EP1264175A2 - Sampling device for gas analyses of raw coke oven gases and other contaminated gases and method for analysis thereof - Google Patents

Sampling device for gas analyses of raw coke oven gases and other contaminated gases and method for analysis thereof

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Publication number
EP1264175A2
EP1264175A2 EP01917082A EP01917082A EP1264175A2 EP 1264175 A2 EP1264175 A2 EP 1264175A2 EP 01917082 A EP01917082 A EP 01917082A EP 01917082 A EP01917082 A EP 01917082A EP 1264175 A2 EP1264175 A2 EP 1264175A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
electrostatic filter
gases
sampling
saturator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01917082A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Rossa
Werner Kruck
Horst Schröder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DMT GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Montan Technologie GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsche Montan Technologie GmbH filed Critical Deutsche Montan Technologie GmbH
Publication of EP1264175A2 publication Critical patent/EP1264175A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/019—Post-treatment of gases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
    • G01N1/2258—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a stack or chimney
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G01N33/0014—Sample conditioning by eliminating a gas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0011—Sample conditioning
    • G01N33/0016—Sample conditioning by regulating a physical variable, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
    • G01N2001/227—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas separating gas from solid, e.g. filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N2001/2282—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state with cooling means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sampling for gas analysis of gases heavily loaded with impurities, in particular with solids and tar, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for gas analysis of these gases
  • the raw coke oven gas produced from coking coal is a brown-yellow mixture of gases and vapors. It mainly consists of hydrogen, methane, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon oxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ammonia, sulfur and hydrogen sulfide as well as tar.
  • the raw coke oven gas In order to use the raw coke oven gas as heating gas in steelworks or power plants or to feed it into a gas network, it has to be cleaned in a special raw gas treatment plant.
  • the steam-saturated coke oven raw gas coming from the coke ovens which is approx. 80 ° C hot, is first indirectly cooled and electrostatically de-aerated before it is largely freed from hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, benzene and naphthalene. Due to the high proportion of particulate and tarry constituents in the raw coke oven gas, it is not possible to continuously sample the coke oven raw gas coming from the coke ovens, which is saturated with steam at approx. 80 ° C, in order to carry out gas analyzes in online operation.
  • the continuous sampling of the raw coke oven gas only takes place after indirect gas cooling and electrostatic de-icing in the cold area (approx. 20 ° C).
  • the maintenance effort for this sampling is still very high there.
  • a continuous oxygen measurement in the raw coke oven gas can therefore only take place at the outlet of the electrostatic filter. Therefore, the time for switching off the electrostatic filter when an explosive mixture is detected in this area must be very short.
  • the cut-off point for the electrostatic filter is usually set to a limit oxygen content of less than 2% in the raw coke oven gas. This often leads to unnecessary downtimes in the field of coke oven raw gas depletion.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and method with which continuous sampling and analysis of gases heavily loaded with contaminants, such as solids and tar, is reliably possible with little maintenance.
  • the response time for switching off electrostatic discharge systems for raw coke oven gas should be extended.
  • Another task is to provide a method for gas analysis of these gases.
  • the sample gas to be analyzed is kept in a sampling line and in an electrostatic filter at the temperature at which the sampling takes place.
  • this temperature is approx. 80 ° C for raw coke oven gas.
  • the sampling line and the electrostatic filter must be largely protected against condensation, e.g. B. by insulation, so that water and tar can not condense appreciably, which would lead to caking in the sampling line and the electrostatic filter. Preference is given to heating the sampling line and the electrostatic filter to a temperature which corresponds to the temperature of the sample gas during sampling.
  • the electrostatic precipitator has a significantly higher efficiency at a temperature of approx. 80 ° C than at lower temperatures. 99.99% of the solids are separated in the heated electrostatic precipitator.
  • the sample gas is then - preferably - passed through a heated cotton filter. In this cotton filter any entrained particles are separated due to the reduction in flow velocity and the filter effect of the cotton.
  • the sample gas then flows into a heated gas saturator.
  • the gas saturator is mixed with an organic solvent, e.g. B. decalin filled.
  • the sample gas is saturated with the solvent according to the saturation vapor pressure.
  • the sample gas is now fed into an indirect cooler in which the water vapor and the naphthalene contained in the sample gas are condensed out.
  • the naphthalene does not clog the cooler because it is dissolved and washed off by the solvent taken up in the saturator, which also condenses in the cooler.
  • the naphthalene can also be separated with a wash bottle filled with solvent.
  • the sample gas cleaned in this way can now be conveyed continuously by means of the gas pump to the desired online analysis and to the oxygen measurement connected in parallel.
  • a solvent trap is provided in front of the gas saturator, which separates entrained solvent in the event of fluctuations in pressure.
