EP1252432A2 - Directly controlled fuel injection device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel injection device for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, comprising a nozzle part (5) with an injection nozzle (13), said nozzle part having a pressure chamber (10) in which a nozzle needle (9) that closes the injection nozzle (13) is guided. Said nozzle needle can be moved into the opening position when subjected to pressure by the fuel to be injected. The pressure chamber (10) is connected to a control part (7) by a connecting channel (6), this control part having a valve chamber (21) into which the connecting channel (6) and a high pressure channel (8) that is connected to a fuel supply (4) open, and in which a valve body (23) is guided. Said valve body (23) acts as a piston system and is held in the closing position by a valve spring and a valve seat (22). The nozzle part also comprises an actuator part (20) which is functionally connected to the valve body (23) and which when activated, moves said valve body in the opening direction and releases the through-flow from the high pressure channel (8) into the connecting channel (6).

Description

Description: Directly controlled fuel injection device for a piston internal combustion engine

description

Fuel injection devices designed as so-called common rail systems for a piston internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection essentially consist of a nozzle part with an injection nozzle, which has a nozzle needle that closes the injection nozzle and can be moved into the open position by means of servo hydraulics when pressure is applied by the fuel to be injected. The required admission pressure is via the high pressure part of the fuel supply, i. H. removed the common rail. The injection pressure can be influenced very flexibly via the pressure specification in the common rail, and the timing and duration of the injection can also be set with great flexibility by controlling a servo valve and thus the nozzle needle.

However, with the previously known systems, you don't just want that

Injection quantity measured by a corresponding control of the opening time but you also want to shape the injection rate, d. H. the injection quantity per unit of time varies during the opening time, the stroke of the nozzle needle must be controlled. Here, however, the hydraulic energy of the flowing fuel immediately before the injection hole of the injection nozzle is converted into turbulence by the so-called seat throttling, which occurs particularly with a smaller needle stroke, since the free flow cross-section between the nozzle needle and the nozzle needle seat changes as a function of the stroke

Throttle works. The resulting increased turbulence of the flowing fuel in the area of the injection hole influences the mixture formation, so that there is no "real" rate control. This is disadvantageous in the case of direct fuel injection, ie when the fuel is injected directly into the cylinder space. As a result, the turbulence increase described above is, for example, with small injection quantities

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valve system forming the other hand is connected and which can be adjusted via the actuator. The arrangement of such a pressure divider in the control part makes it possible to dynamically set the injection pressure desired in each case. Depending on the design, the arrangement can be such that, depending on the type of actuator used, the injection pressure in front of a pressure-controlled injection nozzle can be adjusted via the actuating path of the actuator or via the force of the actuator.

Further features and configurations of the invention can be found in the patent claims and the following description of exemplary embodiments.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 is a circuit diagram of a fuel injection device,

2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve with a nozzle part and control part,

3 shows a modified embodiment of the control part,

4 shows a further modification of the control part,

5 on a larger scale, the detail A in Fig. 4,

6 shows a modified embodiment with a pressure divider integrated in the control part,

Fig. 7 shows the pressure divider. 6 on a larger scale,

8 shows an embodiment of the pressure divider with support piston,

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H 3 3 r + Φ h Φ Φ σs Φ 3 tr 3 a ZX 3 cn μ- Φ φ Ω H • Φ Φ a P α μ- P a rt cn cn 3 3 ^* X ü 3 3 μ- to d = d ii 3 d

Φ rt rt KΩ rt P cn d Φ μ- a ιQ cn a P 3

Φ Φ "« • 3 μ- d 3 d Φ Φ d = • Ω

<3 Φ μ- <Q Ω 3 3 a O: H 3 Ω d

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LQ 0 Φ a μ- Φ ta 3 φ Φ 3 d μ- rt σ 3

Φ Ό μ- «μ- 3 ^* μ- a 5 ⁾ since Ω cn d = 3 er O cn h Φ Φ § a rt P φ Φ X rt s: cn φ a μ- φ P 3 Φ μ- 3 er σ Φ Φ rt Φ μ ^j rt cn 3 3 φ d uQ d Φ Φ σ 3 _^ 3 a μ- cn rt μ- μ- Ir ¹ 3 Φ a 3 μ- P Φ a 3

Φ 0 O cn Ω rt Φ X σ rt cn Φ ιQ d μ- Φ P cn <rt 3 rt 3 ^* Ω P d = Φ rt α 3 a 0 φ

PPO a X 3 cn h Φ d = li cn a Φ μ- μ ^j d μ- φ P 3 Φ cn H er d Ω Φ X μ ^j a er cn cn 3 li • 3 Ω μ- Φ Ω "3 PP μ - rt ιQ rt Φ 3 tr rt 3 ii X X- ¹ 3 cn ta 3

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Φ P X a 3 μ- 3 3 O Φ • Ω μ- d a P φ μ- 3 rt P d = Φ cn

Φ L ü Ω 0 cn cn 3 "o X

Φ ιQ rt P φ a 3 'li a rt rt a ü P μ- Φ _* er ü H a φ ad: φ d μ- d P d 3

3 er LQ P d P ü 3 cn d 3 Φ 3 3 Ω P

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3 Z cn ιQ rt Φ to rt Φ μ- Φ

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Using the control part 7, for example as a throttle valve, there is thus the possibility of influencing the volume flow flowing out of the high-pressure duct 8 into the connecting duct 6 by appropriately setting the opening cross section in the control part 7. Since the nozzle part 5 designed as an injection valve opens completely in the illustrated example when pressure is applied, the volume flow supplied to the nozzle part 5 can be varied during the opening period of the injection nozzle 13 by a corresponding change in the setting of the control part 7.

