EP1270933A1 - Control method for the torque of a starter - Google Patents

Control method for the torque of a starter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1270933A1
EP1270933A1 EP01115871A EP01115871A EP1270933A1 EP 1270933 A1 EP1270933 A1 EP 1270933A1 EP 01115871 A EP01115871 A EP 01115871A EP 01115871 A EP01115871 A EP 01115871A EP 1270933 A1 EP1270933 A1 EP 1270933A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
speed
starter
internal combustion
combustion engine
feedback control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP01115871A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Achim Seibertz
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP01115871A priority Critical patent/EP1270933A1/en
Priority to US10/186,512 priority patent/US20030000750A1/en
Publication of EP1270933A1 publication Critical patent/EP1270933A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/141—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a feed-forward control element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/022—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/102—Control of the starter motor speed; Control of the engine speed during cranking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/104—Control of the starter motor torque

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the torque output Starter during the start of an internal combustion engine coupled to the starter. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle drive containing one Internal combustion engine, a starter coupled to the internal combustion engine and a controller to control the torque output of the starter during the starting process of the internal combustion engine.
  • Such starter generators are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,073,713 and US Pat US 6 002 219 known.
  • EP 0 903 492 A2 describes a control method known a starter generator, in which a controller during starting the engine, torque output from the starter controlled.
  • the coolant temperature of the internal combustion engine monitors and with a cold engine a lower power output of the electrical Machine specified. This measure aims at changing behavior a cold internal combustion engine compared to a warmed up internal combustion engine be reacted to.
  • the performance of modern electrical machines can be used to: the internal combustion engine during short downtimes, for example in front of a traffic light, switch off and thereby save fuel.
  • the starter's quick reaction enables a quick restart the internal combustion engine, so that there is a quasi-instantaneous start-up can. That while starting from the starter to the internal combustion engine
  • the torque output is dependent on certain operating parameters controlled according to a predetermined torque curve in order To avoid damage and a quick and comfortable start of the Ensure internal combustion engine.
  • Such a regulation of the torque output the starter is usually fed back based on a measurement the engine speed reached.
  • This time delay arises, among other things. through the acquisition of the raw data, through the subsequent signal filtering and due to transmission delays. All influencing factors together can a speed detection, in which the first usable speed signal only is available very late. Typically, the desired idle speed 70% have already been reached before the first signals are available.
  • an object of the present invention was a method and an apparatus for controlling the torque output of a Provide starter, through which or through which an improved and safer starting behavior while maintaining the known speed measurement methods is guaranteed.
  • the method according to the invention for checking the torque output of a Starter, especially a starter of the powerful type of starter generator, during the starting of an internal combustion engine coupled to the starter is based on the fact that speed sensors measure the speed of the Detect internal combustion engine.
  • Engine speed - is in the process of one initially carried out, non-feedback control of the torque output, where the speed signal is not taken into account, to a feedback control of the torque output switched, in which the speed signaled by the speed sensors is taken into account.
  • the method explained thus works during of the starting process is not continuous with a feedback control. Rather, such a regulation initially goes into a phase with no feedback Control ahead. This control phase extends at least to the period in which the speed sensors are still not usable Speed signal is provided. Instead of - as with conventional feedback Regulations known - with a faulty speed signal during this period to work, is not on the speed signal in the inventive method resorted to and instead a non-feedback control performed. This allows better starting behavior of the starter achieve than with a feedback control with possibly incorrect sensory inputs. As soon as signals usable by the speed sensors can be switched to the feedback control, their proper function is then ensured.
  • the control which is not fed back, preferably gives purely time-dependent control signals to the starter.
  • the one for a particular vehicle drive The person skilled in the art can achieve optimal control processes through theoretical calculations or win with the help of simple experiments.
  • the feedback control in the second phase of the starting is preferably carried out depending on an error signal which is defined as the Difference between a predetermined desired speed curve and the measured speed. Since the measured speed in the second phase of the The engine can be reliably provided by the speed sensors Control minimize the error signal mentioned so that the speed of the internal combustion engine follows the specified speed curve in the best possible way.
  • Switching from the non-feedback control to the feedback Control is advantageous when a predetermined speed is reached performed.
