EP1247994B1 - Centrifugal pump with adjustment of the axial and radial clearances without opening the pump body - Google Patents

Centrifugal pump with adjustment of the axial and radial clearances without opening the pump body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1247994B1
EP1247994B1 EP02076079A EP02076079A EP1247994B1 EP 1247994 B1 EP1247994 B1 EP 1247994B1 EP 02076079 A EP02076079 A EP 02076079A EP 02076079 A EP02076079 A EP 02076079A EP 1247994 B1 EP1247994 B1 EP 1247994B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
bearings
centrifugal pump
rings
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02076079A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1247994A2 (en
EP1247994A3 (en
Inventor
Umberto Cambiaghi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cambiaghi Umberto
Original Assignee
Cambiaghi Umberto
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cambiaghi Umberto filed Critical Cambiaghi Umberto
Publication of EP1247994A2 publication Critical patent/EP1247994A2/en
Publication of EP1247994A3 publication Critical patent/EP1247994A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1247994B1 publication Critical patent/EP1247994B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/006—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps double suction pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/165—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/167—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/622—Adjusting the clearances between rotary and stationary parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/628—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to centrifugal pumps and in particular to a simplified and dismountable centrifugal pump structure which allows a somewhat easier and more cost-effective realisation, assembly and maintenance.
  • centrifugal pumps are machines in which energy is transferred from the machine to the fluid through a rotor which moves with respect to the fluid.
  • Their structure comprises a static part and a moving part: an outer casing which contains the rotor fitted on a shaft which is moved, by means of a rigid joint, by a motor.
  • sealing members are interposed which carry out their function between flat or cylindrical interfacing surfaces, in motion relative to each other.
  • many types of pump of the prior art are generally equipped with auxiliary lubrication devices of such surfaces distributing a lubrication fluid in the gaps between the interfacing gaskets.
  • Such lubrication devices are the source of substantial drawbacks, be it of the environmental type due to the losses and disposal of the lubrication fluids, be it of mechanical yield of the machine due to fluid leakages, or be it finally for the complicatedness and the greater size of the machine.
  • Centrifugal pump structures without auxiliary lubrication devices and with a seal of the radial type between flat surfaces are known from patent USA 6,004,094 which represents the closest prior art and from patents USA 4,242,039, 4,501,530 and 4,913,619. Such centrifugal pump structures are, however, quite complex and have difficulties in their realisation, assembly, maintenance and adjustment.
  • the present invention refers more precisely to a centrifugal pump with a dismountable structure which is a good deal simpler and easier to realise, assemble, maintain and adjust. It is, moreover, equipped with an innovative bearing fluxing system, without the use of piping and adjustment valves.
  • FIG 1A B an embodiment of the pump is shown according to an axial section view (figure 1A) and a schematic front view (figure 1B), respectively.
  • Figure 2 shows in its main components the structure of the pump according to the view of figure 1, but in an "exploded" configuration to illustrate its types of assembly and of access to the moving parts.
  • Figure 3 again partially shows the pump according to the view of figure 1, for the detail of the fluxing of the bearings and of the mechanical seal which constitutes a preferred embodiment of the pump according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 again shows the pump according to the view of figure 1, for the detail of a different structure of side cover aimed at limiting possible axial slipping, which constitutes an alternative embodiment of the pump according top the invention.
  • FIG 5 a special embodiment of the pump according to the invention is illustrated for application with liquids containing abrasive particles.
  • Figures 6, 7 are details in section view which illustrate a system for adjusting the clearances between rotor and sealing rings.
  • the centrifugal pump comprises support feet 1 integral with the pump body 2, which contains a rotor 5 fitted onto a shaft 4 through a grooved profile 20 or, alternatively, through a key, which does not restrict the rotor in the axial direction.
  • the shaft 4 is connected to its motor - not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity - with a per se known joint, indicating only the slot 21 for inserting, for example, a coupling key.
  • the casing or pump body 2 foresees from the two sides a fluid intake IN and and a pumped fluid discharge OUT, on the left and right-hand side in figure 1B, respectively.
  • an upper removable cover 3 of the casing 2 is shown, with screws for attaching to the casing itself.
  • the rotor prefferably fitted without rings 25 and can work in direct opposition to the rings 10, 11 of the body with worked surfaces.
  • the interfacing sealing rings 10, 11, 25 be they fixed or rotating can be realised with various materials, which are preferably resistant to wear and with a low friction coefficient, for example with resin, containing possible additional fillers, silicon carbides, ceramic, metallic alloys.
  • the side covers 6, 7 are preferably equipped with spokes 16 and 15, respectively, which allow the areas of the lubricated bearings 8, 9 to be supported effectively, avoiding their cantilevered support, as in conventional pumps.
  • the spokes are integral with the rings 17, 17a, upon which the wear rings 10, 11 are assembled.
  • the axial division between body 2 and upper cover 3 of the pump can be realised, in a traditional manner, according to a plane passing by the line of axis 12 or else, according to the embodiment shown in figures 1B, 2, displaced upwards according to a plane 13 parallel to the previous one, to be able to attach and lift the rotor 5 and remove it from the pump body 2, without involving the other parts of the pump.
  • the two covers 6, 7 are equipped with devices both for adjusting the axial clearances and for absorbing the forces in such a direction.
  • a plurality of screws 14, 19 are foreseen, for the right 7 and left 6 cover respectively, of which one of the screws 14 is shown in the enlarged detail of figure 1.
  • the right cover 7, just like the left cover 6, is shaped in its outer face with a frustum of cone surface upon/from which the ends of the screws 14, 19 are pushed/withdrawn, respectively, in the radial direction, such a drive translating into an axial displacement of the covers 6, 7 inwards, according to the principle of the inclined plane.
  • Such an axial displacement of the two covers 6, 7 closens or distances the front rings 10, 11, 25 and adjusts their clearance 22.