The structure and function of the control part 7 will be explained in more detail below using various exemplary embodiments.

The actuator 20 is advantageously designed as a so-called solid-state actuator. In this case, a piezoelectric actuator is preferably used, which is designed to be voltage-proportional in relation to its travel or, due to its mechanical flexibility, its positioning force. Instead of a piezoelectric actuator, it is also possible to use a magneto-strictive actuator which is designed to be proportional to the current in relation to its travel. Since solid-state actuators of this type are distinguished by a high switching speed, good controllability of the actuating travel and also large actuating forces and, moreover, act directly or possibly via a hydraulic stroke ratio on the actuating part in the control part 7, this also results in only short opening times for the nozzle part designed as an injection valve 5 the possibility of a targeted shaping of the injection rate, d. H. a targeted change in the volume flow introduced into the combustion chamber of the cylinder in question during the opening time of the injection valve.

While it is fundamentally possible to use the nozzle part 5 and the control part 7 as separate structural units, in

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<<d Φ H. μ- ti to Φ Φ Ω Ω Ω Hi 3 KΩ φ ιQ φ rt 3 a er H. O a to μ- ιQ Φ

Φ Φ H H. er 3 3 "cn X tr 3" er φ • μ- H KΩ H. μ- μ- x- ^y d φ cn to cn H.

3 3 er ti μ- φ ^• > d to rt μ- Φ P 3 LO 3 P Φ 3 Φ d 3 rt tr 3 μ- Ω cn rt rt P rt 3 ad 3 et in φ 3 dr to Φ σ μ- φ 3 cn Ω a rt Φ uα 3 tr rt μ- μ- da <cn a 3 a Φ μ- LΩ Ω P 0 X d cn 3 cn φ φ μ- Φ X x- H μ- d φ P Hi Φ μ- P aa 3 σ cn σ Φ 3 'Φ d X 3 Λ X 3 3 M et μ- cn 3 3 dd: to μ- rt d er φ Φ Φ rt Q) er rt 3 a P ιQ d to P t " ¹ x- ^y d to to 3 rt ιQ rt 3" LO 3 cn Φ 3 H. cn cn 3 P rt μ- P 3 cn Φ LO 3 p: cn cn d

• P cn μ- μ- ii • Φ a sΩ cn μ- Ω Φ Xi d Z cn 3 ta P H. • P 3 XI Ω 3 rt ffi cn d LO 3 Φ Φ rt P! 3 tr μ- Hi rt Φ XI x- ^y P cn μ ¹ x- ^y ι £ t P tr ιQ o

N a> ta Φ ti Ω 3 • 3 tr Φ 3 da H. 3 er H. H cn P 3 Ω Φ 3 x- ^y li da Φ μ- P tr u3 X 3 ^* tr cn μ- Φ s: a Φ Ω d P 3 ^" <! Σs» 3 <

<d rt a φ cn x- ^y <x- ^y rt P Hi a Φ P μ- Φ Ω 3 ^* Ω x- ^y 3 O d Φ φ J

Φ Ω P d φ to Hi Φ Φ a 3 d: d tr P cn 3 tr x- ^y 3 "μ- 3 P cn 3 ta • ioh X d tö 3 μ- O 3 Φ N a 3 ^" li Φ er Φ a φ μ- N σs rt 3 O iQ cn cn μ ^j Xi - ^y Φ ιQ cn ti ti rt rt d li Ω 3 ιQ 3 * _* 3 φ ad rt a cn rt Ω σ p: ti rt to μ- 3 Φ μ- 3 <d "Φ Φ er aa to μ- 3 ti Φ rt a 0) Φ 3 ^J φ cn o X p: σs rt μ- O 3 3 Z μ- cn P Φ cn Φ O Hi Φ P 3 x - ^y OP cn Xi ü rt • N ιQ φ X cn Φ 3 iQ P 0 to rt «Ω H tr ta x- ^y er d μ- o P μ- ιQ to <Φ 3 O: et μ- to μ ¹ cn 3 a 3 Φ σ ii tr Φ * φ d Φ Hi QH d • Ω Φ φ 3 h 3 ^ Hi Φ rt adaa & - d = P μ- d 3 PX 3 3 cn rt 3 d • Ω P 3 σ XI d φ μ- O μ- φ Φ 3 Φ Φ cn μ- cn Hi P Ω ad rt Ω Q μ- 3 Φ d rt d Φ 3 3 ιQ h Ω d x- ιQ • i H rt d Φ rt 3 φ Φ Φ Hi d _^ - «tr

Φ 0 to> D 3 Hl μ- tτl ü ti a. 3 tr Φ et 3 μ- 3 3 cn cn • Ω 3 ιQ P ttf x- ^y Q o Φ <o 3 ιQ Hi ¹

3 d = μ- Ω a φ 3 rt rt φ li rt φ P

Φ P. a er μ- ιQ 3 "t PP to ⁽ TI rt Φ φ H 3 P 0 Φ tr PH d 0 tr Φ ιQ

3 ^ Φ φ 3 "<• LO X h φ tö Φ> μ- dd ιQ a Hi tr Φ 3 μ- 3 h P μ- rt d: cn HH o Φ et μ- tr 3 φ μ- d 3 3 Ω 3 φ Φ H φ 3 ιQ 3 a x- ^y er Φ a φ H. OJ cn <d 3 Φ • N - cn μ- ιQ er x- rt 3 φ cn to et d

