EP1279084B1 - Spannungsadaptereinheit - Google Patents

Spannungsadaptereinheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1279084B1
EP1279084B1 EP01925651A EP01925651A EP1279084B1 EP 1279084 B1 EP1279084 B1 EP 1279084B1 EP 01925651 A EP01925651 A EP 01925651A EP 01925651 A EP01925651 A EP 01925651A EP 1279084 B1 EP1279084 B1 EP 1279084B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
output voltage
value
pred
output
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01925651A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1279084A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Yves Grandidier
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OPTAREL
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OPTAREL
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Priority to SI200130378T priority Critical patent/SI1279084T1/xx
Publication of EP1279084A1 publication Critical patent/EP1279084A1/de
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Publication of EP1279084B1 publication Critical patent/EP1279084B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac
    • G05F1/32—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices
    • G05F1/34—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adapter assembly of voltage intended in particular, but not exclusively, to compensate variations in the voltage of a power supply line distribution of electrical energy.
  • the power supply lines of the network deliver a voltage that evolves over time. Indeed, when the power called suddenly increases, there are voltage drops at the end of particular line.
  • Surges can also be caused by maneuvers on the lines; they can come from switching at the level of Power transformers, machine commissioning strongly inductive rotating, or imbalance of the three-phase network.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a set voltage adapter able to respond quickly to variations in supply line voltage, particularly in case of surge, and not producing breaks or micro-cuts on the line.
  • the voltage V E is the voltage of the supply line and that the output voltage V S is the voltage that is delivered to the user.
  • the measuring means which make it possible to measure the output voltage of the adapter provide information representative of the said output voltage to the control means which elaborate information able to apply an additional voltage to the input voltage V E in the case a voltage drop relative to the nominal voltage or information capable of reducing the input voltage V E in the case of a voltage greater than the nominal voltage.
  • k takes negative values.
  • a predicted voltage V pred predicted voltage is developed as a function of the output voltage values, which is an estimate of the voltage value for the future taking into account the past evolution of the output voltage.
  • V S This estimate makes it possible to prepare a correction to be applied to the voltage, taking into account any drift that may be observed.
  • the predicted voltage is compared with a predetermined value V min and a fast control procedure is triggered if V pred ⁇ V min .
  • V min is a parameterizable threshold value below which the predicted value V pred must not go down, otherwise the voltage overflows.
  • the adapter assembly further comprises a overvoltage switch and an anti-surge resistor mounted in parallel with said primary winding means for summing voltages, and means for controlling the open or closed state of said switch.
  • the resistance anti-surge is connected to the terminals of the primary winding of means to sum the tensions, so as to compensate the drop of load.
  • This resistance makes it possible to dampen the rise of voltage, the time that the voltage divider means adapt to the new state of the line.
  • the surge resistor is connected to the terminals of said primary winding by a switch actuated by means of command which are able to receive a closing signal developed by the means of control.
  • said means for developing a predicted voltage value V pred elaborate a predicted voltage value V pred at a measurement instant t from the output voltage measurements at times t , t - aT and t - 2aT.
  • the predicted voltage value V pred represents a reliable value of the expected voltage value in the near future.
  • control means furthermore comprise means for comparing said measured output voltage V S with a predetermined voltage V max and means for producing a signal for closing said overvoltage switch if said output voltage is greater than V max .
  • control means analyze the output voltage V S and a predetermined voltage V max corresponding to a voltage threshold not to be exceeded.
  • This voltage threshold corresponds to a certain percentage of the nominal voltage supplied by the power supply line.
  • the analysis consists of comparing the output voltage V S with a predetermined value and of connecting the surge resistor if this value is exceeded.
  • the measurement of the output voltage V S and the comparison with the predetermined value Vmax are performed at a high frequency so as to intervene very quickly on the line in the event of an overvoltage.
  • control means furthermore comprise means for comparing said measured output voltage V S with a predetermined voltage V inf ⁇ V min and means for triggering said fast control procedure if said measured output voltage is lower V inf .
  • the adapter assembly further comprises in the case of a three-phase network, a plurality of means for making the sum of the voltages on each of the phases, whereby said means to sum up the tensions are physically independent on each phase.
