EP1266735B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fertigteilplatte oder eines Fertigteilträgers aus Standardbeton oder vorgespanntem Beton - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fertigteilplatte oder eines Fertigteilträgers aus Standardbeton oder vorgespanntem Beton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1266735B1
EP1266735B1 EP02012483A EP02012483A EP1266735B1 EP 1266735 B1 EP1266735 B1 EP 1266735B1 EP 02012483 A EP02012483 A EP 02012483A EP 02012483 A EP02012483 A EP 02012483A EP 1266735 B1 EP1266735 B1 EP 1266735B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
article
cuts
slab
inclined cuts
hollow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02012483A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1266735A3 (de
EP1266735A2 (de
Inventor
Giorgio Della Bella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gruppo Centro Nord SpA
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Gruppo Centro Nord SpA
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Publication of EP1266735A2 publication Critical patent/EP1266735A2/de
Publication of EP1266735A3 publication Critical patent/EP1266735A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1266735B1 publication Critical patent/EP1266735B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/06—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed for the production of elongated articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing a precast slab or beam made of standard or pre-compressed concrete and to a slab or beam thus obtained, particularly for the construction of hollow or suspended floors in general.
  • the slabs are borne by upturned T or L load resisting girders at their respective ends and the girders necessarily extend downwards with respect to the floor and are also partly visible at the lower surface thereof, thus interrupting the continuity of the floor, which is often undesirable from the aesthetic and architectural points of view, owing to the greater overall encumbrance given by the floor plus the beam thicknesses.
  • US-A-4778371 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an improvement to the conventional industrial manufacturing method of producing a hollow slab or a precast girder made of standard or pre-compressed concrete which, whilst keeping all the economic and industrial advantages of the conventional production technology, allows floors with lower surface with no discontinuities both between adjacent floor slabs and between one or more floor supporting precast girders and the floor itself to be obtained.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel precast hollow slab and/or girder for the production of floors, which is suitable for overcoming the above listed limitations and drawbacks by using precast hollow slabs or girders obtained by conventional production technology.
  • a still further object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing precast concrete hollow slabs or girder members which is relatively easy and quick to carry out, so as to be competitive and cost-effective also from the economic viewpoint.
  • the end butting cuts are carried out simultaneously, in order to minimise slab working times.
  • a hollow pre-compressed concrete slab 1 has a number of inner cavities 2 that extend longitudinally and parallel to the slab between an upper slab 3 and a lower slab 4 thereof and having in the shown Example, an elongated light in the sense of the height of the slab.
  • Each slab 1 is provided with a respective "chair” shoulder or upturned step 5 that is formed on the same side as its lower surface 4 and obtained by two butting cuts made along two inclined cutting planes (e.g. typically at a 90° angle): one of which is perpendicular to, and the other is parallel with the lying planes of the upper surface 3 and lower surface 4 of the slab.
  • the height of the shoulders 5 can range from a few centimetres to 25 cm or more, whereas their depth can even be smaller than their height.
  • a hollow slab made of standard or pre-compressed concrete is prevailingly obtained according to two production methods. Production is carried out in factory on steel tracks typically 120-150 m long , onto which a predetermined number of continuous reinforcements or steel pre-compression rods are suitably distributed throughout the width of the track, and jacktensioned by means of suitable jacktensioning devices designed to systematically control the rod tension and lengthening .
  • Continuous casting of concrete is then carried out onto the steel track on which reinforcements and/or the steel pre-compression rods have been suitably arranged and tensioned.
  • a vibratory finishing method is adopted involving the use of one or more suitable vibratory finishing machines through which concrete is fed into moving sections and hypervibrated by means of banks of vibrators operating at different vibration frequencies.
  • concrete casting is carried out in one or two subsequent or simultaneous steps, i.e. for forming the lower surface 4 of the slab, the ribs 6 between adjacent cavities 2 and the upper surface 3 of the slab.
  • Concrete casting can also be carried out according to an extrusion method in which use is made of at least one forming machine into which concrete is forced, e.g. by means of metering screws, to become compacted to obtain a finished slab cross-section in one step.
