EP1274594A1 - Decorative paper and method for impregnating one such decorative paper - Google Patents

Decorative paper and method for impregnating one such decorative paper

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Publication number
EP1274594A1
EP1274594A1 EP01913818A EP01913818A EP1274594A1 EP 1274594 A1 EP1274594 A1 EP 1274594A1 EP 01913818 A EP01913818 A EP 01913818A EP 01913818 A EP01913818 A EP 01913818A EP 1274594 A1 EP1274594 A1 EP 1274594A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
decorative paper
fibers
balls
silicon carbide
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01913818A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1274594B2 (en
EP1274594B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter DÖHRING
Anton Ott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lignum Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Kronospan Technical Co Ltd filed Critical Kronospan Technical Co Ltd
Publication of EP1274594A1 publication Critical patent/EP1274594A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0469—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper
    • B44C5/0476—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper with abrasion resistant properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
    • D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
    • D21H27/26—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses characterised by the overlay sheet or the top layers of the structures
    • D21H27/28—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses characterised by the overlay sheet or the top layers of the structures treated to obtain specific resistance properties, e.g. against wear or weather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for impregnating a decorative paper and to a decorative paper impregnated according to the method.
  • the invention further relates to the manufacture and provision of panels using the decorative paper.
  • a method for impregnating decorative paper is known from WO 00/44984.
  • Decorative paper is first moistened with an amino resin and thus impregnated.
  • the amount of resin is regulated by means of metering rollers.
  • a layer of an amino resin in a special dispersion is sprayed onto the moistened wet decorative paper, the final basis weight - based on the dry weight of the raw paper - being 100% to 250%.
  • the sprayed dispersion contains abrasive substances such as silicon carbide or corundum.
  • the impregnated decorative paper is used for the production of panels, in particular for the production of panels.
  • a panel for example known from the document EP 090 6994 AI, is a generally elongated, thin plate which can be connected to other panels laterally, that is to say on the longitudinal and transverse sides, for example via grooves and tongues. Panels connected in this way are used in particular as flooring or as wall cladding.
  • a panel is manufactured, inter alia, by a pressing process as follows.
  • a film-like layer impregnated with resin, which is called "backing paper” is provided.
  • a backing plate is arranged above the backing paper.
  • the "decorative paper” is applied to the backing plate in such a way that the decor with the abrasion-resistant materials corundum or silicon carbide is exposed to the outside
  • a layer consisting of cellulose and amino resin is additionally applied to the side with the silicon carbide or corundum.
  • the cellulose layer is referred to as an "overlay”.
  • the decorative paper is then located between the carrier plate and the additional layer having the overlay.
  • the backing paper, backing plate, decorative paper and additional layer are then pressed together at a temperature in the order of 200 ° C.
  • the resin used begins to flow and polycondenses into a rigid network. When the layer system leaves the press, the resin solidifies and a basic panel is finished. Sawing and milling are used to produce panels with the required dimensions, tongues and grooves on the side.
  • the carrier plate gives the panel mechanical stability.
  • the decor on the decor paper determines the appearance of the later wall or floor surface.
  • the layer made of corundum or silicon carbide ensures good resistance to abrasion and the like.
  • the return paper acts as a default Support plate against during the pressing.
  • the overlay protects a surface of the press from the otherwise protruding hard silicon carbide or corundum grains and embeds them in amino resin.
  • a double belt laminating system is preferably used as the press.
  • Two metal belts are each driven analogously to an assembly line with the help of two rollers.
  • the tapes are pressed against each other and heated.
  • the layer system described above is inserted between the belts and pressed in the process.
  • the metal strips are damaged by the corundum or silicon carbide particles.
  • the metal strips must then be refurbished.
  • the processing of the tapes is expensive and may stop production during the processing time.
  • the cellulose layer is also expensive.
  • the object of the invention is to provide improved decorative papers for the inexpensive production of boards.
  • Procedural 'rensdorf decorative paper is impregnated, while - on one side provided not only with abrasion-resistant particles such as silicon carbide or corundum particles, but additionally with the fibers and / or spheres.
  • the fibers or balls consist of soft materials such as polyester, polyamide or glass. The fibers and / or balls protect a press belt from damage during the pressing of a layer system which comprises the decorative paper. It is not necessary to provide an overlay above a layer with abrasion-resistant particles. This saves approximately 1/3 of the costs incurred in the prior art for impregnating the decorative paper and applying a layer with the overlay.
  • the impregnation of the decorative paper comprises in particular the following steps.
  • the decorative paper is impregnated with resin, in particular an amino resin, and abrasion-resistant particles are applied to one side with the decor.
  • the fibers and / or balls are then applied to this.
  • the result is that the fibers and / balls form a protective cover layer above the abrasion-resistant particles in a pressing device.
  • the method can be configured as follows.
  • the decorative paper is first moistened with an amino resin and thereby impregnated.
  • the amount of resin is regulated by means of metering rollers.
  • a layer of an amino resin in a special dispersion is applied to the damp, wet decorative paper puffed out, the final basis weight - based on the dry weight of the base paper - being 100% to 250%.
  • Spraying on the dispersion has proven to be advantageous, as can be seen from the publication WO 00/44984. In the following, it is expedient to ensure smoothing and uniform distribution of the sprayed-in dispersion by means of rollers.
