-5 W / mK) or silicon nitride (thermal conductivity 20-50 W / mK) are applied and then a coating with Teflon or acid and alkali-resistant glasses are applied.
  • the electrical insulation and the sealing of the resistance heating element with respect to the medium to be heated can also be produced with a single covering layer, which preferably consists of a material.
  • a surface element 22 is produced from a suitable metal sheet, for example by punching ( Fig. 2A ).
  • An insulating layer 28 is then applied to the insides 22e of the surface element 22 ( Fig. 2B ). This is preferably done by screen printing or plasma spraying technology.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is applied to the insulating layer 28 again with screen printing or plasma spraying technology.
  • the protective layer 80 is applied over the insulating layer 28 and the resistance heating element 30, which is resistant to the occurring in the application to be heated, in particular aggressive media such as alkalis in washing machines and also meets the requirements of the electrical properties with respect to the relevant standards.
  • this protective layer may consist of a single material layer or a combination of several material layers.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is shielded medium-tight and electrically insulated in the area in contact with the medium. Except for the terminals 32 thus the entire heater 10 is sealed from the medium.
  • Figs. 3A-3C schematically show possible embodiments of the protective layer in the layer structure of the heater 10 from Fig. 1 on the basis of a cross section along the line B-B '.
  • the surface element 22 is electrically insulated from the resistance heating element 30 by the insulating layer 28.
  • the resistance heating element 30 is arranged, which is shielded with respect to the medium to be heated with a medium-resistant and electrically insulating protective layer 80.
  • a ceramic plate is used as the surface element 22
  • the insulating layer 28 and also the corresponding production step can be dispensed with.
  • the execution of the protective layer 80 in which a uniform thickness D of the protective layer 80 is generated at the time of application increases the effective outer area of the heater 10 once, but also the heat resistance and heat capacity of the protective layer 80 are reduced.
  • the protective layer has been applied substantially only to the resistance heating element 30 and at its edges to the insulating layer 28 to ensure the necessary seal against the medium. In this embodiment, the least material is needed and heat resistance and heat capacity of the protective layer 80 are minimized.
  • FIG. 4 an example of the installation of the heating device 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the heating device 10 is in this case provided on its two large-area sides 22a and 22b with a sealing element 29, which on these two large-area sides 22a, 22b along the line A ( Fig. 1 ) can be sprayed on.
  • the sealing element 29 itself in turn has engagement grooves for walls W of the tub of the laundry washing machine.
  • the two connection recesses 26 are thus arranged outside the tub. How out Fig. 4 As can be seen, the heater 10 according to the invention can still be held by support brackets S in the tub. How to continue Fig.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage pour machines à laver, notamment des lave-linge et des lave-vaisselle, ayant des surfaces extérieures planes, pour chauffer un milieu liquide ou gazeux, comportant
    un élément plan (22) et au moins un élément de chauffage électrique (30) pour transformer l'énergie électrique en chaleur, lequel élément de chauffage possédant au moins deux raccords électriques (32) et une géométrie s'étendant essentiellement dans un plan,
    l'élément plan étant constitué par une tôle et l'au moins un élément de chauffage électrique étant appliqué sur au moins une face de l'élément plan (22) de façon à être isolé électriquement et étanche au milieu environnant,
    caractérisé en ce que l'isolation électrique de l'élément de chauffage électrique (30) par rapport au milieu, laquelle isolation est appliqué sur la face de l'élément de chauffage non-adjacente à l'élément plan (22), est constituée par une couche de protection appliquée assurant l'isolation électrique et qui est de préférence en vitrocéramique, en un oxyde de zircon ou en un oxyde d'aluminium, de préférence en nitrite de silicium, de sorte que l'isolation électrique et l'étanchéité de l'élément de chauffage (30) par rapport au milieu présentent une résistance à la haute tension d'au moins 1250 VAC, de préférence 3750 VAC, un courant de fuite maximum de 0,75 mA, de préférence 0,25 mA, une stabilité chimique par rapport au milieu dans une gamme pH comprise entre 7 et 10, de préférence comprise entre 5 et 10, et une conductibilité thermique de 1 W/mK, de préférence comprise entre 10 et 50 W/mK ; et
    en ce que l'élément plat (22) comporte au moins une section de raccordement (22c) non chauffée dans laquelle les raccords électriques (32) de l'élément de chauffage électrique (30) sont disposés et prêts à établir le contact.
  2. Dispositif de chauffage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'isolation électrique de l'élément de chauffage électrique (30), qui est prévue sur sa face adjacente à l'élément plan (22), est constituée par une couche d'isolation (28) appliquée.
  3. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une sonde de température munies de raccords électriques est appliquée sur l'élément plan (22) de façon à être isolée électriquement, les raccords électriques de l'élément plan (22) étant disposés et prêts à établir le contact de préférence dans une section de raccordement (22c), l'au moins une sonde de température étant de préférence intégrée dans le dispositif de chauffage grâce à des thermistances sous forme de pastilles.
  4. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu dans la couche de protection (80) au moins un évidement de raccordement (26) dans la section de raccordement (22c) de l'élément plan (22), lequel évidement est destiné aux raccords électriques (32) de l'au moins un élément de chauffage électrique (30) ou de l'éventuelle sonde de température.
  5. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément plan (22) consiste soit en aluminium, soit en acier spécial non-corrosif.
  6. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que les surfaces extérieures du dispositif de chauffage sont pourvues d'une couche d'un composé de fluorocarbone, notamment d'un composé de fluorocarbone perfluorique, de préférence de polytétrafluoroéthylène, ou d'une métallisation, de préférence d'une couche de nickel.
  7. Dispositif de chauffage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la couche d'isolation électrique (28), l'au moins un élément de chauffage électrique (30) et la couche de protection (80) sont appliqués soit par un procédé sérigraphique, d'émaillerie ou de projection au plasma, soit par une combinaison de ces derniers procédés.
EP02020582A 2001-09-17 2002-09-17 Dispositif de chauffage pour machine à laver Expired - Lifetime EP1293597B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10145702A DE10145702A1 (de) 2001-09-17 2001-09-17 Flachheizprofil für direkte Mediumbeheizung
DE10145702 2001-09-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1293597A2 EP1293597A2 (fr) 2003-03-19
EP1293597A3 EP1293597A3 (fr) 2004-08-25
EP1293597B1 true EP1293597B1 (fr) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=7699266

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02020582A Expired - Lifetime EP1293597B1 (fr) 2001-09-17 2002-09-17 Dispositif de chauffage pour machine à laver

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1293597B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE450646T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10145702A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2337658T3 (fr)

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US11696370B2 (en) 2020-04-22 2023-07-04 Whirlpool Corporation Household appliance with immersible heater

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Publication number Publication date
DE50214034D1 (de) 2010-01-14
ES2337658T3 (es) 2010-04-28
EP1293597A3 (fr) 2004-08-25
ATE450646T1 (de) 2009-12-15
EP1293597A2 (fr) 2003-03-19
DE10145702A1 (de) 2003-04-17

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