EP1246669B1 - System zur erkennung und zur bekämpfung eines brandes in einem eisenbahnzug - Google Patents

System zur erkennung und zur bekämpfung eines brandes in einem eisenbahnzug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1246669B1
EP1246669B1 EP01903915A EP01903915A EP1246669B1 EP 1246669 B1 EP1246669 B1 EP 1246669B1 EP 01903915 A EP01903915 A EP 01903915A EP 01903915 A EP01903915 A EP 01903915A EP 1246669 B1 EP1246669 B1 EP 1246669B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
detector
fire
temperature
car
lines
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01903915A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1246669A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Southwood
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France Manche SA
Channel Tunnel Group Ltd
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France Manche SA
Channel Tunnel Group Ltd
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Publication of EP1246669A1 publication Critical patent/EP1246669A1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0221—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for tunnels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0271—Detection of area conflagration fires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0292—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires by spraying extinguishants directly into the fire
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to railway convoys of road transport, and more particularly in such railway convoys, a system to detect the position of one or more fire on one or more wagons and for fight against these fire foci according to their position on the wagon.
  • This type of automatic extinguishing device fire has the disadvantage of triggering watering by the main network on the covered area only by hot melt sprinkler sprinkler, and / or on a secondary network covering the entire wagon and / or associated with the vehicle transported on the basis of a signal provided by a single detector for the entire car.
  • thermo-fuse shutter that is triggered In the case of a railway convoy, the current of hot air due to the fire focus moves into the opposite direction of the movement of the train so that the thermo-fuse shutter that is triggered is not always the one closest to the home, hence some inefficiency in the effect of watering on the actual fireplace.
  • each secondary network is not triggered only by a single fire detector it does not intervene quickly in the fight against fire only to the extent that the detector is close to the fireplace.
  • the watering obtained is dispersed throughout the wagon and is therefore relatively inefficient on extinguishment of the home, which should be the focus concentrated all means of firefighting.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a system detecting the position of a fire center in a wagon of a rail transport convoy of road vehicles and a system to combat the fire that concentrates the watering of the liquid fire extinguisher on the fire outbreak detected.
  • a rail freight transport convoy of goods has at least one lead locomotive 10 at one end and a locomotive tail 12 at the other end of the convoy. Between the two locomotives 10 and 12 are arranged, for example, two sets of m cars W1 to Wm, each arranged to carry road freight vehicles. These road vehicles are brought on the wagons of each rowed and unloaded at their destination by via two maneuvering platforms 14a and 14b.
  • These means of fight against the fire on the wagon 18 mainly include a main tank 20 filled with a pressure extinguishing liquid atmospheric such as water, a high pump pressure 22 disposed on an outlet pipe 24 of the main tank and a secondary tank 26 filled with an anti-freeze liquid including a output 32 is equipped with a medium pressure pump 28.
  • the outputs of the high pressure pumps 22 and average pressure 28 are connected to a pipe main distribution 34 that powers in each wagon W1 to Wm two distribution ducts 40 and 42 mounted on one side and the other of each wagon.
  • the outlet pipe 24 of the main tank 20 includes a manual valve 80 at the outlet of the tank followed by a motorized valve 82, which allows check the circulation of the extinguishing liquid.
  • the main tank is equipped with a pipeline of filling 84 equipped with a manual valve 86, a non-return valve 88 and a filling mouth 90.
  • the output of the motorized valve 82 is connected to the input of the pump 22 whose output is connected to the main pipe 34 by a non-return valve 92.
  • the pump 22 comprises a pump proper P and a drive motor M of the diesel type so as to make the system independent of the power supply electric.
  • the outlet pipe 32 of the liquid reservoir anti-freeze 26 comprises a manual valve 94 whose outlet is connected to the inlet of the pump 28.
  • the pump outlet is connected directly to the conduit 42 of Line 34 and through a non-return valve 96 to the conduit 40.
  • This connection between the pump 28 and the conduit 42 is equipped with an anti-freeze liquid circulation indicator 98 which provides an IF signal if it detects a anti-freeze circulation.
  • the signal P1 appears when the pressure in the pipeline is below a threshold S1, for example 20 bar.
  • the signal P2 appears when the pressure is greater than a threshold S2, for example 25 bar.
  • the signal P3 appears when the pressure is below a threshold S3, for example 10 bar.
  • the pump 28 comprises, like the pump 22, a pump proper P and a drive motor type diesel M.
  • the anti-freeze reservoir 26 is equipped with a filling pipe 100 having a valve 102, a check valve 104 and a filling mouth 106.
  • the anti-freeze tank 26 is equipped with a second outlet pipe 108 for supplying the pump 22 anti-freeze through a manual valve 110 and a motorized valve 112.