  • the adapter device comprises an input E for receiving an input voltage V E to be adapted which corresponds to the power supply and an output S for delivering an output voltage V S corresponding to a suitable voltage delivered to the user.
  • the device also comprises dividing means 110 or switching transformer which is a variable ratio transformer k for developing an additional voltage V D.
  • This additional voltage is equal to kV E.
  • the value of the additional voltage is determined by the control means 112 and by the control means 114 which determine the transformation ratio k to be applied as a function of the value of the output voltage V S given by the measuring means 116. The measurement could also be done at the input E of the voltage adapter assembly.
  • the divider means 110 are connected to means 118 for summing the input voltage V E and a fraction k'.V D of the additional voltage so as to obtain the output voltage VS, k 'being the fixed transformation ratio means for sum 118 which are, in this case, a fixed ratio transformer, said coupling transformer.
  • the switching transformer 210 comprises a primary winding 220 across which is applied the input voltage V E and a secondary winding 230 comprising, for example, six dividing outputs: 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, and 242 , respectively connected to six switches C232, C234, C236, C238, C240 and C242, which are also connected to the output of the voltage division means 210.
  • a seventh switch connects the division output 232 to the output of the voltage division means 210.
  • the coupling transformer 118 comprises a secondary winding 246 to which is applied the complementary voltage K'.V D and a primary winding 248 to which is applied the additional voltage V D.
  • the adaptation device comprises a switch of overvoltage 250 and an overvoltage resistor 252 connected in parallel with the primary winding 248.
  • FIG. 3 shows the diagram of FIG. 2 to which control means for controlling the switches, control means and means for measuring the output voltage V S have been added .
  • measuring means 354 measure the output voltage of the adaptation device at a frequency multiple of that of the electrical network, for example 1000 Hz for a frequency voltage of 50 Hz, ie a periodicity of 1 ms.
  • signal is sampled by the measuring means so as to calculate the rms value of the voltage. To not weigh down the description we let's talk about the voltage value for rms value of the voltage.
  • the measuring means 354 are able to provide a measurement of the output voltage value V S to control means 360.
  • the control means 360 comprise comparison means 361 for comparing the output voltage V S measured by the measuring means 354 with a predetermined voltage Vmax which must not be exceeded or exceeded as short as possible.
  • This voltage V max corresponds, for example, to the electrical energy distributed in low voltage in France in rural areas to an excess of 6% of the 230 V nominal value, ie 244 V.
  • means 362 develop a signal capable of ordering the control means 363 closing the surge switch 250.
  • the anti-surge device is activated as a priority.
  • its activation is followed by a process of switching switches C332 and C337 so as to be on a report of transformation K equal to 1 for a certain duration that can be equal at 1 s.
  • the deactivation of the anti-surge switch 350 occurs as soon as that switching of switches C332 and C337 has been performed.
  • This device makes it possible both to reduce the peak voltage and the time during which the voltage is greater than V max is 244 V.
  • the control means comprises means 364 for generating a predicted voltage value V pred at a measurement time t from the output voltage measurements at times t, t - aT and t - 2aT; T is the period between two measurements of the voltage and has an integer. According to a particular example, T is 1 ms and has a value of 10. Thus, the predicted voltage value V pred is produced at a time t , from the output voltage values measured at times t-10ms and t-20ms.
  • This predicted value corresponds to an estimated output voltage value in a given future, taking into account the values of the output voltage at time t , at time t minus a half-period of the signal, and at the same time. moment t less a period of the signal.
  • control means comprise comparison means 365 for comparing the predicted voltage V pred to a configurable voltage V min .
  • means 368 produce a signal capable of supplying information to the control means 363 so that they control the switches according to a so-called "fast" control procedure. aiming to immediately return to a value Vcible equal to the setpoint voltage Vc. This setpoint will generally be chosen close to the nominal value of the network. This procedure will be described in detail in the following description.
  • the control means also comprise means 367 for calculating the rate of variation ⁇ V of the output voltage V S over n preceding periods and for comparing this rate of variation with a predetermined value V v .
  • This value is taken close to the product of the nominal voltage by the magnitude ⁇ K which is the difference between two consecutive ratios K.
