EP1289705A1 - Composite tool - Google Patents

Composite tool

Info

Publication number
EP1289705A1
EP1289705A1 EP01940005A EP01940005A EP1289705A1 EP 1289705 A1 EP1289705 A1 EP 1289705A1 EP 01940005 A EP01940005 A EP 01940005A EP 01940005 A EP01940005 A EP 01940005A EP 1289705 A1 EP1289705 A1 EP 1289705A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
max
working part
tool according
composite tool
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01940005A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helmut Ponemayr
Karl Leban
Manfred DAXELMÜLLER
Herbert Danninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Machner and Saurer GmbH
Original Assignee
Machner and Saurer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Machner and Saurer GmbH filed Critical Machner and Saurer GmbH
Publication of EP1289705A1 publication Critical patent/EP1289705A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
    • B23D61/028—Circular saw blades of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/02—Circular saw blades
    • B23D61/025—Details of saw blade body
    • B23D61/026—Composite body, e.g. laminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/12—Straight saw blades; Strap saw blades
    • B23D61/123—Details of saw blade body
    • B23D61/125—Composite body, e.g. laminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D61/00—Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices; Clamping devices for these tools
    • B23D61/12—Straight saw blades; Strap saw blades
    • B23D61/127—Straight saw blades; Strap saw blades of special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/932—Abrasive or cutting feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/929—Particular nature of work or product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12958—Next to Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12965—Both containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12986—Adjacent functionally defined components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite tool consisting of a metallic carrier part and at least one like working part with different material compositions, which parts are metallically connected to one another, in particular a saw blade or a saw band.
  • Tools to which the highest demands are made regarding the working part and the holding or clamping part usually consist of different materials, the respective material being optimally selected for the stresses on the part.
  • bi-metal band which band is formed from a tough support part and a cutting part.
  • the support part consists of an alloy which ensures high elasticity, toughness, break resistance and the like properties
  • the cutting part which ultimately forms the cutting tooth tips, has a high material hardness, abrasion resistance and a similar wear resistance.
  • Such saws have long been part of the prior art, and the cutting part, for example formed from high-speed steel, can be connected to the carrier or support part by welding. If, according to a further possibility, the cutting tips consist of special materials, for example of hard metal, then these are to be connected individually, in particular by soldering, to the carrier part.
  • the cutting performance of cutting tools not only depends on the cutting edge hardness and its abrasion resistance and toughness, but also decisively influenced by the properties of the material to be machined.
  • titanium, austenitic steels, nickel-based alloys and the like are known as materials that are difficult to machine. Often when machining the above materials, even with high-quality high-speed steels and hard metals, only low cutting performance can be achieved with extremely high tool wear. In most cases, roundings and scourings in the cutting area are the cause of the tool failure.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this and aims to provide a compound tool which has improved cutting properties of the working part.
  • the carrier part or the carrier strip is formed from a tough, iron-based material and the working part (s) from a precipitation-hardenable iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy (Fe-Co-W) are. It has been found that tungsten can be at least partially replaced by molybdenum, with improved machining performance possibly being achieved with iron-cobalt-tungsten plus molybdenum alloys (Fe-Co-W + Mo).
  • the advantages achieved with the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that even in austenitic steels, titanium and nickel. And Kobelt-based alloys, high metal removal rates are possible with a significantly improved tool life.
  • the working part is connected to the carrier part of the tool in a metallic manner, preferably by welding free of additives.
  • a precipitation-hardened iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy especially with the materials that are known to be difficult to machine, for example Cr-Ni steel with more than 18% by weight Cr and more than 10% by weight nickel, which steel still with molybdenum, nitrogen and other elements can be alloyed, can be particularly efficient in machining, has not yet been scientifically clarified.