Φ H. μ- <a 3 s cn Φ P _^ cn d cn H Φ ta H. P az 3 "XI ao Φ t 3 li 3" Φ φ Φ Φ μ- φ li rt Ω ^ ιQ: a Φ a P KD 3 Φ O ti Φ ti oo a θ: 3 3 σ cn cn ti er O a 3 "μ- cn ~ J tr Φ cn O φ Ω X li tr μ- Ü < _^^ a 3 ^* cn rt μ- Φ rt d ü P ti ιQ N ti 3 rt h cn 3 ^" d: wa Φ rt Φ _^ a

Φ rt Ω μ- 2 Ω tr P 3 cn ta μ- • φ a d a rt σ to μ- 3 N μ] • i t Φ

3 tr x- ^y μ- 3 "φ P da Φ φ μ- P 3 Z a H Φ 3 a X Φ s; li d to Φ rt 3 Hi Φ μ- a tr LO Ω ιQ μ- d Φ 3 Z li "cn σ s: p: C- μ- μ- w 3 μ- a cn cn 3 rt Φ Φ tr LΩ cn H. Ω h rt μ- Xi μ- d -Ω ti 3 ii <μ- a φ Z Φ μ- P • μ- H. 3 Φ Φ φ Hi a X H. a 3 H. ti Ω tr N a Φ

3 ta H. rt a M x- ^y sΩ Φ 3 3 to 0 • Ö P a μ- μ- μ- a X φ rt 3 cn cn XH a N Φ 3 in σ <3 rt et li <d: cn. Φ cn rt rt φ μ- & a rt i O ii a H. cn rt Φ a Φ cn LQ φ 3 φ cn rt Ω N d cn rt a cn P μ- li P d Xi cn x- ^y a li φ 3 XI Φ x- ^y H φ d ω 3 'a X 3, μ- Ω cn μ- a Hi d = Ω li Φ P μ- rt d ti X μ> a σ 3 Ω 3 Ü P aad Φ 3 "X rt P r er X Φ 3 cn Φ σ μ- Hi μ- φ rt φ x- ^y 3 L 3 ^J Φ d 3 Φ 3 cn P w O:

N cn φ to rt li σ x- ^y er Ω 3 • cn φ μ- to x- ^y Ω 3 cn li a Φ x- ^y 3 H. aa H. P rt W dd ti XP 3 "3 μ- Ω < X o H et rt Ό ti M φ 3 _" » O 3 o Ω d O: d rt NOP er 3 ^" Φ φ cn G: a Φ x- ¹ Φ d 3 cn a PM ιQ x- ^y X Ω • φ x - ^y 3 rt rt 3 ta P d: μ- a σ Φ cn ti P H.

Ω rt Φ x- ^y cn σ cn tr XX Xi μ- μ- φ 3 " _^ rt Hi tr σ Ω Φ Φ cn Ω cn

XH tt 3 0 Φ <Φ o X Φ ö 3 Ω P <μ- Φ tr Φ 3 ^" ti ti 3 ^* a rt t

P 3 μ »3 Φ 3 x- ^y o li φ tr Ω 3 a P H. rt μ- H Φ d LO μ- 1 rt oa rt 3 rt tr x- ^y » i Z ti 3 "az O o x- ^y cn Φ da 3 P ii 3

3 P Φ rt Φ Φ er t Φ Φ Φ 1 X-- li Φ a Φ P sΩ ιQ μ- P ta μ- μ- μ- ti Φ O 1 rt 1 3 Φ 1 1 cn 3

OJ OJ tt l- ¹

LΠ o LΠ o LΠ O LΠ

a 2! P a to cn ιQ cn cn cn ta μ- <o X rt φ er <cn <tr <

Φ μ- dd Xi Φ rt o Ω μ- 3 Φ a 0 μ- li μ- φ φ 0 Φ φ μ, H. Hi 3 et M KΩ Φ er tr 3 3 Φ ti x- cn 3 μ- ti ti a tr Ω N Φ Φ ¹ P 3 LΩ Φ rt ti X Φ a rt 3 LΩ er

<p cn Ω 3 x- x- μ- ti μ- μ- to O: 3 "Φ μ- φ Φ x- ^y μ-

Φ ad X to tr d = C a rt P 3 ¹ 3 Ω H Φ rt μ- cn to Φ 3

3 Φ et p to φ tr ti et d Φ X d 3 "Ό 3 Φ aa rt • 3 ti Φ LΩ d: 3 3 O: rt Φ _^ μ- to P 3" μ- d μ- P «a M er Hi N H. cn -j x- ^y Φ LQ 3 x- ^y >"li • - ~ Φ t 3 XI <! D cn μ- rt to 3 x- ^y ιQ

X x P a a d H Φ -j μ- φ Φ cn • X cn

O: rt o-i Hi Φ φ Hi μ- • rt H ti P to rt O σ μ- Ω X

H d rt li 3 Φ a ¹ Lπ cn cn d LO S! 3 ti cn 3 ^* P

Ό P d: cn μ- Φ p: a Φ Hi a μ- N d rt 3

Φ rt er rt O: <x- ^y 3 to 3 ^* Φ to tr Φ PP φ μ- Ω " _^ a P ti o φ 0 Hi φ rt μ- 3 LO φ 3 3 cn XI XP x- ^y h H. Hi Hi 3 t> • 3 ti a P μ- cn ti to cn Hi 3 rt 00 X Φ S5 a cn P d Φ 0 O μ- σs