  • the aforementioned dispersion preferably consists of 100 parts of an amino resin, 20 to 95 parts of an abrasive, ie abrasion-resistant substance, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of one
  • Silane coupling agent 5 to 25 parts of a flow aid, 0.1 to 0.4 parts of a wetting agent, 0.05 to 0.4 parts of a release agent and an amino resin hardener.
  • a melamine resin is used in particular as an amino resin, as a flow aid, for example, polyglycol ether, e-caprolactam or butanediol, and as an abrasive substance, for example silicon carbide with an average grain size of 60 to 160 ⁇ m or aluminum oxide in the form of corundum or from the melt with a grain size of 60 to 160 / ⁇ m used. Any mixture of silicon carbide and aluminum oxide can also be provided.
  • the subsequent application of fibers and / or balls is advantageously carried out as follows.
  • a mixture of a resin, the fibers or the balls is produced and the mixture is applied to the decorative paper treated in the aforementioned manner.
  • Providing a mixture improves protection in a press right, because then the additional resin also helps to protect.
  • the thickness of the fibers or the diameter of the balls should preferably be selected so that the corundum or silicon carbide particles are kept away from the corresponding surface of the press during the pressing of a corresponding layer system for the production of plates. This prevents damage due to hard silicon carbide or corundum particles.
  • the average diameter of the balls is preferably larger than the average diameter of the fibers if both fibers and balls are used.
  • Balls then ensure the desired protective distance between the abrasion-resistant particles and, for example, a press belt.
  • the fibers in particular ensure that resin is fixed and counteract crack formation.
  • the surface of a press concerned is improved and particularly inexpensively by the invention against damage from abrasion-resistant particles, for example hard corundum or
  • Typical fiber lengths are at least 0.5 mm, but preferably at least a few millimeters, for example 2 mm, 4 mm or 5 mm.
  • An upper limit of the fiber length is given in particular by the associated increase in viscosity. If the viscosity of a resin-fiber mixture is too high, it can no longer be processed.
  • the diameter of the fibers is, for example, a few 10 ⁇ m or even 100 ⁇ m and more.
  • a typical diameter of the balls is 30 to 200 ⁇ m. On the one hand, this ensures the desired distance between the corundum or silicon carbide particles and the corresponding surface in a press. On the other hand, the balls are small enough not to be seen by the naked eye.
  • optical impression is not adversely affected by the fibers or balls if they have the aforementioned dimensions and are embedded in the resin.
  • the fibers or balls are preferably made of polyester, polyamide or glass. These materials fulfill the properties that are required during production and after production. They are sufficiently stable during production. Polyester, polyamide or glass are sufficiently soft materials in the sense of the invention to avoid damage to a pressing device. In the case of a finished plate, a sufficient transparency is created so that the visual impression of the decor is not adversely affected.
  • the materials advantageously enable relatively large, processable fiber lengths which significantly exceed the length of fibers made of cellulose and used according to the invention.
  • the increase in viscosity with increasing fiber length of artificial polymers such as polyester, polyamide fibers or glass fibers is namely small in comparison to the increasing fiber length of cellulose fibers.
  • Fibers are better able to protect a press against damage compared to short fibers. This is particularly the case if the fibers are in the form of a nonwoven, as will be explained below.
  • the fibers and / or balls can consist of different materials.
  • polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and glass fibers can be used at the same time.
  • Fibers should be preferred over spheres, as this avoids the formation of cracks in the surface.
  • Balls are therefore preferably used in addition.
  • Hollow spheres made of glass are therefore preferably added as spheres to reinforce the protective effect, which in particular have a diameter of 30 to 200 ⁇ m for the aforementioned reasons.
  • the decorative paper as claimed preferably has a solids mass of 30 to 300 g / m 2 .
  • the fiber content is then in particular 5 to 100 g / m 2 . additionally up to 80 g / m 2 spheres, in particular hollow micro glass spheres, are advantageously provided for reinforcement.
  • the fibers are in the form of a fleece.
  • the fibers are woven together, so to speak.
  • a fleece reinforces and protects in a particularly good way. The risk of cracking is further reduced and thus the risk of damage to the surface concerned in each case.
  • the protective effect is further improved by introducing balls.
  • Printed decorative paper with a mass of 70 g / m 2 is passed through an amino resin bath in such a way that an application of 70 g / m 2 of resin (solids content) takes place.
  • a commercially available amino resin is used.
  • a 15 g / m 2 corundum layer is evenly applied to the top of the decor.
  • the now wet paper web is fed to a floating dryer. The temperature in the dryer is 170 ° C.
  • a mixture of a commercially available amino resin and polyester fibers is metered onto the top of the decor onto the web treated in this way.
  • the solids mass of the order is 70 g / m 2 .
  • the fiber content in the mixture is 30% by mass.
  • the average length of the fibers is 5 mm.
  • the average diameter is 80 ⁇ m.
  • a second drying step is then carried out at 160 ° C until the residual moisture is 7%.
  • the decorative paper impregnated in this way is further processed in the manner mentioned at the outset to form

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing decorative paper by means of the following steps: resin and abrasionproof particles are applied to the decorative paper and fibres and/or balls are applied to the abrasionproof particles. In this way, decorative paper having aluminium oxide particles and/or silicon carbide particles on the decorative upper side, to which fibrous web embedded in a resin is applied, can be economically produced, said fibrous web consisting of fibres having a mean minimum length of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 2 mm. The press used to compress the decorative paper onto a carrier plate in order to form a panel is thus protected from damage in an especially good and economical manner.

