EP1258536A1 - Procédé de purification du sodium - Google Patents
Procédé de purification du sodium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1258536A1 EP1258536A1 EP02356088A EP02356088A EP1258536A1 EP 1258536 A1 EP1258536 A1 EP 1258536A1 EP 02356088 A EP02356088 A EP 02356088A EP 02356088 A EP02356088 A EP 02356088A EP 1258536 A1 EP1258536 A1 EP 1258536A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- calcium
- inert gas
- content
- nitrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000005393 Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010006431 Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium peroxide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][O-] PFUVRDFDKPNGAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for purifying industrial grade sodium. to significantly reduce its calcium content.
- Sodium produced industrially by electrolysis of sodium chloride melted generally has a calcium content of 400 to 500 ppm. This content is greater than the solubility limit of calcium in molten sodium at usual temperatures of use in the industry, so that one risks a deposit of calcium in installations transporting liquid sodium. In addition, for some applications, such as in the nuclear field, this purity is insufficient and, for this reason, different purification methods have been proposed and implemented for several decades.
- Patent FR1484647 filed in 1965 by the French Atomic Energy Commission, has describes the use of sodium peroxide to remove calcium. The process is to mix sodium and peroxide in a reactor at a temperature between 200 and 300 ° C with vigorous stirring, and to eliminate solid lime particles by filtration. We can thus obtain sodium under 10 ppm calcium.
- Patent FR 1214176 to du Pont de Nemours published in 1960, describes a method of sodium purification consisting of mixing molten sodium at a temperature below 300 ° C with an inert gas, in particular nitrogen, containing from 0.1 to 2%, and preferably 0.1 to 0.5% oxygen, the gas being recycled after passage.
- an inert gas in particular nitrogen, containing from 0.1 to 2%, and preferably 0.1 to 0.5% oxygen, the gas being recycled after passage.
- the patent indicates that adding water vapor to the inert gas instead of oxygen is ineffective because it does not help to make the insoluble calcium to separate it by filtration, decantation or centrifugation.
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for the purification of sodium by oxidation. simpler, cheaper and at least as effective as calcium prior art.
- the object of the invention is a process for the purification of technical sodium consisting bringing the liquid sodium into contact at a temperature equal to or greater than 150 ° C, inside a static mixer, with a flow of inert gas towards the sodium charged with water vapor in stoichiometric quantity necessary to oxidize the calcium so as to lower its content to the desired content, and then to separate the sodium purified from inert gas, and from hydrogen and lime produced by the reaction.
- the invention is based on the finding made by the plaintiff that, in certain conditions of implementation, and contrary to the teaching of the FR patent 1214176, the use of water vapor as an oxidant for calcium could lead to simple and efficient sodium purification.
- the process is based on the oxidation reaction: Ca + H 2 O ⁇ CaO + H 2 .
- the quantity of water required for a given quantity of sodium is the stoichiometric quantity corresponding to the calcium that we want to eliminate, that is to say the difference between the starting calcium content and that which we aim at. arrival.
- the process being continuous, this supposes that the ratio K between the water flow rate and the sodium flow rate is kept almost constant. The operation is done in a static mixer favoring a good exchange between liquid sodium and gases.
- the inert gas which is preferably nitrogen, but may also be argon, has the function on the one hand of diluting the steam and bringing it into contact with sodium, and on the other hand of 'ensure the evacuation of the hydrogen formed by the reaction.
- the amount of nitrogen required per gram of water is preferably between 30 and 40 dm 3 / g. This quantity is clearly lower than that mentioned in patent FR 1214176, which recommends a ratio of the volume of dispersion gas to the volume of sodium of between 20 and 200, while the quantity mentioned above leads, for an almost complete purification. in calcium, at a ratio of around 6. This makes it possible to avoid gas recycling, which greatly simplifies the installation.
- the temperature of the liquid sodium in the mixer must be equal to or higher than 150 ° C to avoid any risk of fouling of the mixer. It is best to avoid excessively high temperatures, for example above 250 ° C, both for safety reasons and to avoid corrosion of the installation.