LO to rt d μ- ^ - et μ- μ- P d LΩ Φ x- ^y cn H 3 3 o HP 3 x- ^y d 3 Φ cn 3 Φ μ-> rt tr ad O: d KΩ ü <P H aa Hi 3 a Φ Φ 3

3 cn 3 cn P φ rt P Φ P o Φ σ Φ μ- ti a rt Xi Φ a d 0 LΩ • i X N ti 3 H ü cn 3 P cn

Φ P 3 a Φ 3 cn ti et a et z 3 d rt to ta Ω

H. 3 Φ cn Ω H. d P rt a Ω <LO a 3 ^"

3 X 3 to tr to d P H. Φ X Φ d • PX x- ^y ad P α μ ¹ O o 3 Ω rt o 3 XH 3 μ> ta φ

Φ 3 3 ta d er a X 0 cn a 0 LΩ a Φ li • Ω 3 o H. P Φ a X H. o φ <x- ^y H. aa 3 to cn Ω Ω σ 3 φ tr P cn _^ ti O er O: ^* μ- Φ cn

«Hi d tr 3 ^J iQ h 3 Φ μ- φ H. rt z 3 Φ to to th 3 a rt φ Φ P μ- a 3 rt 3 Φ Φ 3 φ Φ

P Φ a H. cn <h x- ^y rt P μ- μ- ti H Φ <to x- ^y

Hi μ- d μ- Ω ti φ er μ- to rt x- ^y to rt N 3 Φ 0 H rt tr Ω rt tr a 3 Φ ιQ H. LO Φ da 3 ti d

Z ιQ μ- rt x- ^y _^ et μ- -J φ μ- Φ P • 3 φ rt a 3 μ- φ Φ X cn 0 μ- 3 μ- d P 3 μ- Φ Q ü cn ü P xΩ to Z Φ μ- M 3 3 σ

X Φ er 3 d to μ- X μ- 3 3 cn Φ a P cn tt X rt iQ d rt Φ P Φ φ h O: 3 a Ω ti to μ- ti ti O: φ Φ

3 tsi μ- x- ^y ti ti a H φ <φ tr i- ¹ Φ cn cn a H cn t

<Ω rt cn _^ Xi 3 φ H cn 3 rt Ω φ Xi P

* a 00 Ω a Φ li a μ- Ω N Φ Φ tr cn Φ Vi a Φ 3 ^* cn Φ ti σ er Φ φ tr d 3 x- ^y li 3 rt

Φ a 3 μ- 3 O H. d μ- cn to H. ιΩ a μ ^j φ P rt Φ li P 3 μ- t Ü 3 cn p: Φ Φ d tr x- ^y to 3

3 w rt a ta LO Ω a W rt LΩ X 3 φ to LO P. cn 3 μ- art P 3 "d o Φ φ Φ M ιQ cn

Ω 3 Φ Φ ta ti μ- rt 3 3 x- ¹ 3 tr 3 <W μ- rt S!

3 "tr cn 3 cn Ω 3 ti L d x- ^y ti a μ- Φ 3 3 d μ-

Φ Xi cn ti μ- cn d • M rt Φ 3 3 rt 3 H. z ti <_____ μ- PO: rt to rt 3 φ rt H t ιQ a φ Φ μ- φ Ω d H rt et Φ P 3 a • n μ- P Φ cn ta ιQ rt li 3 "H cn Φ μ- 3 Φ μ- x- ^y cn ü <a

Hi rt N er <3 ιQ tr a Hi W cn rt φ Φ Φ

Φ a μ- Φ Φ to d d Φ cn φ 3 • P d μ- 3 li a cn H. 3 3 3 ~ j 3 Φ 3 cn p: a <d 3 Ω rt

Φ μ- d 1 rt rt • H. at Ω φ Φ Lπ cn LQ 3 ^* μ-

H. Ω Ω μ- 1 Lπ to 1 Φ tr 3 KΩ to> - • 3 ^* X μ "1 3 φ N φ 1 1 1 ^ d 1

24 and the pressurization via the compensation piston 25 in the direction of the valve seat 22. The passage cross section at the annular space 27.5 is then released so that the pressure in the connecting channel 6 can be reduced. The arrangement is dimensioned such that the release of the passage cross section to the annular space 27.5 is released practically simultaneously with the seating of the blocking part 23.2 on the valve seat 22.

Also in the embodiment of FIG. 3 described

Relief valve 27 can be designed by appropriate dimensioning of the pressure reduction on the injection valve so that vapor bubbles are avoided. In the embodiment described in FIG. 4, this can be achieved by an additional pressure relief valve connected to line 17.

The embodiments of the control part 7 described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 can be used in the same way as described with reference to FIG. 2, namely as a structural unit combined with a nozzle part 5. However, it is also possible, as is shown in the schematic diagram gem. 1 it can be seen that for all designs of the control part 7 there is an arrangement in which the control part 7 is arranged separately from the nozzle part 5. Accordingly, according to the schematic representation. Fig. 1 the branch line 26 leading to the control part 7 indicated by dash-dotted lines.