  • the motorized valves 82 and 112 each comprise a valve proper V and an actuator A which is controlled by signals P3 and FI.
  • the motor of the pump 22 is controlled by the signals P3 and FI while the pump motor 28 is controlled by the signals P1 and P2.
  • the conduits 40 and 42 are connected to each other at their end, that is to say at the tail of the convoy on the loading wagon, by a manual valve 116 which is open to allow the circulation of the antifreeze liquid in the direction of the arrows f1 and f2 by following the non-return valve 96.
  • the ducts 40 and 42 are connected by a manual valve 114 which is closed.
  • each duct 40 and 42 supplies watering nozzles, for example at number of 15, which are referenced N1 to N15 for the leads 40 and N16 to N30 for the conduit 42, the intermediary of diversions equipped with valves motorized A1, C1, B1 for the ducts 40 and A2, C2 and B2 for the conduit 42.
  • Each bypass and motorized valve feeds five watering nozzles among the thirty covering a wagon.
  • the pipes 40 and 42 are filled with liquid extinguisher with anti-freeze under pressure while the branches supplying the watering nozzles contain no liquid during normal operation, that is to say, out fire in the wagon.
  • nozzles are preferably arranged on the part high of each car near the vertical walls and their jet of extinguishing liquid is directed towards the down and inside the car at a particular angle to be as effective as possible vis-à-vis a fire on the road vehicle.
  • the motorized valves A1, C1, B1, A2, C2 and B2 are controlled by the signals provided by a PLC 44 each car ( Figure 4).
  • This controller 44 is connected by a cable 46 to infrared radiation detectors S1 to S18 distributed by half on one side and the other of each wagon W1 to Wm and arranged in the upper part of the walls vertical of the wagon.
  • the electrical signals provided by detectors S1 to S18 are analyzed by a electronic device, which is part of the automaton 44, so as to detect, on the one hand, a temperature above ambient temperature and, on the other hand, a rate of increase of this temperature which is above a certain threshold.
  • This algorithm is, for example, intended to detect a class A fire in slow development according to criteria of the association called "National Fire Protection Association ".
  • the number n of samples per S detector will be sixteen over a time interval of thirty seconds, one sample every two seconds at times V0, V1, ..., V15, V0 being the date the most recent ( Figure 6).
  • the exceeding of the temperature threshold Ta must be detected for a detector S over at least three consecutive values T (S, V0), T (S, V1) and T (S, V2) while the temperature gradient R (S) of the detector S is calculated on the sixteen values T (S, V0) to T (S, V15) according to the following formula:
  • Figure 7 illustrates, in the form of a diagram logic, the operations carried out by the circuit of treatment 56 on the n samples from a only detector S.
  • the three consecutive values of temperature T (S, V0), T (S, V1) and T (S, V2) are compared with step 60 at threshold Ta and provide a logical state 1 if they are equal to or greater than threshold Ta.
  • step 62 An AND logic operation is performed in step 62 on the three logical states resulting from operation 60 of way to provide a logical state 1 for three simultaneous overruns.
  • the gradient R (S) is compared with the threshold Ra to provide a logical state 1 if it is equal or greater than Ra.
  • the logical states resulting from steps 62 and 66 are combined in a logical operation ET 68 to provide an AL (S) fire detection alarm in case of overtaking Ta and Ra.
  • the position of the fire is defined by that of the detector S.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the respective positions of detectors S1 to S18 of the watering nozzles N1 to N30, watering areas A, B and C and extinguishing areas FS1 to FS2. It also illustrates valves A1 and A2, B1 and B2, C1 and C2 which are actuated to realize the respective watering of zones A, B and C. It is note that each FS1 and FS2 extinction zone includes two watering zones: A and C for the zone for extinction FS1 and B and C for the extinction zone FS2.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a strategy to combat the fire in a wagon depending on the detector that has provided the alarm signal AL.
  • an AL alarm from a sensors S1 to S4 and S10 to S13 causes watering in the FS1 extinction zone including the zones watering A and C.
  • An AL alarm from a central S5 detector or S14 causes watering in both areas extinction FS1 and FS2, that is to say over the entire length of the wagon.
  • An alarm AL from one of the detectors S6 to S9 and S15 to S18 causes watering in the extinction zone FS2 including the watering zones B and C.
  • ducts 40 and 42 In normal operation, that is to say outside fire, ducts 40 and 42 contain an extinguishing liquid with antifreeze under a pressure of between 20 and 25 bars. Motorized valves A1 and A2, B1 and B2, C1 and C2, are closed so that the watering nozzles N1 to N30 are in the dry state, that is to say without liquid.
  • the pressure is maintained between 20 and 25 bar thanks to pressure switches PS1 and PS2 that provide, one a signal P1 for starting the pump 28 and the other, a stop signal P2 of the pump 28.
  • At least one of the motorized valves A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2 are open so that the pressure in the ducts 40 and 42 drop to the value of 10 bar, which is detected by the PS3 pressure switch providing the signal P3.
  • the pump 28 was started by the signal P1 so that the extinguishing liquid flows in ducts 40 and 42 in the direction of the arrows f1 and f2.
  • This circulation is detected by the device 98 which then provides an IF signal.