  • the sampling system according to the invention is protected against explosion by a locking chain.
  • PSA switch Pressure Switch Alarm
  • the locking chain also closes automatically if an oxygen content of> 4% is measured during the oxygen measurement.
  • an alarm message (signal lamp and horn) and a switch-off signal can be sent from the sampling device to the technical facilities, such as the electrostatic emptying of a coking plant.
  • the sample gas After passing through the oneline analysis devices, the sample gas can be returned to the sample gas line.
  • the sampling device can be arranged in a transport case.
  • the transport case can be heated so that separate heating of the electrostatic precipitator and the gas saturator is not necessary.
  • sampling device With the sampling device according to the invention, continuous sampling is possible with all gases containing a lot of dust, such as e.g. waste incineration, gasification, heavy oil firing, coal firing systems and blast furnace gases.
  • gases containing a lot of dust such as e.g. waste incineration, gasification, heavy oil firing, coal firing systems and blast furnace gases.
  • test gas is under pressure, a gas pump may not be necessary.
  • Figure. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the sampling device
  • Figure 2 shows an electrostatic filter with integrated solids determination.
  • a heated sampling line 2 is branched off in front of a coke oven raw gas line 1 of a coking plant, not shown, which is connected to a heated electrostatic filter 3 for separating the aerosol-like contaminants of the raw gas.
  • the electrostatic filter 3 is operated with a high-voltage generator 4.
  • the electrostatic filter 3 is provided with a continuous drain 3 '.
  • a cotton filter 5, which is also heatable, is arranged behind the electrostatic filter 3.
  • the sample gas then flows through a gas saturator 6 with decalin 6a, which is preceded by a solvent trap 6 '.
  • the sample gas saturated with decalin 6a flows into a cooler 7, in which the condensation takes place.
  • the cooler 7 is provided with a continuous drain T.
  • the sample gas processed in this way can be fed to a continuous oxygen measurement 10 via a gas pump 8. Further online gas measuring devices 9 are connected via a further line.
  • the electrostatic filter 11 shows an electrostatic filter 11 with integrated solids determination.
  • the electrostatic filter 11 consists of a cylindrical jacket 12, which serves as a negative pole, and a spray wire 13 with an insulator 13M.
  • the cylindrical jacket 12 has a cover 14.
  • a cone 15 with an outlet 17 is arranged, which can be closed by a shut-off valve 16.
  • the sample gas enters through a gas inlet nozzle 18 which is open in the direction 'of the cone 15 °.
  • the cone 15 of the electrostatic precipitator 11, which acts as a diffuser, results in a reduction in the flow velocity, as a result of which rough particles are already pre-separated in the sample gas.
  • the sample gas leaves the electrostatic precipitator 11 via a gas outlet connection 19 which is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical jacket 12 of the electrostatic precipitator 11.
  • a collecting container 20 is arranged under the cone 15 of the electrostatic filter 11.
  • the collecting container 20 receives the substances separated in the electrostatic filter 11 via an outlet 17.
  • the collecting container 20 can be emptied via an emptying 22 with a shut-off valve 21 onto a sieve plate 24 with a balance 25.
  • the emptying takes place under nitrogen, which is fed into the collecting container 20 through a nitrogen supply 23. Since 99.99% of the solids carried with the sample gas are separated in the electrostatic filter 11, there is thus the possibility of continuously determining the solids content of the sample gas by weighing.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the sampling of gases for analysis. Said gases are heavily contaminated with, in particular, solids and tars and are, in particular, raw coke oven gases. A largely condensation-protected, in particular, heated sampling line (2) is connected to a largely condensation-protected, in particular, heated electrofilter (3) and a gas cooler (7) is arranged behind the electrofilter (3), in the direction of flow, from whence the sampled gas may be led, by means of at least one line to at least one gas analysis unit (9).

Description

Vorrichtung zur Probenahme für Gasanalysen von Koksofenrohgasen und anderen verunreinigten Gasen sowie Verfahren zur Gasanalyse dieser Gase Sampling device for gas analysis of raw coke oven gases and other contaminated gases and method for gas analysis of these gases
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Probenahme für Gasanalysen von stark mit Verunreinigungen, insbesondere mit Feststoffen und Teer, befrachteten Gasen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zur Gasanalyse dieser GaseThe invention relates to a device for sampling for gas analysis of gases heavily loaded with impurities, in particular with solids and tar, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for gas analysis of these gases
Das bei der Verkokung von Steinkohle erzeugte Koksofenrohgas ist ein braungelbes Gemisch von Gasen und Dämpfen. Es besteht vornehmlich aus Wasserstoff, Methan, ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen, Kohlenoxyd, Kohlendioxyd, Stickstoff, Ammoniak, Schwefel und Schwefelwasserstoff sowie Teer.The raw coke oven gas produced from coking coal is a brown-yellow mixture of gases and vapors. It mainly consists of hydrogen, methane, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon oxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, ammonia, sulfur and hydrogen sulfide as well as tar.