  • four screws 19 are foreseen separated by 90° from each other.
  • the seal and the locking of the two covers is completed with the mechanical seal on the right. It consists of a cover 18, smaller than and concentric with the cover 7, which is fixed to it with screws. Inside of it, the small cover 18 carries a sealing ring 41 and a compressed spring 42 which rests on one side against the inner face of the ring 41 and on the other side against a shoulder of the shaft 4. The spring 42 is compressed and pushes the shaft towards the left in the plane of the drawing and pushes the sealing ring 41 towards the right. On the other side, the push of the spring 42 is counteracted with a counter push by the cover 6 which, by means of the ring 10, compresses said spring and ensures the seal.
  • FIG 2 the embodiment of the pump of figure 1 is illustrated, but in an "exploded" configuration.
  • the ways of assembling and accessing the moving parts are extremely simplified.
  • it is indeed sufficient to disassemble the covers 6 and 7 and withdraw the shaft 4 from the side opposite to the joint with the motor; the replacement of the sealing rings and of the sliding bearings is possible without disassembly the upper cover 3.
  • Only if one also wishes to intervene on the rotor 5 does the upper cover have to be removed and the rotor be withdrawn from above.
  • FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment of the pump according to the invention, in which the fluxing of the bearings and the mechanical seal are realised by withdrawing fluid from the pump intake.
  • the fluxing system from the side of the left-hand cover 6 is illustrated, which is also applied from the right-hand side of the cover 7 in a symmetrical manner.
  • a series of holes 31 is realised which put the intake IN space upstream of the rotor 5 in communication with the chamber 34 of the bearing 8; on the right-hand side, however, there is the bearing 9.
  • fluxing stream 30 which penetrates into the holes 31 and crosses fluxing channels 32 made in the bearing 8 and comes out as fluxing 33 between the shoulder of the bearing 8 and the distance ring 24.
  • Figure 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the pump according to the invention in which a different side cover structure is adopted to control the possible axial sliding of the rotor 5 and to push the seal against the second cover 18 and to compress the spring 42.
  • the member for controlling axial sliding consists of a cover 27, symmetrical to the small cover 18 and concentric with the cover 6, to which it is fixed with screws. Inside of it the cover 27 carries a sealing disk 26 which locks the shaft 4 and keeps it in position with the rotor 5.
  • the disk 26 is realised with analogous materials and finishings to those of the sealing rings 10, 11, 25.
  • FIG 5 illustrates a special embodiment of the pump according to the invention for its use with liquids containing significant amounts of abrasive particles. In such conditions these abrasive particles in a short time can ruin the sliding bearings lubricated with the liquid itself, as in the embodiments shown in figures 1 to 4.
  • the rotor 5 is rotatably connected to the shaft 4, with a key or else a grooved profile. Its axial sliding on the shaft is locked with the stop 50 in one direction, and in the opposite direction by the ring in two halves 51 and by the whole ring 52.
  • an axial adjustment screw 53 engages which, resting upon the face F, pushes the shaft 4 towards the right in the plane of figure 5, screwing into the threaded hole 53a of the cover 6.
  • a dial gauge After having detected the total traverse of the rotor between the wear rings 10, 11 of the body displacing it axially in the two directions, it can be positioned precisely at the centre point of the two rings of the body. The axial pushes are reduced and are not capable of making the shaft 4 slide inside the bearings; in any case they can be supported by the rings 10, 11.
  • the rotor can be left free to slide in the axial direction.
  • the axial pushes are transferred onto the rings 10, 11 and the rotor centres itself by the intake return flow which passes through the clearances between rotor and rings.
  • the shaft 4 is thus freed completely from the axial pushes.
  • the centrifugal pump according to the invention has substantial advantages with respect to pumps of the state of the art.
  • the pump according to the invention allows access to and adjustment of its inner parts with extreme ease. All of the inner parts can be accessed without removing the motor and the piping.
  • the setting of the clearances 22 between the radial sealing rings can be carried out from the outside by axially adjusting the two side covers 6, 7 without even opening the pump.
  • the possibility of axially displacing the side covers with micrometric adjustments allows the clearances 22 to be adjusted with extreme precision, which cannot be obtained with traditional pumps, to obtain high energy yields, for the consequent reduction in leakages between the rings.
  • the pump is quite easy to construct and requires less precision treatments than those required by traditional pumps with an axially divided casing.
  • the axis line moreover, is much easier to realise since it only works on one diameter and on whole circles, whereas in traditional pumps the axis line generally requires working on various diameters and is divided in two halves.
  • the axial adjustment system of the side covers 6, 7 with the screws 14, 19, 14bis, 19bis not only allows the clearances to be adjusted with the pump inactive, but also allows such screws to be unscrewed and the rotation of the so-called stuffing box and the bearings 8, 9 so as to be able to use the less worn upper part, thus prolonging the lifetime of the bearings and reducing the number of interventions to replace the bearings. Such a replacement, moreover, can be carried out without removing the upper cover 3.
  • the same thing also takes place for the fixed sealing rings 10, 11 connected to the side covers 6, 7, balancing the wearing thereof in the case where errors in treatment or in assembly give anomalous and/or angularly unbalanced wear.
  • the pump according to the invention does not require rolling bearings. Equally, there is no need for outer lubrication devices, since all of the stresses are borne with sliding bearings and wear rings inside the pump, which are fluxed and lubricated by the pumped liquid.
  • the lubricating and fluxing liquid is drawn from the intake side of the pump and not from its discharge, as happens in some conventional pumps.
  • the flow system is substantially simplified, because there is no need for partialisation valves to reduce the pressure of the flow fed into the chamber 34 of the bearings and into the mechanical seal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)
EP02076079A 2001-03-21 2002-03-20 Centrifugal pump with adjustment of the axial and radial clearances without opening the pump body Expired - Lifetime EP1247994B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI010592 2001-03-21
IT2001MI000592A ITMI20010592A1 (it) 2001-03-21 2001-03-21 Pompa centrifuga con regolazione dei giochi assiali radiali senza aprire il corpo pompa

