EP1261792B1 - Transmitting and receiving method, especially for detecting an id transmitter - Google Patents

Transmitting and receiving method, especially for detecting an id transmitter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1261792B1
EP1261792B1 EP01915093A EP01915093A EP1261792B1 EP 1261792 B1 EP1261792 B1 EP 1261792B1 EP 01915093 A EP01915093 A EP 01915093A EP 01915093 A EP01915093 A EP 01915093A EP 1261792 B1 EP1261792 B1 EP 1261792B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitting
receiving device
receiving
further transmitting
transmitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01915093A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1261792A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Marc Bernard Brillon
Klaus Hofbeck
Wolfgang Piesch
Johannes Ilg
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Continental Automotive GmbH
Continental Automotive France SAS
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Continental Automotive GmbH
Continental Automotive France SAS
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Publication of EP1261792A1 publication Critical patent/EP1261792A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00365—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit
    • G07C2009/0038—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit whereby the wake-up circuit is situated in the keyless data carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transmitting and receiving signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and at least one further transmitting and receiving device, in particular for unlocking and / or locking a vehicle and transmitting and receiving devices and an arrangement thereof.
  • Such methods and transmitting and receiving devices are used, for example, in vehicle technology to enable the unlocking of the vehicle or the vehicle doors and / or disabling the anti-theft device in a manner that is as comfortable as possible for an operator.
  • a device for transmitting and receiving signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and a further transmitting and receiving device is known.
  • the first transmitting and receiving device transmits a request signal when detecting the further transmitting and receiving device of this further transmitting and receiving device via the first communication link.
  • a second communication link is established between the first and the further transmitting and receiving device.
  • a mobile transponder sends a signal to a vehicle-side receiver as soon as the transponder has received an excitation signal.
  • the excitation signal that the vehicle-side transmitter sends out is a low-frequency signal and the signal that the mobile transponder transmits a high-frequency signal.
  • a door opening of the vehicle takes place only when the high-frequency signal of the mobile transponder, which is encrypted and includes a vehicle code, has been correctly identified.
  • a message transmission system which minimizes radio interference and manipulation through the use of a relay transmitter.
  • Two transmitting and receiving devices are designed such that the responding transmitting and receiving device scans a plurality of radio channels that registers signal and / or noise levels on the channels. The communication between the two transmitting and receiving devices takes place on one of these channels, wherein the selection of the channel based on the evaluation of the specific signal and / or noise strength.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, a method for transmitting and receiving .Signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and at least one further transmitting and receiving device as well as a transmitting and receiving device and an arrangement therefor, which ensure a high degree of security against unauthorized interference while at the same time as low as possible energy consumption.
  • the second communication path can be configured both bi-directionally and unidirectionally, this route being accessible due to the short time interval also very energy-consuming transmission methods, such as very high frequencies, high amplitudes on the transmitter side or very sensitive, constructed for example by means of amplifier amplifiers, energy-consuming receivers.
  • the structure of the second communication link as LF system, in which the signal transmission takes place essentially by a magnetic inductive coupling. Since a certain area within a radius of 1 to 3 meters, for example, is to be covered by a base station located in a vehicle, in which an ID transmitter is detectable, such systems are very energy-consuming.
  • corresponding antennas for example loop antennas, can be used on the transmitter side in the base station and possibly operated with high powers via power amplifiers.
  • the ID transmitter On the receiver side, in the ID transmitter the. Receiver via a measuring amplifier unit are made more sensitive, so that already in cooperation with normal LF transmitters (without power amplification) enters a range enlargement and in particular by means of the above-described power amplified LF transmitters a higher range can be achieved.
  • magnetic-inductive coupling is not influenced and disturbed by organic matter and reflections. Due to the predetermined time interval in a very small time window disturbances outside of this time window also remain unconsidered, so that substantially increases the interference immunity of the overall system by these measures.
  • an exact range can be set independently of locations and objects or persons in this area, so that overreaching is advantageously achieved and accordingly unwanted tripping effects are avoided.
  • the received power is measured in the further transmitting and receiving device, that is, for example, an ID transmitter by means of a measuring device.
  • the further transmitting and receiving device that is, for example, an ID transmitter by means of a measuring device.
  • various embodiments are conceivable, for example in the form of one or more threshold values, by achieving such actions as displaying this threshold value, storing the threshold value, evaluating a plurality of received threshold values or even the transmission of such measurement results or even evaluations to the at least one first transmitting and receiving device , For example, the base station in a vehicle, are possible.
  • the beginning of the predetermined time interval need not coincide with the time of a correctly received.
  • Request signal coincide, but may also be delayed by a predetermined time interval.
  • a future time of the beginning of the Time interval to integrate as information in the request signal.
  • the duration of the predetermined time interval may be predetermined or adjustable via corresponding electronic devices, for example RF element or corresponding digital counter in the ID transmitter, or may also be included as information in the request signal.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if it is carried out several times with different parameters and corresponding measurement results are determined.
  • the transmission power and / or receiver sensitivity can be changed and / or varied by spatially different transmission ranges, for example by means of a plurality of spatially differently arranged antennas or combined antennas with different radiation angles.