  • the speed signals are used to reach this speed monitors the speed sensors. It must be ensured that this speed signal is only used when it is stable and has reached reliable value.
  • engine operating parameters can also be used for initiation the switchover are used, the engine operating parameters being e.g. the elapsed time since the starter was started or a signal from the torque sensors regarding the validity of the determined torque signals etc. can be used.
  • the transition between non-feedback and feedback operation can be designed by a damping term in the feedback controller, that too fast rule jumps or overshoots are avoided.
  • the invention further relates to a vehicle drive which has an internal combustion engine, a starter coupled to the internal combustion engine, a regulator to control the torque output of the starter during the starting process the internal combustion engine and at least one coupled to the controller Includes speed sensor for detecting the speed of the internal combustion engine.
  • the mentioned controller is set up so that it is a method of the above Type can perform. That means that the controller functionally consists of two modules exists, one of which is a non-feedback control during the first phase of starting and the second a feedback scheme during the subsequent second phase of starting.
  • the regulator can also be designed so that the preferred embodiments of the method explained.
  • the starter of the vehicle drive according to the invention is preferably an integrated starter generator.
  • Such a starter generator has significant advantages and enables due to its performance fuel-efficient operation of the vehicle. At the same time it is with one such electrical machine, however, required the torque output Check as closely as possible during the starting process to avoid damage submissions.
  • the vehicle drive shown in FIG. 1 contains an internal combustion engine 1, which drives an output shaft.
  • an electrical machine on the output shaft 2 arranged in the form of a starter generator, which both as a motor can also be operated as a generator.
  • the output shaft of the machine 2 is coupled via a clutch 3 to a transmission 5, through which various Translations can be set.
  • the drive torque is passed on to the wheels 6 of the vehicle.
  • the clutch is during the starting process of the internal combustion engine 1 3 opened to internal combustion engine and starter from the transmission 5 separate.
  • the starter generator 2 is a modern type of electric machine which is so powerful that the internal combustion engine 1 can be started within milliseconds.
  • the starter 2 is controlled by a controller 4.
  • the controller 4 receives a speed signal from the speed sensors 7 arranged on the internal combustion engine 1, which indicates the current speed n of the internal combustion engine 1. It should be noted, however, that when the internal combustion engine 1 is started, a usable speed signal is provided by the speed sensors 7 only after a very long delay due to technical effects. This situation is illustrated schematically in FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows a typical course of the speed n (vertical axis) over time t (horizontal axis) during a starting process. It can be seen that the first usable speed signal n 1 is only available when the speed has already reached approximately 70% of its maximum value, ie the idling speed n idle . For most of the starting process, the controller 4 thus has no usable speed signal.
  • the regulator 4 While in conventional regulators a feedback regulation of the torque output of the machine 2 takes place, the regulator 4 according to the invention contains three different modules for fulfilling the regulation task.
  • the first module 4a corresponds to a feedback control which receives as input signal an error signal which is defined as the difference between the measured speed n and a target speed curve n d .
  • a module 4b is also provided for carrying out a non-feedback control, the output signal of which depends solely on the time t.
  • the changeover between the two modules 4a, 4b mentioned is carried out by a selection module 4c, which in the first phase of the starting process passes the control signal of the non-feedback control 4b and in the subsequent phase of the starting process the control signal of the feedback controller 4a to the machine 2.
  • the switchover module 4c monitors the speed signal and makes the switchover at the moment when a first (usable) speed signal is detected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves detecting the revolution rate of the internal combustion engine (1) being started using revolution rate sensors (7) and changing over from an initial torque control method (4a) without revolution rate feedback to a method (4b) involving revolution rate feedback depending on at least one engine operating parameter. <??>AN Independent claim is also included a vehicle drive arrangement.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe eines Anlassers während des Anlassens einer mit dem Anlasser gekoppelten Brennkraftmaschine. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung einen Fahrzeugantrieb enthaltend eine Brennkraftmaschine, einen mit der Brennkraftmaschine gekoppelten Anlasser sowie einen Regler zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe des Anlassers während des Anlassvorgangs der Brennkraftmaschine.The invention relates to a method for controlling the torque output Starter during the start of an internal combustion engine coupled to the starter. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle drive containing one Internal combustion engine, a starter coupled to the internal combustion engine and a controller to control the torque output of the starter during the starting process of the internal combustion engine.