  • the material properties regarding the material hardness, toughness and abrasion resistance are favorably by a
  • Si to 0.8, preferably up to 0.6
  • AI to 0.8, preferably to 0.4 V to 1.0, preferably 0.4 to 0.8
  • Ti to 0.6, preferably to 0.3
  • Nb / Ta up to 0.7, preferably up to 0.25
  • Ni max 0.8 preferably max 0.3
  • the preferred areas of the material composition can be used favorably for the working part in the removal of chips from austenitic workpieces.
  • the carrier part consists of a carbon spring steel consisting of 0.25 to 1.15 C 0.20 to 3.0 Si 0 in% by weight, 45 to 2.5 Mn and Cr, V, Mo, Ni and S, Fe and melting-related impurities are formed as the remainder.
  • the carrier part is made of a martensite-hardenable (maraging)
  • the metallic connection between the carrier part and the working part is created in a favorable manner by electrons, laser or plasma welding, the material properties across the connection zone can be improved and show high values.
  • the working part (s) is (are) manufactured by powder metallurgy.
  • the working part (s) have granular or spherical hard material bevels, it is possible to increase the service life of the tools for certain requirements.
  • Hard material proportions of more than 10 vol .-% in the working part cause its embrittlement.
  • a saw band with a thickness of 1.2 mm was created by welding a working part onto a carrier part by means of laser welding.
  • the carrier part had a chemical composition essentially in% by weight of 0.43 C, 0.75 Si, 0.9 Mn, 1.2 Cr, remainder iron and production-related impurities.
  • the working part had a material composition in wt .-% of 0.06 C, 20.1 Co, 15.3 W, 2.2 Mo, 0.31 Si, 0.38 V, balance iron and impurities.
  • the carrier material was produced by powder metallurgy by atomizing metal with nitrogen, hot isostatic pressing and thermoforming of the compact.
  • Tooth gaps were worked out on the bimetal strip in such a way that the tooth tip areas were formed from the working part.
  • a solution annealing of the working part was carried out at 1220 to 1270 ° C, the curing the cutting material was carried out at 580 to 650 ° C, whereby a material hardness of 67 to 68 HRC was achieved.
  • the saw according to the invention achieved a cutting time reduction of 53% when dividing 18/10 CrNi rods with a diameter of 210 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite tool comprised of a metallic supporting part and of at least one working part of the like with different material compositions. Said parts are metallically joined to one another. The inventive composite tool is, in particular, a saw blade or bandsaw. The aim of the invention is to increase the cutting capacity and the serviceable life of the tool, in particular, when machining titanium and titanium alloys, austenitic Cr-Ni-Mn-N steels and nickel or nickel-based alloys. To this end, the invention provides that the supporting part or the supporting strip is made of a tenacious iron-based material, and the working part(s) is/are made of a precipitation hardenable iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy (Fe-Co-W).

Description

Verbundwerkzeug composite tool
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verbundwerkzeug bestehend aus einem metallischen Trägerteil und mindestens einem dergleichen Arbeitsteil mit unterschiedlichen Werkstoffzusammensetzungen, welche Teile miteinander metallisch verbunden sind, insbesondere ein Sägeblatt oder ein Sägeband.The invention relates to a composite tool consisting of a metallic carrier part and at least one like working part with different material compositions, which parts are metallically connected to one another, in particular a saw blade or a saw band.
Werkzeuge, an welche höchste Anforderungen betreffend den Arbeitsteil sowie den Halte- oder Einspannteil gestellt werden, bestehen zumeist aus verschiedenen Werkstoffen, wobei der jeweilige Werkstoff optimal für die Beanspruchungen des Teiles ausgewählt ist.Tools to which the highest demands are made regarding the working part and the holding or clamping part usually consist of different materials, the respective material being optimally selected for the stresses on the part.