  • the corresponding measurement results can then be transmitted individually to the other transmitting and receiving device or collected in advance and transmitted in a block. It is also conceivable that a further evaluation of these measurement results not only takes place in the at least first transmitting and receiving device, but also takes place before a transmission as a final or intermediate result in the further transmitting and receiving device.
  • field distortions and calibration values of the transmitting and receiving device can also be used for as exact an evaluation of the received field strength values as possible by means of a table which is stored as a datum in an evaluation unit.
  • the first communication path is advantageously as a very low-energy communication link educated. This is the case, for example, with conventional RF systems in the MHz range, for example 433 MHz or 867 MHz, which are advantageously very space-saving and, due to their wide use, very cost-effective to implement.
  • the illustrated base station has a control unit 1, a transmitting unit 3, a receiving unit 5 and an LF transmitter, for example, a ping generator 7.
  • the transmitting unit 3 is in this case also connected to a schematically illustrated antenna 4 as the receiver unit 5 with its antenna 6.
  • the transmitting unit 3 and receiving unit 5 shown here form a combined transmitting and receiving unit, either with a transmitting antenna. 4 and a receiving antenna 6 is connected or a single antenna, which acts both as a transmitting and as a receiving antenna has.
  • the base station has a so-called ping generator 7, which emits via its antenna 8, for example in the form of a loop antenna, a very low-frequency field in the LF range, for example 100 to 300 KHz with predominantly magnetic field component.
  • a so-called ping generator 7 which emits via its antenna 8, for example in the form of a loop antenna, a very low-frequency field in the LF range, for example 100 to 300 KHz with predominantly magnetic field component.
  • the in Fig. 2 ID transmitter shown has, as well as the base station, a control unit 10, a receiver unit 13, a transmitting unit 15, which are each connected to their antennas (receiving antenna 14 and transmitting antenna 16) on.
  • a control unit 10 receives antennas from the base station
  • a receiver unit 13 receives antennas from the base station
  • a transmitting unit 15 which are each connected to their antennas (receiving antenna 14 and transmitting antenna 16) on.
  • an LF receiver 17 in the form of a ping receiver, via its receiving antenna 18 in cooperation with the ping generator 7 and the transmitting antenna 8 of the base station, a magnetically inductive Can generate coupling.
  • bidirectional communication (first communication path) takes place via the transmitter 3, 15 and receiver units 5, 13, for example in the low-energy RF range, where, as in conventional systems, a certain proximity is to be assumed an ID transmitter can be detected.
  • a request signal is sent by the base station upon detection of an ID transmitter by means of the first communication link via this first communication link, which notifies the ID transmitter that at a certain When a signal is transmitted within a short time window over a second communication link.
  • an LF path is selected, which advantageously allows a magnetic inductive coupling, which is subject to the aforementioned disadvantages, such as shielding, reflection and unauthorized interference in less or no extent.
  • the base station switches on its control unit 1, the ping generator 7, which emits the magnetic inductive signal via its loop antenna 8.
  • the ID transmitter for correct reception of such a signal with low transmission power to a measuring amplifier, which in Fig. 2 not shown in detail.
  • this measuring amplifier which may be integrated in the ping receiver 17 or the control unit 10 or may be arranged as a separate unit in the path from the loop antenna 18 to control unit 10, the sensitivity of the ping receiver 17 is increased accordingly to a correct Structure of this magnetic inductive communication path within a desired range, for example, several meters, especially one to three meters to allow.
  • the communication path is interrupted in both the base station and in the ID transmitter by switching off the ping generator 7 as well as the ping receiver 17 and / or the measuring amplifier, not shown.
  • the determined measurement result is then communicated by the ID transmitter via the first communication link, that is to say the transmitter 15, the receiver 5 of the base station and used by the ID transmitter for unlocking the doors and / or deactivating theft protection.
  • a plurality of loop antennas 8 in the vehicle, so that via one or more ping generators 7 connected thereto from different locations of the vehicle, for example left door, right door, rear etc., Send fields and depending on the detected in the ID transmitter reception services, which are either communicated to the base station as a result or collected in advance in the ID transmitter and possibly there already undergone a partial or full evaluation, or in the base station be subjected to such an evaluation, the position of the ID transmitter, so the direction with respect to the base station, can be detected.
  • the described embodiment describes the method according to the invention with reference to a passive access system for a motor vehicle, it is of course also applicable to an active access system, ie the first communication path resulting from the operation of a button or the like in the ID transmitter.
  • the inventive method and an arrangement of the transmitting and receiving devices according to the invention for carrying out such a method is not limited to the vehicle technology, but in many areas such as building services, surveillance technology, counting systems, etc. applicable.
  • the invention can also be used for the secure detection of a transmitting and receiving device for monitoring moving objects, such as persons, where such a moving object is located or how often it passes certain positions (counting systems).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a request signal that is transmitted between a first and an additional transmitting and receiving device by means of a bi-directional first communications path. According to said request signal, a second communications path is established for a predetermined time interval and the receiving power in the additional transmitting and receiving device is measured by means of a measuring device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Senden und Empfangen von Signalen zwischen mindestens einer ersten Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung und mindestens einer weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung, insbesondere zum Ent- und/oder Verriegeln eines Fahrzeugs sowie Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen und eine Anordnung aus solchen hierfür.The invention relates to a method for transmitting and receiving signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and at least one further transmitting and receiving device, in particular for unlocking and / or locking a vehicle and transmitting and receiving devices and an arrangement thereof.