  • V v will be 6 V by 60 ms, the variation being measured over 3 periods of the voltage.
  • the comparison means 361 also compare the output voltage V S with a predetermined voltage V inf ⁇ V min , this voltage being close to the low threshold of the contract value of the distributor.
  • V inf a predetermined voltage
  • the means 368 produce a signal capable of supplying information to the control means 363 so that they control the closing of the switches according to a so-called "fast" procedure.
  • the new transformation ratio will take into account the previous transformation ratio, a target voltage V target and the value of the voltage to be regulated V reg .
  • the value of the target voltage V target can be taken equal to the value of the target voltage, which will generally be close to the rated voltage of the network.
  • the voltage to be regulated V reg can itself be worth the output voltage V S measured at the instant t of the triggering of the fast regulation, or the predicted voltage V pred at the same time.
  • Slow regulation is a substitute for fast regulation with the triple condition that the output voltage is not less than V inf , that the predicted voltage is not less than V min , and that the variations of the output voltage are slow. ( ⁇ V ⁇ V v ). Under these conditions, it is allowed to change the transformation ratio of a notch (that is to say we pass on the ratio immediately below or above that activated previously) at least n temp seconds (n temp integer) after the previous switching of the switches. The duration of this delay n temp is calculated so as to keep the flicker below the level of discomfort (this level of discomfort is characterized by an empirical curve connecting the voltage variation to the frequency of this variation).
  • the "fast" control mode is the main mode of regulation. It is called in several cases, and in a different way according to each of these cases: the difference lies in the values of target voltage V target and voltage to be regulated V reg which are involved in the calculation of the new transformation ratio.
  • the "slow" regulation procedure only allows the passage of one transformation report to another consecutive and at the end of a delay equal to n temp seconds (n integer time ).
  • the target voltage V target is then the target voltage and the voltage to be regulated V reg is the output voltage. Consequently, the difference found between the output voltage V S and the target voltage (which may be the nominal voltage of the network) will be reduced by an increase or decrease in the immediately higher or immediately lower transformation ratio, which corresponds to in the example considered, a modification of about 2% of the output voltage.
  • This procedure is called “slow” because the threats to the deviations of the output voltage V s from the nominal voltage of 230 V are low. Indeed, the predicted value does not exceed the predetermined threshold, that is to say that the output voltage does not seem to deviate significantly from the nominal voltage in a given future, and given its speed of variation it also does not seem to deviate from the nominal voltage in the near future.
  • the difference found between the output voltage V s and the nominal voltage or the target voltage will be reduced by an increase or decrease in the immediately higher or immediately lower transformation ratio, which corresponds, in the example considered , at a change of about 2% of the output voltage.
  • the delay is in this mode, for example, 18 s, that is to say that is maintained for at least 18 s this transformation ratio.
  • the "fast" regulation mode is called, in a first case when the output voltage is lower than V inf . If the reliability index that one has of the predicted voltage value V pred is good, the target value V target for the calculation of the new transformation ratio will be worth the nominal voltage V C (close to the nominal voltage generally) , and in the opposite case, V target will be worth a value between V inf and V C.
  • the notion of reliability index will be described in the complete description of the flowchart.
  • V pred is less than V min . If the reliability index is good, V target will be worth V C , and the voltage to be regulated Vreg will be worth the output voltage V S. In the case where the reliability is insufficient, no action is triggered. It is understood that this test makes it possible to anticipate a decrease of V S below V inf , but the regulation is then triggered only if this prediction is reliable.
  • the "fast" regulation is called when the variation of the output voltage is greater than V v .
  • no action is triggered if the reliability is insufficient.
  • the “slow” regulation procedure is chosen for the other cases, that is to say when the output voltage V S is less than V max and the triple condition that V eff is greater than V inf , that V pred is greater than V min and V is less than Vv.
  • the transformation ratio to be applied is developed according to 470 to return as quickly as possible to the target value V target .
  • the contactors 474 are closed and the control procedure 475 is activated.
  • the slow control it passes on the transformation ratio immediately below or immediately higher than 473 then develops a signal capable of giving the control means indications on the switches to close, said control means activating 475 and disabling the corresponding switches.