Description

Dekorpapier sowie Verfahren zur Imprägnierung eines DekorpapiersDecorative paper and process for impregnating a decorative paper
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Imprägnierung eines Dekorpapiers sowie ein verfahrensgemäß imprägniertes Dekorpapier. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner die Her- und Bereitstellung von Platten unter Verwen- düng des Dekorpapiers.The invention relates to a method for impregnating a decorative paper and to a decorative paper impregnated according to the method. The invention further relates to the manufacture and provision of panels using the decorative paper.
Ein Verfahren zum Imprägnieren von Dekorpapier ist aus der Druckschrift WO 00/44984 bekannt. Dekorpapier wird zunächst mit einem Aminoharz angefeuchtet und so im- prägniert. Die Menge des Harzes wird mittels Dosierwalzen geregelt. Auf das angefeuchtete nasse Dekorpapier wird zusätzlich eine Schicht aus einem Aminoharz in spezieller Dispersion aufgedüst, wobei die endgültige Flächenmasse - bezogen auf die Trockenmasse des Rohpa- piers - 100% bis 250% beträgt. Die aufgedüste Dispersion enthält abrasive Substanzen wie Siliziumkarbid oder Korund.A method for impregnating decorative paper is known from WO 00/44984. Decorative paper is first moistened with an amino resin and thus impregnated. The amount of resin is regulated by means of metering rollers. In addition, a layer of an amino resin in a special dispersion is sprayed onto the moistened wet decorative paper, the final basis weight - based on the dry weight of the raw paper - being 100% to 250%. The sprayed dispersion contains abrasive substances such as silicon carbide or corundum.
Das imprägnierte Dekorpapier wird zur Herstellung von Platten und zwar insbesondere zur Herstellung von Paneelen verwendet.The impregnated decorative paper is used for the production of panels, in particular for the production of panels.
Ein Paneel, zum Beispiel bekannt aus der Druckschrift EP 090 6994 AI, ist eine in der Regel längliche, dünne Platte, die seitlich, also an den Längs- und Querseiten zum Beispiel über Nuten und Federn mit weiteren Paneelen verbunden werden kann. So miteinander verbundene Paneele werden insbesondere als Fußbodenbelag oder als Wandverkleidung eingesetzt. Ein Paneel wird gemäß dem Stand der Technik u. a. durch ein Pressverfahren wie folgt hergestellt. Eine mit Harz getränkte folienartige Schicht, welche „Gegenzugpapier" genannt wird, wird bereitgestellt. Oberhalb des Gegen- zugpapiers wird eine Trägerplatte angeordnet. Das "Dekorpapier" wird auf die Trägerplatte so aufgebracht, dass das Dekor mit den abriebfesten Materialien Korund oder Siliziumkarbid nach außen weist, also von außen sichtbar ist. Auf die Seite mit dem Siliziumkarbid oder Korund wird zusätzlich eine aus Cellulose und Aminoharz bestehende Schicht aufgebracht. Die Celluloseschicht wird als "Overlay" bezeichnet.A panel, for example known from the document EP 090 6994 AI, is a generally elongated, thin plate which can be connected to other panels laterally, that is to say on the longitudinal and transverse sides, for example via grooves and tongues. Panels connected in this way are used in particular as flooring or as wall cladding. According to the prior art, a panel is manufactured, inter alia, by a pressing process as follows. A film-like layer impregnated with resin, which is called "backing paper", is provided. A backing plate is arranged above the backing paper. The "decorative paper" is applied to the backing plate in such a way that the decor with the abrasion-resistant materials corundum or silicon carbide is exposed to the outside A layer consisting of cellulose and amino resin is additionally applied to the side with the silicon carbide or corundum. The cellulose layer is referred to as an "overlay".
Das Dekorpapier befindet sich dann zwischen der Trägerplatte und der zusätzlichen, das Overlay aufweisenden Schicht. Anschließend werden Gegenzugpapier, Trägerplatte, Dekorpapier und zusätzliche Schicht bei einer Temperatur in der Größenordnung von 200 °C miteinander verpresst. Das eingesetzte Harz fängt an zu fließen und polykondensiert zu einem steifen Netzwerk. Verlässt das Schichtsystem die Presse, so verfestigt sich das Harz und ein Paneelgrundkörper ist fertiggestellt. Durch Sägen und Fräsen werden hieraus Paneele mit den gewünsch- ten Maßen, seitlich angebrachten Federn und Nuten hergestellt.The decorative paper is then located between the carrier plate and the additional layer having the overlay. The backing paper, backing plate, decorative paper and additional layer are then pressed together at a temperature in the order of 200 ° C. The resin used begins to flow and polycondenses into a rigid network. When the layer system leaves the press, the resin solidifies and a basic panel is finished. Sawing and milling are used to produce panels with the required dimensions, tongues and grooves on the side.
