EP1277639A1 - Controlling device of the dynamic behaviour of a load bearing bogie and bogie equipped with said device - Google Patents

Abstract

The control system for a bogie with a cross-member (3) joined to two lengthwise members (2), wheel axles and horizontal rails (14) between the top of the chassis and the underside of the structure resting on it. The rails are in the form of curved plates with their concave sides facing the top of the chassis and designed to apply an initial load of about 10 - 25 kN for a contact surface of 300 - 400 sq cm.

Description

The invention relates to a behavior control device dynamics of a bogie carrying a load.

The invention also relates to the bogie provided with said device.

• un châssis comprenant une traverse dont les extrémités sont raccordées à des longerons et
• des essieux pourvus à chaque extrémité d'une roue.

Conventionally, a bogie includes:

• a chassis comprising a cross member, the ends of which are connected to longitudinal members and
• axles provided at each end of a wheel.

This cross called pivot cross has a pivot joint on which rests the structure of a box or platform of a wagon supported at each of its two ends by a bogie.

• une suspension constituée de groupe de deux ressorts reliant la boite d'essieux au châssis du bogie
• deux lisoirs dits verticaux disposés de part et d'autre de la boite d'essieux et
• deux lisoirs dits horizontaux disposés entre la face supérieure du châssis du bogie et la face inférieure de la structure telle la plateforme d'un wagon s'appuyant sur le bogie.

Conventionally, a device for controlling the dynamic behavior of a bogie comprises:

• a suspension consisting of a group of two springs connecting the axle box to the bogie chassis
• two so-called vertical reading boards arranged on either side of the axle box and
• two so-called horizontal reading boards arranged between the upper face of the bogie chassis and the lower face of the structure such as the platform of a wagon resting on the bogie.

The axle box carries at its base a so-called support table extending from on either side of said axle box and on which the support table rests the base of spring groups with at least the upper end supported indirectly on the bogie chassis.

Means for vertical guidance of the axle box are good obviously planned.

The dynamic behavior of a bogie is closely linked to speed of displacement of the bogie, the load which it supports and thus with the various elements constituting the means of association of the axles with the chassis of the bogie.

On the choice of the springs depends in particular the amplitude of the displacement vertical of the axle box.

Vertical reading frames control the damping of movements vertical of the axle box.

The straight line stability of the bogie is controlled by the side bars horizontal.

For this purpose, a friction surface carried by the cross member of the bogie and above it, facing the first surface, a fur carried by the underside of the rail of the wagon.

It’s only when the rail crosses away from the horizontal plane, with a determined amplitude, that the fur comes into contact with the surface friction and therefore exerts its anti-yaw action.

• une console flottante est portée par la traverse du bogie,
• cette console flottante présente une face supérieure destinée à venir en appui sur la face inférieure de la structure du wagon,
• la face inférieure de la console flottante porte un axe vertical de guidage en translation qui coopère avec une glissière avec un jeu de fonctionnement qui, réduit, est approximativement de un millimètre de part et d'autre,
• des ressorts hélicoïdaux situés de part et d'autre de la glissière sollicitent la console vers la traverse du wagon.

More recently, another type of reader has appeared, in the following manner:

• a floating console is carried by the cross member of the bogie,
• this floating console has an upper face intended to come to bear on the lower face of the wagon structure,
• the underside of the floating console carries a vertical axis of translational guide which cooperates with a slide with an operating clearance which, reduced, is approximately one millimeter on each side,
• helical springs located on either side of the slide urge the console towards the rail of the wagon.

We know an elastic support EP-A-4 585 side of the body consists of a curved blade connected to the chassis by an axis transverse to its longitudinal dimension.

This elastic support is mounted so that it can pivot around the aforementioned axis and secondly to allow its free end to move to the both in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.

In addition, a dry stop is arranged under the curved blade to limit the travel.

Such a device has operating disadvantages and congestion.