Um das Koksofenrohgas als Heizgas in Stahlwerken oder Kraftwerken zu verwenden oder in ein Gasnetz einzuspeisen, ist seine Reinigung in einer speziellen Koksofenrohgasbe- handlungsanlage erforderlich. Das von den Koksöfen kommende wasserdampfgesättigte, ca. 80°C heiße Koksofenrohgas wird zunächst indirekt gekühlt und elektrostatisch entteert, bevor es von Schwefelwasserstoff, Ammoniak, Benzol und Naphthalin weitgehend befreit wird. Aufgrund des hohen Anteils an partikelförmigen und teerigen Bestandteilen im Koksofenrohgas ist es nicht möglich, das von den Koksöfen kommende, wasserdampfgesättigte ca. 80°C heiße Koksofenrohgas kontinuierlich zu beproben, um Gasanalysen im Online- Betrieb durchzufuhren. Aus diesem Grunde findet die kontinuierliche Beprobung des Koksofenrohgases erst nach der indirekten Gaskühlung und der elektrostatischen Enttee- rung im kalten Bereich (ca. 20°C) statt. Der Wartungsaufwand bei dieser Probenahme ist allerdings auch dort noch sehr hoch. Eine kontinuierliche Sauerstoffmessung im Koksofenrohgas kann somit erst am Austritt des Elektrofilters erfolgen. Deshalb muss die Zeit für das Abschalten des Elektrofilters bei einem Feststellen eines explosionsfähigen Gemisches in diesem Bereich sehr kurz bemessen werden. Der Abschaltpunkt für das Elektrofilter wird üblicherweise auf einen Grenz-Sauerstoffgehalt von weniger als 2 % im Koksofenrohgas gelegt. Das fuhrt häufig zu unnötigen Stillständen im Bereich der Koksofenrohgas- entteerung.In order to use the raw coke oven gas as heating gas in steelworks or power plants or to feed it into a gas network, it has to be cleaned in a special raw gas treatment plant. The steam-saturated coke oven raw gas coming from the coke ovens, which is approx. 80 ° C hot, is first indirectly cooled and electrostatically de-aerated before it is largely freed from hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, benzene and naphthalene. Due to the high proportion of particulate and tarry constituents in the raw coke oven gas, it is not possible to continuously sample the coke oven raw gas coming from the coke ovens, which is saturated with steam at approx. 80 ° C, in order to carry out gas analyzes in online operation. For this reason, the continuous sampling of the raw coke oven gas only takes place after indirect gas cooling and electrostatic de-icing in the cold area (approx. 20 ° C). However, the maintenance effort for this sampling is still very high there. A continuous oxygen measurement in the raw coke oven gas can therefore only take place at the outlet of the electrostatic filter. Therefore, the time for switching off the electrostatic filter when an explosive mixture is detected in this area must be very short. The cut-off point for the electrostatic filter is usually set to a limit oxygen content of less than 2% in the raw coke oven gas. This often leads to unnecessary downtimes in the field of coke oven raw gas depletion.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit der eine kontinuierliche Probenahme und Analyse von stark mit Verunreinigungen, wie Feststoffen und Teer, befrachteten Gasen mit geringem Wartungsaufwand zuverlässig möglich ist. Vorzugsweise soll die Reaktionszeit für die Abschaltung elektrostatischer Entteerungsanlagen für Koksofenrohgas verlängert werden. Eine wertere Aufgabe ist die Bereitstellung eines Verfahrens zur Gasanalyse dieser Gase.The invention has for its object to provide an apparatus and method with which continuous sampling and analysis of gases heavily loaded with contaminants, such as solids and tar, is reliably possible with little maintenance. Preferably, the response time for switching off electrostatic discharge systems for raw coke oven gas should be extended. Another task is to provide a method for gas analysis of these gases.
Diese Aufgabe wird im Hinblick auf die Vorrichtung durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 und im Hinblick auf das Verfahren durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 16 gelöst.This object is achieved with regard to the device by the features of patent claim 1 and with regard to the method by the features of patent claim 16.