Die Trägerplatte verleiht dem Paneel die mechanische Stabilität. Das Dekor auf dem Dekorpapier bestimmt das Aussehen der späteren Wand- oder Fußbodenoberfläche. Die aus Korund oder Siliziumkarbid bestehende Schicht sorgt für eine gute Festigkeit gegenüber Abrieb und dergleichen. Das Gegenzugpapier wirkt einem Verzug der Trägerplatte während des Verpressens entgegen. Das Overlay schützt eine Oberfläche der Presse vor den andernfalls hervorstehenden harten Siliziumkarbid- oder Korundkörnern und bettet diese in Aminoharz ein.The carrier plate gives the panel mechanical stability. The decor on the decor paper determines the appearance of the later wall or floor surface. The layer made of corundum or silicon carbide ensures good resistance to abrasion and the like. The return paper acts as a default Support plate against during the pressing. The overlay protects a surface of the press from the otherwise protruding hard silicon carbide or corundum grains and embeds them in amino resin.
Als Presse wird aus Kosten- und Qualitätsgründen bevorzugt eine Doppelbandlaminieranlage eingesetzt. Zwei Metallbänder werden jeweils analog zu einem Fließband mit Hilfe von je zwei Walzen angetrieben. Die Bänder werden gegeneinander gepresst und erhitzt. Das oben beschriebene Schichtsystem wird zwischen die Bänder eingeführt und dabei verpresst.For cost and quality reasons, a double belt laminating system is preferably used as the press. Two metal belts are each driven analogously to an assembly line with the help of two rollers. The tapes are pressed against each other and heated. The layer system described above is inserted between the belts and pressed in the process.
Trotz des Overlays werden die Metallbänder durch die Korund- oder Siliziumkarbid-Partikel beschädigt. Die Metallbänder müssen dann aufgearbeitet werden. Die Aufarbeitung der Bänder ist teuer und stoppt unter Umständen die Produktion während der Aufarbeitungszeit. Die Celluloseschicht ist ferner teuer.Despite the overlay, the metal strips are damaged by the corundum or silicon carbide particles. The metal strips must then be refurbished. The processing of the tapes is expensive and may stop production during the processing time. The cellulose layer is also expensive.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung verbesserter Dekorpapiere zur preiswerten Herstellung von Platten.The object of the invention is to provide improved decorative papers for the inexpensive production of boards.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des ersten Anspruchs sowie durch ein Dekorpapier mit den Merkmalen des Nebenanspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Verfah'rensgemäß wird Dekorpapier imprägniert und dabei - auf einer Seite nicht nur mit abriebfesten Partikeln wie Siliziumkarbid- oder Korundpartikeln, sondern zusätzlich mit Fasern und/ oder Kugeln versehen. Die Fa- sern oder Kugeln bestehen im Vergleich zu den abriebfesten Partikeln aus weichen Materialien wie Polyester, Polyamid oder Glas. Die Fasern und/ oder Kugeln schützen ein Pressband während des Verpressens eines Schichtsystems, welches das Dekorpapier umfasst, vor Beschädigungen. Auf Vorsehen eines Overlays oberhalb einer Schicht mit abriebfesten Partikeln kann verzichtet werden. Es werden so ca. 1/3 der Kosten eingespart, die für das Imprägnieren des Dekorpapiers nebst Aufbringen einer Schicht mit dem Overlay beim Stand der Technik anfallen.The object of the invention is achieved by a method with the features of the first claim and by a decorative paper with the features of the subsidiary claim. Advantageous refinements result from the subclaims. Procedural 'rensgemäß decorative paper is impregnated, while - on one side provided not only with abrasion-resistant particles such as silicon carbide or corundum particles, but additionally with the fibers and / or spheres. In comparison to the abrasion-resistant particles, the fibers or balls consist of soft materials such as polyester, polyamide or glass. The fibers and / or balls protect a press belt from damage during the pressing of a layer system which comprises the decorative paper. It is not necessary to provide an overlay above a layer with abrasion-resistant particles. This saves approximately 1/3 of the costs incurred in the prior art for impregnating the decorative paper and applying a layer with the overlay.
Die Imprägnierung des Dekorpapiers umfasst insbesondere folgende Schritte. Das Dekorpapier wird mit Harz, insbesondere einem Aminoharz getränkt, und auf einer Seite mit dem Dekor werden abriebfeste Partikel aufgebracht. Anschließend werden hierauf die Fasern und/ oder Kugeln aufgebracht. So wird erreicht, dass die Fasern und/ Kugeln eine schützende Deckschicht oberhalb der abriebfesten Partikel in einer PressVorrichtung bilden.The impregnation of the decorative paper comprises in particular the following steps. The decorative paper is impregnated with resin, in particular an amino resin, and abrasion-resistant particles are applied to one side with the decor. The fibers and / or balls are then applied to this. The result is that the fibers and / balls form a protective cover layer above the abrasion-resistant particles in a pressing device.
Vor dem Aufbringen der Fasern oder Kugeln kann das Verfahren wie folgt ausgestaltet sein.Before the fibers or balls are applied, the method can be configured as follows.