  • the combination of P3 and FI signals opens the valve motorized 82 so that the pump 22 is powered by extinguisher liquid, which is propelled at high pressure, for example 130 bars, in the pipeline 34 by the pump 22 started by signals P3 and FI.
  • the pipe 34 supplies the pipes 40 and 42 so that the extinguishing liquid flows in the direction of the arrows f3 under high pressure which is higher at the threshold of the PS3 contactor.
  • the pump 28 is therefore stopped by P2 signal.
  • signals P3 and FI close the valve motorized 112 so that the pump 22 is no longer anti-freeze, avoiding the draining of the tank 26 in case of fire.
  • infrared radiation detectors can be arranged according to a layout adapted to the types of vehicles to be transported. Watering nozzles may also be placed on the wagon on positions more suited to fight the fire. By elsewhere, firefighting strategies can also be different without departing from the invention.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. System zur Erfassung und Bekämpfung eines Brandes in einem Eisenbahnzug mit mehreren Wagens (W1 bis Wm), von denen wenigstens ein Wagon (18) wenigstens ein Reservoir (20) für ein flüssiges Löschmittel und wenigstens eine Vortriebseinrichtung (22) für das flüssige Löschmittel in Verteiler- Rohleitungen (34, 40,42) zu den anderen Wagons aufweist, wobei die Rohrleitungen auf jedem Wagon zum Transport von ein oder mehreren Straßenfahrzeugen mit Ventilen ausgestattet sind, die Sprengdüsen versorgen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Wagon zum Transport von ein oder mehreren Straßenfahrzeugen aufweist:
    eine Vorrichtung (50, 52, 54, 86) zur Erfassung der Position eines Brandherdes. die eine Mehrzahl von mit Infrarotstrahlung arbeitenden Detektoren (S1 bis S18) an bestimmten Positionen des Wagens in Bezug zu den Sprengdüsen aufweist, und
    eine elektronische Einrichtung (58) zur Steuerung der Ventile (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2), mit welchen die Verteiler- Rohrleitungen (40, 42) jedes Wagons versehen sind, in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Detektors (S1 bis S18), der die Infrarotstrahlung erfasst hat, um die Sprengdüsen (N1 bis N30) in der Nähe des Brandherdes auszulösen.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erfassungseinrichtung aufweist:
    Mittel (50, 52) zum Analysieren der durch die Infrarotdetektoren gelieferten elektrischen Signale, um eine Temperatur (T) zu messen,
    Mittel (54, 56) zum Behandeln der von jedem Detektor gemessenen Temperaturwerte, um so eine Überschreitung eines Schwellenwertes (Ta) der Temperatur und eines Schwellenwertes (Ra) eines Temperaturgradienten zu bestimmen, und
    Mittel (60, 62, 64, 66, 68) zum Liefern eines Alarms (AL), während die Temperatur (T) und der Temperaturgradient (R) eines Detektors gleich oder größer der jeweiligen Schwellenwerte (Ta, Ra) sind.
  3. System nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Sprengdüsen (N1 bis N30) in Zonen (A, B,C) angeordnet sind, wobei die Sprengdüsen jeder Zone durch wenigstens ein motorbetriebenes Ventil (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2) versorgt werden, und
    dass die elektronische Steuereinrichtung (58) der motorbetriebenen Ventile eine logische Schaltung (58) aufweist, um wenigstens ein motorbetriebenes Ventil in Abhängigkeit von dem Detektor, der ein Alarmsignal (AL) geliefert hat, in Betrieb zu setzen.
  4. System nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Überschreitung des Schwellenwertes der Temperatur (Ta) bei wenigstens drei aufeinanderfolgenden Temperaturwerten gemessen wird und dass der Temperaturgradient auf der Basis einer Mehrzahl (n) von aufeinanderfolgenden Temperaturwerten gemessen wird.
  5. System nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Temperaturgradient gemäß der Formel berechnet wird:
    Figure 00170001
    in welcher:
    vi die Messung am Zeitpunkt i von n ist,
    s der von der Messung vi betroffene Detektor ist,
    T (s, vi) die am Zeitpunkt i für den Detektor s gemessene Temperatur ist.
  6. System nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    die Sprengdüsen eines Wagons zum Transport von ein oder mehreren Straßenfahrzeugen durch trockene Versorgungsleitungen mit den Ventilen der Verteiler-Rohrleitungen verbunden sind.
  7. System nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner umfasst,
    eine Reservoir (2b) für flüssiges Frostschutzmittel, das auf dem Transportwagon des Reservoirs für das flüssige Löschmittel angeordnet ist,
    Mittel (28) zum Vortreiben des flüssigen Frostschutzmittels in die Verteiler-Rohrleitungen (40, 42) des flüssigen Löschmittels und zum Beibehalten (PS1, PS2) eines bestimmten Druckes in den Rohrleitungen,
    Mittel (PS3, 98) zum Erfassen einer Druckabnahme in den Rohrleitungen (40, 42) und zum Inbetriebsetzen der Vorrichtung (22) zum Vortrieb des Löschmittels, um die Rohrleitungen (40, 42) unter hohem Druck zu versorgen, wenn ein Veneilerventil (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2) auf einem Wagon zum Transport von Straßenfahrzeugen durch die elektronische Steuervorrichtung (58) der Ventile geöffnet worden ist.
  8. System nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieses ferner umfasst:
    Mittel (112, PS3, 98) zum Abstellen der Versorgung der Rohrleitungen mit flüssigem Frostschutzmittel gleich bei Inbetriebnahme der Vortriebseinrichtung (22) des Löschmittels.
EP01903915A 2000-01-14 2001-01-11 System zur erkennung und zur bekämpfung eines brandes in einem eisenbahnzug Expired - Lifetime EP1246669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0000467 2000-01-14
FR0000467A FR2803763B1 (fr) 2000-01-14 2000-01-14 Systeme de detection et de lutte contre l'incendie dans un convoi ferroviaire
PCT/FR2001/000078 WO2001051130A1 (fr) 2000-01-14 2001-01-11 Systeme de detection et de lutte contre l'incendie dans un convoi ferroviaire