In the following FIGS. 6 to 9, a modified embodiment of the injection nozzle according to FIG. Fig. 2 in the form of a

Flowchart shown, only the essential parts are shown in detail. The same components are again provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference can be made to the above description of the other exemplary embodiments with regard to both the structure and the function. In the embodiment according to 6, a so-called pressure divider 30 is connected upstream of the valve arrangement 21.0. 7, an embodiment of the pressure divider 30 is shown on a larger scale. The pressure divider consists essentially of a piston body 31 which is operatively connected at its upper end to the actuator 20 (arrow 20 in FIG. 7) and which is supported at its lower end via a spring plate 32 on a return spring 33. The piston body 31 is provided with a valve body 34 which interacts with a first valve seat 35.1. In the pressure-relieved state, the valve body 34 is pressed onto the first valve seat 35.1 by the return spring 33.

On its side facing the return spring 33, the valve body 34 is assigned a second valve seat 35.2 which connects the annular space 37 to the outflow space 39 and which the valve body 34 closes the more the further it moves in the direction of the arrow 20. The valve body 34 thus forms with the valve seats 35.1 and 35.2 a 3/2-way proportional valve with 100% negative overlap. With this arrangement, the pressure in the annular space 37 increases approximately linearly with the steep path of the valve body 34 from 0 bar when the valve body bears against the valve seat 35.1 up to the pressure prevailing in line 8 when the valve body bears against the valve seat 35.2. Depending on the diameter of the

Valve seat 35.2, the pressure in the annular space 37 is fed back to the actuator 20, so that an electromagnetic actuator can also be used. The valve seat 35.2 can be designed as a barrel seat in order to minimize the requirements for manufacturing accuracy.

A first annular space 36 is assigned to the valve body 34, into which a branch line 8.1 of the high-pressure line opens and which is closed by the closed position defined by the valve seat 35.1. The valve body 35 is arranged in a second annular space 37 which is connected to a pressure space 38 via an overflow line 8.2 OJ J to to ¹

LΠ o LΠ o LΠ O LΠ

H cn H d a a Z X> d <LΩ cn μ- <a θ: N cn a d: Φ c to LO s: rt it-. α 0 3 P a

P rt μ- 3 Φ P Φ P d 3 Φ x- ^y Φ cn Φ H Hi d rt μ- σ 3 0 Ω £ - μ- μ- Φ P ti Φ er d cn Φ 3 a 3 ta ii 3 Hi a 3 Φ μ- rt 3 d Hi Φ Ω tr H. li rt 3 Φ Φ rt 3 a ιQ ii rt tr cn a 3 LΩ rt x- ^y - rt Ω 3 X- ¹ H ti cn tr X- ¹ <a cn μ- P 3 Φ Ω d et Xi cn <φ Φ H. a μ- Ω Φ Z μ- X Φ <a Xi a P 0 3 σ μ ¹ φ μ- X tr

3 ti O Φ 3 ad Φ μ> tr x- ^y - x- ¹ rt φ Hi da μ. u3 3 d: to H rt 3 Φ

• Ω Φ μ- 3 3 « _* φ 3 3 X a φ X z • ti Φ μ. μ- φ dd tr <d ^ tr a to er rt μ- rt aa O: N φ 0: x- ¹ - tr a Ω Φ Ω Ω 3 cn Φ φ Ω ^ i tö ti φ

<Φ N rt μ- Φ μ- <ti d cn ah ö x- ^y - Φ tr tr Λ '• Ω Φ N ti a Φ rt 3

Φ 3 a 3 3 w a φ Xi μ- i X Φ 3 Ü <Φ μ- d tr ü <! Φ ti Φ

3 Hi P cn a μ- Φ ii Φ a <φ φ et a Z Φ 3 P <3 Φ KΩ μ- P Φ H. Φ 3 <rt P dd μ- <Φ 3 ti er ti Φ Φ hd to μ- H. a 3 o φ μ- Φ 3 d H. μ- Φ μ- x- Ω Ω rt φ 3 cn μ- 3 3 a cn P μ- 3 ^ μ. er PH 3 3 0 a 3 σ d = Ω cn 3 x- ^y H tr N 3 Xi O 3 to rt ti d 3 iQ a μ- tr • Ω Φ H. dd er tr Φ rt to cn φ rt a ti er a LO P μ- d to Ω cn a 3 0 Φ <3 a 3 LO 3 Φ μ- μ- ιQ μ- 3 μ- Φ μ- Φ d 3 μ- Ω LO tr a ti aa tr 00 ιQ φ 3 ιQ 00 a H. a rt μ- Φ 3 x- ^y H rt 3 3 μ- x- ^y XX Φ P d Φ d Φ Φ 3 Ό Φ _^ Φ Φ Φ X

3 Z LO X N LΩ g μ- O: er P 3 3 Ω μ, 3 3 d = er rt μ- rt cn 3 Φ ti θ:

C- a π O: a er to § φ ti Φ a d P X • Ω er Φ μ- Φ a rt μ- σ H

P σ ti Φ «ü X li Φ X φ Xi x- ^y Φ Hi <x- ¹ Xi <to o Φ 3 μ- N μ- Φ Φ μ- 3 ta Φ Xi

3 H to 3 μ> Xi et d cn P ti Φ Φ P ii Φ H Φ H h li φ cn 0 cn Ü tr cn Φ d = ^s Ω Φ d Ω Φ d Ω Ω 3 ti ti cn Φ a ü σi o 3 Φ d μ- 1 rt et rt Ω li ü

Ω tr ta d ti PX tr P cn a cn rt 3 μ- σ XI rt μ- Ω a £ et Φ _* a. Φ cn X et P 3 rt ti x- O Φ. Φ φ μ- N o μ- rt X μ- P tsi x- ^y Φ - & cn 3 tohda O 0 z μ- 3 rt a 3 d ti x- ^y d φ ta Φ 3 er cn rt N LO