This stability in a straight line also depends on the support of the wheels with the rail and the choice of suspension components.

The support of the wheels on the rails depends on the taper of the wheel.

The taper is determined by the angle formed by the plane of the table. wheel bearing and the axis of rotation of the wheel.

Indeed, to increase stability, it is recommended to have a taper less than 0.025.

Unfortunately, this has the disadvantage of degrading the rails.

The invention provides a solution for increasing the capacity of load bogies without degrading the dynamic behavior of the bogie and without increase the wear speed.

• une suspension,
• deux lisoirs dits horizontaux disposés entre la face supérieure du châssis du bogie et la face inférieure de la structure s'appuyant sur le bogie,

   ce dispositif de contrôle étant caractérisé en ce que les lisoirs dits horizontaux sont constitués par des lames courbes dont la concavité tournée vers la face supérieure du châssis est définie pour exercer une précharge de l'ordre de 10 à 25kN pour une surface en contact comprise entre 300 et 400 cm2 et avec effet immédiat et que la lame courbe est encastrée au niveau de l'un de ces côtés transversaux tandis que le côté opposé à ce côté encastré est libre de se déplacer dans une direction perpendiculaire au côté encastré.To this end, the subject of the invention is a device for controlling the dynamic behavior of a bogie comprising:

• a suspension,
• two so-called horizontal reading boards arranged between the upper face of the bogie chassis and the lower face of the structure resting on the bogie,

this control device being characterized in that the so-called horizontal readers are constituted by curved blades whose concavity facing the upper face of the chassis is defined to exert a preload of the order of 10 to 25kN for a contact surface between 300 and 400 cm2 and with immediate effect and that the curved blade is recessed at one of these transverse sides while the side opposite to this recessed side is free to move in a direction perpendicular to the recessed side.

• figure 1 : une vue de dessus d'un chassis de bogie,
• figure 2 : une vue partielle selon F de la figure 1,
• figure 3 : une vue d'une suspension,
• figure 4 : un détail d'une roue,
• figure 5 : une variante de la figure 1,
• figure 6 : une vue latérale d'un lisoir.

The invention will be clearly understood with the aid of the description below given by way of nonlimiting example with regard to the appended drawing which schematically represents:

• Figure 1: a top view of a bogie chassis,
• FIG. 2: a partial view along F of FIG. 1,
• Figure 3: a view of a suspension,
• Figure 4: a detail of a wheel,
• FIG. 5: a variant of FIG. 1,
• Figure 6: a side view of a reader.

Referring to the drawing, we see a bogie 1 and its suspension.

This bogie 1 comprises a cross-member 3 whose ends are connected to beams 2.

The cross-member 3 has a box structure comprising walls lower 4, lateral 5, 6 and upper 7 assembled by welding with a cross section which varies according to its position along the longitudinal axis 8 of this crosspiece which is orthogonal to the longitudinal axis 9 of the bogie.

Each beam 2 has an I-section with a vertical core 2A which, located between an upper sole 2B and a lower sole 2C, has a variable height depending on its position along the longitudinal axis of the spar.

This cross member 3, called pivot cross member, has a pivot joint 10 on which rests the structure of a wagon body supported at each of its two ends by a bogie.

• une boite 11 d'essieux dans laquelle est guidée en rotation l'extrémité d'un essieu portant lui-même la roue 12, cette boite d'essieux portant à sa base une table dite d'appui s'étendant de part et d'autre de la boite d'essieux,
• en appui sur la table d'appui, la base de deux moyens élastiques 13 dont l'extrémité supérieure prend appui sur un chapeau associé au châssis par des anneaux inclinés,
• des moyens de guidage vertical de la boite d'essieux et
• des lisoirs verticaux 30 qui, frottant au moins indirectement sur les parois latérales de la boite d'essieux, sont sollicité par les chapeaux précités, et
• des lisoirs 14 dits horizontaux disposés entre la face supérieure du châssis du bogie et la face inférieure de la structure s'appuyant sur le bogie.

