EP1262051B1 - Verfahren zur steuerung der kommunikation von einzelrechnern in einem rechnerverbund - Google Patents

Verfahren zur steuerung der kommunikation von einzelrechnern in einem rechnerverbund Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1262051B1
EP1262051B1 EP01915305A EP01915305A EP1262051B1 EP 1262051 B1 EP1262051 B1 EP 1262051B1 EP 01915305 A EP01915305 A EP 01915305A EP 01915305 A EP01915305 A EP 01915305A EP 1262051 B1 EP1262051 B1 EP 1262051B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
communication
network
operating system
library
san
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01915305A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1262051A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Warschko
Joachim Blum
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Partec AG
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Partec AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Partec AG filed Critical Partec AG
Priority to EP04002323A priority Critical patent/EP1424834B1/de
Priority to EP04002322A priority patent/EP1424833B1/de
Priority to EP04002324A priority patent/EP1424835B1/de
Publication of EP1262051A1 publication Critical patent/EP1262051A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1262051B1 publication Critical patent/EP1262051B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/10—Streamlined, light-weight or high-speed protocols, e.g. express transfer protocol [XTP] or byte stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the communication of individual computers in a group of computers with which it is to be made possible, the group of individual computers to use as an efficient parallel computer.
  • Main component in one Operating system core 10 is a first network-specific device driver 11 for the Standard network LAN and a second network-specific device driver 12 for the High performance network SAN.
  • the two device drivers 11 and 12 arranged in parallel are addressed as a function of an upstream network selection unit 13 and adapt the network-specific communication interface to that of the Network protocols expected interface.
  • the specific remains to the user Control of the network and its integration largely hidden. He uses furthermore the communication operations and provided by a system library 14 only after the communication protocols have been processed in a protocol unit 15 the actual transition to the various takes place within the operating system core 10 Communication networks instead.
  • the conventional communication path thus takes place starting from an application A or B, optionally using a Programming environment 26 via the communication interface 23 of the system library 14, the entry into the operating system 10, the processing of the communication protocols in the Protocol unit 15, the network selection in the network selection unit 13, the control via the respective device driver 11 or 12 until access to the selected one Network associated hardware in the form of a network card 16 or 17.
  • the restricted range of functions of the networks used in long-distance traffic draws mechanisms for pathfinding, flow control, fragmentation or defragmentation, Order preservation, intermediate storage, error detection and error handling after themselves, all within the range of functions of standardized communication protocols (e.g. TCP / IP) are included.
  • standardized communication protocols often pose Functionalities that are more of a hindrance when used in parallel systems. This includes, in particular, fixed package sizes, complex checksum calculations, several protocol levels and a lot of information in the packet headers. The Inevitable provision of this information takes time, from the perspective of one Program developer counts to the undesired delay time. To make matters worse, that the communication path shown in Fig. 1 is not able to Adapt functionality of the underlying networks and always from one provided minimum scope. This leads especially when using special High performance networks for the implementation of existing functionality within the protocol software, which considerably slows down processing, and the software based on it Application significantly hampered.
  • the starting points are not only those used Communication networks, but especially in the network protocols used, the interaction with the operating system as well as the definition and the power of the Communication level provided at the application level.
  • the reduction The communication latency is based on the targeted shifting of tasks higher levels in lower levels of the communication path or Communication hardware, leading to a restructuring of the communication path in leads as a whole, e.g. in "Entry-Level SAN Interconnect for WindowsNT (R) Clusters, "Research Disclosure, Kenneth Mason Publications, No. 425, September 1999, pages 1258-1259.
  • the invention has for its object a method for controlling the To create communication from individual computers in a computer network in which the Communication latencies are significantly reduced and data throughput is increased, the security of the communication interface is not restricted and the Transparency of the communication interface compared to the application applications is guaranteed.
  • the conventional communication path is assumed to be provided only for the standard LAN network and a second in parallel Communication path for the high-performance network SAN to create a direct Access one.
  • Application on the SAN communication hardware at least extensive bypassing of the operating system allowed, so that Communication hardware can be controlled from the user's address space can.
  • This procedure opens up the possibility of both the operating system and the conventional communication protocols completely out of the efficiency-critical path remove the communications operations.
  • the applications on the user side are placed on at least one library, in or immediately after one Network selection unit selects one of the two networks. The network selection takes place before processing the protocol, which takes place within the operating system.
  • FIG. 2 shows the schematic representation of a communication architecture according to the invention, functions already explained in connection with FIG. 1 with the are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 2 shows, three examples are shown Applications A, B and C, possibly with the interposition of a programming environment 25 or 26 via communication interfaces 23 or 24 to a basic library 18 to, in which a network selection unit 13 is integrated.
  • the network selection unit 13 can either address the protocol unit 15 within the operating system core 10, the the first device driver 13 for the hardware or network card 16 of the standard network LAN is connected downstream.
  • the protocol unit 15 is also the known system library 14 assigned.
  • the network selection unit 13 can also have a second communication path 19 address that the base library 18 directly bypassing the operating system core 10 connects to the hardware or the network card 17 of the high-performance network SAN.
  • the A device driver 12 is also assigned to the second communication path 19, but only Administrative tasks and no longer in the actual communication is involved. Because of the network selection in or immediately after the base library 18, i.e. before entering the operating system core 10, communication connections can already redirected to the faster second communication path 19 at an early stage and so bypassing the operating system core 10 directly to the high-performance network SAN are fed. If a communication link over the second communication path 19 is not possible because, for example, the SAN environment is temporarily not is available or the destination can only be reached via the LAN environment, at first Communication path, i.e. the operating system communication and the standard network LAN used.
  • the multi-process capability necessary for the functionality of the computer system i.e. the possibility of multiple processes communicating simultaneously can maintain, is in the system architecture according to the invention by appropriate Mechanisms reached within the base library.
  • standardized communication interfaces ensure that applications when changing to a new generation of computers, in turn, not be specially adapted have to.
