EP0692050A1 - Verfahren zum herstellen von betonelementen und nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes betonelement - Google Patents

Verfahren zum herstellen von betonelementen und nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes betonelement

Info

Publication number
EP0692050A1
EP0692050A1 EP93910488A EP93910488A EP0692050A1 EP 0692050 A1 EP0692050 A1 EP 0692050A1 EP 93910488 A EP93910488 A EP 93910488A EP 93910488 A EP93910488 A EP 93910488A EP 0692050 A1 EP0692050 A1 EP 0692050A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
insulation layer
channel
layer
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93910488A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Henry Jugas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DALA CEMENTVARUFABRIK AB
Original Assignee
DALA CEMENTVARUFABRIK AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DALA CEMENTVARUFABRIK AB filed Critical DALA CEMENTVARUFABRIK AB
Publication of EP0692050A1 publication Critical patent/EP0692050A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0062Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects forcing the elements into the cast material, e.g. hooks into cast concrete
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0075Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects for decorative purposes
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an insulated concrete element according to the preamble of Claim 1, and a concrete element manufactured according to said method, of the type disclosed in the preamble of Claim 9.
  • Insulated concrete elements of conventional type for example for outer walls, supporting inner walls or floors, are normally made as sandwich elements consisting of two concrete layers interconnected by reinforcement ladders.
  • the inner layer is a supporting layer and the outer layer serves as a wall covering.
  • Sandwich elements are as a rule one storey high but are also made as spandrel elements or in even larger dimensions, e.g. for use in industrial structures. It is also possible to prehang the windows and doors at the factory, so that the climate shell of the building will be complete as soon as the wall elements are mounted in place. Experience has shown that damage to such premounted windows during transport and assembly is quite rare. The mounting of hardware can also be completed at the factory.
  • the wall element can also be cast with spaces for plumbing, electrical and telephone installations.
  • the connections between the different wall portions are easily done as is the sealing for fire and noise protection.
  • the inside can be made smooth so that it can be painted with a minimum of preparation.
  • the outside can be made with various structures and surface treatments.
  • the manufacture of a conventional wall element comprises the following steps:
  • Form oil is applied to a table form and stop ends are mounted in place to define the surfaces of the element.
  • the reinforcement is then prepared and placed on the table form and a first casting of a first concrete layer is done.
  • the reinforcement comprises a welded mesh in which reinforcement ladders are tied securely with a predetermined spacing.
  • insulation in the form of hard mineral wool is supplied onto the first concrete layer between the ladders and a welded mesh is tied to the reinforcing ladders on top of the layer of insula ⁇ tion.
  • the second concrete layer is cast directly on the mineral wall or, alternatively, the entire package, with the first concrete layer, the mineral wall and the second welded mesh, is lifted by a lifting means, is turned over and is emersed in wet concrete in the table form. Any wall surface treatment necessary is done thereon, and the element is then ready for delivery.
  • the wall surface treatment can include rolling or raking or the form can be coated before casting with a so-called retarder to delay hardening of the surface layer itself, so that a portion of the material can be washed off to partially expose the aggregate.
  • the conventional concrete or wall element thus has a number of major disadvantages, it being heavy and difficult to handle, and gives rise to unnecessarily thick walls in addition to being time-consuming and complicated in manufacture and thus costly.
  • the purpose of the present invention is therefore to define a method of manufacturing a concrete element which has the good properties of the sandwich element but in which the above indicated disadvantages have been removed, and a concrete element manufactured according to said method.
