EP0215291B1 - Electronic locking device for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Electronic locking device for motor vehicles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0215291B1
EP0215291B1 EP86111113A EP86111113A EP0215291B1 EP 0215291 B1 EP0215291 B1 EP 0215291B1 EP 86111113 A EP86111113 A EP 86111113A EP 86111113 A EP86111113 A EP 86111113A EP 0215291 B1 EP0215291 B1 EP 0215291B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lock
key
code
number sequence
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86111113A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0215291A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Dipl.-Ing. Van Den Boom
Karl-Heinz Stellberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19853532156 external-priority patent/DE3532156A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19863616197 external-priority patent/DE3616197A1/en
Application filed by Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huelsbeck and Fuerst GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0215291A1 publication Critical patent/EP0215291A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0215291B1 publication Critical patent/EP0215291B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00182Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00238Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmittted data signal containing a code which is changed
    • G07C2009/00253Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmittted data signal containing a code which is changed dynamically, e.g. variable code - rolling code
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00785Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/06Involving synchronization or resynchronization between transmitter and receiver; reordering of codes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a fail-safe locking device of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, which is break-proof but nevertheless inexpensive to manufacture and space-saving to set up, taking into account synchronization between the key and the lock.
  • sequence of numbers in the memory need not increase or decrease in the arithmetic sense, but also has to be arranged in a discontinuous manner.
  • the sequence of numbers only needs to be clearly defined in the key and lock. You could also build up the sequence generator from a counter that increments incrementally by a constant or alternating amount in the ascending or descending sense. In this case, the same sequence of numbers can be used for all key-lock pairs, because they already differ sufficiently in the algorithm and the code.
  • the control pulses exerted on the motor vehicle with the locking device according to the invention are effective in most actuating means in the manner of a flip-flop function.
  • the door of the motor vehicle is secured when the code is first successfully compared and the door is unlocked in a second successful code comparison.
  • the secondary key used can also be used to perform various secondary functions in the motor vehicle, such as Adjustment means for regulating the rear-view mirror, the inside mirror and the seating position. These settings can be tailored to the person who owns the key.
  • a particularly high level of security against burglary is achieved by the measures according to claim 10. If, after each actuation, the previous numbers in the sequence of numbers are excluded from the catch range, signal resolution by an unauthorized person at the time the lock is operated with the correct key is even useless. The catch range excludes this count.
  • the electronic locking device consists of a key-like part 10 and a lock-like part 20, which are hereinafter referred to as "keys” and "lock".
  • This locking device should also include keys 10, 10 'and 10 "which are distinguishable from one another but belong to the same lock 20. Because these keys have a structure which is essentially identical to one another, only the first key 10 is shown in more detail in this regard other keys 10 ', 10 "basically contain the same components.
  • the key 10 comprises a very precisely timed oscillator 11 which constantly acts on a clock generator 12 and sets it in a predetermined time sequence of approximately 10 seconds to a counting clock in a number sequence generator 13 connected to it.
  • This encoder can consist of a memory, in which a certain number sequence of larger size is recorded and counted in numbers.
  • the encoder 13 can consist of a counter which calculates the individual numbers itself and, by means of a sufficiently large number of digits, comprises a powerful body of numbers which, in the case of cyclical circulation, only after a sufficiently large period, e.g. a year, repeats itself.
  • the clock 12 can between two counting clocks, e.g. at intervals of 10 seconds, deliver a certain number of basic clocks, which are delivered in a sequence of seconds, for example.
  • the number of basic clocks which can be identified by digits of a number, as specified in claim 4, can be used for an intermediate synchronization, as mentioned in claim 3.
  • the current count of the encoder 13 is sent to a first input 14 of a computer 15 and there is always subjected to the same algorithm in the simplest case.
  • the computer 15 also has a second input 16, to which a memory 17 is connected, which in the simplest case contains only a single fixed value. This fixed value is used to characterize the associated key and lock pair 10, 20 or 10 ', 20 or 10 ", 20 and is therefore intended as a" key figure "for this pair res.
  • the constant characteristic number 17 is included in the algorithm of the computer 15 together with the time-varying count 13, where they are linked to one another in a specific manner, which could also be individual for each locking system, to form an output signal which, owing to the composition of the counter reading and the key figure hereinafter referred to as "combination code signal".
  • a transmitter 18 is connected to the output 19 and transmits this signal to the corresponding receiver 28 of the associated lock 20 by electromagnetic radiation 30 - as indicated in the drawing - for example by infrared. It is understood that the signal 30 could also be transmitted in any other way via any medium, for example by direct electrical contact, in an electromagnetic manner by radio or by sound.
  • the key includes other components.
  • the output of the signal 30 can thus be triggered via the indicated key 31 of an actuator 32, which is connected via three lines to various components, to be described in more detail, one of which is the computer 15 mentioned, the effectiveness of which therefore only begins when the key 31 is pressed .
  • the oscillator 11, and thus the clock generator 12 and the numerical sequence generator 13 continue to work completely independently of the actuation of the key 31 and thereby cause a constantly changing "counting state" at the computer input 14 within the key.
  • a further line of the actuator 32 is connected to the transmitter 33 of a further initialization code which, as can be seen from the drawing by the line 34, does not need to be subjected to the algorithm of the counter 15, but goes uncovered to the transmitter 18 and there as a preliminary signal, designated 30 "'in the drawing, passes to the receiver 28 of the lock 20.
  • the initialization code of this advance signal 30"' is in turn composed of three variables which are recognized and activated in a decomposer 29 connected downstream of the receiver 28 of the lock 20 the components to be described there can be passed on.
  • This initialization code of 33 is composed in the invention first of all of a response code which characterizes the associated key-lock pair 10, 20 and defines the electrical functions to be described in more detail in the lock 20 without, of course, the control movements of the various actuating means there to execute already. The latter are only carried out when the comparative work to be described in more detail has been successfully carried out in castle 20. This activation of the lock 20 justifies that part of the initialization code, as it happened, to be referred to as the "response code".
  • the initialization code includes, as a further variable, an order number characterizing the relevant key 10, which clearly distinguishes it from the associated but different key 10 ', 10 ".
  • the key 10 should, for example, have the order number" I ", as can be seen in the drawing This partial code may therefore be referred to as the "number code" of the relevant key 10, 10 'or 10 ".
  • this signal goes via line 35 to a discriminator 36 located in the lock 20, which clearly determines which of the keys 10, 10 ', 10 "should take effect, which is why it uses the line 50 indicated by the dashed line in the drawing to determine the key sets a number sequence transmitter 23, 23 'or 23 "uniquely assigned to the relevant key by closing one of the switches 37, 37', 37" shown in relation to a lock-side computer 25.
  • a discriminator 36 located in the lock 20
  • its own oscillator 21 which is effective at the same time, is connected to its own clock generator 22, which specifies a clock cycle that is exactly synchronous with the key 10, and which, based on the line distribution 38, continuously determines the current count in these numerical sequence transmitters 23 to 23 ".
  • the assignment of these lock-side number sequence transmitters 23 to 23 "to the three keys 10 to 10" shown is illustrated by using the same key order numbers I, 11, 111.
  • the lock 20 also includes a read-only memory 27, which here contains the exact same "code number” of the key, which is why the same values are sent to the computer 25 via the two inputs 24, 26 provided here in an analogous manner as with key 10, namely the time-dependent "count” on the one hand and the fixed "key figure” on the other.
  • the same combination code signal appears at the output 39 of the computer 25 and reaches a comparison element 40, the other signal feed line 41 of which is supplied by a memory 42, in which the combination code signal 30 received by the receiver 28 and coming from the key 10 is received is and is available for further use in the comparator 40.
  • the third component of the above-mentioned initialization code consists of a size which can best be referred to as "control code”, in which encrypted specific control functions of the lock 20 are contained, which are assigned to the relevant key 10 should.
  • control code in which encrypted specific control functions of the lock 20 are contained, which are assigned to the relevant key 10 should.
  • These specific control functions of the key 10 distinguish it from keys 10 ', 10 "which are at least partially different or which perform different lock functions in terms of size Meaning of a master key or a hub key.
  • the secondary key of a motor vehicle can only unlock the door, but the master key can also perform additional special functions on the motor vehicle, such as unlocking the glove compartment or the trunk.
  • Another important possibility for different control functions of the key is a so-called “memory” function which significantly increases the ease of use of the motor vehicle, which makes it possible, for example, to automatically adjust the associated owner of this key 10 or 10 'or 10 " Seating positions or the rear view mirror in the motor vehicle.
  • control code on which the unveiled initialization code is based does not immediately execute the corresponding actuating movements in the motor vehicle with this unveiled advance signal 30 '", but rather only informs a sequencer 43 connected downstream of the comparator 40 which specific control functions upon subsequent successful interaction of the key 10 with the lock 20 are to be made.
  • the control movement already determined but still reliably inhibited by the aforementioned initialization signal is released and causes, as indicated in the drawing, an actuating movement 44 of the bolt 45 of a door lock 46 and / or actuates another actuating means 47 that performs special functions, for example the aforementioned adjustment of the seating position.
  • the locking device according to the invention is also effective when the count in the two-sided number sequences of keys 10 and lock 20 differs from one another by a few numbers.
  • An unsuccessful comparison which is communicated to the sequence control 43 via the comparison element 40, in fact activates a repetition element 57, which acts again via the line 58 on the number-sequence transmitter 23, 23 ', 23 "which is switched on at the time.
  • the count of this encoder is provided by the repetition element 57, which takes the immediately preceding and subsequent numbers from the sequence of numbers there and evaluates them again in the computer 25 and finally compares them with the received key-side combination code signal contained in the memory 42 at 40.
  • the sequence controller 43 will emit the corresponding control signal to the actuating means 46, 47.
  • the repeater 57 is limited Of course, the scanning of the number sequence, starting from the actual count, only by one or two numbers in the previous or following sense. This area covered by the repeating element 57 is to be referred to as the “catch area” and is finally explained in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. If the comparator 40 does not find a match, the sequence control 43 remains blocked and an alarm can be triggered which reports the unsuccessful breaking of the lock 20.
  • the invention provides a particularly simple possibility, which comprises an additional mechanical locking system 60, consisting of a mechanical key 61 and a mechanically matching key receptacle 62, which here is part of the motor vehicle lock 20. The following takes place:
  • the lock-side memory 42 After successful completion of the signal 30 "'which transmits the initialization code and which confirms the relationship of the key 10 used with the lock 20, the lock-side memory 42 receives the subsequent combination code signal 30. It is now within a certain defined time after receipt of the signal 30 or 30 "'of the mechanical key 61 in its receptacle 62, a switch 64 is closed to a decoding element 65 via the indicated control line 63, which can determine the current counter reading in the key-side transmitter 13 therefrom.
  • the deciphering element 65 is known both the “code number” contained in the read-only memory 27 and the individual numbers in the “sequence of numbers”.
  • the initialization code signal 30 "' also addresses the discriminator 36, which then knows which of the available keys 10, 10' or 10" wants to interact with the lock 20, which in connection with the above with the actuating line 50 and its switches 37, 37 ', 37 ".
  • the discriminator 36 now uses a further actuating line 66 switches 67, 67 ', 67 "belonging to the associated transmitter 23, 23', 23" are closed in order to supply the result of the decoding in the link 65 via the line 68 to the corresponding correct transmitter of the relevant key and this in accordance with the key-side number sequence -Giver 13. Then the relevant key 10 and the lock 20 are precisely coordinated with the transmitter 23 assigned to them The corresponding setting is then to be carried out analogously with regard to the further transmitters 23 ', 23 "with the two other keys 10', 10".
  • the lock 20 can result in a deviation of the count in the two-sided number transmitters due to the summation of gear differences in the two oscillators 11, 21 or due to other errors 13, 23.
  • Z x is a number in this sequence of numbers
  • N is a specific starting number
  • n is the increase in value between two adjacent numbers
  • x is the order number of the relevant number Z x in the specified sequence of numbers.
  • Z can be a six-digit number
  • N can be 13, for example
  • n can be 27.
  • FIG. 2 shows the situation of the locking device according to the invention at a certain point in time after, as already mentioned above, the current key 10 has not operated the lock 20 for a long time, for example several weeks.
  • the count in the lock 20 at the associated transmitter 23 should be marked by the position of the arrow 70.
  • the encoder 23 there thus gives the number "N" of this sequence of numbers to its computer 25 in the manner already described.
  • the position of the count in the transmitter 13 of the key 10 is said to be in arrears and is at that point in the position of the identical sequence of numbers Z x produced by the arrow 71.
  • the deviation of the count should go over three numerical values of this sequence of numbers Z x , which corresponds to the time difference 69 shown in FIG.
  • the encoder 23 of the lock 20 is thus in the sequence of numbers at the number N, while the key 10 belonging donors 13 are only at the number (N - 3n).
  • the comparison work determined in the comparison element 40 between the code signal 30 originating from the key 10 and the code value determined by the computer 25 on the key side must of course fail.
  • the repeating element 57 in the lock 20 is effective, which, starting from the current count N in the lock 20, also detects the adjacent numbers of the predetermined number sequence Z x, that is to say the neighboring values N + n which deviate up and down from N; N + 2n; etc..
  • the numerical values of a specific area 73 around the current count N are recorded in the key 10. For the reason that can be seen below, this area is to be briefly referred to as “catch area 73”. Since there can be a deviation 69 between the two-sided counts 70, 71 upwards and downwards, the catch area 73 in this case, as illustrated in FIG. 2, extends from the current count N of the lock 20 to one expediently equally upwards and the lower limit positive limit value 74 and negative limit value 75. Of course, these limit values 74, 75 can also be asymmetrical to the current count N if a certain tendency with regard to an acceleration or deceleration of the count 71 at the key 10 is to be expected.
  • the catch area 73 extends by the period 76 in the future and a period 77 in the past. Initiated by the repetition element 57, the computer 25 successively determines code values for the neighboring numbers of the catch area 73 in the lock and transfers them to the comparison element 40 for evaluation. If in the present exemplary embodiment the number (N-3n) in the lock 20 is finally used for code calculation during this process, there is a correspondence with the code signal 30 transmitted by the key 10 and the comparison element 40 in the lock 20 can consequently work successfully and the associated closing movements Execute 44 in the associated actuating means 46, 47. A number outside the catch area 73 is not permitted for code value formation in the lock 20.
  • the time difference 69 of the counts between the key 10 and the lock 20 can easily be remedied by the prevailing count 70 in the lock 20 this amount is reset to the count (N-3n), which is identical to that of the key 10. This eliminates the source of the error.
  • the further counts 70, 71 in the lock 20 and key 10 are then precisely coordinated with each other.
  • the person operating the key 10 has not noticed anything about this mode of operation of the lock 20.
  • the lock 20 works automatically in the catch area 73 determined by the repeater 57.
  • FIG. 3 which refers to the situation at a somewhat later point in time compared to FIG. 2, the position 70 'of the count in the lock 20 in the sequence of numbers Z x should change to the subsequent value N' which is likely to differ somewhat from FIG. have changed.
  • the repeater link 57 in the lock 20 is informed of the successful comparison work of the link 40 and has now reduced the catch area to the minimum size 73 'shown in FIG. 3.
  • the minimum capture range 73' is asymmetrical. Only a small future-oriented period 76 'is integrated into the minimal catch area 73', while an axis pointing to the past, as represented by the period 77 in the catch area 73, has been completely omitted here.
  • the upper limit 74 'of the catch range only goes one number up to the value (N' + n).
  • the lower limit coincides with the current count 70 '.
  • the lower limit 75 'of this minimum capture range 73' is determined by the current count N 'of the transmitter 23 in the lock 20, which is why this effective point is encircled on the time axis in FIG.
  • the prevailing conditions in FIG. 3 in the locking device according to the invention only change when a longer rest period has elapsed, within which the key 10 has no longer been effective with respect to the lock 20. Then a path difference between the transmitters 13 and 23 on both sides is to be expected again, which is why the catch range should then also be understandably expanded.
  • This is also expediently carried out step by step, starting from the minimum catch area 73 ', in the course of the persistent rest period, more and more past and future numbers of the number sequence Z x , starting from the current count N, are included in the catch area.
  • the catch area 73 of FIG. 2 is again available. It is possible to provide extreme limits 74, 75 for this expansion of the catch area 73 as a result of the increasing rest period, beyond which the catch area should no longer expand.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schließeinrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a locking device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Bei der bekannten Schließeinrichtung (EP-A-00 98 437) werden Zufallsgeneratoren als Zahlengeber im elektrischen Schlüssel und Schloß verwendet, die völlig willkürlich eine Schar von Zahlen generieren, welche in einem nachfolgenden Rechner nach einem bestimmten Algorithmus verarbeitet werden. Schlüssel und Schloß arbeiten hier nach einem Dialogsystem mit ständig wechselndem Sender und Empfänger, um die Zufallszahlen und die Ergebnisse aufeinanderfolgender Arbeitszyklen einander zu übertragen, wo sie abwechselnd, einmal schloßseitig und einmal schlüsselseitig, miteinander verglichen werden, bis schließlich nach erfolgreichem Vergleich aller schlüssel- und schloßseitig ermittelten Werte ein Steuerimpuls vom Schloß ausgeht, der die Stellmittel im Kraftfahrzeug betätigt. Diese Schließeinrichtung ist zwar außerordentlich einbruchssicher, aber auch aufwendig hinsichtlich der Bauteile und ihres Arbeitsprogramms.In the known locking device (EP-A-00 98 437), random generators are used as numbers in the electrical key and lock, which generate a group of numbers which are processed in a subsequent computer according to a specific algorithm. Key and lock work here according to a dialog system with constantly changing transmitter and receiver, in order to transfer the random numbers and the results of successive working cycles to each other, where they are compared alternately, once on the lock side and once on the key side, until finally after successful comparison of all key and values determined on the lock side emits a control pulse from the lock which actuates the actuating means in the motor vehicle. Although this locking device is extremely burglar-proof, it is also complex with regard to the components and their work program.