Es ist bekannt, Sägeblätter oder Bandsägen aus einem sogenannten Bi-Metallband zu fertigen, welches Band aus einem zähfesten Stützteil und einem Schneidteil gebildet ist. Während der Stützteil aus einer Legierung, die hohe Elastizität, Zähigkeit, Bruchsicherheit und dergleichen Eigenschaften sicherstellt, besteht, weist der Schneidteil, welcher letztlich die spanabhebenden Zahnspitzen bildet, eine hohe Materialhärte, Abriebfestigkeit und einen dergleichen Verschleißwiderstand auf. Derartige Sägen sind seit langem zum Stand der Technik zu zählen, wobei der Schneidteil, zum, Beispiel aus Schnellarbeitsstahl gebildet, mit dem Träger- oder Stützteil durch Schweißung metallisch verbunden sein kann. Bestehen gemäß einer weiteren Möglichkeit die Schneidspitzen aus Sondermaterialien, zum Beispiel aus Hartmetall, so sind diese einzeln, insbesondere durch Lötung, mit dem Trägerteil zu verbinden.It is known to manufacture saw blades or band saws from a so-called bi-metal band, which band is formed from a tough support part and a cutting part. While the support part consists of an alloy which ensures high elasticity, toughness, break resistance and the like properties, the cutting part, which ultimately forms the cutting tooth tips, has a high material hardness, abrasion resistance and a similar wear resistance. Such saws have long been part of the prior art, and the cutting part, for example formed from high-speed steel, can be connected to the carrier or support part by welding. If, according to a further possibility, the cutting tips consist of special materials, for example of hard metal, then these are to be connected individually, in particular by soldering, to the carrier part.
Bei einer spanabhebenden Bearbeitung von Werkstoffen ist zumeist die Härte, Zähigkeit und Abriebfestigkeit der Werkzeugschneide für deren Standzeit im praktischen Einsatz maßgebend. Vielfach werden auch Hartstoffbeschichtungen i Schneidenbereich der Werkzeuge vorgesehen, um deren Schneidleistungen zu erhöhen.When machining materials, the hardness, toughness and abrasion resistance of the cutting edge are mostly decisive for their service life in practical use. In many cases, hard material coatings are also provided in the cutting area of the tools in order to increase their cutting performance.
Die Schneidleistung von spanabhebenden Werkzeugen hängt jedoch nicht nur von der Schneidenhärte und deren Abriebfestigkeit und Zähigkeit ab, sondern wird auch durch die Eigenschaften des zu zerspanenden Werkstoffes entscheidend mitbestimmt. Beispielsweise sind Titan, austenitische Stähle, Nickelbasislegierungen und dergleichen als schwer zerspanbare Werkstoffe bekannt. Oft können bei einer Bearbeitung obiger Werkstoffe auch mit hochwertigen Schnellarbeitsstählen und Hartmetallen nur geringe Spanleistungen bei äußert hohem Werkzeugverschleiß erreicht werden. Zumeist sind Rundungen und Auskolkungen im Schneidenbereich die Ursache für den Ausfall des Werkzeuges.The cutting performance of cutting tools not only depends on the cutting edge hardness and its abrasion resistance and toughness, but also decisively influenced by the properties of the material to be machined. For example, titanium, austenitic steels, nickel-based alloys and the like are known as materials that are difficult to machine. Often when machining the above materials, even with high-quality high-speed steels and hard metals, only low cutting performance can be achieved with extremely high tool wear. In most cases, roundings and scourings in the cutting area are the cause of the tool failure.
Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen und setzt sich zum Ziel, ein Verbundewerkzeug anzugeben, welches verbesserte spanabhebende Eigenschaften des Arbeitsteiles besitzt. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Werkzeug für eine Zerspanung von Titan sowie Titanlegierungen, austenitischen Stählen, Nickel-und Kobaltbasislegierungen und dergleichen zu erstellen.The invention seeks to remedy this and aims to provide a compound tool which has improved cutting properties of the working part. In particular, it is an object of the invention to produce a tool for machining titanium and titanium alloys, austenitic steels, nickel and cobalt-based alloys and the like.