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1247994A2 EP1247994A2 (en) 2002-10-09
EP1247994A3 EP1247994A3 (en) 2003-04-02
EP1247994B1 true EP1247994B1 (en) 2004-04-14

Family

ID=11447324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02076079A Expired - Lifetime EP1247994B1 (en) 2001-03-21 2002-03-20 Centrifugal pump with adjustment of the axial and radial clearances without opening the pump body

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1247994B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE264459T1 (it)
DE (1) DE60200359T2 (it)
ES (1) ES2220873T3 (it)
IT (1) ITMI20010592A1 (it)
TR (1) TR200401664T4 (it)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106168221A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2016-11-30 广州市白云泵业集团有限公司 一种管道式单级双吸离心泵

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR723344A (fr) * 1930-12-10 1932-04-07 Beaudrey Et Bergeron Soc Perfectionnements aux pompes centrifuges
NL7005537A (it) * 1969-04-18 1970-10-20
DE3513116A1 (de) * 1985-04-12 1986-10-23 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg Spaltdichtung an laufraedern von kreiselpumpen
ITMI981112A1 (it) * 1998-05-20 1999-11-20 Termomeccanica S P A Pompa centrifuga a tenuta radiale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1247994A2 (en) 2002-10-09
ITMI20010592A0 (it) 2001-03-21
DE60200359T2 (de) 2005-05-04
ITMI20010592A1 (it) 2002-09-21
TR200401664T4 (tr) 2004-08-23
ES2220873T3 (es) 2004-12-16
ATE264459T1 (de) 2004-04-15
EP1247994A3 (en) 2003-04-02
DE60200359D1 (de) 2004-05-19

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