Weiterbildungen erfolgen gemäß den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.Further developments take place according to the characteristics of the subclaims.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird das zu analysierende Probegas in einer Probenahmeleitung und in einem Elektrofilter auf der Temperatur gehalten, bei der die Probenahme erfolgt. In der Regel beträgt diese Temperatur bei Koksofenrohgas ca. 80°C. Die Probenahmeleitung und das Elektrofilter müssen weitgehend kondensationsgeschützt ausgeführt sein, z. B. durch Isolierung, damit Wasser und Teer nicht nennenswert auskondensieren können, was zu Anbackungen in der Probenahmeleitung und dem Elektrofilter fuhren würde. Bevorzugt ist eine Beheizung der Probenahmeleitung und des Elektrofilters auf eine Temperatur, die der Temperatur des Probegases bei der Probenahme entspricht.According to the invention, the sample gas to be analyzed is kept in a sampling line and in an electrostatic filter at the temperature at which the sampling takes place. As a rule, this temperature is approx. 80 ° C for raw coke oven gas. The sampling line and the electrostatic filter must be largely protected against condensation, e.g. B. by insulation, so that water and tar can not condense appreciably, which would lead to caking in the sampling line and the electrostatic filter. Preference is given to heating the sampling line and the electrostatic filter to a temperature which corresponds to the temperature of the sample gas during sampling.
Durch Versuche mit Koksofenrohgas wurde festgestellt, dass das Elektrofilter bei einer Temperatur von ca. 80°C einen deutlich höheren Wirkungsgrad als bei niedrigeren Temperaturen aufweist. In dem beheizten Elektrofilter werden 99,99 % der Feststoffe abgeschieden. Das Probegas wird anschließend - vorzugsweise - durch einen beheizten Wattefilter geleitet. In diesem Wattefilter werden evtl. mitgerissene Partikel durch die Verringerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit sowie durch die Filterwirkung der Watte abgeschieden. Danach durchströmt das Probegas in einen beheizten Gassättiger. Der Gassättiger ist mit einem organischen Lösungsmittel, z. B. Dekalin, gefüllt. Beim Durchströmen des Gassätti- gers wird das Probegas mit dem Lösungsmittel entsprechend dem Sättigungsdampfdruck gesättigt.Experiments with raw coke oven gas have shown that the electrostatic precipitator has a significantly higher efficiency at a temperature of approx. 80 ° C than at lower temperatures. 99.99% of the solids are separated in the heated electrostatic precipitator. The sample gas is then - preferably - passed through a heated cotton filter. In this cotton filter any entrained particles are separated due to the reduction in flow velocity and the filter effect of the cotton. The sample gas then flows into a heated gas saturator. The gas saturator is mixed with an organic solvent, e.g. B. decalin filled. When flowing through the gas saturator, the sample gas is saturated with the solvent according to the saturation vapor pressure.
Das Probegas wird nun in einen indirekten Kühler geführt, in de i der Wasserdampf und das in dem Probegas enthaltene Naphthalin auskondensiert werden. Das Naphthalin verstopft den Kühler nicht, da es durch das in dem Sättiger aufgenommene Lösungsmittel, das in dem Kühler ebenfalls kondensiert, gelöst und abgewaschen wird. Das Naphthalin kann auch mit einer mit Lösungsmittel gefüllten Waschflasche abgeschieden werden.The sample gas is now fed into an indirect cooler in which the water vapor and the naphthalene contained in the sample gas are condensed out. The naphthalene does not clog the cooler because it is dissolved and washed off by the solvent taken up in the saturator, which also condenses in the cooler. The naphthalene can also be separated with a wash bottle filled with solvent.
Das so gereinigte Probegas kann nun kontinuierlich mittels der Gaspumpe zur gewünschten Online- Analytik sowie zur parallel geschalteten Sauerstoffmessung gefördert werden.The sample gas cleaned in this way can now be conveyed continuously by means of the gas pump to the desired online analysis and to the oxygen measurement connected in parallel.
In der Probenahmevorrichtung kann es vorkommen, dass ein eventueller Unterdruck an der Probenahmestelle sich bis in den Bereich des Gassättigers auswirkt. Deshalb ist gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vor dem Gassättiger eine Lösungsmittelfalle vorgesehen, die mitgerissenes Lösungsmittel bei Drackschwankungen abscheidet. Das erfindungsgemäße Probenahmesystem ist durch eine Verriegelungskette gegen Explosion geschützt. Bei einem plötzlichen Druckanstieg innerhalb des im Unterdruck betriebenen Probenahmesystems würde sich der gemessene Druck in Richtung 0 mm Wassersäule bewegen. Durch einen sogenannten PSA-Schalter (Pressure Switch Alarm) würde die Vorrichtung, d.h. die Gaspumpe und das Elektrofilter sofort abgeschaltet und das Magnetventil am Eintritt der beheizten Probenahmeleitung geschlossen, so dass keine Verbindung mehr zur Rohgasleitung besteht.In the sampling device it can happen that a possible negative pressure at the sampling point affects the area of the gas saturator. Therefore, according to a development of the invention, a solvent trap is provided in front of the gas saturator, which separates entrained solvent in the event of fluctuations in pressure. The sampling system according to the invention is protected against explosion by a locking chain. In the event of a sudden rise in pressure within the sampling system operated in the negative pressure, the measured pressure would move in the direction of a 0 mm water column. A so-called PSA switch (Pressure Switch Alarm) would immediately switch off the device, ie the gas pump and the electrostatic precipitator, and close the solenoid valve at the inlet of the heated sampling line, so that there is no longer a connection to the raw gas line.