Kraftfahrzeuge mit Verbrennungsmotor weisen in der Regel einen Anlasser bzw. Starter auf, mit dessen Hilfe die Brennkraftmaschine angelassen wird. Derzeit sind Startermotoren in Entwicklung, mittels derer eine Brennkraftmaschine innerhalb weniger Millisekunden vom Stillstand auf die Leerlaufdrehzahl von zum Beispiel 800 U/min gebracht werden kann. Derartige elektrische Maschinen werden häufig mit einer Generatorfunktion kombiniert, weshalb diese auch als (integrierte) Starter-Generatoren (engl.: starter generator S/A) bezeichnet werden.Motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine generally have a starter or Starter on, with the help of the engine is started. Are currently Starter engines in development, by means of which an internal combustion engine within less milliseconds from standstill to idle speed, for example 800 rpm can be brought. Such electrical machines are common combined with a generator function, which is why these are also used as (integrated) starter generators (English: starter generator S / A).

Derartige Starter-Generatoren sind zum Beispiel aus der US 6 073 713 und der US 6 002 219 bekannt. Ferner ist aus der EP 0 903 492 A2 ein Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines Starter-Generators bekannt, bei welchem ein Regler das während des Anlassens der Brennkraftmaschine von dem Anlasser abgegebene Drehmoment kontrolliert. Dabei wird die Kühlmitteltemperatur der Brennkraftmaschine überwacht und bei kalten Motor eine geringere Leistungsabgabe der elektrischen Maschine vorgegeben. Durch diese Maßnahme soll auf ein verändertes Verhalten einer kalten Brennkraftmaschine im Vergleich zu einer warmgelaufenen Brennkraftmaschine reagiert werden.Such starter generators are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,073,713 and US Pat US 6 002 219 known. Furthermore, EP 0 903 492 A2 describes a control method known a starter generator, in which a controller during starting the engine, torque output from the starter controlled. The coolant temperature of the internal combustion engine monitors and with a cold engine a lower power output of the electrical Machine specified. This measure aims at changing behavior a cold internal combustion engine compared to a warmed up internal combustion engine be reacted to.

Die Leistungsfähigkeit moderner elektrischer Maschinen kann dazu genutzt werden, die Brennkraftmaschine schon während kurzer Stillstandszeiten, zum Beispiel vor einer Verkehrsampel, auszuschalten und hierdurch Kraftstoff zu sparen. Die rasche Reaktion des Anlassers ermöglicht nämlich ein schnelles erneutes Anlassen der Brennkraftmaschine, so dass ein quasi verzögerungsloses Anfahren erfolgen kann. Das während des Anlassens von dem Anlasser an die Brennkraftmaschine abgegebene Drehmoment wird dabei in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Betriebsparametern gemäß einem vorgegebenen Drehmomentverlauf kontrolliert, um Beschädigungen zu vermeiden und ein schnelles und komfortables Anlassen der Brennkraftmaschine zu gewährleisten. Eine derartige Regelung der Drehmomentabgabe des Anlassers erfolgt üblicherweise rückgekoppelt anhand einer Messung der erreichten Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine. Dabei tritt jedoch das Problem auf, dass die in der Praxis eingesetzten Schaltungen zur Drehzahlerfassung die Motordrehzahl nur oberhalb einer gewissen Drehzahlschwelle und mit einer bestimmten Zeitverzögerung erkennen können. Diese Zeitverzögerung entsteht u.a. durch die Erfassung der Rohdaten, durch die anschließende Signalfilterung und durch Übertragungsverzögerungen. Alle Einflussgrößen zusammen können zu einer Drehzahlerfassung führen, bei der das erste nutzbare Drehzahlsignal erst sehr spät zur Verfügung steht. Typischerweise kann die angestrebte Leerlaufdrehzahl bereits zu 70% erreicht sein, bis die ersten Signale vorliegen.The performance of modern electrical machines can be used to: the internal combustion engine during short downtimes, for example in front of a traffic light, switch off and thereby save fuel. The The starter's quick reaction enables a quick restart the internal combustion engine, so that there is a quasi-instantaneous start-up can. That while starting from the starter to the internal combustion engine The torque output is dependent on certain operating parameters controlled according to a predetermined torque curve in order To avoid damage and a quick and comfortable start of the Ensure internal combustion engine. Such a regulation of the torque output the starter is usually fed back based on a measurement the engine speed reached. However, the problem arises on that the circuits used in practice for speed detection Engine speed only above a certain speed threshold and with a certain Can recognize time delay. This time delay arises, among other things. through the acquisition of the raw data, through the subsequent signal filtering and due to transmission delays. All influencing factors together can a speed detection, in which the first usable speed signal only is available very late. Typically, the desired idle speed 70% have already been reached before the first signals are available.