Bei einer Kompaktanlage, die nicht in einen elektronischen Schlüssel und ein Schloß aufteilbar ist (EP-PS 00 42 886), wird der aktuelle Stand eines Zeitgebers mit der feststehenden Geheimzahl eines Festwertspeichers zu einem Kombinationscode addiert und einem Vergleichsglied zugeführt, doch für den Vergleich ist die geistige Tätigkeit der Bedienungsperson erforderlich. Die Bedienungsperson muß die ihr bekannte Geheimzahl mit dem abgelesenen Zeitstand aufsummieren und über eine Tastatur eingeben. Rechenfehler und Fehlbedienungen sind zu befürchten. Bei dieser als Zahlenkombinations-Schloß eines Koffers dienenden Anlage ist eine Fernbedienung mit der Tastatur nicht sinnvoll, weil der unverschleiert übertragene Kombinationscode durch Unbefugte leicht aufgenommen und dechiffriert werden kann. Bei einer Hotel-Schließanlage (US-PS 42 13 118) wird eine Schlüsselkarte mit zwei getrennten Code-Feldern verwendet, die mit einem mit Code-Speichern ausgerüsteten Kartenleser im Schloß zusammenwirken. Ein erfolgreicher Code-Vergleich soll bereits dann eintreten, wenn nur ein Feld übereinstimmt, weil damit der Speicher des Kartenlesers im Schloß für den nächsten Hotelgast programmiert werden soll. Dies bringt eine Verringerung der Aufbruchsicherheit. Oszillatoren und eine Synchronisation spielen dabei keine Rolle.In the case of a compact system which cannot be divided into an electronic key and a lock (EP-PS 00 42 886), the current status of a timer with the fixed secret number of a read-only memory is added to a combination code and fed to a comparison element, but is for comparison the mental activity of the operator is required. The operator must sum up the known secret number with the current reading and enter it via a keyboard. Calculation errors and incorrect operation are to be feared. In this system, which serves as a combination lock for a suitcase, remote control using the keyboard is not sensible because the unveiled combination code can be easily recorded and decrypted by unauthorized persons. In a hotel locking system (US-PS 42 13 118) a key card with two separate code fields is used, which cooperate with a card reader equipped with code memories in the lock. A successful code comparison should already occur if only one field matches, because this is to be used to program the memory of the card reader in the lock for the next hotel guest. This leads to a reduction in security against break-ins. Oscillators and synchronization are irrelevant.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine störungssichere Schließeinrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 genannten Art zu entwikkein, die zwar aufbruchssicher, aber dennoch preiswert herzustellen und raumsparend aufzubauen ist, unter Berücksichtigung einer Synchronisation zwischen Schlüssel und Schloß.The invention has for its object to develop a fail-safe locking device of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1, which is break-proof but nevertheless inexpensive to manufacture and space-saving to set up, taking into account synchronization between the key and the lock.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 angeführten Maßnahmen erreicht, denen folgende Bedeutung zukommt:

  • Zeitungenauigkeiten zwischen den beiden Oszillatoren eines zusammengehörigen Schlüssel-Schloß-Paares ergeben sich dadurch, daß die zugehörigen Zahlenfolge-Geber nicht mehr den gleichen Zählstand aufweisen. Schloßseitig kann der Zählstand um eine oder mehrere vorausgehende oder nachfolgende Zahlen bezüglich des aktuellen Zählstandes im Schlüssel versetzt sein. Das Repetierglied beseitigt solche Abweichungen, indem es schließlich einen erfolgreichen Vergleich ausführt und danach die beidseitigen Zählstände wieder miteinander in Einklang bringt. Der Zahlenfolgegeber im Schloß wird entsprechend vor- oder zurückgestellt. Diese tolerierbare Abweichung mindert die Aufbruchsicherheit nicht, weil das übermittelte Signal zunächst aus zwei Größen kombiniert ist, von denen keine für sich bekannt ist und auch geheim bleibt, welchen Beitrag diese beiden Größen im Kombinationscode liefern. Beide Größen gehören zum unzugänglichen Inhalt von Schlüssel und Schloß. Die eine Größe ist eine feststehende Kennzahl, die für das betrachtete Schlüssel-Schloß-Paar charakteristisch ist. Durch eine Veränderung der Kennzahl läßt sich eine große Vielfalt voneinander klar unterscheidbarer Schlüssel-Schloß-Paare erlangen.
This is achieved according to the invention by the measures specified in the characterizing part of claim 1, which have the following meaning:
  • Newspaper inaccuracies between the two oscillators of an associated key and lock pair result from the fact that the associated number sequence transmitters no longer have the same count. On the lock side, the count can be offset in the key by one or more preceding or following numbers with respect to the current count. The repeating element eliminates such deviations by finally carrying out a successful comparison and then reconciling the two-sided counts. The sequence encoder in the castle is moved forward or back accordingly. This tolerable deviation does not reduce the security against break-in, because the transmitted signal is initially combined from two variables, none of which are known per se and also remain secret which contribution these two variables make in the combination code. Both sizes belong to the inaccessible contents of the key and lock. One size is a fixed key figure that is characteristic of the key-lock pair under consideration. By changing the key figure, a large variety of clearly distinguishable key-lock pairs can be obtained.

Während bei einem gegebenen Schlüssel-Schloß-Paar die Kennzahl unverändert bleibt, ist die andere in den Algorithmus des Rechners eingehende Größe zwar vorbestimmt, aber zeitveränderlich, denn sie ergibt sich aus dem jeweils bei Betätigung des Schlüssels aktuellen Zählstands eines Zahlenfolgegebers. Diese Zahlenfolge hat eine ausreichende Mächtigkeit, so daß die zyklisch wiederholten Zählstände erst nach längerer Zeit wieder auftreten, z.B. nach einem Jahr. Bei Beobachtung der übermittelten Signale werden daher immer wieder andere Werte angezeigt. Quarzgesteuerte Oszillatoren im Schlüssel und Schloß arbeiten genau abgestimmt und lassen sich erfindungsgemäß gut nachjustieren.While the key figure remains unchanged for a given pair of keys and locks, the other size entering the algorithm of the computer is predetermined, but changes in time, because it results from the current count of a sequence generator when the key is pressed. This sequence of numbers has sufficient thickness so that the cyclically repeated counts only appear again after a long time, e.g. after a year. When observing the transmitted signals, different values are always displayed. Quartz-controlled oscillators in the key and lock work precisely coordinated and can be easily readjusted according to the invention.

Die Zahlenfolge im Speicher braucht nicht im arithmetischen Sinne ansteigen oder abfallen, sondern auch in sich unstetig geordnet sein. Die Zahlenfolge braucht nur in ein-eindeutiger Weise im Schlüssel und Schloß festzuliegen. Man könnte den Zahlenfolge-Geber auch aus einem Zählwerk aufbauen, das schrittweise um einen gleichbleibenden oder auch wechselnden Betrag im auf- oder absteigenden Sinne weiterzählt. In diesem Fall können bei sämtlichen Schlüssel-Schloß-Paaren die gleichen Zahlenfolge-Geber verwendet werden, denn sie unterscheiden sich bereits ausreichend durch den Algorithmus und die Kennzahl.The sequence of numbers in the memory need not increase or decrease in the arithmetic sense, but also has to be arranged in a discontinuous manner. The sequence of numbers only needs to be clearly defined in the key and lock. You could also build up the sequence generator from a counter that increments incrementally by a constant or alternating amount in the ascending or descending sense. In this case, the same sequence of numbers can be used for all key-lock pairs, because they already differ sufficiently in the algorithm and the code.

Die mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung am Kraftfahrzeug ausgeübten Steuerimpulse sind bei den meisten Stellmitteln nach Art einer Flip-Flop-Funktion wirksam. So wird bei einem ersten erfolgreichen Codevergleich die Tür des Kraftahrzeugs gesichert und in einem zweiten nachfolgenden erfolgreichen Codevergleich eine Entsicherung der Tür herbeigeführt. Durch den jeweils eingesetzten Schlüssel können auch verschiedene Nebenfunktionen im Kraftfahrzeug ausgeübt werden, wie z.B. Stellmitteln zur Regulierung des Rückspiegels, des Innenspiegels und der Sitzposition. Diese Einstellungen können auf die jeweilige, den Schlüssel besitzende Person abgestimmt sein.The control pulses exerted on the motor vehicle with the locking device according to the invention are effective in most actuating means in the manner of a flip-flop function. Thus, the door of the motor vehicle is secured when the code is first successfully compared and the door is unlocked in a second successful code comparison. The secondary key used can also be used to perform various secondary functions in the motor vehicle, such as Adjustment means for regulating the rear-view mirror, the inside mirror and the seating position. These settings can be tailored to the person who owns the key.