Die Verriegelungskette schließt sich ebenfalls automatisch, falls bei der Sauerstoffmessung ein Sauerstoffgehalt von > 4 % gemessen wird. Außerdem kann eine Alarmmeldung (Signallampe und Hupton) sowie ein Abschaltsignal von der Probenahmeeinrichtung zu den technischen Einrichtungen, wie beispielsweise der elektrostatischen Entleerung einer Kokereianlage, gesendet werden.The locking chain also closes automatically if an oxygen content of> 4% is measured during the oxygen measurement. In addition, an alarm message (signal lamp and horn) and a switch-off signal can be sent from the sampling device to the technical facilities, such as the electrostatic emptying of a coking plant.
Nach dem Durchlaufen der Oneline-Analysengeräte kann das Probegas wieder in die Probegasleitung zurückgeführt werden.After passing through the oneline analysis devices, the sample gas can be returned to the sample gas line.
Mit Hilfe des erfindungsgemäßen Probenahmesystems ist es möglich, eine kontinuierliche Beprobung von stark mit Feststoffen und Teer verunreinigten Gasen vorzunehmen. Bei einer Beprobung von Koksofenrohgas führt dies zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung der Sicherheit, da durch die Probenahme mit der erfindungsgemäßen Probenahmevorrichtung in dem ca. 80°C heißen, wasserdampfgesättigten Gasstrom einer Kokereianlage die zur Ü- berwachung von Anlagenteilen erforderliche kontinuierliche 'Sauerstoffmessung gewährleistet ist.With the aid of the sampling system according to the invention, it is possible to carry out continuous sampling of gases heavily contaminated with solids and tar. In a sampling of coke oven crude gas, this leads to a substantial increase in safety, since water vapor-saturated gas stream of hot through the sampling with the inventive sampling device in the about 80 ° C, a coking plant which for Ü monitoring of system components required continuous' oxygen measurement is ensured.
Außerdem ist es möglich, eine kontinuierliche Feststoffbestimmung durch Absieben und Rückwaage der im Elektrofilter abgeschiedenen Feststoffe mit Hilfe eines Siebbodens und einer Waage durchzuführen. In Verbindung mit einer Gasmengenmessung kann die Fest- stoffkonzentration des Probegases bestimmt werden. Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann die Probenahmevorrichtung in einem Transportkoffer angeordnet werden. Der Transportkoffer ist beheizbar, so dass eine separate Beheizung des Elektrofilters und des Gassättigers nicht erforderlich ist.It is also possible to carry out a continuous solids determination by sieving and back-weighing the solids separated in the electrostatic filter with the aid of a sieve plate and a balance. In connection with a gas quantity measurement, the solids concentration of the sample gas can be determined. According to a development of the invention, the sampling device can be arranged in a transport case. The transport case can be heated so that separate heating of the electrostatic precipitator and the gas saturator is not necessary.
Für die kontinuierliche Probenahme ist es nötig, dass sowohl der Elektrofilterablauf als auch der Kühler mit einem kontinuierlichen Entleerungssystem ausgestattet sind.For continuous sampling, it is necessary that both the electrostatic filter drain and the cooler are equipped with a continuous drain system.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Probenahmevorrichtung ist eine kontinuierliche Probenahme bei allen stark staubhaltigen Gasen möglich, wie sie z.B. bei der Müllverbrennung, der Vergasung, der Schwerölfeuerung, in Kohlefeuerungsanlagen und bei Hochofengasen anfallen.With the sampling device according to the invention, continuous sampling is possible with all gases containing a lot of dust, such as e.g. waste incineration, gasification, heavy oil firing, coal firing systems and blast furnace gases.
Wenn das Probegas unter Druck steht, kann sich unter Umständen eine Gaspumpe erübrigen.If the test gas is under pressure, a gas pump may not be necessary.
Bei Gasen, die kein Naphthalin enthalten, erübrigt sich ebenso der Einsatz eines Gassättigers.For gases that do not contain naphthalene, there is also no need to use a gas saturator.