PZ 3 ^ H. p: φ σs Z σ Φ H. aa 3 rt X 3 x- ¹ - LO X Φ rt Φ rt ad μ- LO tr er Φ σ P d Φ d μ- 0: ιQ ti P LΠ rt «Ti ti P

P 3 ü LO LΠ μ- t Φ sΩ μ- ti tt Ω H. 3 H 0 H. ti er • ti o 0: Z d ta a 00 • 3 o φ 3 M rt da μ- ¹ X KΩ μ- 3 Xi 00 a to ιQ μ> μ- μ "Φ 3 Hi x- ^y - Hi

• to 3 Φ φ ^ Ω μ- p: tr tt to 3 P φ • Φ Ω Φ cn er μ- μ ^j φ H. a t- ¹ a φ ιQ a 3 μ- X Φ Ω Φ Φ X cn ü to 3 tr tr d Ω Φ 3 φ aa cn σ Φ er Φ Ω X tr LΠ μ- μ- er x- ^y a P Xi μ- ¹ 0 3 tr 3 Φ μ- Φ. φ

Φ Q) Φ 3 Φ 3 3 a tt tr μ- ti * Φ P Φ 3 ü <to μ- ta d tr φ rt rt ti μ- cn 3 H. z φ P Φ d cn p: li cn H. P μ- φ LO 3 x- ^y - to Φ a ti Φ Ir ¹ do 3 φ α φ d Ü 3 to Hi P a rt x- ^y rt li t> x- ^y ti P μ- Φ 3 LO Φ Φ

H. «σ ü tti X μ- a rt Hi φ Φ to ti cn LΩ a ιQ φ cn x- ^y μ- LQ LO ti li

O ti d et O cn H et 3 μ- Φ rt ti rt σ Ω φ Φ h x- ^y - X rt α d Ω cn O μ- μ- a Φ 3 Φ Φ tr LΩ 3 P et aa et to d φ <ah er Ω X μ- Z 3 o • aa N tr 3 o φ dd P dd 3 o μ- φ φ d Φ X a rt Φ cn 3 σ X Φ φ tt d Φ rt er ti σ 3 3 3 HP • KΩ 3 3 left

Ω 3 Φ μ- μ- x- ^y - XI li x- ^y H 3 μ- ιQ ii μ- Φ ti ιQ 3 Ω rt l- ¹ 3 rt

X Λ ^* μ- μ- Φ o et had = Φ p: φ ii x- ^y 3 ad LO tr O 3 μ- s μ- ta

O: 3 3 3 μ- Φ Ω μ- tt ta Ω z cn • _* μ- Ω cn oo cn li a μ- rt μ ¹ d = a ti cn μ- P rt cn X 3 φ P tr P Ω Lπ Φ X • rt a Φ et cn X Ω μ- Ό a rt 3 N 3 N Φ ad φ 3 tr d ii Φ μ> ti μ- a cn a rt O: X

Φ Φ Φ Φ z ιΩ d α μ- Φ 3 a Φ Φ 3 «P μ- 0: Φ Φ Φ φ ti ü to ü 3 a x- ^y - Φ 3 H x- ^y - cn LΩ rt ti 3 a Ü d 3 «3 H. tt x- ^y - 3 θ: Xi et cn x- ^y Φ to cn LΩ d ti rt LO Φ Φ a rt P to 3 H. rt w ti 3 3 Φ Φ

Ω ta et 3 Ω rt Ω _^ to 00 ti 3 Φ cn a Hi d P 3 <et Φ ^• z ü x- ^y tr x- ^y - • _* 3 ^* Φ 3 X a α ^ P Xi Φ rt LO 3 Hi P Φ Φ x- ^y 3 x- ^y - P x- ^y

I- ¹ • ti ta Φ d O et φ O: N d cn H h li 00 a rt d H. 3 P Φ d LO Hi μ- ιQ a μ- 3 Φ a φ 3 Hi μ- d cn Φ μ- Φ a cn cn ιQ rt cn α a 3 * _* Φ φ ti Φ 3 H. d μ- Hi 3 LO μ- 3 Ω D Φ: cn rt μ- μ- rt li Φ a ta a P ti • Ω a rt μ- ta 3 Φ rt cn tr d H. er rt oa φ x- ^y dd Ü LO μ- Φ

Hi φ d ti φ μ- φ P Φ <z ιQ Φ Xi φ ü Φ ti Hi φ tr X 3 Ω a • 3 cn

Φ cn 3 PP 3 Z Φ d rt φ P ti ti ti Ω ta θ: Hi 3 φ O: LΩ rt a x- ^y d x- ^y - H. cn 3 H. 3 oa μ- a 3 "d =. 3 P H. to H. d N to

Φ H LO to 3 tru rt a 1 a to Φ rt Hi Ω rt 3 d Xi <P Ω d

H 3 Φ a LO LO Φ rt cn N x- ^y X μ- Hi Φ Φ d X ιr_) φ rt LO μ- o 00 Φ 1 Φ d 1 rt 1 H. ti 3 1 Φ h 1 1 3 1 to 1 1 1

J OJ tt μ ¹

LΠ o LΠ o LΠ O LΠ

a hydraulic path converter 43, as has already been described with reference to the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3. The unavoidable leakage losses in the hydraulic space of the hydraulic path translator are compensated for via a feed line 44. The path translation described can be combined with all the described variants of the injection system.