Nach längerer, betätigungslos gebliebener Wartezeit können Abweichungen zwischen den Zählständen von Schlüssel und Schloß sich ergeben, die über den benachbarten Bereich hinausgehen, der mit dem Repetierglied nach Anspruch 1 noch korrigierbar wäre. Dieser benachbarte Bereich soll nachfolgend kurz "Fangbereich" bezeichnet werden. Ein zu großer Fangbereich verringert die Aufbruchsicherheit des Schlosses, denn ein Unbefugter könnte das Signal auffangen und es kurz danach wieder senden, um auf diesem Wege das Schloß unberechtigterweise zu öffnen. Aus diesem Grunde wird die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 7 vorgeschlagen, die nach jeder Schloßbetätigung eine Reduzierung des Fangbereiches bringt. Dadurch wird berücksichtigt, daß erst nach Ablauf einer längeren Ruhezeit eine Verstimmung des Zählstandes zwischen Schloß und Schlüssel eintreten kann.After a longer, unactuated waiting time, there may be deviations between the counts of the key and the lock, which go beyond the adjacent area, which could still be corrected with the repeating element according to claim 1. This adjacent area will hereinafter be referred to as "catch area". A lock area that is too large reduces the security of the lock because an unauthorized person could intercept the signal and send it again shortly afterwards in order to open the lock without authorization in this way. For this reason, the measure is proposed according to claim 7, which brings a reduction in the catch range after each lock operation. This takes into account the fact that the count between the lock and the key can only detune after a longer period of rest.

Gemäß Anspruch 8 soll in dieser Weise für jeden einzelnen Schlüssel gesondert verfahren werden. Dabei kann man den Fangbereich selbst mit zunehmender Ruhezeit gemäß Anspruch 9 verlängern.According to claim 8, this should be done separately for each individual key. You can extend the catch area even with increasing rest time according to claim 9.

Eine besonders hohe Einbruchssicherheit wird durch die Maßnahmen nach Anspruch 10 erlangt. Wenn man nämlich aus dem Fangbereich nach jeder Betätigung die jeweils zurückliegenden Zahlen der Zahlenfolge ausklammert, so ist eine Signalauflösung durch einen Unbefugten zum Zeitpunkt der Schloßbetätigung durch den richtigen Schlüssel sogar nutzlos. Der Fangbereich schließt nämlich diesen Zählstand aus.A particularly high level of security against burglary is achieved by the measures according to claim 10. If, after each actuation, the previous numbers in the sequence of numbers are excluded from the catch range, signal resolution by an unauthorized person at the time the lock is operated with the correct key is even useless. The catch range excludes this count.

Weitere Maßnahmen und Wirkungen der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Blockschaltbild mit den wesentlichsten, zur Erfindung gehörenden Bauteilen,
  • Fig. 2 in einem Zeitdiagramm die bei einem Schloß nach der Erfindung auftretenden Verhältnisse, wenn dieses über eine längere Ruhezeit nicht von einem Schlüssel betätigt worden ist, und
  • Fig. 3 die in Fig. 2 gezeigten Verhältnisse unmittelbar nach einer Betätigung des Schlosses durch den zugehörigen Schlüssel.
Further measures and effects of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 is a block diagram with the most essential components belonging to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 shows in a time diagram the conditions occurring in a lock according to the invention when this has not been operated by a key for a longer period of rest, and
  • Fig. 3 shows the relationships shown in Fig. 2 immediately after actuation of the lock by the associated key.

Ausweislich der Fig. 1 besteht die erfindungsgemäße elektronische Schließeinrichtung, wie aus den jeweiligen strichpunktierten Umrahmungen zu erkennen ist, aus einem schlüsselartigen Teil 10 und einem schloßartigen Teil 20, die nachfolgend abgekürzt "Schlüssel" und "Schloß" bezeichnet werden sollen. Zu dieser Schließeinrichtung sollen weiterhin zwar voneinander unterscheidbare, aber zu dem gleichen Schloß 20 gehörige Schlüssel 10, 10' und 10" gehören. Weil diese Schlüssel einen zueinander im wesentlichen gleichen Aufbau aufweisen, ist nur der erste Schlüssel 10 in dieser Hinsicht näher dargestellt. Die übrigen Schlüssel 10', 10" beinhalten sinngemäß die gleichen Bauteile.1, the electronic locking device according to the invention, as can be seen from the respective dash-dotted frames, consists of a key-like part 10 and a lock-like part 20, which are hereinafter referred to as "keys" and "lock". This locking device should also include keys 10, 10 'and 10 "which are distinguishable from one another but belong to the same lock 20. Because these keys have a structure which is essentially identical to one another, only the first key 10 is shown in more detail in this regard other keys 10 ', 10 "basically contain the same components.

Der Schlüssel 10 umfaßt einen sehr zeitgenau gehenden Oszillator 11, der auf einen Taktgeber 12 ständig einwirkt und diese in einer vorgegebenen zeitlichen Folge von ca. 10 Sekunden zu einem Zähltakt in einem daran angeschlossenen Zahlenfolge-Geber 13 wirksam setzt. Dieser Geber kann aus einem Speicher bestehen, worin eine bestimmte Zahlenfolge größeren Umfang aufgenommen und zahlenweise abgezählt wird. Alternativ kann der Geber 13 aus einem Zähler bestehen, der die einzelnen Zahlen selbst errechnet und durch eine genügend große Stellenzahl einen mächtigen Zahlenkörper umfaßt, der bei zyklischem Umlauf erst nach einem genügend großen Zeitraum, z.B. einem Jahr, sich wiederholt. Zu einer vom Taktgeber 12 genau bestimmten Zeit liegt im Geber 13 eine sich zwar zeitlich ständig ändernde, aber bestimmte Zahl vor, die abgelesen wird und nachfolgend kurz "Zählstand" bezeichnet werden soll. Der Taktgeber 12 kann zwischen zwei Zähltakten, die z.B. in 10 Sekunden Abstand erfolgen, eine bestimmte Anzahl von Grundtakten abgeben, die beispielsweise in einer Sekundenfolge abgegeben werden. Die Anzahl der Grundtakte, die durch Ziffernstellen einer Zahl gekennzeichnet sein können, wie in Anspruch 4 angegeben ist, können zu einer Zwischensynchronisation verwendet werden, wie in Anspruch 3 angesprochen ist. Der aktuelle Zählstand des Gebers 13 wird an einen ersten Eingang 14 eines Rechners 15 gegeben und dort einem im einfachsten Fall stets gleichen Algorithmus unterzogen.The key 10 comprises a very precisely timed oscillator 11 which constantly acts on a clock generator 12 and sets it in a predetermined time sequence of approximately 10 seconds to a counting clock in a number sequence generator 13 connected to it. This encoder can consist of a memory, in which a certain number sequence of larger size is recorded and counted in numbers. Alternatively, the encoder 13 can consist of a counter which calculates the individual numbers itself and, by means of a sufficiently large number of digits, comprises a powerful body of numbers which, in the case of cyclical circulation, only after a sufficiently large period, e.g. a year, repeats itself. At a time precisely determined by the clock generator 12, there is a number which is constantly changing in time, but which is read, and which is to be referred to in the following for short as “count”. The clock 12 can between two counting clocks, e.g. at intervals of 10 seconds, deliver a certain number of basic clocks, which are delivered in a sequence of seconds, for example. The number of basic clocks, which can be identified by digits of a number, as specified in claim 4, can be used for an intermediate synchronization, as mentioned in claim 3. The current count of the encoder 13 is sent to a first input 14 of a computer 15 and there is always subjected to the same algorithm in the simplest case.

Der Rechner 15 besitzt noch einen zweiten Eingang 16, an welchen ein Speicher 17 angeschlossen ist, der im einfachsten Falle nur einen einzigen Festwert beinhaltet. Dieser Festwert dient zur Charakterisierung des zusammengehörigen Schlüssel-Schloß-Paares 10, 20 bzw. 10', 20 bzw. 10", 20 und soll daher als "Kennzahl" dieses Paares bezeichnet werden. Die konstante Kennzahl 17 geht zusammen mit dem zeitlich veränderlichen Zählstand 13 in den Algorithmus des Rechners 15 ein, wo sie in spezifischer Weise, die auch für jedes Schließsystem individuell sein könnte, miteinander verknüpft werden zu einem Ausgangssignal, das wegen der Zusammensetzung aus Zählerstand und Kennzahl nachfolgend kurz "Kombinationscode-Signal" bezeichnet werden soll. An dem Ausgang 19 ist ein Sender 18 angeschlossen, der dieses Signal durch elektromagnetische Strahlung 30 - wie in der Zeichnung angedeutet - z.B. durch Infrarot, an den entsprechenden Empfänger 28 des zugehörigen Schlosses 20 weiterleitet. Es versteht sich, daß die Übertragung des Signals 30 auch auf anderem Wege über ein beliebiges Medium erfolgen könnte, z.B. durch unmittelbaren elektrischen Kontakt, in elektromagnetischer Weise durch Funk oder durch Schall.The computer 15 also has a second input 16, to which a memory 17 is connected, which in the simplest case contains only a single fixed value. This fixed value is used to characterize the associated key and lock pair 10, 20 or 10 ', 20 or 10 ", 20 and is therefore intended as a" key figure "for this pair res. The constant characteristic number 17 is included in the algorithm of the computer 15 together with the time-varying count 13, where they are linked to one another in a specific manner, which could also be individual for each locking system, to form an output signal which, owing to the composition of the counter reading and the key figure hereinafter referred to as "combination code signal". A transmitter 18 is connected to the output 19 and transmits this signal to the corresponding receiver 28 of the associated lock 20 by electromagnetic radiation 30 - as indicated in the drawing - for example by infrared. It is understood that the signal 30 could also be transmitted in any other way via any medium, for example by direct electrical contact, in an electromagnetic manner by radio or by sound.

Der Schlüssel umfaßt noch weitere Bestandteile. So ist die Abgabe des Signals 30 über die angedeutete Taste 31 eines Betätigers 32 auslösbar, der über drei Leitungen mit verschiedenen, noch näher zu beschreibenden Bauteilen in Verbindung steht, von denen eine der erwähnte Rechner 15 ist, dessen Wirksamkeit somit erst durch Tastendruck 31 beginnt. Es ist besonders hervorzuheben, daß der Oszillator 11 , und damit der Taktgeber 12 und der Zahlenfolge-Geber 13 völlig unabhängig von der Betätigung der Taste 31 weiterarbeiten und dadurch schlüsselintern einen ständig sich verändernden "Zähl-stand" am Rechnereingang 14 bewirken.The key includes other components. The output of the signal 30 can thus be triggered via the indicated key 31 of an actuator 32, which is connected via three lines to various components, to be described in more detail, one of which is the computer 15 mentioned, the effectiveness of which therefore only begins when the key 31 is pressed . It should be particularly emphasized that the oscillator 11, and thus the clock generator 12 and the numerical sequence generator 13, continue to work completely independently of the actuation of the key 31 and thereby cause a constantly changing "counting state" at the computer input 14 within the key.

Eine weitere Leitung des Betätigers 32 ist an den Geber 33 eines weiteren Initialisierungscodes angeschlossen, der, wie aus der Zeichnung durch die Leitung 34 erkennbar, nicht dem Algorithmus des Zählers 15 unterworfen werden braucht, sondern unverschleiert an den Sender 18 geht und dort als Voraussignal, in der Zeichnung mit 30"' bezeichnet, an den Empfänger 28 des Schlosses 20 übergeht. Der Initialisierungscode dieses Voraussignals 30"' ist im folgenden Fall seinerseits aus drei Größen zusammengesetzt, die in einem dem Empfänger 28 des Schlosses 20 nachgeschalteten Zerleger 29 erkannt und an die noch näher zu beschreibenden dortigen Bauteile weitergegeben werden kann.A further line of the actuator 32 is connected to the transmitter 33 of a further initialization code which, as can be seen from the drawing by the line 34, does not need to be subjected to the algorithm of the counter 15, but goes uncovered to the transmitter 18 and there as a preliminary signal, designated 30 "'in the drawing, passes to the receiver 28 of the lock 20. In the following case, the initialization code of this advance signal 30"' is in turn composed of three variables which are recognized and activated in a decomposer 29 connected downstream of the receiver 28 of the lock 20 the components to be described there can be passed on.

Dieser Initialisierungscode von 33 setzt sich bei der Erfindung zunächst aus einem Ansprechcode zusammen, der das betreffende zusammengehörige Schlüssel-Schloß-Paar 10, 20 charakterisiert und die noch näher zu beschrei benden elektrischen Funktionen im Schloß 20 festlegt, ohne natürlich die dortigen Steuerbewegungen der verschiedenen Stellmittel schon auszuführen. Letztere werden nämlich erst vollzogen, wenn die noch näher zu beschreibende Vergleichsarbeit erfolgreich im Schloß 20 abgelaufen ist. Dieses Wirksamwerden des Schlosses 20 rechtfertigt diesen Teil des Initialisierungscodes, wie geschehen, als "Ansprechcode" zu bezeichnen.This initialization code of 33 is composed in the invention first of all of a response code which characterizes the associated key-lock pair 10, 20 and defines the electrical functions to be described in more detail in the lock 20 without, of course, the control movements of the various actuating means there to execute already. The latter are only carried out when the comparative work to be described in more detail has been successfully carried out in castle 20. This activation of the lock 20 justifies that part of the initialization code, as it happened, to be referred to as the "response code".