  • This flowchart includes a test step corresponding to a conditional choice of regulation as a function of the reliability index of the predicted voltage value V pred already mentioned in the description.
  • This reliability index makes it possible to know whether the prediction that has been made of the voltage value in a given future is good or bad.
  • this reliability index is measured by calculating the variance associated with calculating the predicted value.
  • the calculation of the predicted voltage in general, at time t , as a function of the values of the voltage at times t, t - aT and t - 2aT, an associated variance is calculated.
  • Var (t) 0.8975.V 2 (t) - 1.795.V 2 (t - 10ms) + 0.8975; 2 (t - 20ms)
  • a threshold is determined above which it is estimated that the value of the predicted voltage V pred is bad, and it is this value of threshold variance which conditions, in some cases, such or such regulation.
  • the regulation process is controlled by a programmable controller which according to said flowchart of FIG. 4 firstly orders, according to the first test 582, to compare the value of the output voltage V S with the maximum voltage V max .
  • the anti-surge mode 583 is triggered. Nevertheless, there is a case where the anti-surge resistance will not be connected when V S > Vmax: it is the one where the overvoltage is caused by an imbalance of the network. This case is detected by the fact that we have an overvoltage even though the transformation ratio kk 'is lower than the upper limit provided by the standard, ie 6% in the case of rural areas in France.
  • the processor of the PLC carries out a second test 584 comparing the value of the output voltage with the value V inf equivalent, for example, to 207 V (that is ie - 10% of the 230 V nominal value). If the output voltage is lower than V inf , the processor performs a third test 585 on the variance, and if it is below the threshold it triggers the "fast" control mode 586, with a target value V equal to the setpoint V C , otherwise it triggers the "fast" control mode 587 with a target target value V between V min and V C.
  • a fourth test 588 on the value of the predicted voltage is performed. If V pred is less than V min , a fifth 589 test on the variance is performed, and if it is below the threshold, the "fast" control mode 590 is triggered; otherwise no new control mode is triggered.
  • the "fast" regulation mode 594 is triggered if the variance is lower than said threshold, with a target target value V equal to the output voltage n periods earlier and a value to be regulated V reg equal to the output voltage at time t , otherwise no new control mode is triggered.
  • the adapter assembly according to the invention furthermore comprises, in the case of a three-phase network, a plurality of means for summing the tensions on each phase. Said means being physically independent on each phase.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Spannungsadaptereinheit umfassend eine Vorrichtung zum Angleichen der Spannung, an die eine anzugleichende Eingangsspannung VE angelegt wird und die mit Spannungsteilermitteln versehen ist, um eine Zusatzspannung VD zu erstellen, die gleich kVE ist, Mittel, um die Summe (118) aus der Eingangsspannung VE und einem Bruchteil der Zusatzspannung VD zu berechnen, Mittel zum Anlegen einer Spannung VS an den Ausgang der Adaptervorrichtung, Mittel (116, 354) zum Angleichen der Ausgangsspannung VS und Steuermittel (112), um eine Information zu erstellen, die für das Verhältnis k repräsentativ ist, das beim Spannungsteiler anzuwenden ist,
          dadurch gekennzeichnet,    daß die Meßmittel (354) Ausgangsspannungswerte mit einer Häufigkeit T liefern, und dadurch,
       daß die Steuermittel (360) umfassen:
    Mittel (364) zum Erstellen eines vorhergesagten Spannungswertes Vpred in Abhängigkeit von den Ausgangsspannungswerten;
    Mittel (365, 368) zum Vergleichen der vorhergesagten Spannung Vpred mit einem vorbestimmten Wert Vmin und zum Auslösen eines schnellen Regelungsverfahrens, falls Vpred < Vmin, und
    Mittel (367) zum Berechnen der Abweichung der Ausgangsspannung ΔV bei einer Anzahl n von Meßperioden und um, falls Vpred > Vmin, die berechnete Spannungsabweichung mit einem vorbestimmten Spannungswert VV zu vergleichen und um das schnelle Regelungsverfahren auszulösen, falls ΔV > VV, und um im entgegengesetzten Fall ein langsames Regelungsverfahren auszulösen.