Die vorgenannten sowie die beanspruchten und in dem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebenen, erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Bauteile unterliegen hinsichtlich ihrer Größe, Formgestaltung, Materialauswahl und technischen Konzeption keinen besonderer Ausnahmebedingungen, so dass die in dem jeweiligen Anwendungsgebiet bekannten Auswahlkriterien im Rahmen der Ansprüche uneingeschränkt Anwendung finden können.With regard to their size, shape, material selection and technical conception, the aforementioned and the claimed components described in the exemplary embodiment and to be used according to the invention are not subject to any special exceptional conditions, so that the selection criteria known in the respective field of application can be used without restriction within the scope of the claims.
Weiter Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnung, in der - beispielhaft - eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Probenahme dargestellt ist. In der Zeichnung zeigen: Figur. 1 eine schematische Darstellung der Probenahmevorrichtung undFurther details, features and advantages of the subject matter of the invention result from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which - by way of example - a preferred embodiment of a device for sampling is shown. The drawing shows: Figure. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the sampling device and
Figur 2 ein Elektrofilter mit integrierter Feststoffbestimmung.Figure 2 shows an electrostatic filter with integrated solids determination.
Aus der Fig. 1 geht hervor, dass vor einer Koksofenrohgasleitung 1 einer nicht dargestellten Kokereianlage eine beheizte Probenahmeleitung 2 abgezweigt ist, die mit einem beheizten Elektrofilter 3 zur Abscheidung der aerosolförmigen Verunreinigungen des Rohgases verbunden ist. Das Elektrofilter 3 wird mit einem Hochspannungsgenerator 4 betrieben. Das Elektrofilter 3 ist mit einer kontinuierlichen Entleerung 3' versehen. Hinter dem Elektrofilter 3 ist ein Wattefilter 5, das ebenfalls beheizbar ausgeführt ist, angeordnet. Danach strömt das Probegas durch einen Gassättiger 6 mit Dekalin 6a, dem eine Lösungsmittelfalle 6' vorgeschaltet ist. Das mit Dekalin 6a gesättigte Probegas strömt in einen Kühler 7, in dem die Kondensation stattfindet. Der Kühler 7 ist mit einer kontinuierlichen Entleerung T versehen. Das so aufgearbeitete Probegas kann über eine Gaspumpe 8 einer kontinuierlichen Sauerstoffmessung 10 zugeführt werden. Über eine weitere Leitung sind weitere Online-Gasmessgeräte 9 angeschlossen.1 that a heated sampling line 2 is branched off in front of a coke oven raw gas line 1 of a coking plant, not shown, which is connected to a heated electrostatic filter 3 for separating the aerosol-like contaminants of the raw gas. The electrostatic filter 3 is operated with a high-voltage generator 4. The electrostatic filter 3 is provided with a continuous drain 3 '. A cotton filter 5, which is also heatable, is arranged behind the electrostatic filter 3. The sample gas then flows through a gas saturator 6 with decalin 6a, which is preceded by a solvent trap 6 '. The sample gas saturated with decalin 6a flows into a cooler 7, in which the condensation takes place. The cooler 7 is provided with a continuous drain T. The sample gas processed in this way can be fed to a continuous oxygen measurement 10 via a gas pump 8. Further online gas measuring devices 9 are connected via a further line.
In der Fig. 2 ist ein Elektrofilter 11 mit integrierter Feststoffbestimmung dargestellt. Das Elektrofilter 11 besteht aus einem zylindrischen Mantel 12, der als Minuspol dient und einem Sprühdraht 13 mit Isolator 13M Der zylindrische Mantel 12 weist eine Abdeckung 14 auf. Am unteren Teil des zylindrischen Mantels 12 ist ein Konus 15 mit einem Ablauf 17 angeordnet, der durch einen Absperrhahn 16 geschlossen werden kann. Das Probegas tritt durch einen Gaseintrittsstutzen 18 ein, der in Richtung' des Konus 15 geöffnet ist. Durch den als Diffusor wirkenden Konus 15 des Elektrofilters 11 tritt eine Verringerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ein, wodurch bereits eine Vorabscheidung von groben Partikeln in dem Probegas erfolgt. Das Probegas verlässt das Elektrofilter 11 über einen Gasaustrittsstutzen 19, der am oberen Ende des zylindrischen Mantels 12 des Elektrofilters 11 angeordnet ist. Unter dem Konus 15 des Elektrofilters 11 ist ein Sammelbehälter 20 angeordnet. Der Sammelbehälter 20 nimmt die in dem Elektrofilter 11 abgeschiedenen Stoffe über einen Ablauf 17 auf. Der Sammelbehälter 20 kann über eine Entleerung 22 mit Absperrhahn 21 auf einen Siebboden 24 mit Waage 25 entleert werden. Die Entleerung erfolgt unter Stickstoff, der durch eine Stickstoffzufuhr 23 in den Sammelbehälter 20 geführt wird. Da in dem Elektrofilter 11 99,99 % der mit dem Probegas mitgeführten Feststoffe abgeschieden werden, besteht somit die Möglichkeit den Feststoffgehalt des Probegases durch Wägung kontinuierlich zu bestimmen. 