Derartige Verfahren sowie Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen finden beispielsweise in der Fahrzeugtechnik Anwendung, um die Entriegelung des Fahrzeuges bzw. der Fahrzeugtüren und/oder das Deaktivieren der Diebstahlsicherung auf eine für eine Bedienperson möglichst komfortable Weise zu ermöglichen.Such methods and transmitting and receiving devices are used, for example, in vehicle technology to enable the unlocking of the vehicle or the vehicle doors and / or disabling the anti-theft device in a manner that is as comfortable as possible for an operator.

Hierbei werden vermehrt passive Zugangssysteme verwendet, bei denen eine Bedienperson einen ID-Geber mit sich trägt, der im Gegensatz zu aktiven Systemen nicht mittels eines Knopfes oder ähnlichem betätigt werden muss, sondern selbsttätig mit einer im Fahrzeug befindlichen entsprechenden Basisstation kommuniziert, sobald eine bestimmte Entfernung zum Fahrzeug bzw. zur Basisstation unterschritten wird.In this case, increasingly passive access systems are used, in which an operator carries an ID transmitter, which, unlike active systems, does not have to be operated by a button or the like, but automatically communicates with a corresponding base station in the vehicle as soon as a certain distance falls below the vehicle or base station.

Aus der DE 43 29 697 ist ein Gerät zum Senden und Empfangen von Signalen zwischen mindestens einer ersten Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung und einer weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung bekannt. Mittels einer bidirektionalen ersten Kommunikationsstrecke von der ersten Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung wird das Vorhandensein der weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung überwacht. Die erste Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung übermittelt bei der Detektion der weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung dieser weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung über die erste Kommunikationsstrecke ein Anforderungssignal. In Abhängigkeit von diesem Anforderungssignal wird zwischen der ersten und der weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung eine zweite Kommunikationsstrecke aufgebaut.From the DE 43 29 697 a device for transmitting and receiving signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and a further transmitting and receiving device is known. By means of a bidirectional first communication path from the first transmitting and receiving device, the presence of the further transmitting and receiving device is monitored. The first transmitting and receiving device transmits a request signal when detecting the further transmitting and receiving device of this further transmitting and receiving device via the first communication link. In response to this request signal a second communication link is established between the first and the further transmitting and receiving device.

Aus der EP 0 848 123 A2 ist ein Zugangssystem für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt. Ein mobiler Transpoder sendet dabei ein Signal an einen fahrzeugseitigen Emfpänger, sobald der Transponder ein Anregungssignal erhalten hat. Dabei ist das Anregungssingal, das der fahrzeugseitige Transmitter aussendet ein niederfrequentes Signal und das Signal, dass der mobile Transponder aussendet ein hochfrequentes Signal. Eine Türöffnung des Fahrzeugs findet erst dann statt, wenn das hochfrequente Signal des mobilen Transponders, welches verschlüsselt ist und einen Fahrzeugcode beinhaltet, korrekt identifiziert wurde.From the EP 0 848 123 A2 An entry system for motor vehicles is known. A mobile transponder sends a signal to a vehicle-side receiver as soon as the transponder has received an excitation signal. In this case, the excitation signal that the vehicle-side transmitter sends out is a low-frequency signal and the signal that the mobile transponder transmits a high-frequency signal. A door opening of the vehicle takes place only when the high-frequency signal of the mobile transponder, which is encrypted and includes a vehicle code, has been correctly identified.

Aus der WO 99/59284 ist ein System zur Nachrichtenübertragung bekannt, das Funkstörungen und Manipulationen durch die Benutzung eines Relaissenders auf ein Minimum reduziert. Zwei Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen sind dabei derart ausgestaltet, dass die antwortende Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Funkkanälen scannt, die Signal- und/oder Raustärken auf den Kanälen registriert. Die Kommunikation zwischen den beiden Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen erfolgt auf einem dieser Kanäle, wobei die Auswahl des Kanals auf der Auswertung der bestimmten Signal- und/oder Raustärke beruht.From the WO 99/59284 For example, a message transmission system is known which minimizes radio interference and manipulation through the use of a relay transmitter. Two transmitting and receiving devices are designed such that the responding transmitting and receiving device scans a plurality of radio channels that registers signal and / or noise levels on the channels. The communication between the two transmitting and receiving devices takes place on one of these channels, wherein the selection of the channel based on the evaluation of the specific signal and / or noise strength.

Für derartige aktive und insbesondere für passive, elektronische, zumeist funkbasierte Schlüsselsysteme bestehen hohe Anforderungen an Sicherheit gegenüber unberechtigtem Zugang, wobei infolge der zumeist autarken Energiequellen für ID-Geber und/oder Basisstation ein möglichst geringer Energieverbrauch wünschenswert ist, um eine Funktion auch über einen längeren Zeitraum zu gewährleisten.For such active and in particular for passive, electronic, mostly radio-based key systems, there are high demands on security against unauthorized access, as a result of the mostly self-sufficient energy sources for ID transmitter and / or base station the lowest possible energy consumption is desirable to perform a function over a longer Period to ensure.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zum Senden und Empfangen von.Signalen zwischen mindestens einer ersten Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung und mindestens einer weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung sowie eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung und eine Anordnung hierfür zu schaffen, die eine hohe Sicherheit gegenüber unberechtigten Eingriffen bei gleichzeitig möglichst geringem Energieverbrauch gewährleisten.The present invention is therefore based on the object, a method for transmitting and receiving .Signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device and at least one further transmitting and receiving device as well as a transmitting and receiving device and an arrangement therefor, which ensure a high degree of security against unauthorized interference while at the same time as low as possible energy consumption.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 13 und eine Anordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 16 gelöst.This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and a transmitting and receiving device having the features of claim 13 and an arrangement having the features of claim 16.

Durch den Aufbau mindestens einer weiteren Kommunikationsstrecke nur für ein vorbestimmtes Zeitintervall in Abhängigkeit von einem über eine erste Kominunikationsstrecke übertrag genen Anforderungssignal wird ein unerwünschtes Aufzeichnen oder Überwachen der Kommunikationwerschwert, da mit einer derartigen Kommunikation nach dem Stand der Technik nicht zu rechnen ist.By building at least one further communication link only for a predetermined time interval in response to a request signal transmitted over a first communication link, unwanted recording or monitoring of the communication command value is not to be expected since such a prior art communication.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist es nunmehr möglich, eine zweite Kommunikationsstrecke aufzubauen, die zwar im Energieverbrauch höher liegt, aber dafür einen hohen Schutz gegen unberechtigten Zugriff durch direktes oder indirektes Imitieren eines Zugangscodes bietet. Der hohe Energieverbrauch fällt vorteilhafterweise nur während eines vorbestimmten, kurzen, im µs-Bereich liegenden Zeitfensters an, so dass der Gesamtenergieverbrauch durch diesen nur bei einem gültigen Anforderungssignal entstehenden, sehr kurzzeitigen höheren Energieverbrauch nur unmerklich steigt.By means of the method according to the invention, it is now possible to set up a second communication link which, although higher in energy consumption, offers high protection against unauthorized access by directly or indirectly imitating an access code. The high energy consumption advantageously occurs only during a predetermined, short, in the μs range time window, so that the total energy consumption increases only imperceptibly by this, only a valid request signal resulting, very short-term higher energy consumption.