Zum Initialisierungscode gehört als weitere Größe eine den betreffenden Schlüssel 10 kennzeichnende Ordnungsnummer, die ihn eindeutig von den zwar zugehörigen, aber andersartigen Schlüssel 10', 10" unterscheidet. Der Schlüssel 10 soll beispielsweise die Ordnungsnummer "I" aufweisen, wie in der Zeichnung ersichtlich ist. Dieser Teilcode darf daher als "Nummerncode" des betreffenden Schlüssels 10, 10' bzw. 10" bezeichnet werden. Von dem Zerleger 29 geht dieses Signal über die Leitung 35 zu einem im Schloß 20 befindlichen Diskriminator 36, der eindeutig feststellt, welche der Schlüssel 10, 10', 10" wirksam werden soll, weshalb er über seine gestrichelt in der Zeichnung angedeutete Stelleitung 50 die dem betreffenden Schlüssel ein-eindeutig zugeordnete Zahlenfolge-Geber 23, 23' bzw. 23" durch Schließen eines der gezeigten Schalter 37, 37', 37" gegenüber einem schloßseitigen Rechner 25 wirksam setzt. Auch hier ist, wie schon beim Schlüssel 10 erläutert wurde, ein eigener zeitgleich wirksamer Oszillator 21 an einen zum Schlüssel 10 genau synchronen Zähltakt angebenden eigenen Taktgeber 22 angeschlossen, der ausweislich der Leitungsverteilung 38 fortlaufend den aktuellen Zähl- stand in diesen Zahlenfolge-Geber 23 bis 23" ermittelt. Die Zuordnung dieser schloßseitigen Zahlenfolge-Geber 23 bis 23" zu den gezeigten drei Schlüsseln 10 bis 10" ist durch Verwendung der gleichen Schlüssel-Ordnungsnummern I, 11, 111 veranschaulicht.The initialization code includes, as a further variable, an order number characterizing the relevant key 10, which clearly distinguishes it from the associated but different key 10 ', 10 ". The key 10 should, for example, have the order number" I ", as can be seen in the drawing This partial code may therefore be referred to as the "number code" of the relevant key 10, 10 'or 10 ". From the disassembler 29, this signal goes via line 35 to a discriminator 36 located in the lock 20, which clearly determines which of the keys 10, 10 ', 10 "should take effect, which is why it uses the line 50 indicated by the dashed line in the drawing to determine the key sets a number sequence transmitter 23, 23 'or 23 "uniquely assigned to the relevant key by closing one of the switches 37, 37', 37" shown in relation to a lock-side computer 25. Here too, as was already explained for the key 10 , its own oscillator 21, which is effective at the same time, is connected to its own clock generator 22, which specifies a clock cycle that is exactly synchronous with the key 10, and which, based on the line distribution 38, continuously determines the current count in these numerical sequence transmitters 23 to 23 ". The assignment of these lock-side number sequence transmitters 23 to 23 "to the three keys 10 to 10" shown is illustrated by using the same key order numbers I, 11, 111.

Zum Schloß 20 gehört, ähnlich wie beim Schlüssel 10, auch noch ein Festwertspeicher 27, der hier die genau gleiche "Kennzahl" des Schlüssels enthält, weshalb an den Rechner 25 über die hier analog vorgesehenen beiden Eingänge 24, 26 die gleichen Größen zur gleichen Zeit wie beim Schlüssel 10 eingehen, nämlich der zeitabhängige "Zählstand" einerseits und die feststehende "Kennzahl" andererseits. Dadurch erscheint am Ausgang 39 des Rechners 25 das gleiche Kombinationscode-Signal und gelangt zu einem Vergleichsglied 40, dessen andere Signal-Zuleitung 41 von einem Speicher 42 versorgt wird, in welchem das vom Empfänger 28 empfangene, vom Schlüssel 10 stammende Kombinationscode-Signal 30 aufgenommen wird und für die weitere Verwertung im Vergleichsglied 40 zur Verfügung steht.Similar to the key 10, the lock 20 also includes a read-only memory 27, which here contains the exact same "code number" of the key, which is why the same values are sent to the computer 25 via the two inputs 24, 26 provided here in an analogous manner as with key 10, namely the time-dependent "count" on the one hand and the fixed "key figure" on the other. As a result, the same combination code signal appears at the output 39 of the computer 25 and reaches a comparison element 40, the other signal feed line 41 of which is supplied by a memory 42, in which the combination code signal 30 received by the receiver 28 and coming from the key 10 is received is and is available for further use in the comparator 40.

Der dritte Bestandteil des oben bereits erwähnten Initialisierungscodes besteht aus einer am besten "Steuerungscode" kurz zu bezeichnenden Größe, in welcher verschlüsselt spezifische Steuerfunktionen des Schlosses 20 enthalten sind, die dem betreffenden Schlüssel 10 zugeordnet werden sollen. Diese spezifischen Steuerfunktionen des Schlüssels 10 unterscheiden ihn gegenüber wenigstens teilweise andersartige oder größenmäßig unterschiedliche Schloßfunktionen ausübenden Schlüsseln 10', 10". Einmal kann es bei diesen zu unterscheidenden Steuerfunktionen der verschiedenen Schlüssel 10, 10', 10" um eine "Schlüsselhierarchie" gehen, im Sinne eines Hauptschlüssels oder eines Nabenschlüssels. So kann beispielsweise der Nebenschlüssel eines Kraftfahrzeugs nur die Tür entsichern, aber der Hauptschlüssel darüber hinaus zusätzliche Sonderfunktionen am Kraftfahrzeuq ausüben, wie z.B. das Entsichern des Handschuhfachs oder des Kofferraums. Eine weitere bedeutsame Möglichkeit für unterschiedliche Steuerfunktionen des Schlüssels besteht in einer den Bedienungskomfort des Kraftfahrzeugs wesentlich erhöhenden, sogenannten "Memory"-Funktion, die es beispielsweise ermöglicht, die dem betreffenden Besitzer dieses Schlüssels 10 bzw. 10' bzw. 10" zugeordnete automatische Verstellung der Sitzpositionen oder der Rückspiegel im Kraftfahrzeug zu bewirken.The third component of the above-mentioned initialization code consists of a size which can best be referred to as "control code", in which encrypted specific control functions of the lock 20 are contained, which are assigned to the relevant key 10 should. These specific control functions of the key 10 distinguish it from keys 10 ', 10 "which are at least partially different or which perform different lock functions in terms of size Meaning of a master key or a hub key. For example, the secondary key of a motor vehicle can only unlock the door, but the master key can also perform additional special functions on the motor vehicle, such as unlocking the glove compartment or the trunk. Another important possibility for different control functions of the key is a so-called "memory" function which significantly increases the ease of use of the motor vehicle, which makes it possible, for example, to automatically adjust the associated owner of this key 10 or 10 'or 10 " Seating positions or the rear view mirror in the motor vehicle.

Dieser dem unverschleierten Initialisierungscode zugrunde liegende "Steuerungscode" vollzieht aber nicht sogleich bei diesem unverschleierten Voraussignal 30'" die entsprechenden Stellbewegungen im Kraftfahrzeug sondern teilt einer dem Vergleicher 40 nachgeschalteten Ablaufsteuerung 43 nur mit, welche spezifischen Steuerfunktionen bei nachfolgender erfolgreicher Wechselwirkung des Schlüssels 10 mit dem Schloß 20 vorzunehmen sind.This "control code" on which the unveiled initialization code is based does not immediately execute the corresponding actuating movements in the motor vehicle with this unveiled advance signal 30 '", but rather only informs a sequencer 43 connected downstream of the comparator 40 which specific control functions upon subsequent successful interaction of the key 10 with the lock 20 are to be made.

über die Leitung 59via line 59

Stellt das Vergleichsglied 40 an seinen beiden Signaleingängen 39, 41 ein übereinstimmendes Signal fest, was voraussetzt, daß in beiden Fällen der gleiche erwähnte "Kombinationscode" erlangt wurde, so wird die von dem vorerwähnten Initialisierungssignal zwar bereits bestimmte, aber noch zuverlässig gehemmte Steuerbewegung freigegeben und bewirkt, wie in der Zeichnung angedeutet ist, eine Stellbewegung 44 des Riegels 45 einer Türsperre 46 und/oder betätigt ein anderes Stellmittel 47, das Sonderfunktionen erfüllt, z.B. die bereits erwähnte Verstellung der Sitzposition.If the comparator 40 detects a matching signal at its two signal inputs 39, 41, which presupposes that the same "combination code" has been obtained in both cases, the control movement already determined but still reliably inhibited by the aforementioned initialization signal is released and causes, as indicated in the drawing, an actuating movement 44 of the bolt 45 of a door lock 46 and / or actuates another actuating means 47 that performs special functions, for example the aforementioned adjustment of the seating position.

Es kann nun vorkommen, daß durch von Fertigungstoleranzen bedingten Unstimmigkeiten der schlüsselseitige Taktgeber 12 von dem schloßseitigen 22 abweicht. In diesem Falle ist eine selbstätige Regulierung der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung 10, 20 . erwünscht, was durch weitere noch näher zu beschreibende Bauteile, nämlich ein schlüsselseitiges Synchronisierglied 48 und ein schloßseitiges 49, bewirkt wird. Das Betätigen der Taste 31 läßt über die Leitung 51 das schlüsselseitige Synchronisierglied 48 wirksam werden, das dann den genauen Zähltakt des Taktgebers 12 über die Leitung 52 empfängt und über die Leitung 53 an den Sender 18 weitergibt, der diese Information mit in das Infrarotsignal 30 aufnimmt und an den Empfänger 28 des Schlosses 20 weitergibt. Geht man, wie bereits oben erwähnt wurde, von einer beispielsweise achtundvierzigstelligen dualen Zahl aus, deren vier letzte Ziffernstellen im Grundtakt des Taktgebers fortschreiten, aber nicht für den "Zählstand" in dem Zahlenfolge-Geber 13 zur Verfügung stehen, so kann diese Information über den Grundtakt zwischen den Zähltakten als das erwähnte Signal für die Zwischensynchronisation genutzt werden. Diese Information wird vom Empfänger 28 über die Leitung 54 dem entsprechenden schloßseitigen Synchronisierglied 49 gemeldet, dort aber so lange nicht dem entsprechenden Taktgeber 22 zur Anpassung übermittelt, als der dazwischen liegende Schalter 55, wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt, geöffnet ist. Ist aber der Code-Vergleich der beidseitigen Kombinationscode-Signale erfolgreich abgelaufen und dies der genannten Ablaufsteuerung 43 gemeldet worden, so schaltet diese über die gestrichelt eingezeichnete Stelleitung 56 den Schalter 55 ein, wodurch der genaue Zeitpunkt des Zähltakts des Schlüssels dem Taktgeber 22 des Schlosses 20 mitgeteilt wird und diesen im Sinne einer entsprechenden Vor- oder Rückstellung der festgestellten Abweichung synchronisiert. Damit wird bei jeder erfolgreichen Wechselwirkung zwischen Schlüssel 10 und Schloß 20 über die Ablaufsteuerung 43 zugleich eine entsprechende Nachjustierung der beidseitigen Taktgeber 12, 22 bewirkt, wodurch sichergestellt ist, daß die Zahlenfolge im schlüsselseitigen Geber 13 genau zeitgleich mit der Zahlenfolge in den verfügbaren Zahlengebern 23, 23', 23" des Schlosses 20 übereinstimmt. Es findet somit eine Selbstjustierung statt.It can now happen that the key-side clock generator 12 deviates from the lock-side 22 due to discrepancies caused by manufacturing tolerances. In this case there is an automatic regulation of the locking device 10, 20 according to the invention. Desired what is caused by further components to be described in more detail, namely a key-side synchronizer 48 and a lock-side 49. Pressing the key 31 allows the key-side synchronizing element 48 to take effect via the line 51, which then receives the exact counting clock of the clock generator 12 via the line 52 and passes it on via line 53 to the transmitter 18, which also records this information in the infrared signal 30 and passes on to the receiver 28 of the lock 20. If, as already mentioned above, one assumes, for example, a forty-eight-digit dual number, the last four digits of which progress in the basic cycle of the clock generator, but are not available for the "count" in the sequence generator 13, this information can be obtained via the Basic clock between the counter clocks can be used as the mentioned signal for the intermediate synchronization. This information is reported by the receiver 28 to the corresponding lock-side synchronizing member 49 via the line 54, but is not transmitted to the corresponding clock generator 22 for adaptation there until the switch 55 in between, as shown in the drawing, is open. However, if the code comparison of the combination code signals on both sides has expired successfully and this has been reported to the sequence controller 43 mentioned, the latter switches on the switch 55 via the dashed line 56, as a result of which the exact timing of the counting of the key to the clock generator 22 of the lock 20 is communicated and this is synchronized in the sense of a corresponding advance or reset of the detected deviation. With each successful interaction between the key 10 and the lock 20, a corresponding readjustment of the clocks 12, 22 on both sides is simultaneously effected via the sequence control 43, which ensures that the sequence of numbers in the key-side transmitter 13 is exactly at the same time as the sequence of numbers in the available number transmitters 23, 23 ', 23 "of the lock 20 coincides. Self-adjustment therefore takes place.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schließeinrichtung ist auch dann erfolgreich wirksam, wenn der Zählstand in den beidseitigen Zahlenfolgen von Schlüsseln 10 und Schloß 20 um eine oder wenige Zahlen voneinander abweicht. Ein erfolgloser Vergleich, der über das Vergleichsglied 40 der Ablaufsteuerung 43 mitgeteilt wird, setzt nämlich ein Repetierglied 57 wirksam, das über die Leitung 58 erneut auf den jeweils eingeschalteten schloßseitigen Zahlenfolge-Geber 23, 23', 23" einwirkt. Ausgehend von dem erfolglos ausgewerteten Zählstand dieses Gebers sorgt das Repetierglied 57, das die unmittelbar vorausgehenden und nachfolgenden Zahlen der dortigen Zahlenfolge entnommen und in dem Rechner 25 nochmals ausgewertet und schließlich mit dem im Speicher 42 enthaltenen empfangenen schlüsselseitigen Kombinationscode-Signal bei 40 verglichen werden. Ist dieser Vergleich erfolgreich, so wird die Ablaufsteuerung 43 das entsprechende Steuersignal an die Stellmittel 46, 47 abgeben. Das Repetierglied 57 beschränkt natürlich die Abtastung der Zahlenfolge, ausgehend vom an sich maßgeblichen Zählstand, nur um eine oder zwei Zahlen im vorausgehenden oder nachfolgenden Sinne. Dieser vom Repetierglied 57 erfaßte Bereich soll "Fangbereich" bezeichnet werden und wird abschließend in Fig. 2 und 3 näher erläutert. Stellt das Vergleichsglied 40 keine Übereinstimmung fest, so bleibt die Ablaufsteuerung 43 blokkiert und es kann ein Alarm ausgelöst werden, welcher das erfolglose Aufbrechen des Schlosses 20 meldet.The locking device according to the invention is also effective when the count in the two-sided number sequences of keys 10 and lock 20 differs from one another by a few numbers. An unsuccessful comparison, which is communicated to the sequence control 43 via the comparison element 40, in fact activates a repetition element 57, which acts again via the line 58 on the number-sequence transmitter 23, 23 ', 23 "which is switched on at the time. Starting from the one evaluated unsuccessfully The count of this encoder is provided by the repetition element 57, which takes the immediately preceding and subsequent numbers from the sequence of numbers there and evaluates them again in the computer 25 and finally compares them with the received key-side combination code signal contained in the memory 42 at 40. If this comparison is successful, then the sequence controller 43 will emit the corresponding control signal to the actuating means 46, 47. The repeater 57 is limited Of course, the scanning of the number sequence, starting from the actual count, only by one or two numbers in the previous or following sense. This area covered by the repeating element 57 is to be referred to as the “catch area” and is finally explained in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. If the comparator 40 does not find a match, the sequence control 43 remains blocked and an alarm can be triggered which reports the unsuccessful breaking of the lock 20.