Vor diesem Hintergrund bestand eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe eines Anlassers bereitzustellen, durch welches bzw. durch welche ein verbessertes und sichereres Anlassverhalten unter Beibehaltung der bekannten Drehzahlmessmethoden gewährleistet wird.Against this background, an object of the present invention was a method and an apparatus for controlling the torque output of a Provide starter, through which or through which an improved and safer starting behavior while maintaining the known speed measurement methods is guaranteed.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie durch einen Fahrzeugantrieb mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 5 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.This object is achieved by a method with the features of the patent claim 1 and by a vehicle drive with the features of the claim 5 solved. Advantageous refinements are contained in the subclaims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe eines Anlassers, insbesondere eines Anlassers vom leistungsstarken Typ des Anlasser-Generators, während des Anlassens einer mit dem Anlasser gekoppelten Brennkraftmaschine beruht zunächst darauf, dass Drehzahlsensoren die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine erfassen. In Abhängigkeit von wenigstens einem Motorbetriebsparameter - z.B. von der erreichten und von den Drehzahlsensoren signalisierten Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine - wird bei dem Verfahren von einer zunächst vorgenommenen, nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung der Drehmomentabgabe, bei welcher keine Berücksichtigung des Drehzahlsignals erfolgt, auf eine rückgekoppelte Regelung der Drehmomentabgabe umgeschaltet, bei welcher die von den Drehzahlsensoren signalisierte Drehzahl berücksichtigt wird.The method according to the invention for checking the torque output of a Starter, especially a starter of the powerful type of starter generator, during the starting of an internal combustion engine coupled to the starter is based on the fact that speed sensors measure the speed of the Detect internal combustion engine. Depending on at least one engine operating parameter - e.g. of the reached and signaled by the speed sensors Engine speed - is in the process of one initially carried out, non-feedback control of the torque output, where the speed signal is not taken into account, to a feedback control of the torque output switched, in which the speed signaled by the speed sensors is taken into account.

Anders als die bekannten Verfahren arbeitet das erläuterte Verfahren somit während des Anlassvorgangs nicht durchgehend mit einer rückgekoppelten Regelung. Vielmehr geht einer derartigen Regelung zunächst eine Phase mit nicht rückgekoppelter Steuerung voraus. Diese Steuerungsphase erstreckt sich wenigstens auf den Zeitraum, in welchem von den Drehzahlsensoren noch kein verwertbares Drehzahlsignal bereitgestellt wird. Anstatt - wie bei herkömmlichen rückgekoppelten Regelungen bekannt - in diesem Zeitraum mit einem fehlerhaften Drehzahlsignal zu arbeiten, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nicht auf das Drehzahlsignal zurückgegriffen und statt dessen eine nicht rückgekoppelte Steuerung vorgenommen. Hierdurch lässt sich ein besseres Anlassverhalten des Anlassers erzielen als bei einer rückgekoppelten Regelung mit möglicherweise fehlerhaften sensorischen Eingaben. Sobald von den Drehzahlsensoren verwertbare Signale geliefert werden, kann auf die rückgekoppelte Regelung umgeschaltet werden, deren ordnungsgemäße Funktion dann sichergestellt ist.In contrast to the known methods, the method explained thus works during of the starting process is not continuous with a feedback control. Rather, such a regulation initially goes into a phase with no feedback Control ahead. This control phase extends at least to the period in which the speed sensors are still not usable Speed signal is provided. Instead of - as with conventional feedback Regulations known - with a faulty speed signal during this period to work, is not on the speed signal in the inventive method resorted to and instead a non-feedback control performed. This allows better starting behavior of the starter achieve than with a feedback control with possibly incorrect sensory inputs. As soon as signals usable by the speed sensors can be switched to the feedback control, their proper function is then ensured.