Die zweite Kommunikationsstrecke kann demnach sowohl bi- als auch unidirektional ausgebildet sein, wobei diese Strecke aufgrund des kurzen Zeitintervalls auch sehr energieaufwändigen Übermittlungsverfahren, wie beispielsweise sehr hohen Frequenzen, hohen Amplituden auf Senderseite oder sehr empfindlichen, beispielsweise mittels Messverstärkereinheiten aufgebauten, energieaufwändigen Empfängern zugänglich ist.Accordingly, the second communication path can be configured both bi-directionally and unidirectionally, this route being accessible due to the short time interval also very energy-consuming transmission methods, such as very high frequencies, high amplitudes on the transmitter side or very sensitive, constructed for example by means of amplifier amplifiers, energy-consuming receivers.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Aufbau der zweiten Kommunikationsstrecke als LF-System, bei dem die Signalübertragung im Wesentlichen durch eine magnetisch induktive Kopplung stattfindet. Da von einer in einem Fahrzeug befindlichen Basisstation üblicherweise ein gewisser Bereich beispielsweise im Umkreis von 1 bis 3 Meter abgedeckt werden soll, in dem ein ID-Geber detektierbar ist, sind derartige Systeme sehr energieaufwändig.Particularly advantageous is the structure of the second communication link as LF system, in which the signal transmission takes place essentially by a magnetic inductive coupling. Since a certain area within a radius of 1 to 3 meters, for example, is to be covered by a base station located in a vehicle, in which an ID transmitter is detectable, such systems are very energy-consuming.

Um eine funktionierende Kommunikationsstrecke zumindest unidirektional aufzubauen, können senderseitig in der Basisstation entsprechenden Antennen, beispielsweise Rahmenantennen, verwendet und eventuell über Leistungsverstärker mit hohen leistungen betrieben werden.In order to build up a functioning communication path at least unidirectionally, corresponding antennas, for example loop antennas, can be used on the transmitter side in the base station and possibly operated with high powers via power amplifiers.

Empfangsseitig kann im ID-Geber der. Empfänger über eine Messverstärkereinheit empfindlicher gemacht werden, so dass breits im Zusammenwirken mit normalen LF-Sendern (ohne Leistungsverstärkung) eine Reichweitevergrößerung eintritt und insbesondere mittels vorstehend geschilderten leistungsverstärkten LF-Sendern eine höhere Reichweite erzielt werden kann.On the receiver side, in the ID transmitter the. Receiver via a measuring amplifier unit are made more sensitive, so that already in cooperation with normal LF transmitters (without power amplification) enters a range enlargement and in particular by means of the above-described power amplified LF transmitters a higher range can be achieved.

Vorteilhafterweise wird eine magnetisch induktive Kopplung im Gegensatz zu Systemen (in meist höheren Frequenzbereichen) mit starkem elektrischem Feldanteil nicht durch organische Materie und Reflexionen beeinflusst und gestört. Durch das vorbestimmte Zeitintervall in einem sehr kleinen Zeitfenster bleiben zudem Störungen außerhalb dieses Zeitfensters unberücksichtigt, so dass sich durch diese Maßnahmen die Störsicherheit des Gesamtsystems wesentlich erhöht. Wegen fehlender Abschirmung und Reflexion des überwiegenden magnetischen Feldanteils ist zudem eine genaue Reichweite unabhängig von Örtlichkeiten und Gegenständen oder Personen in diesem Bereich einstellbar, so dass vorteilhafterweise Überreichweiten und entsprechend unerwünschte Auslöseeffekte vermieden werden.Advantageously, in contrast to systems (usually in higher frequency ranges) with a strong electric field component, magnetic-inductive coupling is not influenced and disturbed by organic matter and reflections. Due to the predetermined time interval in a very small time window disturbances outside of this time window also remain unconsidered, so that substantially increases the interference immunity of the overall system by these measures. In addition, because of the lack of shielding and reflection of the predominant magnetic field component, an exact range can be set independently of locations and objects or persons in this area, so that overreaching is advantageously achieved and accordingly unwanted tripping effects are avoided.

Wird die LF-Kommunikationsstrecke in entsprechender Reichweite.durch die Verwendung einer Messverstärkereinheit auf Empfängerseite ermöglicht, so kann zudem senderseitig mit geringerer Leistung gesendet werden und der Energieverbrauch senderseitig vermindert werden, so dass die. Energiequelle im Fahrzeug, beispielsweise die Batterie, weniger belastet wird. Durch eine geringere Senderleistung entsteht zudem eine geringere Strahlenbelastung und somit eine geringere Störeinstrahlung auf andere Komponenten sowie eine Vermeidung etwaiger gesundheitlicher Risiken.If the LF communication distance in the corresponding range. By the use of a measuring amplifier unit on the receiver side, so can be sent on the transmitter side with lower power and the energy consumption transmitter side can be reduced, so that the. Energy source in the vehicle, such as the battery is less burdened. Lower transmitter power also results in lower radiation exposure and thus less interference with other components and avoidance of any health risks.

Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Empfangsleistung in der weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung, also beispielsweise einem ID-Geber mittels einer Messeinrichtung gemessen. Hierfür sind verschiedene Ausführungen denkbar, beispielsweise in Form von einem oder mehreren Schwellwerten, durch deren Erreichen Aktionen wie Anzeige dieses Schwellwerts, Speicherung des Schwellwerts, Auswerten mehrerer empfangener Schwellwerte oder auch die Übermittlung solcher Messergebnisse oder gar Auswertungen an die mindestens eine erste Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung, beispielsweise die Basisstation in einem Fahrzeug, möglich sind.According to the inventive method, the received power is measured in the further transmitting and receiving device, that is, for example, an ID transmitter by means of a measuring device. For this purpose, various embodiments are conceivable, for example in the form of one or more threshold values, by achieving such actions as displaying this threshold value, storing the threshold value, evaluating a plurality of received threshold values or even the transmission of such measurement results or even evaluations to the at least one first transmitting and receiving device , For example, the base station in a vehicle, are possible.

Die entsprechenden Auswertungen und Aktionen in Abhängigkeit hiervon, wie beispielsweise das Ver- oder Entriegeln der Türen, das Aktivieren oder Deaktivieren der Diebstahlsicherung, können demzufolge auch von der Basisstation mittels entsprechender Steuereinheiten vorgenommen werden.The corresponding evaluations and actions in dependence thereon, such as the locking or unlocking of the doors, the activation or deactivation of the anti-theft device, can therefore also be carried out by the base station by means of appropriate control units.

Selbstverständlich muss der Beginn des vorbestimmten Zeitintervalls nicht mit dem Zeitpunkt eines korrekt empfangenen. Anforderungssignals zusammenfallen, sondern kann auch um ein vorbestimmtes Zeitintervall zeitversetzt sein. Hierbei ist es auch denkbar einen zukünftigen Zeitpunkt des Beginns des Zeitintervalls als Information im Anforderungssignal zu integrieren. Die Dauer des vorbestimmten Zeitintervalls kann über entsprechende elektronische Einrichtungen, beispielsweise RF-Glied oder entsprechende digitale Zähler im ID-Geber vorgegeben oder einstellbar sein, oder ebenfalls als Information im Anforderungssignal enthalten sein.Of course, the beginning of the predetermined time interval need not coincide with the time of a correctly received. Request signal coincide, but may also be delayed by a predetermined time interval. Here it is also conceivable a future time of the beginning of the Time interval to integrate as information in the request signal. The duration of the predetermined time interval may be predetermined or adjustable via corresponding electronic devices, for example RF element or corresponding digital counter in the ID transmitter, or may also be included as information in the request signal.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, wenn es mehrmals mit unterschiedlichen Parametern durchgeführt und entsprechende Messergebnisse ermittelt werden. Beispielsweise kann die Sendeleistung und/oder Empfängerempfindlichkeit verändert werden und/oder durch örtlich unterschiedliche Sendebereiche, beispielsweise mittels mehrerer örtlich unterschiedlich angeordneter Antennen oder Kombiantennen mit unterschiedlichen Abstrahlwinkeln variiert werden.The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if it is carried out several times with different parameters and corresponding measurement results are determined. For example, the transmission power and / or receiver sensitivity can be changed and / or varied by spatially different transmission ranges, for example by means of a plurality of spatially differently arranged antennas or combined antennas with different radiation angles.

Die entsprechenden Messergebnisse können dann einzeln der anderen Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung übermittelt werden order vorab gesammelt und in einem Block übermittelt werden. Hierbei ist es auch denkbar, dass eine weiterführende Auswertung dieser Messergebnisse nicht nur in der mindestens ersten Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung stattfindet, sondern auch vor einer Übermittlung als End- oder Zwischenergebnis in der weiteren Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung erfolgt.The corresponding measurement results can then be transmitted individually to the other transmitting and receiving device or collected in advance and transmitted in a block. It is also conceivable that a further evaluation of these measurement results not only takes place in the at least first transmitting and receiving device, but also takes place before a transmission as a final or intermediate result in the further transmitting and receiving device.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können für eine möglichst exakte Auswertung der empfangenen Feldstärkewerte auch Feldverzerrungen und Kalibrierungswerte der Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung mittels einer Tabelle, die beispielsweise als Datum in einer Auswerteeinheit gespeichert ist, herangezogen werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, field distortions and calibration values of the transmitting and receiving device can also be used for as exact an evaluation of the received field strength values as possible by means of a table which is stored as a datum in an evaluation unit.

Im Unterschied zu der zweiten, energieaufwändigen Kommunikationsstrecke, die über eine zuschaltbare Sende- und/oder Empfangseinheit zwischen mindestens zwei Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen aufgebaut wird, ist die erste Kommunikationsstrecke vorteilhafterweise als sehr energiearme Kommunikationsstrecke ausgebildet. Dies ist beispielsweise bei üblichen RF-Systemen im MHz-Bereich, beispielsweise 433 MHz oder 867 MHz der Fall, die vorteilhafterweise sehr platzsparend und aufgrund ihrer breiten Verwendung sehr kostengünstig zu realisieren sind.In contrast to the second, energy-consuming communication link, which is constructed via a switchable transmitting and / or receiving unit between at least two transmitting and receiving devices, the first communication path is advantageously as a very low-energy communication link educated. This is the case, for example, with conventional RF systems in the MHz range, for example 433 MHz or 867 MHz, which are advantageously very space-saving and, due to their wide use, very cost-effective to implement.

zweiter vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.second advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer in einem Kraftfahrzeug befindlichen Basisstation und
Fig. 2
ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines IDGebers.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
a schematic block diagram of a located in a motor vehicle base station and
Fig. 2
a schematic block diagram of an IDGebers.

Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Basisstation weist eine Steuereinheit 1, eine Sendeeinheit 3, eine Empfangseinheit 5 und einen LF-Sender, beispielsweise einen Ping-Generator 7 auf. Die Sendeeinheit 3 ist hierbei ebenso mit einer schematisch dargestellten Antenne 4 verbunden wie die Empfängereinheit 5 mit ihrer Antenne 6. Selbstverständlich ist es denkbar, die hier getrennt dargestellten Sendeeinheit 3 und Empfangseinheit 5 als kombinierte Sende- und Empfangseinheit auszubilden, die entweder mit einer Sendeantenne 4 und einer Empfangsantenne 6 verbunden ist oder eine einzige Antenne, welche sowohl als Sende- wie auch als Empfangsantenne fungiert, aufweist. Als weitere Sendeeinheit weist die Basisstation einen sogenannten Ping-Generator 7 auf, welcher über seine Antenne 8, beispielsweise in Form einer Rahmenantenne, ein sehr niederfrequentes Feld im LF-Bereich, beispielsweise 100 bis 300 KHz mit überwiegend magnetischer Feldkomponente aussendet.In the Fig. 1 illustrated base station has a control unit 1, a transmitting unit 3, a receiving unit 5 and an LF transmitter, for example, a ping generator 7. The transmitting unit 3 is in this case also connected to a schematically illustrated antenna 4 as the receiver unit 5 with its antenna 6. Of course, it is conceivable that the transmitting unit 3 and receiving unit 5 shown here form a combined transmitting and receiving unit, either with a transmitting antenna. 4 and a receiving antenna 6 is connected or a single antenna, which acts both as a transmitting and as a receiving antenna has. As a further transmitting unit, the base station has a so-called ping generator 7, which emits via its antenna 8, for example in the form of a loop antenna, a very low-frequency field in the LF range, for example 100 to 300 KHz with predominantly magnetic field component.

Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte ID-Geber weist ebenso wie die Basisstation eine Steuereinheit 10, eine Empfängereinheit 13, eine Sendeeinheit 15, welche jeweils mit ihren Antennen (Empfangsantenne 14 und Sendeantenne 16) verbunden sind, auf. Im Unterschied zur Basisstation befindet sich im ID-Geber statt eines LF-Senders ein LF-Empfänger 17, in Form eines Ping-Empfängers, der über seine Empfangsantenne 18 in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Ping-Generator 7 und der Sendeantenne 8 der Basisstation eine magnetisch induktive Kopplung erzeugen kann.The in Fig. 2 ID transmitter shown has, as well as the base station, a control unit 10, a receiver unit 13, a transmitting unit 15, which are each connected to their antennas (receiving antenna 14 and transmitting antenna 16) on. In contrast to the base station is located in the ID transmitter instead of an LF transmitter, an LF receiver 17, in the form of a ping receiver, via its receiving antenna 18 in cooperation with the ping generator 7 and the transmitting antenna 8 of the base station, a magnetically inductive Can generate coupling.

Selbstverständlich kann, wie vorstehend für die Basisstation geschildert, statt getrennter Sendeeinheit 15 und Empfangseinheit 13 auch eine kombinierte Sende- und Empfangseinheit mit einer Sende- und Empfangsantenne oder getrennten Sende-und Empfangsantennen 14 und 16 verwendet werden.Of course, as described above for the base station, instead of separate transmitting unit 15 and receiving unit 13, a combined transmitting and receiving unit with a transmitting and receiving antenna or separate transmitting and receiving antennas 14 and 16 are used.

Befindet sich ein ID-Geber im Bereich der Basisstation, so findet über die Sender- 3, 15 und Empfängereinheiten 5, 13 eine bidirektionale Kommunikation (erste Kommunikationsstrecke) statt, beispielsweise im energiearmen RF-Bereich, wobei wie bei herkömmlichen Systemen eine anzunehmende gewisse Nähe eines ID-Gebers detektiert werden kann.If an ID transmitter is located in the area of the base station, bidirectional communication (first communication path) takes place via the transmitter 3, 15 and receiver units 5, 13, for example in the low-energy RF range, where, as in conventional systems, a certain proximity is to be assumed an ID transmitter can be detected.

Im Unterschied zu dieser aufgrund von Überreichweiten, Reflexionen, Abschirmungen oder gar unberechtigten Zugangseingriffen relativ unsicheren Aussage erfolgt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Detektion und in Abhängigkeit hiervon eine entsprechende Aktion, wie Verriegeln/Entriegeln der Türen, Aktivieren/Deaktivieren der Diebstahlsicherung erst, wenn ein weiteres Ergebnis erfolgreich übermittelt und entsprechend ausgewertet wurde.In contrast to this, due to overreach, reflections, shielding or even unauthorized access operations relatively uncertain statement takes place in the inventive method, the detection and depending on a corresponding action, such as locking / unlocking the doors, enable / disable the anti-theft device until another Result was successfully transmitted and evaluated accordingly.

Hierzu wird von der Basisstation bei einem Detektieren eines ID-Gebers mittels der ersten Kommunikationsstrecke über diese erste Kommunikationsstrecke ein Anforderungssignal ausgesandt, welches dem ID-Geber mitteilt, dass zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt ein Signal innerhalb eines kurzen Zeitfensters über eine zweite Kommunikationsstrecke übermittelt wird.For this purpose, a request signal is sent by the base station upon detection of an ID transmitter by means of the first communication link via this first communication link, which notifies the ID transmitter that at a certain When a signal is transmitted within a short time window over a second communication link.

Als Kommunikationsstrecke wird hierbei eine LF-Strecke gewählt, die vorteilhafterweise eine magnetisch induktive Kopplung zulässt, welche den vorgenannten Nachteilen, wie Abschirmung, Reflexion und unberechtigte Eingriffe in geringerem oder keinem Maße unterliegt.As a communication link in this case an LF path is selected, which advantageously allows a magnetic inductive coupling, which is subject to the aforementioned disadvantages, such as shielding, reflection and unauthorized interference in less or no extent.