In manchen Fällen, z.B. beim Start des Betriebs der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung 10, 20 oder beim Auswechseln von Spannungsquellen im Schlüssel 10 oder Schloß 20, ist es erforderlich, den beidseitigen Zähltakt in den beiden Zahlenfolgen in Gleichklang miteinander zu bringen. Dazu sieht die Erfindung eine besonders einfache Möglichkeit vor, die ein zusätzliches mechanisches Schließsystem 60 umfaßt, bestehend aus einem mechanischen Schlüssel 61 und einer mechanisch passenden Schlüsselaufnahme 62, die hier Bestandteil des kraftfahrzeugseitigen Schlosses 20 ist. Es findet folgendes statt:In some cases, e.g. at the start of the operation of the locking device 10, 20 according to the invention or when replacing voltage sources in the key 10 or lock 20, it is necessary to bring the two-sided counting clock in harmony with one another in the two sequences of numbers. For this purpose, the invention provides a particularly simple possibility, which comprises an additional mechanical locking system 60, consisting of a mechanical key 61 and a mechanically matching key receptacle 62, which here is part of the motor vehicle lock 20. The following takes place:

Nach erfolgreichem Ablauf des den Initialisierungscode übertragenden Signals 30"', der die Verwandtschaft des benutzten Schlüssels 10 mit dem Schloß 20 bestätigt, nimmt der schloßseitige Speicher 42 das nachfolgende Kombinationscode-Signal 30 auf. Wird nun innerhalb einer bestimmten definierten Zeit nach Empfang des Signals 30 bzw. 30"' der mechanische Schlüssel 61 in seiner Aufnahme 62 betätigt, so wird über die angedeutete Steuerleitung 63 ein Schalter 64 zu einem Dechiffrierglied 65 geschlossen, das daraus den aktuellen Zählerstand im schlüsselseitigen Geber 13 ermitteln kann. Dem Dechiffrierglied 65 ist nämlich sowohl die im Festwertspeicher 27 enthaltene "Kennzahl" als auch die einzelnen Zahlen der "Zahlenfolge" bekannt. Wie schon oben beschrieben wurde, wird durch das Initialisierungscode-Signal 30"' auch der Diskriminator 36 angesprochen, der dann weiß, welcher der verfügbaren Schlüssel 10, 10' bzw. 10" mit dem Schloß 20 in Wechselwirkung treten will, was vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit der Stell-Leitung 50 und deren Schaltern 37, 37', 37" erläutert wurde. Im Falle der Basiseinstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung 10,20 unter Verwendung des genannten mechanischen Schließsystems 60 wird nun vom Diskriminator 36 über eine weitere Stell-Leitung 66 der jeweils zu dem zugehörigen Geber 23, 23', 23" gehörende Schalter 67, 67', 67" geschlossen, um das Ergebnis der Dechiffrierung im Glied 65 über die Leitung 68 dem zugehörigen richtigen Geber des betreffenden Schlüssels zuzuführen und diesen in Übereinstimmung mit dem schlüsselseitigen Zahlenfolge-Geber 13 einzustellen. Dann ist der betreffende Schlüssel 10 und das Schloß 20 mit dem ihm zugeordneten Geber 23 genau abgestimmt. Die entsprechende Einstellung ist dann sinngemäß hinsichtlich der weiteren Geber 23', 23" auch mit den beiden übrigen Schlüsseln 10', 10"auszuführen.After successful completion of the signal 30 "'which transmits the initialization code and which confirms the relationship of the key 10 used with the lock 20, the lock-side memory 42 receives the subsequent combination code signal 30. It is now within a certain defined time after receipt of the signal 30 or 30 "'of the mechanical key 61 in its receptacle 62, a switch 64 is closed to a decoding element 65 via the indicated control line 63, which can determine the current counter reading in the key-side transmitter 13 therefrom. The deciphering element 65 is known both the “code number” contained in the read-only memory 27 and the individual numbers in the “sequence of numbers”. As already described above, the initialization code signal 30 "'also addresses the discriminator 36, which then knows which of the available keys 10, 10' or 10" wants to interact with the lock 20, which in connection with the above with the actuating line 50 and its switches 37, 37 ', 37 ". In the case of the basic setting of the locking device 10, 20 according to the invention using the mechanical locking system 60 mentioned, the discriminator 36 now uses a further actuating line 66 switches 67, 67 ', 67 "belonging to the associated transmitter 23, 23', 23" are closed in order to supply the result of the decoding in the link 65 via the line 68 to the corresponding correct transmitter of the relevant key and this in accordance with the key-side number sequence -Giver 13. Then the relevant key 10 and the lock 20 are precisely coordinated with the transmitter 23 assigned to them The corresponding setting is then to be carried out analogously with regard to the further transmitters 23 ', 23 "with the two other keys 10', 10".

Ist das Schloß 20 längere Zeit vom Schlüssel 10 nicht über die Codesignale 30, 30"' betätigt worden, so kann es infolge Aufsummierung von Gangunterschieden in den beiden Oszillatoren 11, 21 oder durch sonstige Fehler zu einer Abweichung des Zählstandes in den beidseitigen Zahlenfolge-Gebern 13, 23 kommen. Dies läßt sich anhand der Fig.2 am besten verdeutlichen, wo die Zeitachse t aufgezeichnet ist und in bestimmten zeitlichen Abständen At, die von dem jeweiligen Taktgeber 12 bzw. 22 des Schlüssels 10 bzw. des Schlosses 20 bestimmt sind, Zahlen Zx aus einer Zahlenfolge größeren Umfanges vom jeweiligen Geber 13 bzw. 23 in der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung abgegeben werden. Im vorliegenden Fall soll es sich um eine ansteigende Zahlenfolge handeln, die nach dem einfachen Bildungsgesetz ZX =N + x n nIf the lock 20 has not been actuated for a long time by the key 10 via the code signals 30, 30 "', it can result in a deviation of the count in the two-sided number transmitters due to the summation of gear differences in the two oscillators 11, 21 or due to other errors 13, 23. This can best be illustrated in FIG. 2, where the time axis t is recorded and at certain time intervals At, which are determined by the respective clock generator 12 or 22 of the key 10 or the lock 20, Numbers Z x are given in the device according to the invention from a larger sequence of numbers by the respective donor 13 or 23. In the present case, it should be an increasing sequence of numbers which, according to the simple law of education Z X = N + xnn

erzeugt ist. Dabei ist Zx eine Zahl in dieser Zahlenfolge, N eine bestimmte Ausgangszahl, n der Wertzuwachs zwischen zwei benachbarten Zahlen und x die Ordnungs-Nummer der betreffenden Zahl Zxin der vorgegebenen Zahlenfolge. Z kann z.B. eine sechsstellige Zahl sein, N z.B. 13 betragen und n den Wert 27 aufweisen. Es versteht sich, daß anstelle einer solchen arithmetischen Zahlenreihe auch eine beliebige unstetige Zahlenfolge verwendet werden könnte. In diesem Fall würden die in Fig. 1 gezeigten Benennungen von Zxeinfach die Ordnugns-Nummer in dieser Zahlenfolge bedeuten.is generated. Z x is a number in this sequence of numbers, N is a specific starting number, n is the increase in value between two adjacent numbers and x is the order number of the relevant number Z x in the specified sequence of numbers. For example, Z can be a six-digit number, N can be 13, for example, and n can be 27. It goes without saying that instead of such an arithmetic series of numbers, any discontinuous sequence of numbers could also be used. In this case, the designations of Z x shown in FIG. 1 would simply mean the order number in this sequence of numbers.

In Fig. 2 ist die Situation der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung in einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt dargestellt, nachdem, wie bereits oben erwähnt wurde, der aktuelle Schlüssel 10 über eine lange Zeit, z.B. mehrere Wochen, das Schloß 20 nicht betätigt hat. In diesem Zeitpunkt soll der Zählstand im Schloß 20 beim zugehörigen Geber 23 durch die Lage des Pfeils 70 markiert sein. Der dortige Geber 23 gibt also in der bereits beschriebenen Weise an seinen Rechner 25 die Zahl"N" dieser Zahlenfolge. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt soll die Lage des Zählstands im Geber 13 des Schlüssels 10 in Verzug geraten sein und an der durch den Pfeil 71 gekennzeichneten Stelle der dort produzierten gleichlautenden Zahlenfolge Zx sich in diesem Augenblick befinden. Nach Fig. 2 soll die Abweichung der Zählung über drei Zahlenwerte dieser Zahlenfolge Zx gehen, was der gezeigten Zeitdifferenz 69 von Fig.2 entspricht. Der Geber 23 des Schlosses 20 befindet sich also in der Zahlenfolge bei der Zahl N, während der zum Schlüssel 10 gehörende Geber 13 erst bei der Zahl(N - 3n)-sich befindet.2 shows the situation of the locking device according to the invention at a certain point in time after, as already mentioned above, the current key 10 has not operated the lock 20 for a long time, for example several weeks. At this point in time, the count in the lock 20 at the associated transmitter 23 should be marked by the position of the arrow 70. The encoder 23 there thus gives the number "N" of this sequence of numbers to its computer 25 in the manner already described. At this point in time, the position of the count in the transmitter 13 of the key 10 is said to be in arrears and is at that point in the position of the identical sequence of numbers Z x produced by the arrow 71. According to FIG. 2, the deviation of the count should go over three numerical values of this sequence of numbers Z x , which corresponds to the time difference 69 shown in FIG. The encoder 23 of the lock 20 is thus in the sequence of numbers at the number N, while the key 10 belonging donors 13 are only at the number (N - 3n).

Bei dieser Situation muß natürlich zunächst die im Vergleichsglied 40 ermittelte Vergleichsarbeit zwischen dem vom Schlüssel 10 stammenden Codesignal 30 und dem schlüsselseitig vom Rechner 25 ermittelten Codewert scheitern. Jetzt wird aber das Repetierglied 57 im Schloß 20 wirksam, das, ausgehend vom aktuellen Zählstand N im Schloß 20 auch die benachbarten Zahlen der vorgegebenen Zahlenfolge Zx erfaßt, also die von N aus nach oben und unten abweichenden Nachbarwerte N + n; N + 2n; usw..In this situation, the comparison work determined in the comparison element 40 between the code signal 30 originating from the key 10 and the code value determined by the computer 25 on the key side must of course fail. Now, however, the repeating element 57 in the lock 20 is effective, which, starting from the current count N in the lock 20, also detects the adjacent numbers of the predetermined number sequence Z x, that is to say the neighboring values N + n which deviate up and down from N; N + 2n; etc..