  2. Adaptereinheit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner einen Überspannungsschalter (250) und einen Anti-Überspannungswiderstand (252), die parallel auf den Mitteln befestigt sind, um die Summe (118) der Spannungen zu berechnen, und Mittel (363) für das Steuern des offenen oder geschlossenen Zustands des Schalters (250) umfaßt.
  3. Adaptereinheit nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel (364) zum Erstellen eines vorhergesagten Spannungswertes Vpred einen vorhergesagten Spannungswert Vpred zu einem Meßzeitpunkt t ausgehend von den Ausgangsspannungsmessungen zu den Zeitpunkten t, t - aT und t - 2aT erstellen.
  4. Adaptereinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel (112) ferner Mittel (361) zum Vergleichen der gemessenen Ausgangsspannung VS mit einer vorbestimmten Spannung Vmax > Vmin und Mittel (362) zum Erstellen eines Schließsignals des Überspannungsschalters (250) umfassen, wenn die Ausgangsspannung über Vmax liegt.
  5. Adaptereinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuermittel (360) ferner Mittel (361), um die gemessene Ausgangsspannung VS mit einer vorbestimmten Spannung Vinf < Vmin zu vergleichen, und Mittel (368) umfassen, um das schnelle Regelungsverfahren auszulösen, falls die gemessene Spannung geringer als Vinf ist.
  6. Adaptereinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner - im Fall eines Dreiphasennetzes - mehrere Mittel umfaßt, um die Summe der Spannungen auf jeder der Phasen zu berechnen, wobei die Mittel zum Berechnen der Summe der Spannungen physisch auf jeder der Phasen unabhängig sind.
EP01925651A 2000-04-13 2001-04-13 Spannungsadaptereinheit Expired - Lifetime EP1279084B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200130378T SI1279084T1 (en) 2000-04-13 2001-04-13 Voltage adapter assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0004750A FR2807883B1 (fr) 2000-04-13 2000-04-13 Ensemble adaptateur de tension
FR0004750 2000-04-13
PCT/FR2001/001153 WO2001079953A1 (fr) 2000-04-13 2001-04-13 Ensemble adaptateur de tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1279084A1 EP1279084A1 (de) 2003-01-29
EP1279084B1 true EP1279084B1 (de) 2005-05-11

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EP01925651A Expired - Lifetime EP1279084B1 (de) 2000-04-13 2001-04-13 Spannungsadaptereinheit

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1279084B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE295564T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2001252339A1 (de)
BR (1) BR0110005A (de)
DE (1) DE60110780D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2242744T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2807883B1 (de)
MA (1) MA25789A1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA02010160A (de)
PT (1) PT1279084E (de)
WO (1) WO2001079953A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103064454A (zh) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-24 上海美迪馨电子科技有限公司 一种单相精密交流稳压器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB544312A (en) * 1939-10-30 1942-04-08 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in transformer voltage regulating systems
JPH08124768A (ja) * 1994-10-27 1996-05-17 Shiiku Densetsu:Kk 負荷時タップ切替型交流定電圧装置
US5712554A (en) * 1995-12-22 1998-01-27 Thomas E. Dorn Voltage compensation device
US5808454A (en) * 1997-02-28 1998-09-15 Chung; Young Choon Alternating current power control device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103064454A (zh) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-24 上海美迪馨电子科技有限公司 一种单相精密交流稳压器
CN103064454B (zh) * 2011-10-24 2016-01-20 上海美迪馨电子科技有限公司 一种单相精密交流稳压器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2807883B1 (fr) 2002-07-12
EP1279084A1 (de) 2003-01-29
PT1279084E (pt) 2005-09-30
MXPA02010160A (es) 2005-06-06
FR2807883A1 (fr) 2001-10-19
WO2001079953A1 (fr) 2001-10-25
BR0110005A (pt) 2003-02-11
ES2242744T3 (es) 2005-11-16
ATE295564T1 (de) 2005-05-15
DE60110780D1 (de) 2005-06-16
MA25789A1 (fr) 2003-07-01
AU2001252339A1 (en) 2001-10-30

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