Vorzugsweise gibt die nicht rückgekoppelte Steuerung rein zeitabhängige Stellsignale an den Anlasser ab. Das heißt, dass die Stellsignale als Zeitabläufe in der Steuerung gespeichert sind und ihr Verlauf weder von der Drehzahl noch von sonstigen Variablen außer der Zeit abhängt. Die für einen jeweiligen Fahrzeugantrieb optimalen Steuerungsverläufe kann der Fachmann durch theoretische Berechnungen oder mit Hilfe einfacher Versuche gewinnen.The control, which is not fed back, preferably gives purely time-dependent control signals to the starter. This means that the control signals as time sequences in the Control are stored and their course neither from the speed nor from other Variables depends on the time. The one for a particular vehicle drive The person skilled in the art can achieve optimal control processes through theoretical calculations or win with the help of simple experiments.

Die rückgekoppelte Regelung in der zweiten Phase des Anlassens erfolgt vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von einem Fehlersignal, welches definiert ist als die Differenz zwischen einem vorgegebenen gewünschten Drehzahlverlauf und der gemessenen Drehzahl. Da die gemessene Drehzahl in der zweiten Phase des Anlassens zuverlässig von den Drehzahlsensoren bereitgestellt wird, kann die Regelung das genannte Fehlersignal minimieren, so dass die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine bestmöglich dem vorgegebenen Drehzahlverlauf folgt.The feedback control in the second phase of the starting is preferably carried out depending on an error signal which is defined as the Difference between a predetermined desired speed curve and the measured speed. Since the measured speed in the second phase of the The engine can be reliably provided by the speed sensors Control minimize the error signal mentioned so that the speed of the internal combustion engine follows the specified speed curve in the best possible way.

Die Umschaltung von der nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung auf die rückgekoppelte Regelung wird in vorteilhafter Weise bei Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Drehzahl vorgenommen. Das Erreichen dieser Drehzahl wird dabei mit Hilfe der Drehzahlsignale der Drehzahlsensoren überwacht. Dabei muss sichergestellt werden, dass eine Verwendung dieses Drehzahlsignals erst erfolgt, wenn es einen stabilen und zuverlässigen Wert erreicht hat.Switching from the non-feedback control to the feedback Control is advantageous when a predetermined speed is reached performed. The speed signals are used to reach this speed monitors the speed sensors. It must be ensured that this speed signal is only used when it is stable and has reached reliable value.

Alternativ können jedoch auch andere Motorbetriebsparameter für die Initiierung der Umschaltung herangezogen werden, wobei als Motorbetriebsparameter z.B. die seit dem Starten des Anlassers vergangene Zeit oder ein Signal der Drehmomentsensoren betreffend die Gültigkeit der ermittelten Drehmomentsignale usw. verwendet werden können.Alternatively, however, other engine operating parameters can also be used for initiation the switchover are used, the engine operating parameters being e.g. the elapsed time since the starter was started or a signal from the torque sensors regarding the validity of the determined torque signals etc. can be used.