Es werden die Zahlenwerte eines bestimmten Bereichs 73 um den aktuellen Zählstand N im Schlüssel 10 erfaßt. Dieser Bereich soll aus nachfolgend erkennbarem Grunde kurz "Fangbereich 73" bezeichnet werden. Da eine Abweichung 69 zwischen den beidseitigen Zählständen 70, 71 nach oben und nach unten sich ergeben kann, erstreckt sich der Fangbereich 73 in diesem Fall, wie Fig.2 verdeutlicht, von dem aktuellen Zählstand N des Schlosses 20 bis zu einem zweckmäßigerweise gleichweit nach oben und unten reichenden positiven Grenzwert 74 und negativen Grenzwert 75. Natürlich können diese Grenzwerte 74, 75 auch unsymmetrisch zum aktuellen Zählstand N liegen, wenn eine bestimmte Tendenz hinsichtlich einer Beschleunigung oder Verzögerung des Zählstands 71 am Schlüssel 10 zu erwarten ist. Ausgehend von dem aktuellen Zählstand N erstreckt sich der Fangbereich 73 um den Zeitraum 76 in die Zukunft und einen Zeitraum 77 in die Vergangenheit. Veranlaßt durch das Repetierglied 57 ermittelt der Rechner 25 im Schloß nacheinander Codewerte für die benachbarten Zahlen des Fangbereichs 73 und führt sie zur Auswertung in das Vergleichsglied 40 über. Wird im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel schließlich bei diesem Vorgang die Zahl (N - 3n)im Schloß 20 zur Codeberechnung verwendet, so liegt eine Übereinstimmung mit dem vom Schlüssel 10 durchgegebenen Codesignal 30 vor und das Vergleichsglied 40 im Schloß 20 kann folglich erfolgreich arbeiten und die zugehörigen Schließbewegungen 44 in den zugehörigen Stellmitteln 46, 47 ausführen. Eine außerhalb des Fangbereichs 73 liegende Zahl wird nicht zur Codewertbildung im Schloß 20 zugelassen.The numerical values of a specific area 73 around the current count N are recorded in the key 10. For the reason that can be seen below, this area is to be briefly referred to as “catch area 73”. Since there can be a deviation 69 between the two-sided counts 70, 71 upwards and downwards, the catch area 73 in this case, as illustrated in FIG. 2, extends from the current count N of the lock 20 to one expediently equally upwards and the lower limit positive limit value 74 and negative limit value 75. Of course, these limit values 74, 75 can also be asymmetrical to the current count N if a certain tendency with regard to an acceleration or deceleration of the count 71 at the key 10 is to be expected. Starting from the current count N, the catch area 73 extends by the period 76 in the future and a period 77 in the past. Initiated by the repetition element 57, the computer 25 successively determines code values for the neighboring numbers of the catch area 73 in the lock and transfers them to the comparison element 40 for evaluation. If in the present exemplary embodiment the number (N-3n) in the lock 20 is finally used for code calculation during this process, there is a correspondence with the code signal 30 transmitted by the key 10 and the comparison element 40 in the lock 20 can consequently work successfully and the associated closing movements Execute 44 in the associated actuating means 46, 47. A number outside the catch area 73 is not permitted for code value formation in the lock 20.

Nachdem im angenommenen Beispiel von Fig. 2 der Schlüssel 10 schließlich doch mit dem Schloß 20 erfolgreich zusammen wirken konnte, kann die zeitliche Differenz 69 der Zählungen zwischen Schlüssel 10 und Schloß 20 leicht dadurch behoben werden, daß im Schloß 20 bis dahin herrschende Zählstand 70 um diesen Betrag zurückgestellt wird auf den Zählstand(N - 3n),der identisch mit demjenigen des Schlüssels 10 ist. Damit ist die Fehlerquelle beseitigt. Die weiteren Zählungen 70, 71 im Schloß 20 und Schlüssel 10 erfolgen von da ab genau abgestimmt miteinander.After the key 10 was finally able to cooperate successfully with the lock 20 in the assumed example of FIG. 2, the time difference 69 of the counts between the key 10 and the lock 20 can easily be remedied by the prevailing count 70 in the lock 20 this amount is reset to the count (N-3n), which is identical to that of the key 10. This eliminates the source of the error. The further counts 70, 71 in the lock 20 and key 10 are then precisely coordinated with each other.

Die den Schlüssel 10 bedienende Person hat von dieser Arbeitsweise des Schlosses 20 nichts gemerkt. Das Schloß 20 arbeitet selbsttätig in dem vom Repetierglied 57 bestimmten Fangbereich 73.The person operating the key 10 has not noticed anything about this mode of operation of the lock 20. The lock 20 works automatically in the catch area 73 determined by the repeater 57.

Es könnte nun sein, daß eine unbefugte Person das Signal 30 des Schlüssels 10 im vorerwähnten Fall aufgenommen hat in der Absicht, dieses Signal unzulässigerweise zu einem späteren Aufbruch des Schlosses 20 zu verwenden. Dies könnte in der Tat erfolgreich sein, wenn der Fangbereich 73 in diesem Umfang aufrechterhalten bleibt und dieser Aufbruchsversuch noch innerhalb des in die Vergangenheit wirksamen Zeitraums 77 vollzogen wird. Hier greift die Erfindung ein, welche im Anschluß an eine erfolgreiche Betätigung des Schlosses 20 durch den Schlüssel 10 die Verhältnisse von Fig. 2 im Sinne der Fig. 3 verändert. Daraus ist im einzelnen folgendes ersichtlich.It could now be that an unauthorized person has picked up the signal 30 of the key 10 in the aforementioned case with the intention of using this signal illegally for a later opening of the lock 20. Indeed, this could be successful if the catch area 73 is maintained to this extent and this attempt to break out is still carried out within the period 77 effective in the past. This is where the invention intervenes, which changes the conditions of FIG. 2 in the sense of FIG. 3 following successful actuation of the lock 20 by the key 10. The following can be seen in detail from this.

. In Fig. 3 , die auf die Verhältnisse zu einem etwas späteren Zeitpunkt gegenüber Fig. 2 Bezug nimmt, soll die Lage 70' des Zählstands im Schloß 20 in der Zahlenfolge Zx sich auf den voraussichtlich gegenüber Fig. 1 etwas abweichenden nachfolgenden Wert N' verändert haben. Das Repetier glied 57 im Schloß 20 ist von der erfolgreichen Vergleichsarbeit des Gliedes 40 informiert und hat den Fangbereich jetzt auf die aus Fig. 3 ersichtliche Minimalgröße 73' reduziert. Beachtenswert ist, daß, ausgehend vom aktuellen Zählstand N' der Minimal-Fangbereich 73' unsymmetrisch liegt. Es ist lediglich ein kleiner in die Zukunft gerichteter Zeitraum 76' in den Minimal-Fangbereich 73' integriert, während eine in die Vergangenheit weisende Achse, wie sie im Fangbereich 73 durch den Zeitraum 77 repräsentiert wurde, hier ganz weggefallen ist. Die obere Grenze 74' des Fangbereichs geht im vorliegenden Fall nur um eine Zahl weiter bis zum Wert(N' + n).Die untere Grenze fällt mit dem aktuellen Zählstand 70' zusammen. Die untere Grenze 75' dieses Minimal-Fangbereichs 73' ist durch den aktuellen Zählstand N' des Gebers 23 im Schloß 20 bestimmt, weshalb in Fig.3 diese wirksame Stelle auf der Zeitachse eingekreist ist.. In FIG. 3, which refers to the situation at a somewhat later point in time compared to FIG. 2, the position 70 'of the count in the lock 20 in the sequence of numbers Z x should change to the subsequent value N' which is likely to differ somewhat from FIG. have changed. The repeater link 57 in the lock 20 is informed of the successful comparison work of the link 40 and has now reduced the catch area to the minimum size 73 'shown in FIG. 3. It is noteworthy that, starting from the current count N ', the minimum capture range 73' is asymmetrical. Only a small future-oriented period 76 'is integrated into the minimal catch area 73', while an axis pointing to the past, as represented by the period 77 in the catch area 73, has been completely omitted here. In the present case, the upper limit 74 'of the catch range only goes one number up to the value (N' + n). The lower limit coincides with the current count 70 '. The lower limit 75 'of this minimum capture range 73' is determined by the current count N 'of the transmitter 23 in the lock 20, which is why this effective point is encircled on the time axis in FIG.

Diese Veränderung des Fangbereichs zwischen Fig. 2. und 3 findet sogleich nach wirksam gewordener Betätigung des Schlosses durch den Schlüssel 10 statt. Dabei hat die angenommene Angleichung des Zählstands im Schloß 20 auf diejenige des Schlüssels 10 stattgefunden, wobei dieser Zählstand, wie im Zusammenhang mit Fig.2 bei 71 erläutert wurde, erfolgreich war. Bei den nun eingetretenen Verhältnissen der Fig.3 gehört dieser Zustand der Vergangenheit an und liegt mindestens an der durch den Pfeil 71' gekennzeichneten Stelle der Zahlenfolge Zx. Dieser Wert liegt in jedem Fall außerhalb des nun geltenden Minimal-Fangbereichs 73' und kann daher von dem Unbefugten nicht zum. Aufbruch des Schlosses 20 verwendet werden.This change in the catch area between FIGS. 2 and 3 takes place immediately after the lock 10 has been activated by the key 10. The assumed adjustment of the count in lock 20 to that of key 10 has taken place, this count, as explained in connection with FIG. 2 at 71, being successful. 3, this state is a thing of the past and is at least at the point of the number sequence Z x indicated by arrow 71 '. This value is in in any case outside the now applicable minimum capture range 73 'and can therefore not be accessed by the unauthorized person. Opening of the lock 20 can be used.

Die in Fig. 3 herrschenden Verhältnisse bei der erfindungsgemäßen Schließeinrichtung ändern sich erst dann, wenn eine längere Ruhezeit verstrichen ist, innerhalb welcher der Schlüssel 10 gegenüber dem Schloß 20 nicht mehr wirksam gewesen ist. Dann ist nämlich wieder ein Gangunterschied zwischen den beidseitigen Gebern 13 und 23 zu erwarten, weshalb dann verständlicherweise auch der Fangbereich erweitert sein sollte. Zweckmäßigerweise geschieht auch dies schrittweise, indem, ausgehend vom Minimal-Fangbereich 73', im Laufe der weiter anhaltenden Ruhezeit immer mehr vergangene und künftige Zahlen der Zahlenfolge Zx, ausgehend von dem jeweils aktuellen Zählstand N, in den Fangbereich aufgenommen werden. Es liegt schließlich wieder der Fangbereich 73 von Fig. 2 vor. Es ist möglich, für diese Ausweitung des Fangbereiches 73 infolge weiter anwachsender Ruhezeit äußerste Grenzen 74, 75 vorzusehen, über die hinweg sich der Fangbereich nicht mehr erweitern soll.The prevailing conditions in FIG. 3 in the locking device according to the invention only change when a longer rest period has elapsed, within which the key 10 has no longer been effective with respect to the lock 20. Then a path difference between the transmitters 13 and 23 on both sides is to be expected again, which is why the catch range should then also be understandably expanded. This is also expediently carried out step by step, starting from the minimum catch area 73 ', in the course of the persistent rest period, more and more past and future numbers of the number sequence Z x , starting from the current count N, are included in the catch area. Finally, the catch area 73 of FIG. 2 is again available. It is possible to provide extreme limits 74, 75 for this expansion of the catch area 73 as a result of the increasing rest period, beyond which the catch area should no longer expand.

Die geschilderten Verhältnisse gelten nur gegenüber einem bestimmten Schlüssel 10 und seinem Schloß 20. In jenen Fällen, wo mehrere eigenständige Schlüssel 10' und 10" dem gleichen Schloß 20 zugeordnet sind, treten die Verhältnisse bezogen auf jeden individuellen Schlüssel 10', 10" auf. Diese Schlüssel haben, wie bereits beschrieben wurde, einen anderen Initialisierungscode, der sich bei Übersendung des eigenen Signals 30', 30" bemerkbar macht. Trotz des gleichen Schlosses 20 sind die Signale 30 bis 30" der verschiedenen Schlüssel 10 bis 10" zueinander unterschiedlich. Dies gilt insbesondere hinsichtlich des jeweiligen Zählstands im Zahlenfolge-Geber 13 des jeweiligen Schlüssels, der es beim Schloß 20 erforderlich macht, für jedes Schloß einen eigenen Geber 23 bis 23' vorzusehen. Deshalb ist es in der Praxis ohne weiteres möglich, daß z.B. wegen einer sehr seltenen Betätigung des Schlüssels 10" dort ein maximaler Fangbereich 73 im Sinne der Fig. 1 herrscht, während aufgrund einer angenommenen häufigen Betätigung des anderen Schlüssels 10 hier ein Minimal-Fangbereich 73' im Sinne der Fig. 2 vorliegt. Über den Initialisierungscode weiß das Schloß 20, welcher der Geber 23 bis 23' für diese Auswertung wirksam zu setzen ist. Darüber ist auch das Repetierglied 57 informiert, das dementsprechend unterschiedlich große Fangbereiche 73 bzw. 73' vorsieht.The relationships described apply only to a specific key 10 and its lock 20. In those cases where several independent keys 10 'and 10 "are assigned to the same lock 20, the relationships occur with respect to each individual key 10', 10". As already described, these keys have a different initialization code, which is noticeable when the own signal 30 ', 30 "is transmitted. Despite the same lock 20, the signals 30 to 30" of the different keys 10 to 10 "are different from one another. This applies in particular with regard to the respective count in the sequence encoder 13 of the respective key, which makes it necessary for the lock 20 to provide a separate encoder 23 to 23 'for each lock. In practice, it is therefore easily possible, for example, because of a very rare actuation of the key 10 "there is a maximum catch area 73 in the sense of FIG. 1, whereas due to an assumed frequent actuation of the other key 10 there is a minimum catch area 73 'in the sense of FIG. 2. The lock 20 knows via the initialization code which of the transmitters 23 to 23 'is to be set effective for this evaluation. Repeater 57 is also informed of this and accordingly provides catch areas 73 and 73 'of different sizes.