  • the user is one of the interfaces of the first communication path or the operating system communication syntactically and semantically equivalent programming interface 23 provided.
  • a standardized Programming environment 26 handle the communication via the base library 18.
  • MPI Message Passing Interface
  • PVM parallel Virtual Machine
  • the programming interface 23 is primarily suitable for applications the distributed data processing in local networks and their porting to the system according to the invention. Set the programming environments 25 or 26 PVM and MPI on the other hand the link to commercial parallel computers and those running there Applications.
  • Arrow (1) in Figure 3 describes the relocation of access to the SAN network from the lower layers of the operating system directly into the base library 18. This is the communication architecture freed from all the restrictions that are common exist within an operating system. The ability of the system existing memory management module exploited, from physical memory areas construct logical address spaces as desired. This so-called basic principle will applied to the communication hardware and can be used as user-level communication be designated.
  • the in the previously in Operating system core 10 located protocols provided functionality, in particular the secure data transmission by means of flow control as well as the orderly sequence of packet streams, either directly into the SAN network hardware 17 or into the basic library relocated so that the protocols previously located in the operating system core 10 for the second communication path 19 can be completely eliminated.
  • the Network hardware 17 is a programmable network adapter, it is possible to to have the desired functionality provided exclusively by the network.
  • mapping of the operating system functionality from the operating system to the Base library according to arrow (4) realizes the multi-process capability of the base library.
  • the necessary procedures for the protection of critical program sections and data areas semaphores are known per se from operating system construction.
  • the programming interface 23 of an application is also used by the system library in the Base library shown (see arrow (5b)) and also represents equivalents Programming environments 25 available (see arrow (5a)), which in turn on the Interface 24 access the base library 18 directly. Both measures serve to make applications easier, better and faster on the invention Porting communication architecture.
  • the communication architecture shown so far offers compared to a conventional one Communication architecture in operating systems brings significant performance advantages, however but also rather disadvantageous side effects.
  • the performance is through a Restriction regarding the security of the communication interface bought and at others must have standard applications that use high-speed communication want to be bound with a special system library.
  • the communication architecture shown in FIG. 4 is used to remedy weaknesses proposed.
  • the renewed relocation of the network selection 13 ensures from the library 18 into the operating system core 10, but before actually entering the protocol processing 15, both the security common in operating systems Communication interfaces, as well as the desired transparency of the Communication interface to the user applications, which now have no special Connection to the base library 18 get along.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further developed embodiment of a communication architecture in the Detail.
  • Applications A and B intervene with the interposition of one Programming environment 26 towards the system library 14, which the operating system core 10 is connected downstream.
  • a network selection unit 13 the choice between the standard LAN and the high-performance network SAN hit.
  • the communication protocols processed in the protocol unit 15 the device driver 11 for the LAN network hardware 16 is connected downstream.
  • the high-performance network SAN can access the SAN network hardware 17 directly via a communication path 19 be accessed.
  • a base library 18 is provided outside of the operating system kernel an application C with the interposition of a suitable programming environment 25 accesses and via the communication path lying outside the operating system core 10 19 'accesses the SAN network hardware 17 directly. That way So-called unprivileged communication endpoints are provided, which the Allow access to the SAN network hardware 17 bypassing the operating system, but in contrast to pure user-level communication all protection mechanisms of the Operating system. This results in a very efficient control of the SAN network hardware 17, but without the protective mechanisms of the operating system bypass.
  • Communication endpoints are self-contained and from the operating system managed and protected units, each assigned exclusively to an application so that different applications have different communication endpoints use and, for example, application A is unable to point to an end point Access application B, although both communication endpoints have the same Hardware are handled.
  • the selection of the network is the same as for conventional Communication architecture between the protocol processing and the device driver takes place, before the actual protocol processing and immediately in the example shown relocated behind the entry into the operating system core 10 so that communication operations be redirected to the faster communication path 19 at an early stage can. Again, this redirection only takes place if the desired one Communication connection can be processed via the communication path 19. is if this is not the case, it is based on conventional operating system communication resorted.
  • the shift of functionality from the operating system to the SAN network hardware according to arrow (4) realizes the multi-process capability of the opened Communication interface in the form of independent communication endpoints.
  • the necessary methods for protecting memory areas are known per se and will be from the hardware side of the memory management module of the computer.
  • the network selection takes place directly entry into the operating system. For this purpose, modifications of the Operating system kernel necessary. If the operating system does not allow it, at this point An alternative communication architecture can be used to make modifications as shown in Figure 6.
  • This architecture is different from that Architecture essentially according to FIG. 4 in that the network selection 13 from the Operating system kernel relocated to an upstream PS system library 22.
  • This PS system library 22 essentially combines the functionality of the conventional system library and the basic library and offers the same to the user Interface like the system library.
  • An application uses the PS system library 22 instead of the regular system library 14, which still exists, then all internal communication connections - as far as possible - via the SAN high-performance network settled.
  • the programming interface becomes a Application relocated from the system library to the base library (arrow 5b) and there will be equivalent programming environments provided (arrow (5a)), which in turn then access the basic library directly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Communication Control (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
EP01915305A 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren zur steuerung der kommunikation von einzelrechnern in einem rechnerverbund Expired - Lifetime EP1262051B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04002323A EP1424834B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002322A EP1424833B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002324A EP1424835B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10009570A DE10009570A1 (de) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 Verfahren zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
DE10009570 2000-02-29
PCT/EP2001/002257 WO2001065799A1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren zur steuerung der kommunikation von einzelrechnern in einem rechnerverbund