Der Übergang zwischen nicht rückgekoppeltem und rückgekoppelten Betrieb kann durch einen Dämpfungsterm im Rückkopplungsregler derart gestaltet werden, dass zu schelle Regelsprünge oder Überschwinger vermieden werden.The transition between non-feedback and feedback operation can can be designed by a damping term in the feedback controller, that too fast rule jumps or overshoots are avoided.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin einen Fahrzeugantrieb, welcher eine Brennkraftmaschine, einen mit der Brennkraftmaschine gekoppelten Anlasser, einen Regler zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe des Anlassers während des Anlassvorganges der Brennkraftmaschine sowie mindestens einen mit dem Regler gekoppelten Drehzahlsensor zur Erfassung der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine enthält. Der genannte Regler ist dabei so eingerichtet, dass er ein Verfahren der oben erläuterten Art durchführen kann. Das heißt, dass der Regler funktionell aus zwei Modulen besteht, von denen das eine eine nicht rückgekoppelte Steuerung während der ersten Phase des Anlassens und das zweite eine rückgekoppelte Regelung während der anschließenden zweiten Phase des Anlassens vornimmt. Der Regler kann darüber hinaus so ausgestaltet werden, dass die bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erläuterten Verfahrens implementiert werden.The invention further relates to a vehicle drive which has an internal combustion engine, a starter coupled to the internal combustion engine, a regulator to control the torque output of the starter during the starting process the internal combustion engine and at least one coupled to the controller Includes speed sensor for detecting the speed of the internal combustion engine. The mentioned controller is set up so that it is a method of the above Type can perform. That means that the controller functionally consists of two modules exists, one of which is a non-feedback control during the first phase of starting and the second a feedback scheme during the subsequent second phase of starting. The regulator can also be designed so that the preferred embodiments of the method explained.

Bei dem Anlasser des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantriebs handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen integrierten Anlasser-Generator. Ein derartiger Anlasser-Generator hat aufgrund seiner Leistungsfähigkeit erhebliche Vorteile und ermöglicht einen kraftstoffsparenden Betrieb des Fahrzeugs. Gleichzeitig ist es bei einer derartigen elektrischen Maschine jedoch erforderlich, die Drehmomentabgabe während des Anlassvorganges möglichst genau zu kontrollieren, um Beschädigungen vorzubeugen.The starter of the vehicle drive according to the invention is preferably an integrated starter generator. Such a starter generator has significant advantages and enables due to its performance fuel-efficient operation of the vehicle. At the same time it is with one such electrical machine, however, required the torque output Check as closely as possible during the starting process to avoid damage submissions.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren beispielhaft näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung der Komponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugantriebs; und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung des Drehzahlverlaufs während des Anlassvorganges.
The invention is explained in more detail below using the figures as an example. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of the components of a vehicle drive according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of the speed curve during the starting process.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Fahrzeugantrieb enthält eine Brennkraftmaschine 1, welche eine Ausgangswelle antreibt. Auf der Ausgangswelle ist eine elektrische Maschine 2 in Form eines Anlasser-Generators angeordnet, welche sowohl als Motor als auch als Generator betrieben werden kann. Die Ausgangswelle der Maschine 2 ist über eine Kupplung 3 an ein Getriebe 5 gekoppelt, durch welches verschiedene Übersetzungen eingestellt werden können. An der Ausgangsseite des Getriebes 5 wird das Antriebsdrehmoment an die Räder 6 des Fahrzeugs weitergegeben. Während des Anlassvorganges der Brennkraftmaschine 1 ist die Kupplung 3 geöffnet, um Brennkraftmaschine und Anlasser von dem Getriebe 5 zu trennen.The vehicle drive shown in FIG. 1 contains an internal combustion engine 1, which drives an output shaft. There is an electrical machine on the output shaft 2 arranged in the form of a starter generator, which both as a motor can also be operated as a generator. The output shaft of the machine 2 is coupled via a clutch 3 to a transmission 5, through which various Translations can be set. On the exit side of the Transmission 5, the drive torque is passed on to the wheels 6 of the vehicle. The clutch is during the starting process of the internal combustion engine 1 3 opened to internal combustion engine and starter from the transmission 5 separate.