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

  • 10, 10', 10" - Schlüssel10, 10 ', 10 "keys
  • 11 - Oszillator11 - oscillator
  • 12 - Taktgeber12 - clock
  • 13 - Zahlenfolge-Geber13 - Sequence encoder
  • 14 - erster Eingang (von 15)14 - first entrance (out of 15)
  • 15 - Rechner15 - calculator
  • 16 - zweiter Eingang (von 15)16 - second entrance (of 15)
  • 17 - Festwertspeicher17 - Read-only memory
  • 18 - Sender18 - transmitter
  • 19 - Ausgang19 - exit
  • 20 - Schloß20 - castle
  • 21 - Oszillator21 - oscillator
  • 22 - Taktgeber22 - clock
  • 23, 2', 23" - Zahlenfolge-Geber23, 2 ', 23 "- sequence generator
  • 24 - erster Eingang (von 25)24 - first entrance (out of 25)
  • 25 - Rechner25 - calculator
  • 26 - zweiter Eingang (von 25)26 - second entrance (of 25)
  • 27 - festwertspeicher 27 - Festwertspeicher27 - read-only memory 27 - read-only memory
  • 28 - Empfänger28 - Receiver
  • 29 - Zerleger29 - Disassembler
  • 30, 30', 30" - IR-Signal, Kombinationscode-Signal30, 30 ', 30 "- IR signal, combination code signal
  • 30"' - Voraussignal mit Initialisierungscode30 "'advance signal with initialization code
  • 31 - Taste31 button
  • 32 - Betätiger32 - actuator
  • 33 - Initialisierungscode-Geber 34 - Leitung33 - Initialization code transmitter 34 - Line
  • 35 - Leitung35 - line
  • 36 - Diskriminator36 - discriminator
  • 37,37', 37" - Schalter'37.37 ', 37 "switch'
  • 38 - Leitungsverteilung38 - Line distribution
  • 39 - Ausgang39 - exit
  • 40 - Vergleichsglied40 - comparator
  • 41 - Signalleitung41 - signal line
  • 42 - Speicher42 - memory
  • 43 - Ablaufsteuer5ung43 - Sequence control
  • 44 - Stellbewegung von 4544 - actuating movement of 45
  • 45 - Riegel45 - latch
  • 46 - erstes Stellmittel, Türsperre46 - first actuating device, door lock
  • 47 - zweites Stellmittel47 - second actuating means
  • 48 - Synchronisierglied (von 10)48 - synchronizer (out of 10)
  • 49 - Synchronisierglied (von 20)49 - synchronizer (of 20)
  • 50 - Stelleitung50 - position management
  • 51 - Leitung51 - line
  • 52 - Leitung52 - line
  • 53 - Leitung53 - line
  • 54 - Leitung54 - line
  • 55 - Schalter55 - switch
  • 56 - Stelleitung56 - Position management
  • 57 - Repetierglied57 - repeater
  • 58 - Leitung58 - line
  • 59 - Leitung59 - line
  • 60 - mechanisches Schließsystem60 - mechanical locking system
  • 61 - mechanischer Schlüssel61 - mechanical key
  • 62 - Schlüsselaufnahme (für 61)62 - key holder (for 61)
  • 63 Steuerleitung63 control line
  • 64 Schalter64 switches
  • 65 Dechiffrierglied65 deciphering element
  • 66 Stelleitung66 Management
  • 67, 67', 67" Schalter67, 67 ', 67 "switch
  • 68 Leitung68 management
  • 69 Zeitdifferenz zwischen 70, 71 von Fig. 269 time difference between 70, 71 of FIG. 2
  • 70 Pfeil der Zählstand-Lage von 2070 Arrow of the count position of 20
  • in Fig. 2in Fig. 2
  • 70' Pfeil der Zählstand-lage von 20 in70 'Arrow of 20 in
  • Fig. 3Fig. 3
  • 71 Pfeil der Zählstand-Lage von 1071 Arrow of the count position of 10
  • in Fig. 2in Fig. 2
  • 71' Zählstand eines abgehörten Signals in Fig. 371 'count of a monitored signal in FIG. 3
  • 7272
  • 73 Fangbereich in Fig. 273 catch area in FIG. 2
  • 73' Minimal-Fangbereich in Fig. 373 'minimum catch area in FIG. 3
  • 74 oberer Grenzwert von 7374 upper limit of 73
  • 74' oberer Grenzwert von 73'74 'upper limit of 73'
  • 75 unterer Grenzwert von 7375 lower limit of 73
  • 75' unterer Grenzwert von 73'75 'lower limit of 73'
  • 76 zukünftige Zahlen von 7376 future numbers from 73
  • 76' zukünftige Zahlen von 73'76 'future numbers of 73'
  • 77 vergangene Zahlen von 73 t Zeitachse77 past figures of 73 t timeline
  • Δt zeitlicher Abstand zwischen zwei Zahlen H aktueller Zählstand in Fig. 2Δt time interval between two numbers H current count in FIG. 2
  • H' aktueller Zählstand von Fig. 3H 'current count of FIG. 3
  • n Differenzwert benachbarter Zahlenn Differential value of neighboring numbers
  • Zx Zahlenfolge in 13, 23 bis 23"Z x sequence of numbers in 13, 23 to 23 "

Claims (10)

1. An electronic locking arrangement for motor vehicles, comprising an electrical lock (20) on the motor vehicle for controlling one or more operating means (46, 47) disposed in the vehicle, for example for securing and releasing a door locking device (46),
and one or more electrical keys (10, 10', 10") which are separate from the motor vehicle and which, after actuation of a trigger (31), automatically co-operate with the lock (20), preferably in a non-contact manner by way of remote-action signals (30) by means of a transmitter (18) and a receiver (28),
wherein both the key (10) and also the lock (20) each have a respective number generator and a respective computer (15, 25) operating in accordance with a feed coincident algorithm, and the lock (20) has a code comparison member (40) for the signal which is ascertained at the lock and for the signal which is received from the key and has means which come into operation in the event of code identity in respect of the two signals, for initiating actuation of the operating means (46, 47),
characterised in that
an identical, continually operating, exact-time oscillator (11, 12) is disposed both in the key (10) and also in the lock (20), both oscillators (11, 21) are connected to an associated number sequence generator. (13; 23', 23", 23) in order to address it in mutually synchronous relationship in a predetermined counting cycle, the two generators (13, 23) each contain the same predetermined number sequence of adequate capacity and means both for the cyclic (12, 22) identical further counting in said cyclically repetitive number sequence and also for the output of the respective time-dependent count condition to one (14, 24) of two inputs of their computer (15, 25), connected to the other input (16, 26) of the computer (15, 25) is a read only memory (17, 27) for an invariable identification number characterising the respective mutually associated lock-key pair,
the two computers (15, 25) have an identical algorithm which links the time-dependent count condition of their number sequence generator (13, 23) and the fixed identification number of their read only memory (17, 27) to provide a coded combination code,
and with means for transmission of the coded combination code as a remote-action signal (30) from the transmitter (18) at the key to the receiver (28) at the lock,
and the lock (20) has a repeat member (57) which, in the event of a failed code comparison (40), acts on its number sequence generator (23) to take the numbers which are adjacent to the present count condition and which are immediately preceding or following from the number sequence and for setting up a respective new combination code with said numbers in the computer (25),
with means for supplying the new combination code to the comparison member (40) for a repeated comparison operation with the combination code signal (30) already received from the key (10),
and with means which come into operation in the event of successful comparison for automatic correction of the number sequence generator (23) at the lock to the count condition of the number sequence generator (13) at the key.
2. A locking arrangement according to claim 1 characterised in that the key (20) has a memory (33) for an initialisation code (30"') which is to be transmitted preferably in coded mode prior to the transmission of the combination code signal and which is composed of an address code which characterises the respective mutually associated lock-key pair (10, 20), for bringing the lock into operation, and/or also a number code (I, II, III) characterising the respective individual key (10) from a group of keys (10 to 10"') belonging to the same lock, for bringing into operation the number sequence generator (23) clearly associated therewith in the lock (20), which can be selected by way of said number code from a suitable plurality of analogous generators (23 to 23"), and/or
finally a control code which triggers specific control functions of the respective key (10) in the lock (20) when, after the transmission (36, 59) and storage (43) at the lock of the respective control data, there is a successful code comparison (40) in respect of the subsequent combination code signals (30) at the lock and the key, wherein said control functions differ in relation to the lock functions of other keys which also fit (key hierarchy; memory)
and the lock (10) has a discriminator (36) which analyses the initialisation code (30"') and which is connected to the corresponding components (37, 67, 43) of the lock (20).
3. A locking arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised on the one hand by a synchronisation number (48) in the lock (10), which responds upon key actuation (31), in order, for the purposes of intermediate synchronisation, to give the lock (20) by way of the transmitter (18), besides the combination code signal (30), the information as to the time location between two counting cycles of the number sequence generator (30) at the lock,
and on the other hand by a synchronisation member (49) in the lock (20), which responds upon identity in respect of the two combination code signals (30) to be compared from the key (10) and the lock (20), in order to detect the deviation of the count cycle there and to correct it by suitably advancing or retarding the clock generator (22) there.
4. A locking arrangement according to claim 3 characterised by means which on the one hand in the case of a number sequence generator (13) which is in particular in the form of a counter, take the present count condition preferably from the higher digit positions of the number produced, and means on the other hand which output a given number of base cycles from the clock generator (13), which are preferably characterised by the lower digit positions of the number produced, which are not involved in the operation of forming the present count condition,
and also means responsive to the actuation (31) of the key (10) for transferring the information about the number of said base cycles preferably characterised by the lower digit positions of the number produced from the synchronisation number (40) at the key to the transmitter (18) and for correction of the clock generator (22) at the lock.
5. A locking arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that, for synchronisation of the key and lock count cycle, arranged in the two number sequence generators (13, 23) besides the electrical lock (20) is a mechanical locking system (60) which is connected to its component (23 to 23'), comprising a mechanical key (61) and a key receiving means (62),
with a decoding number (65) in the electrical lock (20), which can be brought into operation by the mechanical locking system (60), for analysis of the received combination code signal and for ascertaining the present counter condition on which that signal is based, in the number sequence which is also known to the generator (23) at the lock, when within a defined time after receipt of the signal (30) at the lock, the mechanical locking system (60) is actuated,
and the generator (23) at the lock is adjustable in respect of its number sequence to the ascertained count condition.
6. A locking arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the time control of the oscillator (11) is effected by way of a quartz.
7. A locking arrangement according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 characterised by means for reducing the extent (73) of the catch range in the repeat member (57) of the lock (20) upon each successful lock actuation (31) by the key (10), to a minimum value (73'),
and by means for extending said extent (73') again only after the expiry of a given rest time in which there is no renewed actuation (31) of the lock (20) by the key (10).
8. A locking arrangement according to claim 7 characterised in that arranged in a lock (20) which co-operates with a plurality of independent keys (10 to 10") are means for separately reducing and extending the catch range (73, 73') for each of said keys (10 to 10").
9. A locking arrangement according to claim 7 or claim 8 characterised by means for increasing the extent (73) of the catch range with increasing rest time, at least as far as given upper and lower limit values (74, 75) in respect of the respective present count condition (N).
10. A locking arrangement according to one or more of claims 7 to 9 characterised by means which, upon a present lock actuation, with respect to the respectively occurring present count condition (10), exclude the numbers (77) which lie behind in respect of time in the number sequence (Zx) and the count condition (N) which has been effective in respect of lock actuation, from the catch range (73') for a given minimum time and which extend the catch range with its minimum value (73') only to the future numbers (76') of the number sequence (Zx).
EP86111113A 1985-09-10 1986-08-12 Electronic locking device for motor vehicles Expired - Lifetime EP0215291B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3532156 1985-09-10
DE19853532156 DE3532156A1 (en) 1985-09-10 1985-09-10 Electronic locking device for motor vehicles
DE3616197 1986-05-14
DE19863616197 DE3616197A1 (en) 1986-05-14 1986-05-14 Electronic locking device for motor vehicles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0215291A1 EP0215291A1 (en) 1987-03-25
EP0215291B1 true EP0215291B1 (en) 1991-02-27

Family

ID=25835805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86111113A Expired - Lifetime EP0215291B1 (en) 1985-09-10 1986-08-12 Electronic locking device for motor vehicles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4723121A (en)
EP (1) EP0215291B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3677676D1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0372791A2 (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Rover Group Limited A vehicle and locking system
EP0559930A1 (en) * 1992-03-10 1993-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of current supply for a motor vehicle locking system receiver
US5623257A (en) * 1992-03-10 1997-04-22 Bachhuber; Anton Method and apparatus for supplying power to the receiver of a motor vehicle locking system
EP0831197A2 (en) * 1987-05-21 1998-03-25 Trw Inc. Remote control system for door locks
EP0880295A2 (en) * 1997-05-21 1998-11-25 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Paging system
US6661333B1 (en) 1998-10-05 2003-12-09 Mr Electronics S.A. Device for controlling a locking system fitted with a clock and method for performing an audit of such a locking system