In der einfachsten Ausführung befindet sich, wie dargestellt, in der Basisstation nur ein Ping-Generator 7 und im ID-Geber nur ein Ping-Empfänger 17, so dass diese weitere Kommunikationsstrecke nur unidirektionaler Natur ist. Zum mitgeteilten Zeitpunkt schaltet die Basisstation über ihre Steuereinheit 1 den Ping-Generator 7 ein, der über seine Rahmenantenne 8 das magnetisch induktive Signal ausstrahlt.In the simplest embodiment, as shown, there is only one ping generator 7 in the base station and only one ping receiver 17 in the ID transmitter, so that this further communication path is only of a unidirectional nature. At the time notified, the base station switches on its control unit 1, the ping generator 7, which emits the magnetic inductive signal via its loop antenna 8.

Weiterhin wird im ID-Geber mittels der Steuereinheit 10 zum mitgeteilten Zeitpunkt ebenfalls für ein kurzes, vorteilhafterweise im Wesentlichen zeitgleiches Zeitintervall der Ping-Empfänger 17 eingeschaltet, der das vom Ping-Generator 7 der Basisstation ausgesandte Signal mittels seiner Antenne 18 empfängt.Furthermore, the ping receiver 17, which receives the signal emitted by the ping generator 7 of the base station by means of its antenna 18, is also switched on in the ID transmitter by means of the control unit 10 at the time notified for a short, advantageously essentially simultaneous time interval.

Um die Sendeleistung des Ping-Generators der Basisstation möglichst gering zu halten, so dass vorteilhafterweise geringe Störeinstrahlung auf andere Komponenten erfolgt und kostengünstige Bauteile verwendet werden können, weist der ID-Geber zum korrekten Empfang eines derartigen Signals mit geringer Sendeleistung einen Messverstärker auf, welcher in Fig. 2 nicht näher dargestellt ist.In order to keep the transmission power of the ping generator of the base station as low as possible, so that advantageously low interference on other components and inexpensive components can be used, the ID transmitter for correct reception of such a signal with low transmission power to a measuring amplifier, which in Fig. 2 not shown in detail.

Durch diesen Messverstärker, welcher im Ping-Empfänger 17 oder der Steuereinheit 10 integriert sein kann oder als eigene Baueinheit in der Strecke von Rahmenantenne 18 bis Steuereinheit 10 angeordnet sein kann, wird die Empfindlichkeit des Ping-Empfängers 17 entsprechend erhöht, um einen korrekten Aufbau dieser magnetisch induktiven Kommunikationsstrecke innerhalb eines gewünschten Bereiches, beispielsweise mehrere Meter, insbesondere ein bis drei Meter, zu ermöglichen.By this measuring amplifier, which may be integrated in the ping receiver 17 or the control unit 10 or may be arranged as a separate unit in the path from the loop antenna 18 to control unit 10, the sensitivity of the ping receiver 17 is increased accordingly to a correct Structure of this magnetic inductive communication path within a desired range, for example, several meters, especially one to three meters to allow.

Im ID-Geber wird dabei die Empfangsleistung mittels einer nicht näher dargestellten Messeinheit, beispielsweise in Form eines oder unterschiedlicher erreichbarer Schwellwerte, ermittelt. Am Ende des Zeitintervalls wird sowohl in der Basisstation als auch im ID-Geber die Kommunikationsstrecke durch Abschalten des Ping-Generators 7 als auch des Ping-Empfängers 17 und/oder des nicht dargestellten Messverstärkers unterbrochen.In the ID transmitter while the reception power is determined by means of a measuring unit, not shown, for example in the form of one or different achievable thresholds. At the end of the time interval, the communication path is interrupted in both the base station and in the ID transmitter by switching off the ping generator 7 as well as the ping receiver 17 and / or the measuring amplifier, not shown.

Das ermittelte Messergebnis wird dann vom ID-Geber über die erste Kommunikationsstrecke, also den Sender 15, dem Empfänger 5 der Basisstation mitgeteilt und von dieser bei korrektem Empfang zur Entriegelung der Türen und/oder Deaktivierung der Diebstahlssicherung verwendet.The determined measurement result is then communicated by the ID transmitter via the first communication link, that is to say the transmitter 15, the receiver 5 of the base station and used by the ID transmitter for unlocking the doors and / or deactivating theft protection.

Umgekehrt ist es denkbar, gegenteilige Aktionen, also Verriegelung der Türen und Aktivierung der Diebstahlssicherung entweder bereits bei einem Schließen der Türen oder erst bei einem fehlgeschlagenen Versuch der zweiten Kommunikationsstrecke ausführen zu lassen.Conversely, it is conceivable opposite actions, ie locking the doors and activation of theft protection either already at a closing of the doors or execute only in a failed attempt the second communication link.

Die Möglichkeiten des Systems lassen sich weiter erhöhen, wenn die genannten Schritte "Anforderungssignal", "Aussenden eines Signals über mindestens eine weitere Kommunikationsstrecke" und "Messen der Empfangsleistung" mehrmals erfolgen, da sich so beispielsweise über ein und dieselbe Antenne 8 anhand unterschiedlicher Ergebnisse die Geschwindigkeit einer Annäherung ermitteln lässt.The possibilities of the system can be further increased if the said steps "request signal", "emitting a signal via at least one other communication link" and "measuring the received power" repeatedly, as so for example via one and the same antenna 8 based on different results Speed of approximation.

Weiterhin ist es denkbar, im Fahrzeug mehrere Rahmenantennen 8 anzubringen, so dass über einen oder mehrere hiermit verbundene Ping-Generatoren 7 von unterschiedlichen Orten des Fahrzeugs aus, beispielsweise linke Tür, rechte Tür, Heck usw., Sendefelder ausgesandt werden und in Abhängigkeit der im ID-Geber festgestellten Empfangsleistungen, welche als Ergebnis entweder einzeln der Basisstation mitgeteilt werden oder vorab im ID-Geber gesammelt werden und eventuell dort bereits einer Teil- oder Vollauswertung unterzogen werden, oder in der Basisstation einer derartigen Auswertung unterzogen werden, die Lage des ID-Gebers, also die Richtung bzgl. der Basisstation, detektiert werden kann.Furthermore, it is conceivable to mount a plurality of loop antennas 8 in the vehicle, so that via one or more ping generators 7 connected thereto from different locations of the vehicle, for example left door, right door, rear etc., Send fields and depending on the detected in the ID transmitter reception services, which are either communicated to the base station as a result or collected in advance in the ID transmitter and possibly there already undergone a partial or full evaluation, or in the base station be subjected to such an evaluation, the position of the ID transmitter, so the direction with respect to the base station, can be detected.