Das Dekorpapier wird zunächst mit einem Aminoharz ange- feuchtet und dadurch imprägniert. Die Menge des Harzes wird dabei mittels Dosierwalzen geregelt. Auf das angefeuchtete, nasse Dekorpapier wird zusätzlich eine Schicht aus einem Aminoharz in spezieller Dispersion aufgedust, wobei die endgültige Flächenmasse - bezogen auf die Trockenmasse des Rohpapiers - 100 % bis 250 % beträgt. Die Dispersion aufzudüsen, hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wie der Druckschrift WO 00/44984 zu entnehmen ist. Nachfolgend ist es zweckmäßig, mittels Walzen eine Glättung und Gleichverteilung der aufgedüsten Dispersion sicherzustellen.The decorative paper is first moistened with an amino resin and thereby impregnated. The amount of resin is regulated by means of metering rollers. In addition, a layer of an amino resin in a special dispersion is applied to the damp, wet decorative paper puffed out, the final basis weight - based on the dry weight of the base paper - being 100% to 250%. Spraying on the dispersion has proven to be advantageous, as can be seen from the publication WO 00/44984. In the following, it is expedient to ensure smoothing and uniform distribution of the sprayed-in dispersion by means of rollers.
Die vorgenannte Dispersion besteht bevorzugt aus 100 Teilen eines Aminoharzes, 20 bis 95 Teilen abrasiver, also abriebfester Substanz, 0,5 bis 2,5 Teilen einesThe aforementioned dispersion preferably consists of 100 parts of an amino resin, 20 to 95 parts of an abrasive, ie abrasion-resistant substance, 0.5 to 2.5 parts of one
Silanhaftvermittlers, 5 bis 25 Teilen eines Fließhilfsstoffes, 0, 1 bis 0,4 Teilen eines Netzmittels, 0,05 bis 0,4 Teilen eines Trennmittels und eines Aminoharz- härters .Silane coupling agent, 5 to 25 parts of a flow aid, 0.1 to 0.4 parts of a wetting agent, 0.05 to 0.4 parts of a release agent and an amino resin hardener.
Als Aminoharz wird insbesondere ein Melaminharz, als Fließhilfsstoff zum Beispiel Polyglycolether, E- Caprolactam oder Butandiol sowie als abrasive Substanz zum Beispiel Siliziumkarbid mit einer durchschnittli- chen Korngröße von 60 bis 160 μ oder Alüminiumoxid in Form von Korund oder aus der Schmelze mit einer Korngröße von 60 bis 160 /μm verwendet. Es kann auch eine beliebige Mischung aus Siliziumkarbid und Aluminiumoxid vorgesehen werden.A melamine resin is used in particular as an amino resin, as a flow aid, for example, polyglycol ether, e-caprolactam or butanediol, and as an abrasive substance, for example silicon carbide with an average grain size of 60 to 160 μm or aluminum oxide in the form of corundum or from the melt with a grain size of 60 to 160 / μm used. Any mixture of silicon carbide and aluminum oxide can also be provided.
Das anschließende Aufbringen von Fasern und/ oder Kugeln geschieht zweckmäßig folgendermaßen. Es wird eine Mischung aus einem Harz, den Fasern bzw. den Kugeln hergestellt und die Mischung auf das in vorgenannter Weise behandelte Dekorpapier aufgetragen. Das Vorsehen einer Mischung verbessert den Schutz in einer Pressvor- richtutig weiter, da dann -auch- das zusätzliche Harz zum Schutz beiträgt.The subsequent application of fibers and / or balls is advantageously carried out as follows. A mixture of a resin, the fibers or the balls is produced and the mixture is applied to the decorative paper treated in the aforementioned manner. Providing a mixture improves protection in a press right, because then the additional resin also helps to protect.
Die Dicke der Fasern oder der Durchmesser der Kugeln sind vorzugsweise so zu wählen, dass während des Pres- sens eines entsprechenden Schichtsystems zur Herstellung von Platten die Korund- oder Siliziumkarbid-Partikeln von der entsprechenden Oberfläche der Presse ferngehalten werden. Beschädigungen auf Grund von harten Siliziumkarbid- oder Korundpartikeln werden so vermieden.The thickness of the fibers or the diameter of the balls should preferably be selected so that the corundum or silicon carbide particles are kept away from the corresponding surface of the press during the pressing of a corresponding layer system for the production of plates. This prevents damage due to hard silicon carbide or corundum particles.
Der mittlere Durchmesser der Kugeln ist bevorzugt größer als der mittlere Durchmesser der Fasern, wenn sowohl Fasern als auch Kugeln eingesetzt werden. DieThe average diameter of the balls is preferably larger than the average diameter of the fibers if both fibers and balls are used. The
Kugeln stellen dann den gewünschten schützenden Abstand zwischen den abriebfesten Partikeln und beispielsweise einem Pressband sicher. Die Fasern sorgen insbesondere für eine Fixierung von Harz und wirken einer Rissbildung entgegen.Balls then ensure the desired protective distance between the abrasion-resistant particles and, for example, a press belt. The fibers in particular ensure that resin is fixed and counteract crack formation.