Conventionally, the bogie suspension includes:

• an axle box 11 in which is guided in rotation the end of an axle itself carrying the wheel 12, this axle box carrying at its base a so-called support table extending on either side other from the axle box,
• resting on the support table, the base of two elastic means 13, the upper end of which rests on a cap associated with the chassis by inclined rings,
• means for vertical guiding of the axle box and
• vertical readers 30 which, rubbing at least indirectly on the side walls of the axle box, are stressed by the aforementioned caps, and
• 14 so-called horizontal reading boards arranged between the upper face of the bogie chassis and the lower face of the structure resting on the bogie.

Each elastic means 13 is constituted by a group of two coaxial mounted springs.

The axle box 11 can therefore move along a vertical axis and the operating clearances between the side face of the axle box and the chassis guide means allows the axle to move in a horizontal plane.

By the technical choice of these elements, a device is created. control of the dynamic behavior of the bogie supporting a load.

• les lisoirs 14 dits horizontaux sont constitués par des lames 14A courbes dont la concavité tournée vers la face supérieure du châssis est définie pour exercer une précharge et avoir ainsi un minimum de frottement.

According to one characteristic:

• the 14 horizontal so-called reading racks are formed by curved blades 14A whose concavity facing the upper face of the chassis is defined to exert a preload and thus have a minimum of friction.

The curved blade 14A is embedded at one of these 15 sides 15, 16 transverse while the side opposite this embedded side is free to move in a direction perpendicular to the recessed side.

Guides 17 located on either side of the two longitudinal sides 18, 19 which are perpendicular to the recessed side, in particular avoid an effect of shear of the reading blade and prevent the transverse movement of the free end of this blade.

As we can see, the guides are, either globally shaped elongated (Figure 5), or in the form of a pawn (Figure 1).

This preload is of the order of 10 to 25 kN for a surface in contact between 300 and 400 cm2 in particular, for a load of 25tonnes / axle.

This preload value depends on the natural tare of the wagon which oscillates between eighteen and thirty four tonnes.

It also depends on the nature of the materials in contact with each other. the other.

Values are given for friction using surfaces synthetic and not metal on metal.

The lower the tare, the lower the preload.

As a preload, we will understand a layout of the reader and a concavity such as in all positions, the horizontal reading boards which are on either side and on the other side of the longitudinal median axis of the bogie, are in contact with the face lower of the structure and already exerts a friction effect, crosses it platform carrier being in equilibrium, i.e. horizontal and parallel at the top of the bogie.

The reading machine therefore always exerts a minimum damping friction immediate ie there is no delay.

There is no delay effect due to a catch-up game.

The strip 14A reading edge comprises, at its support zone, a part plane 20 on either side of which extend curved zones 21, 22 the curvature of which is determined according to the location of the reading blade, the nature of the material, the value of the preload and the amplitude of the stroke.

The blade is of constant thickness which allows to use dishes of the trade soaked or laminated.

The upper face of the reading blade cooperates with a so-called support piece (not shown) or fur worn by the underside of the pivot cross member of the wagon body.

For example, we will use polyurethane to make this fur fixed under the pivot cross member of the wagon.

In Figure 6, the dashboard has been shown in broken lines when it is not loaded, i.e. when the platform is not supported on it.

In one embodiment (Figure 5), the reader is located along the bogie chassis beam.

Advantageously (FIG. 1), the reading blade 14A is embedded on the crosses 3 of the bogie and extends from its embedding area located near the pivot towards the outside of the bogie along the longitudinal axis of the pivot cross-member.

The free edge of this reading blade is slightly recessed by relative to the external lateral edge of the spar.

For embedding, the reading blade is pinched between two jaws 24 attached to the upper side of the chassis.