Diese Ziele werden bei einem Verbundwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art dadurch erreicht, daß der Trägerteil oder das Trägerband aus einem zähfesten Eisenbasis-Werkstoff und der(die) Arbeitsteil(e) aus einer ausscheidungshärtbaren Eisen- Kobalt-Wolframlegierung (Fe-Co-W) gebildet sind. Es wurde gefunden, daß Wolfram zumindest teilweise durch Molybdän ersetzt werden kann, wobei mit Eisen- Kobalt- Wolfram plus Molybdän- Legierungen ( Fe-Co-W + Mo) gegebenenfalls verbesserte Abspanleistungen erzielt werden.These goals are achieved in a composite tool of the type mentioned at the outset in that the carrier part or the carrier strip is formed from a tough, iron-based material and the working part (s) from a precipitation-hardenable iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy (Fe-Co-W) are. It has been found that tungsten can be at least partially replaced by molybdenum, with improved machining performance possibly being achieved with iron-cobalt-tungsten plus molybdenum alloys (Fe-Co-W + Mo).
Die mit der Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, daß auch in austenitischen Stählen, Titan- und Nickel-.sowie Kobeltbasislegierungen hohe Zerspanungsleistungen bei entscheidend verbesserter Standzeit der Werkzeugschneide möglich sind. Dabei ist in günstiger Weise der Arbeitsteil mit dem Trägerteil des Werkzeuges metallisch, vorzugsweise durch zusatzstoffreie Schweißung, verbunden. Warum eine ausscheidungsgehärtete Eisen-Kobalt-Wolframlegierung gerade bei den bekanntlich schwer zu bearbeitenden Werkstoffen, zum Beispiel Cr-Ni- Stahl mit mehr als 18 Gew.-% Cr und mehr als 10 Gew.-% Nickel, welcher Stahl noch mit Molybdän, Stickstoff und weiteren Elementen legiert sein kann, besonders effizient spanabhebend wirksam sein kann, ist wissenschaftlich noch nicht geklärt. Erste Untersuchungen deuten darauf hin, daß eine Spanbildung und ein Spanablauf durch Verminderung der Reibungskräfte bei Intensivierung der Reiß- und Scherarbeit günstig wirken.The advantages achieved with the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that even in austenitic steels, titanium and nickel. And Kobelt-based alloys, high metal removal rates are possible with a significantly improved tool life. In this case, the working part is connected to the carrier part of the tool in a metallic manner, preferably by welding free of additives. Why a precipitation-hardened iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy, especially with the materials that are known to be difficult to machine, for example Cr-Ni steel with more than 18% by weight Cr and more than 10% by weight nickel, which steel still with molybdenum, nitrogen and other elements can be alloyed, can be particularly efficient in machining, has not yet been scientifically clarified. Initial investigations indicate indicates that chip formation and chip flow have a favorable effect by reducing the frictional forces while intensifying the tearing and shearing work.
Hohe Schneidleistungen des Werkzeuges sind erreichbar, wenn der(die)High cutting performance of the tool can be achieved if the
Arbeitsteil(e) eine Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%Working part (s) a composition of in% by weight
Kobalt (Co) 15 bis 30Cobalt (Co) 15 to 30
Wolfram (W) bis 25Tungsten (W) to 25
Molybdän (Mo) bis 20Molybdenum (Mo) to 20
(W+Mo) 10 bis 25(W + Mo) 10 to 25
Silizium (Si) bis 1,5Silicon (Si) up to 1.5
Aluminium (AI) bis 1,5Aluminum (AI) up to 1.5
Vanadin (V) bis 1,5Vanadium (V) to 1.5
Titan (Ti) bis 1,0 *Titanium (Ti) up to 1.0 *
Niob/Tantal (Nb,Ta) bis 1,1Niobium / tantalum (Nb, Ta) up to 1.1
Kohlenstoff (C) max 0,4Carbon (C) max 0.4
Chrom (Cr) max 3,9Chromium (Cr) max 3.9
Nickel (Ni) max 3,9Nickel (Ni) max 3.9
Mangan (Mn) max 4,1Manganese (Mn) max 4.1
Eisen (Fe) und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen als Rest besitzt.Remains of iron (Fe) and production-related impurities.