Families Citing this family (76)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2569641B1 (en) * 1984-08-31 1991-05-03 Kiekert Gmbh Co Kg SAFETY DEVICE AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED USE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
CA1270339A (en) * 1985-06-24 1990-06-12 Katsuya Nakagawa System for determining a truth of software in an information processing apparatus
USRE34161E (en) * 1985-10-04 1993-01-12 Nintendo Company Limited Memory cartridge and information processor unit using such cartridge
JPH074449B2 (en) * 1985-10-04 1995-01-25 任天堂株式会社 Cartridge for game machine and game machine using the same
FR2597538B1 (en) * 1986-04-22 1995-03-31 Soum Rene SECURITY LOCK ASSEMBLY WITH REMOTE CONTROL IN WHICH THE KEY HAS ONLY A TRANSMISSION FUNCTION AND THE RECEPTION LOCK
ES2026498T3 (en) * 1986-08-12 1992-05-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft ELECTRONIC LOCKING INSTALLATION WITH AT LEAST ONE LOCK ESPECIALLY FOR AUTOMOBILES.
JPH0747910B2 (en) * 1986-10-24 1995-05-24 日産自動車株式会社 Remote control device
DE3636822C2 (en) * 1986-10-29 1993-12-23 Ruf Kg Wilhelm Electronic remote control device, in particular for central locking systems of motor vehicles
JPH0747905B2 (en) * 1986-11-14 1995-05-24 本田技研工業株式会社 Anti-theft device for vehicle
JPS63305046A (en) * 1987-06-04 1988-12-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Automatic seat positioning device
US4942393A (en) * 1988-05-27 1990-07-17 Lectron Products, Inc. Passive keyless entry system
US5614885A (en) * 1988-12-05 1997-03-25 Prince Corporation Electrical control system for vehicle options
US5475366A (en) * 1988-12-05 1995-12-12 Prince Corporation Electrical control system for vehicle options
DE3905651A1 (en) * 1989-02-24 1990-08-30 Daimler Benz Ag METHOD FOR SECURING CODE WORDS OF A REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM AND REMOTE CONTROL SYSTEM WITH CODE TRANSFERABLE BY CODE WORDS
US4967366A (en) * 1989-03-06 1990-10-30 Gilbarco Inc. Integrated gasoline dispenser and POS authorization system with unattached pin pad
JP2875019B2 (en) * 1989-05-18 1999-03-24 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシャフト Transmitter-receiver system
US5113182B1 (en) * 1990-01-19 1995-11-07 Prince Corp Vehicle door locking system detecting that all doors are closed
GB9001804D0 (en) * 1990-01-26 1990-03-28 Automatic Button Co The Ltd Dynamic lock and key
WO1991015644A1 (en) * 1990-04-06 1991-10-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Central locking installation for a motor vehicle
US6175312B1 (en) 1990-05-29 2001-01-16 Microchip Technology Incorporated Encoder and decoder microchips and remote control devices for secure unidirectional communication
EP0459781B1 (en) * 1990-05-29 1996-04-17 Microchip Technology Inc. Method and Apparatus for Use in an Access Control System
US5455716A (en) * 1990-08-14 1995-10-03 Prince Corporation Vehicle mirror with electrical accessories
DE59209256D1 (en) * 1991-01-22 1998-05-07 Skidata Ag Device for authorizing the operation of a device with an actuation unit
US5686904A (en) * 1991-05-29 1997-11-11 Microchip Technology Incorporated Secure self learning system
US6166650A (en) * 1991-05-29 2000-12-26 Microchip Technology, Inc. Secure self learning system
US5276294A (en) * 1991-12-10 1994-01-04 Otis Elevator Company Elevator button improved to function as a lock
DE9214097U1 (en) * 1992-07-04 1993-01-07 Boretius, Michael, Dipl.-Ing. (Fh), 8900 Augsburg, De
DE4223258C3 (en) * 1992-07-15 2001-03-15 Telefunken Microelectron Method for verifiable transmission of data
ES2080638B1 (en) * 1992-12-14 1996-09-01 Medina Orencio Robaina UNIVERSAL MULTIPLE KEY LOCK.
ES2080639B1 (en) * 1992-12-31 1996-09-01 Medina Orencio Robaina UNIVERSAL ELECTRONIC KEY WITH MULTIPLE KEYS.
EP0605996B1 (en) * 1993-01-07 2000-01-19 Ford Motor Company Limited Remote controlled security system
DE9304520U1 (en) * 1993-03-25 1994-07-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co Remote control, in particular for a locking device
DE4421496B4 (en) * 1993-10-01 2006-09-07 Marquardt Gmbh Electronic door closing system on a motor vehicle
DE4403998A1 (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-10 Rohde & Schwarz Remote control system for mines
JPH07303286A (en) * 1994-05-06 1995-11-14 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Controller using transmitter/receiver
US5594428A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-01-14 Digital Security Controls Ltd. Combination security unit
US5920270A (en) * 1994-07-22 1999-07-06 Digital Security Controls Ltd. Security system remote control
JP3319230B2 (en) * 1994-08-05 2002-08-26 株式会社デンソー Remote control device
DE4430315C2 (en) * 1994-08-26 1997-10-23 Telefunken Microelectron Method for operating a locking system for lockable objects
US5841866A (en) * 1994-09-30 1998-11-24 Microchip Technology Incorporated Secure token integrated circuit and method of performing a secure authentication function or transaction
DE4440349A1 (en) * 1994-11-11 1996-05-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Method for synchronizing two dialog-capable transceiver units for a code signal in a motor vehicle locking system
US6980655B2 (en) * 2000-01-21 2005-12-27 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
US7492905B2 (en) 1995-05-17 2009-02-17 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
EP0771498B1 (en) 1995-05-17 2007-05-09 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
US6690796B1 (en) * 1995-05-17 2004-02-10 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Rolling code security system
US6320493B1 (en) 1995-06-05 2001-11-20 Advance Security Inc. Remote control security system for automobile issuing a fixed basic code and two variable codes
US6191701B1 (en) 1995-08-25 2001-02-20 Microchip Technology Incorporated Secure self learning system
US6071191A (en) * 1995-11-22 2000-06-06 Nintendo Co., Ltd. Systems and methods for providing security in a video game system
US6190257B1 (en) 1995-11-22 2001-02-20 Nintendo Co., Ltd. Systems and method for providing security in a video game system
ATE218233T1 (en) * 1996-03-22 2002-06-15 Activcard ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM TO A FUNCTION INCLUDING A CLOCK SYNCHRONIZING DEVICE
FR2747814B1 (en) * 1996-04-17 1998-06-05 Activcard SYSTEM FOR ACCESSING A FUNCTION COMPRISING A CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION DEVICE
US5933090A (en) * 1996-08-23 1999-08-03 Ut Automotive Dearborn, Inc. Method and apparatus for field programming a remote control system
US6049289A (en) * 1996-09-06 2000-04-11 Overhead Door Corporation Remote controlled garage door opening system
US6108326A (en) * 1997-05-08 2000-08-22 Microchip Technology Incorporated Microchips and remote control devices comprising same
US5883443A (en) * 1997-06-27 1999-03-16 Ut Automotive Dearborn, Inc. Countermeasure method and system for securing a remote keyless entry system
US6557977B1 (en) * 1997-07-15 2003-05-06 Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd Shape memory alloy ink jet printing mechanism
US6657535B1 (en) * 1998-08-31 2003-12-02 Hawkeye Global, Inc. System for signaling a device at a remote location
DE19957536C2 (en) * 1999-11-30 2003-04-03 Siemens Ag Anti-theft system for a motor vehicle and method for operating an anti-theft system
DE19957549C2 (en) 1999-11-30 2002-04-25 Siemens Ag Anti-theft protection system for a motor vehicle and method for operating an anti-theft protection system
WO2001066886A1 (en) * 2000-03-09 2001-09-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Transmitting and receiving method, especially for detecting an id transmitter
AU2002220286A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-07-01 Azoteq (Pty) Ltd. Method of and apparatus for transferring data
GB2376116A (en) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-04 Nicholas Paul Stevens Locking system using real-time clocks to produce release code and checking code
DE10151034B4 (en) * 2001-10-16 2004-02-05 Siemens Ag Anti-theft system, method for operating an anti-theft system and components of an anti-theft system
DE10230098A1 (en) * 2002-07-04 2004-02-19 Siemens Ag Method for authenticating a first object to at least one further object, in particular a vehicle to at least one key
US7034714B2 (en) * 2003-01-31 2006-04-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Vehicle high security piggyback modules
US8422667B2 (en) 2005-01-27 2013-04-16 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Method and apparatus to facilitate transmission of an encrypted rolling code
US9148409B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2015-09-29 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Method and apparatus to facilitate message transmission and reception using different transmission characteristics
JP4881095B2 (en) * 2006-07-28 2012-02-22 株式会社東海理化電機製作所 Key system
US20080143476A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Physimetric authentication of physical object by digital identification (DID)
CN105678989B (en) * 2015-12-31 2021-04-20 深圳一电航空技术有限公司 Remote controller
US9959690B2 (en) 2016-06-22 2018-05-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Expanding time window for remote commands
US10853474B2 (en) * 2017-07-31 2020-12-01 Dell Products, L.P. System shipment lock
US10652743B2 (en) 2017-12-21 2020-05-12 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Security system for a moveable barrier operator
US11074773B1 (en) 2018-06-27 2021-07-27 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. Network-based control of movable barrier operators for autonomous vehicles
US11423717B2 (en) 2018-08-01 2022-08-23 The Chamberlain Group Llc Movable barrier operator and transmitter pairing over a network
US10997810B2 (en) 2019-05-16 2021-05-04 The Chamberlain Group, Inc. In-vehicle transmitter training

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846622A (en) * 1972-09-29 1974-11-05 Mosler Safe Co Access control apparatus
CA1101513A (en) * 1976-11-08 1981-05-19 Leonard J. Genest Security system
US4143368A (en) * 1977-12-05 1979-03-06 General Motors Corporation Vehicle operator security system
JPS5715779A (en) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-27 Iwasaki Electronics Electronic lock
US4403869A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-09-13 Timex Corporation Electro-optic identifiction code system in a timepiece
GB2092344B (en) * 1981-01-30 1985-12-18 Halpern John Wolfgang Security in electronic fund transfer systems
DE3136461A1 (en) * 1981-09-15 1983-03-31 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München METHOD FOR SECURE TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL SIGNALS
DE3224547A1 (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf IMPROVED METHOD FOR PRODUCING EXOCELLULAR BIOPOLYMERS
DE3225754A1 (en) * 1982-07-09 1984-01-12 Hülsbeck & Fürst GmbH & Co KG, 5620 Velbert METHOD FOR THE LOCKING EFFECTIVE INTERACTION OF A KEY-LIKE PART WITH A LOCK-LIKE PART
DE3244049C2 (en) * 1982-11-27 1986-06-26 Kiekert GmbH & Co KG, 5628 Heiligenhaus Central locking system for a motor vehicle
JPH0658670B2 (en) * 1983-08-01 1994-08-03 沖電気工業株式会社 Automatic trading system
US4686529A (en) * 1984-01-06 1987-08-11 Kiekert Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft Remote-control lock system

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0831197A2 (en) * 1987-05-21 1998-03-25 Trw Inc. Remote control system for door locks
EP0372791A2 (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Rover Group Limited A vehicle and locking system
EP0372791A3 (en) * 1988-12-06 1990-07-18 Rover Group Limited A vehicle and locking system
EP0559930A1 (en) * 1992-03-10 1993-09-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method of current supply for a motor vehicle locking system receiver
US5623257A (en) * 1992-03-10 1997-04-22 Bachhuber; Anton Method and apparatus for supplying power to the receiver of a motor vehicle locking system
EP0880295A2 (en) * 1997-05-21 1998-11-25 Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Paging system
US6661333B1 (en) 1998-10-05 2003-12-09 Mr Electronics S.A. Device for controlling a locking system fitted with a clock and method for performing an audit of such a locking system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4723121A (en) 1988-02-02
EP0215291A1 (en) 1987-03-25
DE3677676D1 (en) 1991-04-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0215291B1 (en) Electronic locking device for motor vehicles
DE3532156C2 (en)
EP0098437B1 (en) Electronic locking device with key and lock parts interacting by means of electric pulses
DE3636822C2 (en) Electronic remote control device, in particular for central locking systems of motor vehicles
DE4428947C1 (en) Coded remote operation of vehicle central locking system
DE3305685C2 (en) Identification mark for a communication device as well as communication device and communication system
DE2822522C2 (en)
EP0410024B1 (en) Electronic locking system
EP0103791A2 (en) Coding method for an electronic key
DE3503177A1 (en) PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC LOCK
EP0437757B1 (en) Device for monitoring the passage of individuals in a corridor
WO1994018036A1 (en) Remote-controlled protection system for a motor vehicle
EP1006248B1 (en) Remote-controlled access control device, in particular for a motor vehicle and portable transponder therefor
DE3407436A1 (en) METHOD FOR SECURING THE CODE OF AN ELECTRONIC KEY
EP0219060B1 (en) Security device for an automotive vehicle
DE4234822A1 (en) Remote control for motor vehicle central locking - transmits code by electronic key formed by mixing selected code with fixed code sequence
DE3234859A1 (en) KEY DEPOT
EP0761917B1 (en) Key for motor vehicle
DE19706898A1 (en) Motor vehicle with electronic anti-theft device
DE4227887C1 (en) Vehicle remote central door locking system - uses code-timing generators with synchronised code pulse counters in transmitter and receiver for variable code-word recognition.
DE3616197C2 (en)
DE4141766A1 (en) Electronic data transmission protection for remote control device - using synchronised time counting at transmitter and receiver to block operation by recorded remote control data signal
DE10202802B4 (en) Data transfer system
EP0879160B2 (en) Motor vehicle anti-theft device and method
DE2635180B2 (en) Process for the electronically controlled release of door, safe and function locks using electronically coded keys and a circuit arrangement for carrying out the process

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19870309

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19891027

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3677676

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910404

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
K2C1 Correction of patent specification (title page) published

Effective date: 19910227

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20020717

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20020809

Year of fee payment: 17

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030812

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20030812

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20050808

Year of fee payment: 20