Another method of attachment is obviously possible, but it must be chosen so that this blade end does not move.

This reading blade extends substantially over the entire width of the crosspiece.

By increasing the surface, we can reduce the thickness of the blade and avoid too much preload if the thickness was greater.

Note that the blade can be crushed completely and come to rest on the side member or the cross member depending on the layout, thereby saving space and thereby obtaining a larger flat contact surface with the fur. The more the blade is crushed, the greater the force and the larger the surface is important which leads to increasing the efficiency of the device.

Due to the embedding, there is perfect longitudinal rigidity and, as a result in fact, with prestressing, there is no delay in the efficiency of the system.

To allow this transverse implantation of the reader, the face upper cross member also forms the upper part of the beam chassis and therefore extends continuously. So the upper side of the chassis of the bogie extends without discontinuity.

Thus, the lower 2B and upper 2C flanges of the side members 2 are constituted respectively by the extension of the lower walls 4 and upper 7 of the ends of the cross-member 3 which, for this purpose, are divided into branches 4A, 7A which extend along the longitudinal axes of the side members 2 so these lower and upper walls have themselves in order to above substantially an H shape.

Note that the distance between the side walls 5, 6 of the cross measured along a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis 9 of the bogie tapers towards the ends of the crossmember and, for this purpose, these side walls are curved with their convex faces facing outwards and the ends of these side walls are fixed on the internal 2D face of the core 2A stringers.

Advantageously, the upper wall 7 of the cross member 3 has its width which, measured in the longitudinal direction of the bogie, varies along the longitudinal axis of the cross member to reach, in the middle part of the cross member, a width considerably greater than the distance measured between the two side walls 5, 6 and, near the side members, an area of minimum width substantially equivalent to the distance measured between the side walls.

The reduction in cross-sectional area near the side members improves the torsional behavior of the chassis and the increase in width of the crosspiece in its middle part makes it possible to compensate for its weakening linked to the cut housing the means of articulation of the platform.

Advantageously, the taper profile of the wheels is of the order of 0.05.

The taper profile is given by the angle formed between the axis 100 of the wheel and the wheel tread table 200.

This increase in taper is in principle contrary to a increase in straight line stability but the immediate effect of the reading blades without longitudinal play can counteract the lace effect. It allows by elsewhere a better turn in the curve thanks to a more differential effect important between the wheels.

Claims (8)

Device for controlling the dynamic behavior of a bogie supporting a load, comprising: a chassis comprising a cross member (3), the ends of which are connected to longitudinal members (2), axles provided at each end of a wheel, and so-called horizontal sideboards (14) disposed between the upper face of the bogie chassis and the lower face of the structure resting on the bogie, this device being CHARACTERIZED in that the so-called horizontal sideboards (14) consist of curved blades (14A) whose concavity facing the upper face of the chassis is defined to exert a preload of the order of 10 to 25kN for a surface in contact between 300 and 400 cm2 and with immediate effect and that the curved blade (14A) is recessed at one (15) of these transverse sides (15, 16) while the side opposite this recessed side is free to move in a direction perpendicular to the recessed side. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the scraper blade (14A) comprises, at its support zone, a flat part (20) on either side of which extend curved zones (21, 22 ) whose curvature is determined according to the location of the reading blade, the nature of the material, the value of the preload and the amplitude of the stroke. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reading blade (14A) is embedded on the cross-member (3) of the bogie and extends from its embedding zone located near the pivot towards the outside of the bogie along the axis longitudinal of the pivot crosspiece. Device according to claim 3 characterized in that the reading blade extends substantially over the entire width of the cross-member. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that , to allow the transverse implantation of the reader, the upper face of the crossmember also forms the upper part of the frame spar and therefore extends without discontinuity. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the reader is located along the side member of the bogie chassis. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the reading blade is pinched between two jaws (24) fixed on the upper face of the frame. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the taper profile of the wheels is of the order of 0.05.

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