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EP1246669A1 EP1246669A1 (de) 2002-10-09
EP1246669B1 true EP1246669B1 (de) 2005-04-06

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EP (1) EP1246669B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE292497T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2001231873A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2803763B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2001051130A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108313082A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2018-07-24 李理 一种铁路运输煤车厢用安全环保盖板
RU2772200C1 (ru) * 2021-07-30 2022-05-18 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МорТех" Способ автоматического пожаротушения и автоматическая система для его осуществления

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2364243B (en) * 2000-06-05 2004-02-25 Alan Randall Tunnel fire extinguisher system
ES2182720B1 (es) * 2001-07-31 2004-09-16 Metro De Madrid, S.A. Sistema y metodo para la proteccion contra incendios en unidades moviles.
FR2843886B1 (fr) * 2002-09-02 2005-09-16 Cie Centrale Sicli Dispositif de lutte contre l'incendie d'un vehicule de transport terrestre
EP1393778B1 (de) * 2002-09-02 2009-07-08 Compagnie Centrale Sicli S.A. Einrichtung zur Feuerbekämpfung bei Kraftfahrzeugen
ITMI20041315A1 (it) * 2004-06-30 2004-09-30 Kidde Italia Spa Sistemi a spruzzatura di liquidi per protezione antincendio delle carrozze ferroviarie
KR100637846B1 (ko) * 2004-08-24 2006-10-23 샬롬엔지니어링 주식회사 열차 자동 화재진압 장치
IT1396431B1 (it) * 2009-10-26 2012-11-23 Muller Carrozza ferroviaria con unita' a getto ad alta pressione per l'estinzione di un incendio e procedimento per l'estinzione di un incendio in una carrozza ferroviaria
CN115887972B (zh) * 2022-11-15 2024-08-13 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 一种列车灭火系统及方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2215204B (en) * 1988-02-24 1993-12-08 James Steel Fire protection system for passenger carriers
FR2769508B1 (fr) * 1997-10-15 1999-12-17 Jean Aime Andre Poncet Dispositif d'extinction automatique d'incendie integre a un convoi ferroviaire

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108313082A (zh) * 2018-04-04 2018-07-24 李理 一种铁路运输煤车厢用安全环保盖板
CN108313082B (zh) * 2018-04-04 2019-05-10 于法周 一种铁路运输煤车厢用安全环保盖板
RU2772200C1 (ru) * 2021-07-30 2022-05-18 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МорТех" Способ автоматического пожаротушения и автоматическая система для его осуществления

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EP1246669A1 (de) 2002-10-09
AU2001231873A1 (en) 2001-07-24
FR2803763B1 (fr) 2002-04-12
ATE292497T1 (de) 2005-04-15
WO2001051130A1 (fr) 2001-07-19
FR2803763A1 (fr) 2001-07-20

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