10 shows an embodiment of the injection valve with a nozzle needle 9 that can be opened in two stages. The nozzle needle 9 is supported on a first soft

Closing spring 16.1 on the housing. Furthermore, a sliding body 16.3 is provided, which is supported with its side facing away from the nozzle needle 9 on a second harder closing spring 16.2. The sliding body 16.3 has a support shoulder 16.4, which ends in the closed position of the nozzle needle 9 by a small amount a before the end of the piston body 15 of the nozzle needle 9.

If pressure is applied to the pressure chamber 10 via the connecting channel 6, which pressure is less than the restoring force of the restoring spring 16.2, the injection valve opens only by one stroke corresponding to dimension a. If the pressure chamber 10 is subjected to a pressure that is greater than the restoring force of the closing spring 16.2, the nozzle needle 9 is pushed back correspondingly far and the injection valve is opened completely.

11 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. Fig. 10 shown. In this embodiment, the closing spring 16 is supported on an evasive piston 16.5, which on its side remote from the closing spring has a pressure chamber 16.6, which is connected to the connecting channel 6 via a throttle 16.7. With this arrangement, pressure-dependent dynamic guidance of the opening movement of the nozzle needle 9 is possible. With a fuel injection device of the type according to the invention it is possible, even with high-speed diesel engines, in particular diesel engines for passenger cars, which can have speeds of 4,000 to 4,500 revolutions per minute under full load and which have high injection pressures of about 1,500 to 2,000 bar, short injection times of For example, to implement 1.5 milliseconds by direct control of the control part.