Die jeweils betroffene Oberfläche einer Presse wird durch die Erfindung in verbesserter und in besonders preiswerter Weise vor Beschädigungen durch abriebfeste Partikel, also zum Beispiel harte Korund- oderThe surface of a press concerned is improved and particularly inexpensively by the invention against damage from abrasion-resistant particles, for example hard corundum or
Siliziumkarbidpartikel geschützt. Die Aufarbeitung der betroffenen Oberflächen in einer Presse - so zum Beispiel ein Pressband einer sogenannten Doppelband- Laminieranlage - erfolgt in entsprechend größeren zeitlichen Abständen, so dass mit der Aufarbeitung verbundene Kosten und Produktionsausfälle verringert werden. Insgesamt ergeben sich beträchtliche Kostenersparnisse. Typische Faserlängen betragen wenigstens 0,5 mm, bevorzugt jedoch wenigstens einige Millimeter, so zum Beispiel 2 mm, 4mm oder 5 mm. Je länger die Faser ist, desto besser vermag diese die Oberfläche einer Platte vor Rissbildung zu schützen. Eine Obergrenze der Faserlänge ist insbesondere durch den damit verbundenen Viskositätsanstieg gegeben. Bei zu hoher Viskosität einer Harz-Faser-Mischung kann diese nicht mehr verarbeitet werden. Der Durchmesser der Fasern liegt beispielsweise bei einigen 10 μm oder auch bei 100 μm und mehr.Protected silicon carbide particles. The processing of the affected surfaces in a press - for example a press belt of a so-called double belt laminating system - takes place at correspondingly larger intervals, so that the costs and production downtimes associated with the processing are reduced. Overall, there are considerable cost savings. Typical fiber lengths are at least 0.5 mm, but preferably at least a few millimeters, for example 2 mm, 4 mm or 5 mm. The longer the fiber, the better it is able to protect the surface of a plate from cracking. An upper limit of the fiber length is given in particular by the associated increase in viscosity. If the viscosity of a resin-fiber mixture is too high, it can no longer be processed. The diameter of the fibers is, for example, a few 10 μm or even 100 μm and more.
Ein typischer Durchmesser der Kugeln liegt bei 30 bis 200 μm. Hierdurch wird einerseits der gewünschte Abstand zwischen den Korund- oder Siliziumkarbid-Partikeln zur entsprechenden Oberfläche in einer Presse gewährleistet. Andererseits sind die Kugeln klein genug, um nicht mit bloßem Auge wahrgenommen zu werden.A typical diameter of the balls is 30 to 200 μm. On the one hand, this ensures the desired distance between the corundum or silicon carbide particles and the corresponding surface in a press. On the other hand, the balls are small enough not to be seen by the naked eye.
Der optische Eindruck wird durch die Fasern bzw. Kugeln nicht nachteilig beeinträchtigt, wenn diese die vorgenannten Maße aufweisen und im Harz eingebettet sind.The optical impression is not adversely affected by the fibers or balls if they have the aforementioned dimensions and are embedded in the resin.
Die Fasern oder Kugeln bestehen vorzugsweise aus Polyester, Polyamid oder Glas. Diese Materialien erfüllen die Eigenschaften, die während der Produktion sowie nach der Herstellung erforderlich sind. Während der Produktion verhalten sie sich hinreichend stabil. Poly- ester, Polyamid oder Glas sind hinreichend weiche Materialien im Sinne der Erfindung, um Beschädigungen einer Pressvorrichtung zu vermeiden. Bei einer fertigen Platte wird durch die vorgenannten Materialien eine hinreichende Transparenz geschaffen, sodass der optische Eindruck des Dekors nicht nachteilhaft beeinträchtigt wird. Die Materialien ermöglichen vorteilhaft relativ große, verarbeitbare Faserlängen, die die Länge von aus Cellulose bestehenden, erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Fasern deutlich übersteigen. Der Viskositätsanstieg mit zunehmender Faserlänge von künstlichen Polymeren wie Polyester-, Polyamidfasern oder von Glasfasern ist nämlich im Vergleich zu zunehmender Faserlänge von Cellulosefasern gering.The fibers or balls are preferably made of polyester, polyamide or glass. These materials fulfill the properties that are required during production and after production. They are sufficiently stable during production. Polyester, polyamide or glass are sufficiently soft materials in the sense of the invention to avoid damage to a pressing device. In the case of a finished plate, a sufficient transparency is created so that the visual impression of the decor is not adversely affected. The materials advantageously enable relatively large, processable fiber lengths which significantly exceed the length of fibers made of cellulose and used according to the invention. The increase in viscosity with increasing fiber length of artificial polymers such as polyester, polyamide fibers or glass fibers is namely small in comparison to the increasing fiber length of cellulose fibers.
Lange Fasern vermögen eine Presse vor Beschädigungen besser im Vergleich zu kurzen Fasern zu schützen. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn die Fasern in Form eines Vlieses vorliegen, wie weiter unten dargelegt wird.Long fibers are better able to protect a press against damage compared to short fibers. This is particularly the case if the fibers are in the form of a nonwoven, as will be explained below.
Die Fasern und/oder Kugeln können aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen. Es können also zum Beispiel Poly- esterfasern, Polyamidfasern und Glasfasern zugleich eingesetzt werden.The fibers and / or balls can consist of different materials. For example, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers and glass fibers can be used at the same time.
Fasern sind gegenüber Kugeln zu bevorzugen, da hierdurch Rissbildungen in der Oberfläche vermieden werden. Kugeln werden also bevorzugt ergänzend verwendet. Als Kugeln werden daher bevorzugt aus Glas bestehende Hohlkugeln zur Verstärkung der Schutzwirkung zugefügt, die insbesondere einen Durchmesser von 30 bis 200 μm aus vorgenannten Gründen aufweisen.Fibers should be preferred over spheres, as this avoids the formation of cracks in the surface. Balls are therefore preferably used in addition. Hollow spheres made of glass are therefore preferably added as spheres to reinforce the protective effect, which in particular have a diameter of 30 to 200 μm for the aforementioned reasons.