Related Child Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04002324A Division EP1424835B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002322A Division EP1424833B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002323A Division EP1424834B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund

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EP1262051A1 EP1262051A1 (de) 2002-12-04
EP1262051B1 true EP1262051B1 (de) 2004-02-04

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EP04002322A Expired - Lifetime EP1424833B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002323A Expired - Lifetime EP1424834B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP01915305A Expired - Lifetime EP1262051B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren zur steuerung der kommunikation von einzelrechnern in einem rechnerverbund
EP04002324A Expired - Lifetime EP1424835B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund

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EP04002322A Expired - Lifetime EP1424833B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund
EP04002323A Expired - Lifetime EP1424834B1 (de) 2000-02-29 2001-02-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Kommunikation von Einzelrechnern in einem Rechnerverbund

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US (1) US7308509B2 (ja)
EP (4) EP1424833B1 (ja)
JP (2) JP4644410B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100802585B1 (ja)
AT (4) ATE348475T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU4244001A (ja)
DE (5) DE10009570A1 (ja)
DK (1) DK1262051T3 (ja)
ES (3) ES2279236T3 (ja)
WO (1) WO2001065799A1 (ja)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE259131T1 (de) 2004-02-15
ATE348474T1 (de) 2007-01-15
ES2279236T3 (es) 2007-08-16
EP1424834B1 (de) 2006-12-13
ATE348475T1 (de) 2007-01-15
KR100802585B1 (ko) 2008-02-13
DE50101437D1 (de) 2004-03-11
JP2011018383A (ja) 2011-01-27
JP4644410B2 (ja) 2011-03-02
DE50111656D1 (de) 2007-01-25
DK1262051T3 (da) 2004-05-24
EP1424833A2 (de) 2004-06-02
US20030041177A1 (en) 2003-02-27
AU4244001A (en) 2001-09-12
ES2211784T3 (es) 2004-07-16
DE50111657D1 (de) 2007-01-25
EP1262051A1 (de) 2002-12-04
EP1424833A3 (de) 2004-06-09
JP2003526150A (ja) 2003-09-02
EP1424835A2 (de) 2004-06-02
ATE348473T1 (de) 2007-01-15
EP1424833B1 (de) 2006-12-13
DE50111655D1 (de) 2007-01-25
EP1424834A3 (de) 2004-06-09
ES2279237T3 (es) 2007-08-16
DE10009570A1 (de) 2001-08-30
EP1424835B1 (de) 2006-12-13
EP1424834A2 (de) 2004-06-02
US7308509B2 (en) 2007-12-11
KR20030017470A (ko) 2003-03-03
JP4854802B2 (ja) 2012-01-18
EP1424835A3 (de) 2004-06-09
WO2001065799A1 (de) 2001-09-07

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