  • Very high quality concretes are needed, consistent in so far as both their granulometry and cement and water dosing are concerned in order to guarantee first of all prompt shape stability for obtaining cavities 2, and high initial mechanical strength, whereby allowing pre-compression and formwork removal, when required, to be carried out in short time intervals and optimum adherence to the reinforcements (comprising, as it is known, pre-stressed rods and possible loose reinforcements provided in the casting) to be obtained.
  • notches and/or openings are formed according to design, for locating possible vertical ducts .
  • the cast concrete After forming, the cast concrete is left to rest for setting and hardening, so that a compact article is obtained.
  • the casting is usually covered with waterproof sheets throughout its length and heated up homogeneously until the concrete has reached a required strength for the pre-stressed reinforcements to be released, and subsequently for formwork removal. Resistance is experimentally determined by breaking samples subjected to the same vibrating and thermal treatment. In general, when the concrete is subjected to a compression test at the twenty-eighth day, its cubic strength should be greater than 55 Mpa.
  • the article is cross-cut by abrasive or diamond disks 10, 11 into specified lengths for article sections designed to form a floor whereby separating the various elements or hollow slabs 1.
  • two "chair" shaped shoulders 5 are cut by carrying out two cuts at 90° one with respect to the other at the leading and trailing ends of each slab 1 (see Fig. 1), e.g. by using a butting machine (e.g. of any known type) provided with two cutting disks 10 and 11 arranged to rotate about rotation axes 10' and 11' normal to, or otherwise inclined one with respect to the other .
  • hollow slabs 1 having a T-shaped or L-shaped longitudinal section are obtained for making floors with upper and lower flat surfaces with no continuity solution at the upturned T or L shaped load resisting girders 7 ( Fig. 4).
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative method of obtaining end "chair”-shaped shoulders 5, i.e. through wire cutting by means of cutting wire 9 instead of disks 10, 11, to obtain in general "chair” shaped end shoulders 5 having rounded corners and edges.
  • suitable reinforcements may be provided and positioned at the ends to be cut for obtaining a "chair" support.
  • Said reinforcements can comprise stirrups inserted into the longitudinal partition walls between the cavities 2 before casting by means of a forming machine or else manually inserted and embedded in the cavities, or alternatively, immediately after forming, when the concrete is still fresh, or else immediately after setting when the concrete is still fresh, or after hardening and formwork removal from the hollow slab, before the manufactured article is delivered to the building site.
  • the hollow slabs 1 are provided with a smooth lower surface in contact with a metal formwork (track) and rough sides and upper surface so that when the slabs are laid in position side-by-side, concrete joints cast between adjacent slabs become effectively integral with the slabs.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show hollow slabs provided with "dovetail” end shoulders 5a, i.e. having support delimiting walls that are mutually inclined at an angle smaller than 90° for use with steel lattice beams 8, preferably provided with a fire-proof coating on their lower surface.
  • the "dove-tail” cut ensures a better adherence of the coating 8a under metal plate 8; such a coating preferably comprising an insulating and fireproof mortar.