In obigem Legierungsbereich sind in günstiger Weise die Werkstoffeigenschaften betreffend die Materialhärte, Zähigkeit und Abriebfestigkeit durch eineIn the above alloy range, the material properties regarding the material hardness, toughness and abrasion resistance are favorably by a
Wärmebehandlung bzw. den Ausscheidungshärteeffekt einstellbar ohne dasHeat treatment or the precipitation hardness effect adjustable without that
Schweißverhalten des Arbeitsteiles bzw. die Verbindung mit dem Trägerteil nachteilig zu beeinflussen.To adversely affect the welding behavior of the working part or the connection to the carrier part.
Besonders hohe Schneidleistungen bei geringem Werkzeugverschleiß sind erreichbar, wenn der(die) Arbe'rtsteil(e) eine Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%Particularly high cutting performance with low tool wear can be obtained if the (the) Arbe 'rtsteil (e) a composition of in wt .-%
Co 22 bis 26, vorzugsweise 21 bis 24Co 22 to 26, preferably 21 to 24
W bis 20, vorzugsweise 9 bis 18W to 20, preferably 9 to 18
Mo bis 12, vorzugsweise 1 bis 9Mo to 12, preferably 1 to 9
(W+Mo) 11 bis 20(W + Mo) 11 to 20
Si bis 0,8, vorzugsweise bis 0,6Si to 0.8, preferably up to 0.6
AI bis 0,8, vorzugsweise bis 0,4 V bis 1,0, vorzugsweise 0,4 bis 0,8AI to 0.8, preferably to 0.4 V to 1.0, preferably 0.4 to 0.8
Ti bis 0,6, vorzugsweise bis 0,3Ti to 0.6, preferably to 0.3
Nb/Ta bis 0,7, vorzugsweise bis 0,25Nb / Ta up to 0.7, preferably up to 0.25
C max 0,2, vorzugsweise max 0,15C max 0.2, preferably max 0.15
Cr max 0,9, vorzugsweise max 0,5Cr max 0.9, preferably max 0.5
Ni max 0,8, vorzugsweise max 0,3Ni max 0.8, preferably max 0.3
Mn max 0,9, vorzugsweise max 0,4Mn max 0.9, preferably max 0.4
Fe und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen als Rest besitzt (besitzen).Fe and manufacturing-related impurities as the remainder.
Die bevorzugten Bereiche der Werkstoflzusammensetzung sind, wie gefunden wurde, für den Arbeitsteil bei der Spanabnahme von austenitischen Werkstücken günstig einsetzbar.The preferred areas of the material composition, as has been found, can be used favorably for the working part in the removal of chips from austenitic workpieces.
Um im Hinblick auf gute Gebrauchseigenschaften des Werkzeuges an sich Verbesserungen zu erreichen, kann es günstig sein, wenn der Trägerteil aus einem Kohlenstoff-Federstahl bestehend aus in Gew.-% 0,25 bis 1.15 C 0,20 bis 3,0 Si 0,45 bis 2,5 Mn sowie Cr, V, Mo, Ni und S, Fe und erschmelzungsbedingten Verunreinigungen als Rest gebildet ist.In order to achieve improvements with regard to good usage properties of the tool per se, it can be favorable if the carrier part consists of a carbon spring steel consisting of 0.25 to 1.15 C 0.20 to 3.0 Si 0 in% by weight, 45 to 2.5 Mn and Cr, V, Mo, Ni and S, Fe and melting-related impurities are formed as the remainder.