Das anspruchgemäße Dekorpapier weist bevorzugt eine Feststoffmasse von 30 bis 300 g/m2 auf. Der Faseranteil beträgt dann insbesondere 5 bis 100 g/m2. Zusätzlich werden' zur Verstärkung vorteilhaft bis zu 80 g/m2 Kugeln, insbesondere Mikroglashohlkugeln vorgesehen.The decorative paper as claimed preferably has a solids mass of 30 to 300 g / m 2 . The fiber content is then in particular 5 to 100 g / m 2 . additionally up to 80 g / m 2 spheres, in particular hollow micro glass spheres, are advantageously provided for reinforcement.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung liegen die Fasern in Form eines Vlieses vor. Die Fasern sind sozusagen miteinander verwebt. Ein Vlies verstärkt und schützt in besonders guter Weise. Die Gefahr einer Rissbildung wird weiter herabgesetzt und damit die Gefahr von Beschädigungen der jeweils betroffenen Ober- fläche. Durch das Flies wird bei Aufbringen einer Harz- Faser-Mischung das Harz während des Pressens besonders gut fixiert. Das Harz trägt dann besonders gut ergänzend zum Schutz in einer Pressvorrichtung bei.In a further advantageous embodiment, the fibers are in the form of a fleece. The fibers are woven together, so to speak. A fleece reinforces and protects in a particularly good way. The risk of cracking is further reduced and thus the risk of damage to the surface concerned in each case. With the application of a resin-fiber mixture, the resin fixes the resin particularly well during pressing. The resin then contributes particularly well to protection in a pressing device.
Die schützende Wirkung wird bei Vorsehen eines Vlieses durch das Einbringen von Kugeln zusätzlich verbessert.If a fleece is provided, the protective effect is further improved by introducing balls.
Die Erfindung wird anhand des nachfolgenden Beispiels näher verdeutlicht:The invention is illustrated by the following example:
Bedrucktes Dekorpapier mit einer Masse von 70 g/m2 wird durch ein Aminoharzbad so geführt, dass ein Auftrag von 70 g/m2 an Harz (Feststoffgehalt) erfolgt. Es wird dabei ein handelsübliches Aminoharz eingesetzt. Auf die Dekoroberseite wird ein Korundschicht von 15 g/m2 gleichmäßig aufgetragen. Die nun nasse Papierbahn wird einem Schwebetrockner zugeführt. Im Trockner herrscht eine Temperatur von 170 °C. Auf die so behandelte Bahn wird eine Mischung aus einem handelsüblichen Aminoharz und Polyesterfasern auf die Dekoroberseite dosiert aufgetragen. Die Feststoffmasse des Auftrags beträgt 70 g/m2. In der Mischung liegt der Faseranteil bei 30 Masse-%. Die mittlere Läge der Fasern beträgt 5 mm. Der mittlere Durchmesser liegt bei 80 μm. Anschließend wird ein zweiter Trocknungsschritt bei 160 °C durchgeführt, bis die Restfeuchte bei 7% liegt. Das so imprägnierte Dekorpapier wird in eingangs genannter Weise zu einer Platte und zwar insbesondere zu einem Paneel für Fußböden weiterverarbeitet. Printed decorative paper with a mass of 70 g / m 2 is passed through an amino resin bath in such a way that an application of 70 g / m 2 of resin (solids content) takes place. A commercially available amino resin is used. A 15 g / m 2 corundum layer is evenly applied to the top of the decor. The now wet paper web is fed to a floating dryer. The temperature in the dryer is 170 ° C. A mixture of a commercially available amino resin and polyester fibers is metered onto the top of the decor onto the web treated in this way. The solids mass of the order is 70 g / m 2 . The fiber content in the mixture is 30% by mass. The average length of the fibers is 5 mm. The average diameter is 80 μm. A second drying step is then carried out at 160 ° C until the residual moisture is 7%. The decorative paper impregnated in this way is further processed in the manner mentioned at the outset to form a plate, in particular a panel for floors.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dekorpapiers mit den Schritten:1. Method for producing a decorative paper with the steps:
- Aufbringung von Harz und abriebfesten Partikeln auf das Dekorpapier;- Application of resin and abrasion-resistant particles on the decorative paper;
- Aufbringen von Fasern und/ oder Kugeln auf die abriebfesten Partikel.- Applying fibers and / or balls to the abrasion-resistant particles.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Fasern und/ oder Kugeln aus Polyester, Polyamid oder Glas bestehen.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fibers and / or balls consist of polyester, polyamide or glass.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fasern und/ oder Kugeln mit einem Harz gemischt aufgebracht werden.3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers and / or balls are applied mixed with a resin.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fasern eine mittlere Länge von wenigstens 0,5 mm, bevorzugt eine Länge von wenigstens 2 mm aufweisen.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers have an average length of at least 0.5 mm, preferably a length of at least 2 mm.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fasern in Form eines Vlieses aufgebracht werden.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers are applied in the form of a fleece.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Dekorpapier abschließend in einem Trockner bei einer Temperatur oberhalb von 100 °C getrocknet wird.6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the decorative paper is finally dried in a dryer at a temperature above 100 ° C.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Platte, insbesondere eines Paneels für Fußböden, mit den Schritten:7. A method for producing a panel, in particular a panel for floors, comprising the steps:
Verpressen eines Schichtsystems in einer Pressvorrichtung, insbesondere in einer Doppelbandla inieranlage, wobei das Schichtsystem zumindest ein Dekorpapier, hergestellt nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfasst.Pressing a layer system in a press device, in particular in a double belt laminating plant, the layer system comprising at least one decorative paper produced according to one of the preceding claims.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser der Fasern und/oder Kugeln 30 bis 200 μm beträgt, wobei bevorzugt übersteigt.8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the fibers and / or balls is 30 to 200 microns, with preference exceeds.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das imprägnierte Dekorpapier so hergestellt wird, dass es eine Feststoffmasse von 30 bis 300 g/m2 aufweist.9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impregnated decorative paper is produced so that it has a solid mass of 30 to 300 g / m 2 .
10. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Faseranteil im Dekorpapier 5 bis 100 g/m2 beträgt.10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber content in the decorative paper is 5 to 100 g / m 2 .
11. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dekorpapier bis zu 80 g/m2 Kugeln aufweist.11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decorative paper has up to 80 g / m 2 balls.
12. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Korund- oder Siliziumkarbid-Partikel auf das Dekorpapier aufgedüst und bevorzugt nachfolgend die aufgedüsten Korund- oder Siliziumkarbid-Partikel mittels Walzen verteilt und/ oder geglättet werden.12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that corundum or silicon carbide particles are sprayed onto the decorative paper and preferably subsequently the sprayed corundum or silicon carbide particles are distributed and / or smoothed by means of rollers.
13. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu verpressende Schichtsystem ein Gegenzugpapier umfasst, welches innerhalb des Schichtsystems der Seite mit dem Dekorpapier gegenüberliegt.13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer system to be pressed comprises a backing paper, which lies opposite the side with the decorative paper within the layer system.
14. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zu verpressende Schichtsystem eine Trägerplatte umfasst, die insbesondere aus einem Holzwerkstoff wie MDF oder HDF besteht oder als Grobspanplatte vorliegt.14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer system to be pressed comprises a carrier plate which consists in particular of a wood material such as MDF or HDF or is present as a coarse chipboard.
15. Dekorpapier mit Aluminiumoxidpartikeln und/ oder Siliziumkarbidpartikeln auf der Dekoroberseite und hierauf aufgebrachtem in ein Harz eingebettetes Vlies, bestehend aus Fasern mit einer mittleren Mindestlänge von wenigstens 0, 5 mm, bevorzugt von wenigstens 2 mm.15. Decorative paper with aluminum oxide particles and / or silicon carbide particles on the upper side of the decor and a nonwoven embedded in a resin, consisting of fibers with an average minimum length of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 2 mm.
16. Dekorpapier nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, bei dem die Fasern aus Polyester, Polyamid und/ oder Glas bestehen. 16. Decorative paper according to the preceding claim, in which the fibers consist of polyester, polyamide and / or glass.
17. Dekorpapier nach einem der beiden vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem Kugeln auf die Aluminiumoxidpartikel und/ oder Siliziumkarbidpartikel aufgebracht sind.17. Decorative paper according to one of the two preceding claims, in which balls are applied to the aluminum oxide particles and / or silicon carbide particles.
18. Platte, welche im wesentlichen aus einem Holzwerkstoff besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf eine Dekorpapierschicht an der Oberseite des Paneels Fasern und/oder Kugeln aus Polyester, Polyamid und/ oder Glas aufgebracht sind.18. Plate, which consists essentially of a wood material, characterized in that fibers and / or balls made of polyester, polyamide and / or glass are applied to a decorative paper layer on the top of the panel.
19. Platte nach dem vorhergehenden Vorrichtungsanspruch, bei dem die Fasern eine mittlere Länge von wenigstens 0,5 mm, bevorzugt von wenigstens 2 mm aufweisen.19. Plate according to the preceding device claim, in which the fibers have an average length of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 2 mm.
20. Platte nach einem der beiden vorhergehenden Vorrichtungsansprüche, bei dem eine Schicht an der Oberseite des Paneels Siliziumkarbid- und/ oder Korund enthält, wobei Siliziumkarbid und / oder Korund insbesondere im wesentlichen unterhalb der Fasern und/ oder Kugeln angeordnet sind.20. Plate according to one of the two preceding device claims, in which a layer on the top of the panel contains silicon carbide and / or corundum, silicon carbide and / or corundum in particular being arranged essentially below the fibers and / or balls.
21. Platte nach einem der vorhergehenden Vorrichtungsansprüche 18 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Plaate Teil eines Fußbodens ist. 21. Plate according to one of the preceding device claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the plate is part of a floor.
EP01913818.9A 2001-02-20 2001-02-20 Decorative paper and method for impregnating one such decorative paper Expired - Lifetime EP1274594B2 (en)

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ES2452572T3 (en) 2014-04-02
WO2002066265A1 (en) 2002-08-29
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EP1274594B1 (en) 2013-12-18
ES2452572T5 (en) 2018-02-05

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