2 shows an electrostatic filter 11 with integrated solids determination. The electrostatic filter 11 consists of a cylindrical jacket 12, which serves as a negative pole, and a spray wire 13 with an insulator 13M. The cylindrical jacket 12 has a cover 14. At the lower part of the cylindrical shell 12, a cone 15 with an outlet 17 is arranged, which can be closed by a shut-off valve 16. The sample gas enters through a gas inlet nozzle 18 which is open in the direction 'of the cone 15 °. The cone 15 of the electrostatic precipitator 11, which acts as a diffuser, results in a reduction in the flow velocity, as a result of which rough particles are already pre-separated in the sample gas. The sample gas leaves the electrostatic precipitator 11 via a gas outlet connection 19 which is arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical jacket 12 of the electrostatic precipitator 11. A collecting container 20 is arranged under the cone 15 of the electrostatic filter 11. The collecting container 20 receives the substances separated in the electrostatic filter 11 via an outlet 17. The collecting container 20 can be emptied via an emptying 22 with a shut-off valve 21 onto a sieve plate 24 with a balance 25. The emptying takes place under nitrogen, which is fed into the collecting container 20 through a nitrogen supply 23. Since 99.99% of the solids carried with the sample gas are separated in the electrostatic filter 11, there is thus the possibility of continuously determining the solids content of the sample gas by weighing.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Rohgasleitung1 raw gas line
2 Probenahmeleitung2 sampling line
3 Elektrofilter3 electrostatic filters
3' Entleerung3 'emptying
4 Hochspannungsgenerator4 high voltage generator
5 Wattefilter5 cotton filters
6 Gassättiger6 gas saturators
6a Dekalin6a decalin
6' Lösungsmittelfalle6 'solvent trap
7 Kühler7 cooler
T EntleerungT emptying
8 Gaspumpe8 gas pump
9 ON-LINE-Messgeräte9 ON-LINE measuring devices
10 .Sauerstoffmessung10 .Oxygen measurement
11 Elektrofilter11 electrostatic precipitators
12 Mantel12 coat
13 Sprühdraht13 spray wire
13' Isolator13 'isolator
14 Abdeckung14 cover
15 Konus15 cone
16 Absperrhahn16 shut-off valve
17 Ablauf17 procedure
18 Gaseintrittsstutzen18 gas inlet connection
19 Gasaustrittsstutzen19 gas outlet connection
20 Sammelbehälter20 collecting containers
21 Absperrhahn21 shut-off valve
22 Entleerung22 emptying
23 Stickstoffznfuhr23 Nitrogen supply
24 Siebboden24 sieve plate
25 Waage 25 scales

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Probenahme für Gasanalysen von stark mit Verunreinigungen, insbesondere Feststoffen und Teer befrachteten Gasen, insbesondere Koksofenrohgase, bei denen das zu analysierende Gas durch einen Elektrofilter geführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitgehend kondensationsgeschützte, insbesondere beheizte Probenahmeleitung (2) mit einem weitgehend kondensationsgeschützten, insbesondere beheizten Elektrofilter (3) verbunden ist und in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Elektrofilter (3) ein Gassättiger (6) und ein Gaskühler (7) angeordnet ist, aus dem das Probegas über mindestens eine Leitung, mindestens einem Gasanalysegerät (9) zufuhrbar ist.1. Sampling device for gas analyzes of gases heavily loaded with impurities, in particular solids and tar, in particular coke oven raw gases, in which the gas to be analyzed is passed through an electrostatic filter, characterized in that a largely condensation-protected, in particular heated, sampling line (2) with a largely condensation-protected, in particular heated electrostatic precipitator (3) and a gas saturator (6) and a gas cooler (7) is arranged in the flow direction behind the electrostatic precipitator (3), from which the sample gas can be supplied via at least one line, at least one gas analysis device (9) is.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass hinter dem Gaskühler (7) eine Gaspumpe (8) angeordnet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas pump (8) is arranged behind the gas cooler (7).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass hinter dem Elektrofilter (3) ein beheiztes Wattefilter (5) angeordnet ist.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a heated cotton filter (5) is arranged behind the electrostatic filter (3).