  • the prefabricated structure will have the appearance of a building built completely at the site. There are no external joints, which present both technical and aesthetic problems.
  • the required profiling can be optimized with high precision, e.g. as regards the thickness of the insulation and the joints, and combined lifting eyes/anchoring means can be cast into each element with exact placement and orientation.
  • the anchoring means can, for example, be cast into the adjacent floor structure, which is cast on site.
  • Prefabricated concrete elements according to the invention are preferable for environmental reasons as wells, since spackling is eliminated which can induce allergies, as well as sanding dust which is created when the casting joints are sanded off on the outside concrete element. Compared with walls cast on site, no time- consuming plugging of form tie holes is required.
  • Base plastering can be done at the factory, which provides uniform high quality.
  • the manufacture of a concrete element according to the invention is done initially in the same manner as accord- ing to the conventional technology, up to the application of cement for casting the first concrete layer.
  • some kind of fastening device must be used between the insulation and the concrete sheet.
  • sheets of insulation as moulds for reinforcing ridges and pressing the sheets into a mould provided with reinforcement and filled with fresh concrete produces, when the concrete has hardened, a concrete element with a smooth concrete surface and insulation securely cast thereto.
  • Each sheet of insulation is suitably cut out so that at least one recess with a shoulder is formed adjacent to each of two opposite edges of the sheet.
  • each insulating sheet is made with tightly spaced grooves over the entire surface of the sheet, forming relatively shallow channels relative to the recesses.
  • the concrete penetrates into the channels and is caused to fill them up completely by vibrating the concrete. . Any enclosed air will exit through the gaps between the sheets or through the insulation material itself.
  • a concrete slab is obtained with concrete ridges which are, as the case may be, dovetail-shaped, T-shaped or rectangular, said ridges fitting into corresponding dovetail-shaped, T-shaped or rectangular channels in the insulation material.
  • Each of these concrete ridges serves as an anchoring means for the insulation.
  • each shoulder is made so that the channel formed by two adjacent shoulders has in cross-section a greater width in its inner portion than in its outer portion. This assures secure anchoring of the insulation in the concrete.
  • the cross-section of the channel can be either dovetailed or T-shaped.
  • a dovetail channel is provided by sawing the recess out at a suitable angle.
  • the T-shape is achieved by routing out a groove in the recess adjacent to and parallel to the shoulder forming the bottom of the channel.
  • Fig. 1 shows insulation consisting of a group of sheets of insulation lying adjacent to each other
  • Fig. 2 shows a mould provided with reinforcing ladders and filled with reinforced concrete
  • Fig. 3 shows the mould according to Fig. 2 in cross- section along the line A-A
  • Fig. 4 shows a hydraulic pressing means disposed on the mould
  • Fig. 5 shows a finished concrete element
  • Fig. 6 shows a concrete element covered with stone, said element having dovetailed channel
  • Fig. 7 shows a concrete element covered with wood, which has channels with straight parallel lateral surfaces
  • Fig. 8 shows a concrete element with a plaster front, said element having channels with T-shaped cross-section
  • Fig. 9 shows a supporting inner wall in section, having a core of insulation with channels on alternating sides
  • Fig. 10 shows in section the construction of outer wall elements at a joint between two elements and a concrete floor structure
  • Fig. 11 shows a portion of an insulation sheet which has a channel with a U-shaped cross-section.
  • a concrete element 2 is dimensioned according to applicable specifications as regards supporting function, insulation, fire protection, noise insulation and any specific functional requirements. Control plans and check lists for the product are established.
  • the element 2 is built up essentially of an insulation block 4 and a reinforced concrete layer 6 which are joined together by openings 8 in the insulation block, said openings surrounding anchoring ridges 10.
  • the insulation block is composed of insulation sheets 12, preferably of cellular plastic, provided at adjacent facing edges with recesses 14 and shoulders 16. When the insulation sheets are joined together into an insulation block along a joint line 18 located between adjacent sheets, the recesses and shoulders of the adjacent insulation sheets form channels 20.