Sind besonders hohe Ansprüche an den Trägerteil betreffend Härte,Are particularly high demands on the support part regarding hardness,
Biegewechselfestigkeit und Verschweißbarkeit mit dem Arbeitsbereich gestell, kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Trägerteil aus einem martensitaushärtbaren (maraging)Flexural fatigue strength and weldability with the work area, it can be advantageous if the carrier part is made of a martensite-hardenable (maraging)
Stahl bestehend im wesenlichen aus in Gew.-%Steel essentially consisting of in% by weight
Mo 2,0 bis 8,2Mo 2.0 to 8.2
Ni 14,0 bis 22,0Ni 14.0 to 22.0
Co 5,0 bis 14,0Co 5.0 to 14.0
Ti 0,2 bis 1,7Ti 0.2 to 1.7
AI 0,05 bis 0,2AI 0.05 to 0.2
Fe und erschmelzungsbedingten Verunreinigungen als Rest gebildet ist. Bei obigem Trägerwerkstoff ist, wie sich herausgestellt hat, die Schweißnaht über den gesamten Querschnitt zähhart, es sind keinerlei spröde Phasen festgestellt worden und es ist eine besonders günstige, auf beide Werkzeugteile ausrichtbare Wärmebehandlungstechnologie anwendbar.Fe and melting-related impurities are formed as the rest. With the above carrier material, it has been found that the weld seam is tough over the entire cross section, no brittle phases have been found and a particularly favorable heat treatment technology that can be aligned with both tool parts can be used.
Wenn weiters in günstiger Weise die metallische Verbindung zwischen Trägerteil und Arbeitsteil durch Elektronen,- Laser- oder Plasmaschweißen erstellt ist, können die Materialeigenschaften quer über die Verbindungszone verbessert sein und hohe Werte auiweisen.If, furthermore, the metallic connection between the carrier part and the working part is created in a favorable manner by electrons, laser or plasma welding, the material properties across the connection zone can be improved and show high values.
Fertigungstechnisch aber auch im Hinblick auf eine gesteigerte Werkstoffgüte und Wärmebehandlungseignung kann es bevorzugt sein, wenn der(die) Arbeitsteil(e) pulvermetallurgisch hergestellt ist (sind).In terms of production technology, but also with regard to increased material quality and suitability for heat treatment, it can be preferred if the working part (s) is (are) manufactured by powder metallurgy.
Wenn, wie weiters erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein kann, der(die) Arbeitsteil(e) körnige oder kugelige Hartstoff-Fasen aufweisen, ist es möglich, die Standzeit der Werkzeuge für bestimmte Anforderungen zu erhöhen. Hartstoffanteile von größer als 10 Vol.-% im Arbeitsteil bewirken jedoch dessen Versprödung.If, as can also be provided according to the invention, the working part (s) have granular or spherical hard material bevels, it is possible to increase the service life of the tools for certain requirements. Hard material proportions of more than 10 vol .-% in the working part cause its embrittlement.
Anhand eines Beispieles soll die Erfindung näher dargelegt werden. Ein Sägeband mit einer Stärke von 1 ,2 mm wurde durch Aufschweißen eines Arbeitsteiles auf einen Trägerteil mittels Laserschweißung erstellt. Der Trägerteil besaß eine chemische Zusammensetzung im wesentlichen in Gew.-% von 0,43 C, 0,75 Si, 0,9 Mn, 1,2 Cr, Rest Eisen und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen. Der Arbeitsteil hatte eine Werkstoffzusammensetzung in Gew.-% von 0,06 C, 20,1 Co, 15,3 W, 2,2 Mo, 0,31 Si, 0,38 V, Rest Eisen und Verunreinigungen. Die Herstellung des Trägermaterials erfolgte pulvermetallurgisch durch Metallverdüsung mit Stickstoff, heißisostatisches Pressen und Warmverformen des Preßlings.The invention will be explained in more detail using an example. A saw band with a thickness of 1.2 mm was created by welding a working part onto a carrier part by means of laser welding. The carrier part had a chemical composition essentially in% by weight of 0.43 C, 0.75 Si, 0.9 Mn, 1.2 Cr, remainder iron and production-related impurities. The working part had a material composition in wt .-% of 0.06 C, 20.1 Co, 15.3 W, 2.2 Mo, 0.31 Si, 0.38 V, balance iron and impurities. The carrier material was produced by powder metallurgy by atomizing metal with nitrogen, hot isostatic pressing and thermoforming of the compact.