Der Anlasser-Generator 2 stellt eine elektrische Maschine modernen Typs dar, welche so leistungsfähig ist, dass die Brennkraftmaschine 1 innerhalb von Millisekunden angelassen werden kann. Um hierbei auftretende Beschädigungen und ein nachteiliges Verhalten zu vermeiden, wird der Anlasser 2 von einem Regler 4 kontrolliert. Der Regler 4 erhält von an der Brennkraftmaschine 1 angeordneten Drehzahlsensoren 7 ein Drehzahlsignal, welches die aktuelle Drehzahl n der Brennkraftmaschine 1 anzeigt. Dabei ist jedoch zu beachten, dass beim Anlassen der Brennkraftmaschine 1 aufgrund technischer Effekte erst sehr stark verzögert ein verwertbares Drehzahlsignal von den Drehzahlsensoren 7 bereitgestellt wird. Diese Situation ist schematisch in Fig. 2 illustriert. Fig. 2 zeigt einen typischen Verlauf der Drehzahl n (vertikale Achse) über der Zeit t (horizontale Achse) während eines Anlassvorganges. Dabei ist ersichtlich, dass das erste verwertbare Drehzahlsignal n1 erst dann zur Verfügung steht, wenn die Drehzahl bereits etwa 70% ihres Maximalwertes, d.h. der Leerlaufdrehzahl nidle erreicht hat. Über den größten Teil des Anlassvorganges steht dem Regler 4 somit kein nutzbares Drehzahlsignal zur Verfügung.The starter generator 2 is a modern type of electric machine which is so powerful that the internal combustion engine 1 can be started within milliseconds. In order to avoid damage occurring and disadvantageous behavior, the starter 2 is controlled by a controller 4. The controller 4 receives a speed signal from the speed sensors 7 arranged on the internal combustion engine 1, which indicates the current speed n of the internal combustion engine 1. It should be noted, however, that when the internal combustion engine 1 is started, a usable speed signal is provided by the speed sensors 7 only after a very long delay due to technical effects. This situation is illustrated schematically in FIG. 2. Fig. 2 shows a typical course of the speed n (vertical axis) over time t (horizontal axis) during a starting process. It can be seen that the first usable speed signal n 1 is only available when the speed has already reached approximately 70% of its maximum value, ie the idling speed n idle . For most of the starting process, the controller 4 thus has no usable speed signal.

Während bei herkömmlichen Reglern dessenungeachtet eine rückgekoppelte Regelung der Drehmomentabgabe der Maschine 2 erfolgt, enthält der erfindungsgemäße Regler 4 drei verschiedene Module zur Erfüllung der Regelungsaufgabe. Das erste Modul 4a entspricht einer rückgekoppelten Regelung, die als Eingangssignal ein Fehlersignal erhält, welches als Differenz zwischen der gemessenen Drehzahl n und einem Soll-Drehzahlverlauf nd definiert ist. Daneben ist jedoch auch ein Modul 4b zur Durchführung einer nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung vorgesehen, deren Ausgangssignal allein von der Zeit t abhängt. Die Umschaltung zwischen den beiden genannten Modulen 4a, 4b wird von einem Auswahlmodul 4c vorgenommen, welches in der ersten Phase des Anlassens das Stellsignal der nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung 4b und in der anschließenden Phase des Anlassvorgangs das Stellsignal des rückgekoppelten Reglers 4a zur Maschine 2 weiterleitet. Das Umschaltmodul 4c überwacht dabei das Drehzahlsignal und nimmt die Umschaltung in dem Moment vor, in dem ein erstes (brauchbares) Drehzahlsignal detektiert wird. While in conventional regulators a feedback regulation of the torque output of the machine 2 takes place, the regulator 4 according to the invention contains three different modules for fulfilling the regulation task. The first module 4a corresponds to a feedback control which receives as input signal an error signal which is defined as the difference between the measured speed n and a target speed curve n d . In addition, however, a module 4b is also provided for carrying out a non-feedback control, the output signal of which depends solely on the time t. The changeover between the two modules 4a, 4b mentioned is carried out by a selection module 4c, which in the first phase of the starting process passes the control signal of the non-feedback control 4b and in the subsequent phase of the starting process the control signal of the feedback controller 4a to the machine 2. The switchover module 4c monitors the speed signal and makes the switchover at the moment when a first (usable) speed signal is detected.