  • channels 20 with varying cross-sections can be formed, dove-tailed, T-shaped or U-shaped cross-sections being preferable.
  • the channels 20 are suitably made by sawing out or routing out the recesses 14 and shoulders 16, the defining surfaces of the channels 20 being roughened up thereby and having a rough surface layer with many small projections 22. Ordinary sawing can provide a positive grip depending on the structure which is produced in the saw-cut.
  • a casting mould 24 of steel is cleaned and oiled. Stop ends (not shown) are set in place to limit the outer dimensions of the element.
  • the mould has a mould edge 26 at either end.
  • a prefabricated mould for doors or windows is fixed as needed with magnets (not shown) .
  • Electrical boxes and smaller com- ponents to be cast in the concrete are fixed with hot melt adhesive, for example.
  • a prefabricated reinforcement cage comprising spacers and reinforcement ladders 28 which are known per se is placed in the mould and is fixed therein.
  • the reinforcement ladders are oriented as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 with a spacing which is adapted to the corresponding spacing between the channels in the insulation sheets or which agrees with the outer dimen ⁇ sions of the sheets.
  • the insulation sheets 12 are pre ⁇ pared as specified above and the mould 24 is filled with a calculated amount of fresh concrete which is prelimina ⁇ rily smoothed off.
  • the insulation block 4 is placed above the concrete in the form with the aid of a lifting and
  • the element is achieved.
  • the concrete is vibrated by means of conventional vibrators arranged in the mould. This causes the concrete to penetrate into each groove or channel 20 and the vibration is terminated only when no further sinking of the insulation block is noticed and the intended thickness of the element has been achieved.
  • the concrete should then have been pressed up along the outer edges and thus fill out the entire space under the insulation.
  • the lifting and pressing means 30 are removed from the casting mould 24, which is transferred to a hardening chamber (not shown) , in which the concrete is quickly hardened by using the released heat of the reaction, which as a rule is sufficient to maintain a continuous temperature of about 40°C.
  • the mould is removed from the hardening chamber and the finished element 2 is removed from the mould.
  • a wall covering 50 is applied to the outside of the concrete element.
  • Alternative wall coverings are brick, wood or plaster.
  • a brick siding 50 is fixed to the concrete element by means of wall ties 52 cast into each anchoring ridge 10 and which anchor the brick siding in a known manner (Fig. 6).
  • a wooden siding 50 is fixed to braces 54 cast in the concrete in a corresponding manner (Fig. 7).
  • Plastering is done with the aid of a track-mounted plastering roller of conventional type which provides a good plaster undercoating. With the aid of a conventional vibrator beam, the plaster is vibrated in place in the right thickness.
  • a mesh reinforcement may be pressed down to about half of the thickness of the plaster and the plaster 50 be smoothed off by means of an angled steel blade (Fig. 8).
  • the element is inspected and then placed upright on a transport pallet.
  • a surface finish which is ready for painting is obtained at the same time on the side of the concrete facing the inside of the structure, even including window reveals and the like.
  • the plaster layer applied directly to the outside of the insulation sheet or onto a plaster carrying mesh is elastic and is able thereby to absorb stresses arising through temperature variations, thus making possible a plaster wall covering which is free from joints.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
EP93910488A 1991-10-18 1993-03-30 Verfahren zum herstellen von betonelementen und nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes betonelement Ceased EP0692050A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9103042A SE9103042D0 (sv) 1991-10-18 1991-10-18 Saett att tillverka vaeggelement, samt vaeggelement tillverkat enligt saettet
SE9203033A SE501752C2 (sv) 1991-10-18 1992-10-15 Isolerat betongelement, samt sätt och anordning för dess tillverkning
PCT/SE1993/000268 WO1994023143A1 (en) 1991-10-18 1993-03-30 Method for manufacturing concrete elements and a concrete element manufactured according to the method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0692050A1 true EP0692050A1 (de) 1996-01-17