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lösungsmittelfalle (6') vor dem Gassättiger (6) angeordnet ist.4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a solvent trap (6 ') is arranged in front of the gas saturator (6).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gassättiger (6) mit einem organischen Lösungsmittel gefüllt ist.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the gas saturator (6) is filled with an organic solvent.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gassättiger (6) mit Dekalin gefüllt ist.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas saturator (6) is filled with decalin.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elektrofilter (3) unten einen Konus (15) aufweist. 7. The device according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrostatic filter (3) has a cone (15) below.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Elektrofilter (3) unten ein Gaseintrittsstutzen (18) und oben ein Gasaustrittsstutzen (19) angebracht ist.8. The device according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that on the electrostatic filter (3) has a gas inlet connection (18) at the bottom and a gas outlet connection (19) at the top.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gaseintrittsstutzen (18) in Richtung des Konus (15) geöffnet ist.9. The device according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the gas inlet connection (18) in the direction of the cone (15) is open.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Verriegelungskette mit Sauerstoffmessung (10) für die Abschaltung des Elektrofilters (3) und der Gaspumpe (7) und Absperren der Probenahmeleitung (2) vorgesehen ist.10. The device according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that a locking chain with oxygen measurement (10) for switching off the electrostatic filter (3) and the gas pump (7) and shutting off the sampling line (2) is provided.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Verriegelungskette mit Druckmessung für die Abschaltung des Elektrofilters (3) und der Gaspumpe und Absperren der Probenahmeleitung (2) vorgesehen ist.11. The device according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that a locking chain with pressure measurement for switching off the electrostatic filter (3) and the gas pump and shutting off the sampling line (2) is provided.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ablauf (17) des Elektrofilters (11) mit einem Siebboden (24) mit Waage (25) zur Bestimmung der Feststoffe verbunden ist. l 12. The device according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that the outlet (17) of the electrostatic filter (11) is connected to a sieve plate (24) with a balance (25) for determining the solids. l
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Probenahmevorrichtung in einem Transportkoffer mit Heizung angeordnet ist.13. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that the sampling device is arranged in a transport case with heating.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem Elektrofilter (3) und dem Kühler (7) kontinuierliche Entleerungssysteme (3', 7') angeordnet sind.14. The apparatus according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that continuous emptying systems (3 ', 7') are arranged on the electrostatic filter (3) and the cooler (7).
15. Verfahren zur Gasanalyse, insbesondere zur Sauerstoffgehaltsmessung mit Feststoffen und Teer befrachteten Gasen, insbesondere Koksofenrohgasen, bei dem das zu analysierende Gas durch einen Elektrofilter geführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem zu analysierenden Gas enthaltene aerosolförmige Verunreinigungen mittels eines Elektrofilters bei einer der Temperatur des zu analysierenden Gases im wesentlichen gleichen Temperatur zunächst abgeschieden wird, dass nachfolgend das somit vorgereinigte Gas durch einen Gassättiger (6) und Gaskühler (7) geleitet wird und auf die übliche Gasanalysentemperatur, insbesondere Umgebungstemperatur, abgekühlt und anschließend die eigentliche Gasanalyse an dem so erhaltenen vorgereinigten und abgekühlten Gas durchgeführt wird.15. A method for gas analysis, in particular for oxygen content measurement with solids and tar-laden gases, in particular coke oven raw gases, in which the gas to be analyzed is passed through an electrostatic filter, characterized in that the aerosol-shaped impurities contained in the gas to be analyzed by means of an electrostatic filter at one of the temperatures of the gas to be analyzed, which is essentially of the same temperature, is initially separated, so that the gas which has thus been pre-cleaned is subsequently separated by a gas saturator (6) and gas cooler (7) is passed and cooled to the usual gas analysis temperature, in particular ambient temperature, and then the actual gas analysis is carried out on the pre-cleaned and cooled gas thus obtained.
16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas vor dem16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the gas before the
Gassättiger (6) durch eine Lösungsmittelfalle (6') geleitet wird. Gas saturator (6) is passed through a solvent trap (6 ').
EP01917082A 2000-03-13 2001-03-09 Sampling device for gas analyses of raw coke oven gases and other contaminated gases and method for analysis thereof Withdrawn EP1264175A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10011531 2000-03-13
DE10011531A DE10011531A1 (en) 2000-03-13 2000-03-13 Raw coke gas sampler feeds analysis instrument via heated electro-filter protected from condensation via a gas cooler
PCT/EP2001/002667 WO2001069233A2 (en) 2000-03-13 2001-03-09 Sampling device for gas analyses of raw coke oven gases and other contaminated gases and method for analysis thereof

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JP (1) JP2003527602A (en)
KR (1) KR20020088071A (en)
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ZA200206180B (en) 2003-03-18

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