Durch die zweigeteilte Arbeitsweise des Reglers 4 lässt sich insgesamt eine bessere Kontrolle der elektrischen Maschine 2 erreichen, da nicht mit fehlerhaften Drehzahlsignalen in der ersten Phase des Anlassens gearbeitet wird.Due to the two-part mode of operation of the controller 4, a better overall Check control of electrical machine 2, as not with faulty ones Speed signals in the first phase of cranking is worked.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe eines Anlassers (2) während des Anlassvorganges einer mit dem Anlasser gekoppelten Brennkraftmaschine (1), wobei Drehzahlsensoren (7) die Drehzahl (n) der Brennkraftmaschine erfassen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Abhängigkeit von wenigstens einem Motorbetriebsparameter von einer anfänglichen, bezüglich der Drehzahl nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung (4b) der Drehmomentabgabe auf eine bezüglich der Drehzahl rückgekoppelte Regelung (4a) der Drehmomentabgabe umgeschaltet wird.Method for checking the torque output of a starter (2) during the starting process of an internal combustion engine (1) coupled to the starter, wherein speed sensors (7) record the speed (s) of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that , depending on at least one engine operating parameter, an initial one , with respect to the speed of the feedback control (4b) of the torque output is switched to a feedback control (4a) of the torque output. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung (4b) rein zeitabhängige Stellsignale an den Anlasser (2) abgegeben werden.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that purely time-dependent control signals are emitted to the starter (2) in the non-feedback control (4b). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die rückgekoppelte Regelung (4a) in Abhängigkeit von einem Fehlersignal bestehend aus der Differenz zwischen der gemessenen Drehzahl (n) und einem vorgegebenen Drehzahlverlauf (nd) erfolgt.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feedback control (4a) takes place as a function of an error signal consisting of the difference between the measured speed (n) and a predetermined speed curve (n d ). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von der nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerung (4b) zur rückgekoppelten Regelung (4a) bei Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Drehzahl umgeschaltet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a switch is made from the non-feedback control (4b) to the feedback control (4a) when a predetermined speed is reached. Fahrzeugantrieb, enthaltend a) eine Brennkraftmaschine (1), b) einen mit der Brennkraftmaschine gekoppelten Anlasser (2), c) einen Regler (4) zur Kontrolle der Drehmomentabgabe des Anlassers (2) während des Anlassens der Brennkraftmaschine (1), d) einen mit dem Regler (4) gekoppelten Drehzahlsensor (7) zur Erfassung der Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine (1), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Regler (4) ein Regelmodul (4b) für eine nicht rückgekoppelte Steuerung der Drehmomentabgabe des Anlassers sowie ein Regelmodul (4a) für eine Rückkopplungsregelung abhängig von der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors sowie eine Umschalteinheit (4c) aufweist, die während des Anlassvorganges abhängig von wenigstens einem Motorbetriebsparameter die Regelung von dem nicht rückgekoppelten Steuerungsmodul (4b) auf das Rückkopplungsregelmodul (4a) umgeschaltet.Vehicle drive containing a) an internal combustion engine (1), b) a starter (2) coupled to the internal combustion engine, c) a controller (4) for controlling the torque output of the starter (2) during the starting of the internal combustion engine (1), d) a speed sensor (7) coupled to the controller (4) for detecting the speed of the internal combustion engine (1), characterized in that the controller (4) has a control module (4b) for a non-feedback control of the torque output of the starter and a control module (4a) for feedback control depending on the speed of the internal combustion engine, and a switchover unit (4c) which is activated during the starting process depending on at least one engine operating parameter, the control is switched from the non-feedback control module (4b) to the feedback control module (4a). Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem Anlasser um einen integrierten Anlasser-Generator (2) handelt.Vehicle drive according to claim 5, characterized in that the starter is an integrated starter generator (2).
EP01115871A 2001-06-29 2001-06-29 Control method for the torque of a starter Withdrawn EP1270933A1 (en)

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EP01115871A EP1270933A1 (en) 2001-06-29 2001-06-29 Control method for the torque of a starter
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