Family

ID=26661214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93910488A Ceased EP0692050A1 (de) 1991-10-18 1993-03-30 Verfahren zum herstellen von betonelementen und nach diesem verfahren hergestelltes betonelement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0692050A1 (de)
AU (1) AU4095993A (de)
FI (1) FI954633A0 (de)
NO (1) NO311773B1 (de)
SE (2) SE9103042D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1994023143A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102356203A (zh) * 2009-02-27 2012-02-15 吉温特有限公司 墙元件及制造该元件的方法

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29706642U1 (de) * 1997-04-14 1997-08-28 Spreepolymer Gummiwerke Gmbh Verbundsystem für hochpolymeres elastisches Plattenmaterial und frischem unabgebundenen Beton, insbesondere zur Schwingungsentkopplung und für den Unfallschutz
ES2161139B1 (es) * 1999-05-17 2002-06-16 Sanchez Jaime Enrique Jimenez Proceso de fabricacion de placas de forjado de bovedilla de poliestireno y nervio de hormigon pretensado y placas de forjado asi obtenidas.
DE19959336C2 (de) * 1999-12-09 2003-05-15 Rockwool Mineralwolle Dämmstoffelement
ES2161199B1 (es) * 2000-05-16 2002-07-01 Sanchez Jaime Enrique Jimenez Procedimiento de fabricacion de placa alveolar ligera materializada en obra, placa asi obtenida y su aplicacion en viviendas.
DE10305272A1 (de) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 BRINKKÖTTER, Dieter Fassadenelement für eine Außenwandfassade
DE10305273A1 (de) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 BRINKKÖTTER, Dieter Fassadenelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fassadenelementes
US20060032166A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-16 Devalapura Ravi K High strength composite wall panel system
FR2879227B1 (fr) 2004-12-10 2007-03-02 Pierre Macchi Procede de realisation d'elements de construction prefabriques, et elements ainsi obtenus
EP1826330A3 (de) 2006-02-28 2010-10-27 Innovative Bau GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fertigteil-Wandelements
EP1884352A3 (de) 2006-08-04 2008-03-05 Roxbury Limited Gebäudeplatte
GB0615507D0 (en) * 2006-08-04 2006-09-13 Roxbury Ltd Building panel
WO2013020228A1 (en) * 2011-08-05 2013-02-14 Bradfield Jeffrey Rae Prefabricated wall module and method of fabrication
FR3001745B1 (fr) * 2013-02-07 2015-11-20 Armatures Assemblees Mure Soc Nouv Procede de construction d'un plancher a l'aide de predalles semi-suspendues et regle pour sa mise en œuvre
KR101342077B1 (ko) * 2013-05-15 2013-12-18 현대산업개발 주식회사 외단열 기능의 프리캐스트 콘크리트 벽체의 제작방법
NL2020052B1 (en) * 2017-12-11 2019-06-19 Quinteq B V Prefabricated insulated concrete wall panel
IT201800010064A1 (it) * 2018-11-06 2020-05-06 Sergio Mancina Pannello decorativo composito formato da almeno due strati di cui uno strato in materiale isolante e uno strato esterno composto da una malta indurente e processo di produzione
NO20200025A1 (no) * 2019-01-09 2020-07-10 Selvaag Gruppen As Fasadeelement, fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et slikt fasadeelement, samt en vegg med flere slike elementer og anvendelse av slike fasadeelementer for rehabilitering av bygg.
US11214964B2 (en) * 2019-06-14 2022-01-04 Nexii Building Solutions Inc. Reinforced structural insulation panel with corner blocks
CN114434592B (zh) * 2021-09-26 2022-09-23 山东国茂冶金材料有限公司 回转窑预制件成型装置及方法

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CH458685A (fr) * 1966-05-23 1968-06-30 Surgelation Ind Et Entrepots F Dalle
SE387395B (sv) * 1973-09-03 1976-09-06 Oestgoeta Byggen Ab Veggbeklednadsplatta
US4318258A (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-03-09 Friedrich Heck Thermal insulation for buildings
EP0261919A3 (de) * 1986-09-24 1988-06-29 The Dow Chemical Company Verbundbauplatte
US4841702A (en) * 1988-02-22 1989-06-27 Huettemann Erik W Insulated concrete building panels and method of making the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9423143A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102356203A (zh) * 2009-02-27 2012-02-15 吉温特有限公司 墙元件及制造该元件的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9203033D0 (sv) 1992-10-15
FI954633A (fi) 1995-09-29
WO1994023143A1 (en) 1994-10-13
SE9203033L (sv) 1993-04-19
AU4095993A (en) 1994-10-24
FI954633A0 (fi) 1995-09-29
SE501752C2 (sv) 1995-05-08
SE9103042D0 (sv) 1991-10-18
NO953848L (no) 1995-10-16
NO953848D0 (no) 1995-09-28
NO311773B1 (no) 2002-01-21

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