  • a hollow slab 1 according to the present invention can be used for obtaining a floor supported by both precast reinforced concrete load resistant beams 7 and steel lattice girders 8 or by well known semi-precast beams provided with protruding stirrups (not shown in the drawings) that need to be completed by casting onsite, e.g. steel lattice girders 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines vorgefertigten Platten- oder Trägerelements (1) aus vorgedrücktem Beton mit den aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten:
    - kontinuierliches Gießen eines Gußteils durch mindestens eine Formgebungsmaschine auf einer Stahlbahn, auf der geeignet angeordnete Vordruckstangen ausgelegt und unter Spannung gesetzt worden sind;
    - Verfestigen und Aushärten des Gussteils, um einen kompakten Artikel zu erhalten; und
    - Entlasten der unter Spannung gesetzten Vordruckstangen, um den Artikel unter Druck zu setzen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren den Schritt aufweist:
    Ausführen zweier schräg zueinander verlaufender und am Ende aneinander anstoßender Schnitte an mindestens einem Ende des Artikels, um eine Endauflagerschulter (5) zu erhalten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch den Schritt zum Schneiden des Artikels in Querrichtung in Träger oder Hohlplattenabschnitte (1), bevor die beiden schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte ausgeführt werden.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte an mindestens einer oder an mehreren Zwischenpositionen der Länge des Artikels ausgeführt werden.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aneinander anstoßenden, schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte gleichzeitig ausgeführt werden.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich unter den schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitten bezüglich eines Platten- oder Trägerelements (1) ein Schnitt in der Höhenrichtung und der andere in der Längsrichtung über einer Eindringtiefe erstreckt, die von Schnitt zu Schnitt verschieden ist.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, nachdem der Artikel in Querrichtung geschnitten worden ist, jedes Plattenelement auf einem Arbeitstisch angeordnet wird, um die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte auszuführen.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte durch eine Anschlag-Schneidmaschine mit zwei Scheiben (10, 11) ausgeführt werden, die sich um schräg zueinander ausgerichtete Drehachsen drehen.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte durch einen Schneiddraht (9) ausgeführt werden.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schneiddraht (9) durch bewegliche Scheiben oder Rollen angetrieben wird, die derart gesteuert werden, dass sie dem Profil des Schnitts folgen.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte im Wesentlichen um 90 Grad schräg zueinander verlaufen.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte derart ausgeführt werden, dass Profile mit abgerundeten Ecken und Rändern erhalten werden.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch das Einsetzen von Verstärkungselementen in einen Abschnitt des Artikels, der erhalten werden soll oder bereits erhalten worden ist, in der Nähe des Abschnitts, wo die schräg zueinander verlaufenden Schnitte ausgeführt werden sollen.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstärkungselemente Bügel oder ähnliche Elemente aufweisen.
  14. Hohlplattenelement mit einem T-förmigen Längsschnitt, das durch ein Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche erhalten wird.
  15. Hohlplattenelement mit einem L-förmigen Längsschnitt, das durch ein Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 erhalten wird.
  16. Vorgefertigtes Trägerelement, das durch ein Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 erhalten werden kann.
EP02012483A 2001-06-15 2002-06-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fertigteilplatte oder eines Fertigteilträgers aus Standardbeton oder vorgespanntem Beton Expired - Lifetime EP1266735B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR20010067 2001-06-15
IT2001VR000067A ITVR20010067A1 (it) 2001-06-15 2001-06-15 Procedimento per produrre una lastra alveolare in calcestruzzo precompresso e lastra cosi' ottenuta

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1266735A2 EP1266735A2 (de) 2002-12-18
EP1266735A3 EP1266735A3 (de) 2004-03-10
EP1266735B1 true EP1266735B1 (de) 2007-12-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02012483A Expired - Lifetime EP1266735B1 (de) 2001-06-15 2002-06-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fertigteilplatte oder eines Fertigteilträgers aus Standardbeton oder vorgespanntem Beton

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1266735B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE381419T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60224133D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2296843T3 (de)
IT (1) ITVR20010067A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2483190B1 (es) * 2013-02-05 2015-05-11 Prefabricados Pujol, S.A. Procedimiento de fabricación de piezas de hormigón y pieza de hormigón así obtenida
CN109356043A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-02-19 南京铁道职业技术学院 既有空心板梁单板受力加固构造及加固方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE577519C (de) * 1931-10-09 1933-06-01 Carl Ludowici Falzziegelwerke Verfahren zur Herstellung von Baukoerpern, insbesondere solchen aus Ton
FI76518B (fi) * 1986-01-17 1988-07-29 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer formning av bindspaor i sidoytorna hos ett betongelement.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1266735A3 (de) 2004-03-10
DE60224133D1 (de) 2008-01-31
EP1266735A2 (de) 2002-12-18
ES2296843T3 (es) 2008-05-01
ITVR20010067A1 (it) 2002-12-15
ATE381419T1 (de) 2008-01-15

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