- the purified sodium is first separated from the gases through a degasser, then lime by filtration.
- the single figure is a block diagram of the method according to the invention.
- the example relates to a pilot installation using the method according to the invention.
- the technical sodium is conveyed to the static mixer (1) using a pump (2)
- the water is sent, using a pump (3) to an evaporator (4) to a temperature regulated at 130 ° C.
- With the pump (3) is associated a regulation in function of the sodium flow measured by a flow meter, so as to keep the report K.
- the dry nitrogen is sent, through a flow meter (5) to the evaporator (4).
- the wet nitrogen is then directed to the static mixer (1) in a pipe traced and insulated to avoid condensation of water.
- a non-return valve on this same pipe prevents the passage of sodium to the evaporator (4).
- Purified sodium containing precipitated lime and nitrogen with hydrogen from reaction passes through a degasser (6), where it releases nitrogen and hydrogen, then to through filters (7) to separate the lime.
- the installation is started with dry nitrogen, no water being introduced until the normal sodium flow is reached.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- Procédé de purification du sodium pour diminuer sa teneur en calcium consistant à mettre en contact le sodium liquide, à une température égale ou supérieure à 150°C, à l'intérieur d'un mélangeur statique, avec un courant de gaz inerte vis-à-vis du sodium chargé de vapeur d'eau en quantité stoechiométrique nécessaire pour oxyder le calcium de manière à abaisser sa teneur à la teneur souhaitée, et à séparer ensuite le sodium purifié du gaz inerte, et de l'hydrogène et de la chaux produits par la réaction.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel le gaz inerte est l'azote ou l'argon.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel le sodium est filtré pour séparer la chaux.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 dans lequel le débit d'eau est régulé en fonction du débit de sodium de manière à maintenir leur rapport constant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0106458A FR2824845B1 (fr) | 2001-05-16 | 2001-05-16 | Procede de purification du sodium |
| FR0106458 | 2001-05-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1258536A1 true EP1258536A1 (fr) | 2002-11-20 |
| EP1258536B1 EP1258536B1 (fr) | 2004-07-07 |
Family
ID=8863352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02356088A Expired - Lifetime EP1258536B1 (fr) | 2001-05-16 | 2002-05-13 | Procédé de purification du sodium |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6773483B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1258536B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4180836B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1239722C (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE270716T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60200705T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2824845B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116949515A (zh) | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-27 | 北京化工大学 | 高纯钠的制备和高钙钠渣安全处理的方法 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1214176A (fr) * | 1958-09-02 | 1960-04-07 | Du Pont | Procédé de séparation calcium-sodium |
| FR2251627A1 (fr) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-06-13 | Metaux Speciaux Sa |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2054316A (en) * | 1933-08-29 | 1936-09-15 | Du Pont | Separation of metals |
| US2863757A (en) | 1956-12-23 | 1958-12-09 | Du Pont | Process for the removal of calcium from sodium |
-
2001
- 2001-05-16 FR FR0106458A patent/FR2824845B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-05-09 JP JP2002133702A patent/JP4180836B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-13 EP EP02356088A patent/EP1258536B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-13 DE DE60200705T patent/DE60200705T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-13 AT AT02356088T patent/ATE270716T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-15 CN CN02119300.2A patent/CN1239722C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-16 US US10/146,067 patent/US6773483B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1214176A (fr) * | 1958-09-02 | 1960-04-07 | Du Pont | Procédé de séparation calcium-sodium |
| FR2251627A1 (fr) * | 1973-11-16 | 1975-06-13 | Metaux Speciaux Sa |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1258536B1 (fr) | 2004-07-07 |
| DE60200705T2 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
| ATE270716T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
| JP4180836B2 (ja) | 2008-11-12 |
| CN1389585A (zh) | 2003-01-08 |
| FR2824845A1 (fr) | 2002-11-22 |
| DE60200705D1 (de) | 2004-08-12 |
| US20020170390A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
| CN1239722C (zh) | 2006-02-01 |
| JP2003041329A (ja) | 2003-02-13 |
| FR2824845B1 (fr) | 2003-06-27 |
| US6773483B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
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