Claims

J OJ t t μ> LΠ o LΠ o LΠ O LΠ <a μ. 3 N a LO er _^^ et in to a Ü s; 3 Φ X Φ <<tr Φ O: α _ Φ 3 l- ¹ ! Φ d • d Φ dd • Φ to d Φ • Φ μ- μ- μ- μ- O: μ- φ Φ μ- Hi H. -> μ- P. 3 ti ii 3 3 H. ti P LΠ PX 3 Ω ti rt 3 li 3 ti H. ti 3 Hi d LO 3 cn cn et Ω * ma Ω W d - _^ rt Φ tt tr X Φ xi 3 cn tr a Φ 3 Ω - Φ Ω XI μ- tr φ z tr H Hi O 3 H <et <φ 3 φ d = O μ- d 3 d X 3 tr ti H x- ^y P a 3 P cn <ti 3 P Φ d Φ μ- li 3 H. 3 3 3 er <μ- P d: X m H Φ Φ m Hi Ω Φ tsi Hi H 3 ii 3 <a n a m <m Φ Φ o 3 Hl Ω 0: c rt cn tt a Φ rt tr H. - - Φ rt er m tr Φ φ - φ dd Φ cn P ti H. φ rt tr μ, X cn ti φ X cn x- ^y cn to μ- cn μ- 3 3 to rt 3 3 cn ii cn d cn d cn φ Ό Φ rt et ti Φ rt P Φ o Ω rt 3 tr ti rt LO m m rt tr r + Hi Ω Ω 3 rt Φ 3 OX X- ^y a ti O in tr t O a Φ a> μ- - - d cn Φ φ cn tr X μ- O M 3 Hi et P ti ti Hi tr φ 3 Hi d Z d X μ- 3 ^ X tr ti μ- Ω x- ^y ti rt Hi N Hi d cn d N Hi P 3 P φ Hi 3 Φ 3 et cn in a lt »P et a x- ^y tr P Hi _^ - ~. φ Φ P rt Ω Φ Φ About Φ nmmd μ- Φ 3 dd x- ^y Φ d φ φ to μ- μ- rt d X μ- μ- μ- m • <»μ- cn rt P rt Hi μ - P 3 3 P ta 3 μ- μ- LO Ω 3 0 3 to Ω 3 μ- cn Φ 3 X cn rt N d = 3 <x- ^y a in mm Φ 3 3 tr cn H m φ tr cn cn rt X a cn P d rt 0 tr φ Φ cn d 3 Φ cn ti Xi cn cn μ- 3 Xi rt " _* Φ P Xi 3 3 Φ - ti a ti _^ ti X tr 3 a" 3 Xi Φ Φ ti <rt φ ti • tr ti P a tr to rt Φ tr cn P Φ in Φ o ii μ- rt μ- _^ - »Φ Φ rt μ- a ti μ- x- ^y et _^^ to 3 d - Φ 3 rt z σ μ- 3 t 3 - «rt Φ rt a et a to ^ _' μ- 3 μ- P φ a Ö d = rt Φ N CD rt _* ~ N li Φ Φ N _ _{^ *} Φ do cn Φ a Φ 3 x- ^y mdd: P cn N a Φ - - μ- l-> a Φ 3 H. φ σs 3 3 - _^ μ - rt μ- Φ μ- φ tr ti cn d Φ Φ cn P μ- x- ^y -j P μ- d: μ- a ^ 3 3 3 3 3 P Ω Φ Hi 3 μ- XS to 3 in - ta 3 tr tt <3 Ö Φ Φ cn li tr 3 S rt 3 P h Φ. -. H Φ ti Φ Hi d a a cn a P Üli <3 Φ Φ ti 3 N μ- cn to a a μ- ti a 3 μ- li ü μ- Φ Ω Φ μ- cn φ μ- a P μ- μ- μ- 3 iz Ω Ω -j Φ Φ Ω Φ rt Ω Φ Ω Φ ti tr cn w Φ 3 3 cn Φ a cn ¹ Ω H tr tr H. ti 3 "a μ- tr μ- tr cn x- ^y o μ- rt μ- rt 3 φ rt tr Φ to et x- ^y et Φ 3 x- ^y et m Hi φ 3 a tt Ω rt μ- rt • «• x- ^y - •. -. rt a Ω d O <«<d 3 μ- X d μ- x- ^y 3 μ- Φ do tr cn x- ^y Φ LΠ d Φ tr o l £> 3 t Φ h Φ 3 rt 0: 3 σ d rt ta H. μ ^j a ü Φ Z μ- _* - ~. μ- • ~ - '3 h φ m in ti P ti m α H. m rt ta tr cn Ω σ ii d P μ- o 3 vo 3 m ti φ cn Hi er ti Φ Ό • Φ a rt tr Φ d 3 d 3 er N • - _^ 3 - »3 3 Φ rt μ- 3 d μ- Φ 3 <μ- Φ Φ 3 Ω a 3 Φ Φ da μ- Hi to a P tr cn 3 P Ω 3 ii PO 3 x- ^y φ cn X 3 μ- cn m Φ rt d = o Φ Ω μ- Φ rt a Ω X φ Ω 3> X- ¹ μ- ^• X Φ _^ - _^ Xi Φ 3 ü • 3 tr cn ti 0 d tr 3 tr X <d 3 to P μ- to cn a ii Hi tt LΠ rt Hi 3 to ta et Φ 3 φ rt 3 3 μ> rt Φ d = φ φ _^ - _^ • μ- Hi m 3 W LO> 0 3 m Φ P _^^ Φ li et tr μ- 3 μ- X ti cn <cn ti O _^ - _^ 3 Ω <rt <3 x- 3 d N H. 3 cn 3 P et to rt φ X to <3 cn tr μ- μ- m φ μ- P Φ σ Φ rt φ Xi Φ 3 d Xi " _* HP Xi φ Xi P Ό a φ X- Φ 3 Z _^ - _^ rt d ii ii 3 H. m P cn 3 ti H. φ 3 H HH X tr rt 00 Hi rt da μ- a μ - X Da rt da OP d er 3 ddd 0: P μ- ti - Φ Z Φ Ω Φ cn μ- rt 0 o O Ω P x- ^y Ω μ- cn cn O Ω 3 ti X μ- φ μ- X 3 rt Φ N x- ^y h H tr cn m tr 3 P Φ tr X m Xi rt Hi Φ P 3 μ- x- ^y Ü a tr ad _^ a rt μ- X Φ Φ φ 3 3 Φ cn PX tt d = φ 3rd -. μ> σ 3 cn μ »d μ- 3 μ> P μ- H. 3 a a a H. rt d μ. a μ- cn ti Φ to Φ m 3 O Φ ^ 3 3 Φ Φ Φ • ^ - ~ J 3 P μ- 3 Φ tr rt o tr μ- O m 3 3 P _^ - _^ Z H. ti ti fi _^ - _^ Hi Φ cn '-' 3 a cn cn a μ ^j O: ro μ- φ μ- _^ rt Xi _^ Φ μ- to μ- Φ XX a P Hi LO H. -. <P 3 μ- -> cn er ti μ ⁱ 3 cn d X - _' rt li PO Φ a - _^ Hi _^ - at Φ cn Hi 3 o rt Φ μ- LO 3 rt 3 LO et 3 3 d oo 3 ^ J ^ 3 Φ rt a - - O μ- rt - - • X • a ^ O: Φ to P er <- - d μ- - - rt μ- cn Φ <Hi N ti <Hi μ- ^ x- ^y Φ> Ω 3 3 d μ- rt rt 3 φ d = Hi a P aa Hi 3 3 X tr μ- <n 3 P μ- cn O H. tr d = a Hi Φ P Φ 1 Φ a. -. 1 3 cn a d 1 Hi a 1 φ μ- cn Φ rt 3 1 1 3 P σs 1 Hi Hi Φ H. 3 Φ H. 1 1 1 left 5. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuator (20) has a transfer piston (20.3) and the actuator (20) facing the end of the valve body (23) has a pressure piston (23.1) and that between the two Piston a hydraulic chamber (20.4) is arranged, the diameter of the pressure piston (23.1) is smaller than the diameter of the transmission piston (20.3). 6. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diameter of the compensation piston (25) depending on the desired force feedback is smaller, equal to or larger than the diameter of the part of the piston system of the valve body (23) acting in the opening direction when pressure is applied. , 7. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the actuator (20) is designed to be adjustable in relation to its travel path proportional to the applied actuating energy. 8. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an electrical actuator (20) is provided which is designed to be voltage-proportional in relation to its travel. 9. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an electrical actuator (20) is provided which is designed to be proportional to the current in relation to its travel. 10. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the control part (7) has a pressure divider (30) which on the one hand and the valve body (23) forming a piston system forms a connection with the high pressure channel (6) , which can be adjusted via the actuator. 11. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressure divider (20) is in operative connection with the relief valve (27). 12. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the relief valve (27) has a valve spring (27.3) acting in the closing direction on a valve body (27.2) and a piston (27.1) which additionally in the closing direction via the Pressure divider (30) can be acted upon. 13. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pressure divider (20) is provided with a pressure compensation piston (42) which can be acted upon by the partial pressure acting against the actuator force. 14. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the pressure divider (20) as 3/2-way valve is designed, wherein the two valve seats of the 3/2-way valve represent the two throttling points of the pressure divider. 15. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the valve seat (35.2) of the pressure divider (20) is designed as a flat seat.