Am Bi-Metallband wurden Zahnlücken derart herausgearbeitet, daß die Zahnspitzenbereiche aus dem Arbeitsteil gebildet waren.Tooth gaps were worked out on the bimetal strip in such a way that the tooth tip areas were formed from the working part.
Ein Lösungsglühen des Arbeitsteiles erfolgte bei 1220 bis 1270°C, die Aushärtung des Schneidwerkstoffes wurde bei 580 bis 650 °C vorgenommen, wobei eine Materialhärte von 67 bis 68 HRC erreicht wurde.A solution annealing of the working part was carried out at 1220 to 1270 ° C, the curing the cutting material was carried out at 580 to 650 ° C, whereby a material hardness of 67 to 68 HRC was achieved.
Im praktischen Einsatz erbrachte die erfindungsgemäße Säge bei der Teilung von 18/10 CrNi Stangen mit einem Durchmesser von 210 mm eine Schnittzeitreduzierung von 53 %. In practical use, the saw according to the invention achieved a cutting time reduction of 53% when dividing 18/10 CrNi rods with a diameter of 210 mm.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verbundwerkzeug bestehend aus einem metallischen Trägerteil und mindestens einem dergleichen Arbeitsteil mit unterschiedlichen Werkstoffzusammensetzungen, welche Teile miteinander metallisch verbunden sind, insbesondere ein Sägeblatt oder Sägeband, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trägerteil oder das Trägerband aus einem zähfesten Eisenbasis-Werkstoff und der (die) Arbeitsteil(e) aus einer ausscheidungshärtbaren Eisen-Kobalt-Wolframlegierung ( Fe-Co-W) gebildet sind.1. Composite tool consisting of a metallic carrier part and at least one like working part with different material compositions, which parts are metallically connected to one another, in particular a saw blade or saw band, characterized in that the carrier part or the carrier band made of a tough iron-based material and the (the) Working part (s) are formed from a precipitation-hardenable iron-cobalt-tungsten alloy (Fe-Co-W).
2. Verbundwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der (die) Arbeitsteil(e) eine Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%2. Composite tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the (the) working part (s) has a composition of in wt .-%
Kobalt (Co) 15 bis 30Cobalt (Co) 15 to 30
Wolfram (W) bis 25Tungsten (W) to 25
Molybdän (Mo) bis 20Molybdenum (Mo) to 20
(W+Mo) 10 bis 25(W + Mo) 10 to 25
Silizium (Si) bis 1,5Silicon (Si) up to 1.5
Aluminium (AI) bis 1,5Aluminum (AI) up to 1.5
Vanadin (V) bis 1,5Vanadium (V) to 1.5
Titan (Ti) bis 1,0Titanium (Ti) to 1.0
Niob/Tantal(Nb,Ta) bis 1,1Niobium / tantalum (Nb, Ta) up to 1.1
Kohlenstoff (C) max 0,4Carbon (C) max 0.4
Chrom (Cr) max 3,9Chromium (Cr) max 3.9
Nickel (Ni) max 3,9Nickel (Ni) max 3.9
Mangan (Mn) max 4,1Manganese (Mn) max 4.1
Eisen (Fe) und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen als Rest besitzt.Remains of iron (Fe) and production-related impurities.
3. Verbundwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der3. Compound tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the
(die) Arbeitsteil(e) eine Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-%Working part (s) has a composition of in% by weight
Co 22 bis 26, vorzugsweise 21 bis 24 Co 22 to 26, preferably 21 to 24
W bis 20, vorzugsweise 9 bis 18W to 20, preferably 9 to 18
Mo bis 12, vorzugsweise 1 bis 9 Mo to 12, preferably 1 to 9
(W+Mo) 11 bis 20 Si bis 0,8, vorzugsweise bis 0,6(W + Mo) 11 to 20 Si to 0.8, preferably up to 0.6
AI bis 0,8, vorzugsweise bis 0,4AI to 0.8, preferably to 0.4
V bis 1,0, vorzugsweise 0,4 bis 0,8V to 1.0, preferably 0.4 to 0.8
Ti bis 0,6, vorzugsweise bis 0,3Ti to 0.6, preferably to 0.3
Nb/Ta bis 0,7, vorzugsweise bis 0,25Nb / Ta up to 0.7, preferably up to 0.25
C max 0,2, vorzugsweise max 0,15C max 0.2, preferably max 0.15
Cr max 0,9, vorzugsweise max 0,5Cr max 0.9, preferably max 0.5
Ni max 0,8, vorzugsweise max 0,3Ni max 0.8, preferably max 0.3
Mn max 0,9, vorzugsweise max 0,4Mn max 0.9, preferably max 0.4
Fe und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen als Rest besitzt.Fe and manufacturing-related impurities as the rest.
4. Verbundwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trägerteil aus einem Kohlenstoff-Federstahl bestehend aus in Gew.-% 0,25 bis 1,15 C4. Composite tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carrier part made of a carbon spring steel consisting of in wt .-% 0.25 to 1.15 C.
0,20 bis 3,0 Si 0,45 bis 2,5 Mn sowie Cr, V, Mo,Ni und S, Fe und erschmelzungsbedingten Verunreinigungen als Rest gebildet ist.0.20 to 3.0 Si 0.45 to 2.5 Mn and Cr, V, Mo, Ni and S, Fe and melting-related impurities are formed as the remainder.
5. Verbundwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trägerteil aus einem martensitaushärtbaren ( maraging) Stahl bestehend im wesentlichen aus in Gew.-%5. Composite tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carrier part made of a martensitoset (maraging) steel consisting essentially of in wt .-%
Mo 2,0 bis 8,2Mo 2.0 to 8.2
Ni 14,0 bis 22,0Ni 14.0 to 22.0
Co 5,0 bis 14,0Co 5.0 to 14.0
Ti 0,2 bis 1,7Ti 0.2 to 1.7
AI 0,05 bis 0,2AI 0.05 to 0.2
Fe und erschmelzungsbedingten Verunreinigungen als Rest gebildet ist.Fe and melting-related impurities are formed as the rest.
6. Verbundwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die metallische Verbindung zwischen Trägerteil und Arbeitsteil durch Elektronenstrahl.-Laser- oder Piasmaschweißen erstellt ist. 6. Composite tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metallic connection between the carrier part and the working part is created by electron beam. Laser or pias welding.
7. Verbundwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der (die) Arbeitsteil(e) pulvermetallurgisch hergestellt ist (sind).7. Composite tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the working part (s) is (are) made by powder metallurgy.
8. Verbundwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der(die) Arbeitsteil(e) kömige bzw. kugelige Hartstoff- Fasen bis zu einem Anteil von 10 Vol.-% aufweisen.8. Composite tool according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the (the) working part (s) have spherical or spherical hard material bevels up to a proportion of 10 vol .-%.
9. Verwendung eines Werkzeuges gemäß den vorgeordneten Anprüchen für eine spanabhebende Bearbeitung von austenitischen Stählen und Legierungen. 9. Use of a tool according to the preceding claims for machining austenitic steels and alloys.
EP01940005A 2000-06-02 2001-05-30 Composite tool Withdrawn EP1289705A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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AT9742000 2000-06-02
AT0097400A AT411441B (en) 2000-06-02 2000-06-02 COMPOSITE TOOL
PCT/AT2001/000173 WO2001091962A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2001-05-30 Composite tool

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JP (1) JP2003534928A (en)
AT (1) AT411441B (en)
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WO (1) WO2001091962A1 (en)

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US6861161B2 (en) 2005-03-01
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JP2003534928A (en) 2003-11-25
ATA9742000A (en) 2003-06-15
AT411441B (en) 2004-01-26

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