Hierdurch werden nicht nur tote Winkel vermieden, sondern auch in Abhängigkeit der Richtung und/oder der vorgenannten Geschwindigkeit einer Annäherung unterschiedliche Aktionen wie beispielsweise Entriegeln der linken Tür bei Annäherung von links, Entriegeln der rechten Tür bei Annäherung von rechts, Entriegeln der Heckklappe oder des Kofferraums bei Annäherung von hinten usw., ermöglicht.As a result, not only blind spots are avoided, but also depending on the direction and / or the aforementioned speed of approach different actions such as unlocking the left door when approaching from the left, unlocking the right door when approaching from the right, unlocking the tailgate or trunk when approaching from behind, etc., allows.

Obwohl das geschilderte Ausführungsbeispiel das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand eines passiven Zugangssystems für ein Kraftfahrzeug schildert, ist dieses selbstverständlich auch auf ein aktives Zugangssystem, also Zustandekommen der ersten Kommunikationsstrecke aufgrund Betätigung eines Knopfes oder ähnlichem im ID-Geber, anwendbar. Weiterhin ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie eine Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Sende- und Empfangseinrichtungen zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens nicht auf die Fahrzeugtechnik beschränkt, sondern in vielen Bereichen wie Haustechnik, Überwachungstechnik, Zählsysteme usw.anwendbar.Although the described embodiment describes the method according to the invention with reference to a passive access system for a motor vehicle, it is of course also applicable to an active access system, ie the first communication path resulting from the operation of a button or the like in the ID transmitter. Furthermore, the inventive method and an arrangement of the transmitting and receiving devices according to the invention for carrying out such a method is not limited to the vehicle technology, but in many areas such as building services, surveillance technology, counting systems, etc. applicable.

Beispielsweise sind derartige Zugangskontrollen auch für Haustüren, Garagentore usw. vorstellbar. Andererseits kann die Erfindung statt für eine Zugangskontrolle auch zum sicheren Detektieren einer Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung für eine Überwachung von beweglichen Objekten, wie beispielsweise Personen, wo sich ein solches bewegliches Objekt befindet, oder wie oft es bestimmte Positionen passiert (Zählsysteme), verwendet werden.For example, such access controls are also conceivable for front doors, garage doors, etc. On the other hand, instead of an access control, the invention can also be used for the secure detection of a transmitting and receiving device for monitoring moving objects, such as persons, where such a moving object is located or how often it passes certain positions (counting systems).

Claims (16)

  1. Method for transmitting and receiving signals between at least one first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5) and at least one further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13), in particular for unlocking and/or locking a vehicle,
    a) with the presence of the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) being monitored by the first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5) by means of a bidirectional first communication path,
    b) the first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5) transmitting a request signal via the first communication path on detection of the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) of this further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13),
    c) a second communication path being set up for a predetermined time interval between the first (3, 5) and the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) as a function of this request signal, and
    d) the reception power level in the further transmitting and receiving devices (15, 13) being measured by means of a measurement device.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the measurement result is transmitted via the first communication path to the first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5).
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5) or the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) evaluates the measurement result by means of an evaluation unit.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second communication paths use different frequency bands.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a measurement amplifier unit is connected in the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) for setting up the second communication paths.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the start and duration of the predetermined time interval are derived from the information content of the request signal.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second communication path uses the LF band.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second communication path is unidirectional.
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to identify the position of the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13), steps a) to d) are repeated a number of times using a different transmission power and/or physically different transmission areas.
  10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that the measurement results are evaluated in the first transmitting and receiving device (5, 3) by means of an evaluation unit.
  11. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the evaluation unit evaluates the measurement results for detection of the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) by means of a fixed table.
  12. Transmitting and receiving device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims having a first transmitting and a first receiving unit (5, 3) for a first communication path with at least one further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13), characterized in that the transmitting and receiving device has at least one further transmitting and/or receiving unit (7, 17) which can be switched on and off between which a second communication path can be set up for a predetermined time interval as a function of a request signal and has a measurement device in order to measure the reception power of a further transmitting and receiving device.
  13. Transmitting and receiving device according to Claim 12, characterized in that the first transmitting unit (5) and the first receiving unit (3) are in the form of a RF transmitter and RF receiver.
  14. Transmitting and receiving device according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the further transmitting or receiving unit (15, 13) is in the form of an LF transmitter (7) or LF receiver (17).
  15. Arrangement comprising at least one first (3, 5) and at least one further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) according to one of Claims 12 to 14.
  16. Arrangement according to Claim 15, characterized in that the first transmitting and receiving device (3, 5) has an LF transmitter (7) as the further transmitting and/or receiving unit, and the further transmitting and receiving device (15, 13) has an LF receiver (17) as a further transmitting and/or receiving unit.
EP01915093A 2000-03-09 2001-03-07 Transmitting and receiving method, especially for detecting an id transmitter Expired - Lifetime EP1261792B1 (en)

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DE10011509 2000-03-09
PCT/DE2001/000870 WO2001066886A1 (en) 2000-03-09 2001-03-07 Transmitting and receiving method, especially for detecting an id transmitter

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EP1261792A1 (en) 2002-12-04
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WO2001066886A1 (en) 2001-09-13
US7023321B2 (en) 2006-04-04

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