EP1243753B1 - Tubing segment for lining a tunnel - Google Patents
Tubing segment for lining a tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1243753B1 EP1243753B1 EP02006028A EP02006028A EP1243753B1 EP 1243753 B1 EP1243753 B1 EP 1243753B1 EP 02006028 A EP02006028 A EP 02006028A EP 02006028 A EP02006028 A EP 02006028A EP 1243753 B1 EP1243753 B1 EP 1243753B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubbing
- steel
- coupling element
- ring
- steel insert
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tubbing, in particular a Hochadostübbing, for a tubbing ring for underground tunnel construction, the tubbing consists of concrete and ringfugen matter has at least one coupling element for a positive engagement with a Komplementärkopplungselement on a second tubbing in a adjacent tubbing ring, wherein at least one steel insert in the ring-joint-side surface of the tubbing is concreted in and wherein the steel insert has the coupling element.
- Tunnel tubes e.g. serve as subway lines, are increasingly produced in shield tunneling with segmental lining.
- the tunnel tube is lined in this case by Tübbingringen successively arranged in the tunnel longitudinal direction.
- Each tubbing ring consists of a plurality of distributed over the circumference of the tubbing ring individual tubbing. Between two adjacent tubbing rings or between two adjacent tubbings of these two tubbing rings is the so-called annular joint. Between the tubbings of a tubbing ring, the so-called longitudinal joints are arranged in each case.
- the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a tubbing of the type mentioned, can be made with the tubbing rings, in the ring joints and very high forces can be transmitted without the tubbing or the tubbing ring is impaired or damaged.
- the invention teaches a tubbing of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the coupling element and the complementary coupling element for power transmission between the tubbings can be brought into engagement with each other.
- - Embedded steel insert means in the context of the invention that the steel insert forms at least a part of the annular joint side surface. In other words, therefore, the annular joint-side surface of a tubbings at least partially made of steel.
- the fact that the steel insert according to the invention has the coupling element, in the context of the invention also means that the steel insert as such can form the
- each tubbing has two sides of the ring-joint. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that a tubbing according to the invention has a coupling element on each ring-joint side or has a coupling element on one ring-joint side and has a complementary coupling element on its other ring-joint side.
- An inventive tubbing is normally and preferably designed as a cylinder jacket section.
- a plurality of the tubbing invention complements a cylinder jacket which forms the tunnel tube.
- a tubbing according to the invention consists of hardened concrete.
- Hardened concrete comprises in particular unreinforced concrete and / or concrete reinforced with reinforcing steel and / or concrete reinforced with steel fibers and / or concrete mixed with plastic fibers.
- the tubbing B are suitable below Reinforcement elements still present or embedded in concrete.
- the width of a tubbing or the width of a tubbing ring (in the tunnel longitudinal direction) is expediently 1 to 2 m, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 m.
- a tubbing ring is preferably composed of seven to ten tubbings according to the invention and one capstone. Accordingly, then the arc length of a tubbings is 1/7 to 1/10 of the inner circumference of the tubbing ring or the tunnel tube, minus the keystone.
- the coupling element is a running over at least the majority of the length 1 of the tubbing groove, which groove is provided for a positive connection with a running over the majority of the length of the second tubbing spring element as Komplementärkopplungselement.
- Length 1 of the tubbings means the extension of the tubbings in the tubbing ring circumferential direction or in the tunnel circumferential direction.
- Much of the length 1 of the tubbing means in particular at least 70% of the length 1 of the tubbing.
- the coupling element is a groove extending over the entire length 1 of the tubbing.
- the complementary coupling element is expediently a over the entire length of the second tubbing extending spring element.
- the spring element is made entirely of steel.
- at least the groove flanks are made of steel.
- the toothing depth and thus the groove depth t is preferably 10 to 40 mm, preferably 20 to 30 mm.
- the width n of the groove, ie in particular the extent of the groove perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tubbing is preferably 10 to 30 cm, preferably 15 to 25 cm.
- the Slot width mentioned above is particularly advantageous for segment thicknesses between 30 and 40 cm.
- At least 40%, preferably at least 50%, of a ring-joint-side surface of the tubbing according to the invention is formed by the steel insert.
- at least 70% of a ring-joint-side surface of the steel insert is formed.
- the entire annular joint surface is formed by the steel insert.
- the width of the steel insert corresponds to the segment thickness.
- a steel insert is also embedded in the longitudinal joint-side surface of a tubbing according to the invention. Longitudinal joint means in the invention, the gap between two adjacent tubbing in a tubbing ring.
- the entire longitudinal-joint-side surface of the tubbing is formed by the steel insert.
- a steel insert is concreted into the surface on the surface of the annular joint, and if a steel insert is also embedded in concrete in the longitudinal joint-side surface, a segment according to the invention is enclosed by a steel frame.
- the steel inserts can be welded together at the four corners of the tubbing. In this way, a tensile outer frame for a tubbing invention. This outer frame can be used as a lost formwork and thus replace the side elements of a Tübbingschalungsform and this outer frame can at the same time contain or absorb sealing elements.
- At least one cam is arranged as a coupling element on the annular joint side, which cam is provided for a positive connection with a pot-like recess as a complementary coupling element.
- This coupling is a pot-cam toothing. It is within the scope of the invention that a cam has the shape of a truncated cone with top-side or cup-sided rounding. The pot-like recess as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing is then formed accordingly.
- a coupling or a positive connection between the coupling elements and complementary coupling elements takes place only at certain locations with respect to the ring circumference of a tubbing ring.
- a cam provided as a coupling element may also consist of the concrete or reinforced concrete of the tubbing inside, and thus the steel insert merely forms the surface of the cam. This embodiment also falls under the requirement of claim 1, according to which the steel insert has the coupling element or forms the coupling element.
- the steel insert has at least one rectangular cross-section steel pin as a coupling element on, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing ring.
- cross-section rectangular refers in particular to the cross-sectional area parallel to the annular groove.
- the steel pin is cuboidal.
- the steel pin may have inclined flanks. It is within the scope of the invention that in this embodiment with a cross-sectionally rectangular steel pin, the width s of the steel insert is at most 40%, preferably at most 35% of the thickness d of the tubbing. The width s corresponds to the extent of the steel insert in the radial direction of the tunnel construction.
- the width z of the steel pin is preferably at most 25%, preferably at most 20% of the thickness d of the tubbing.
- the width z also corresponds to the extent of the steel pin in the radial direction of the tunnel construction.
- the steel pin extends only over a relatively small part of the length 1 of the tubbing.
- the rectangular cross-section steel pin extends over a maximum of 25%, preferably over a maximum of 20% of the length 1 of the tubbing.
- the steel insert has at least one circular cross-section steel pin as a coupling element, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing.
- Circular in cross-section here refers to the cross-sectional area parallel to the annular joint. It is within the scope of the invention that the in cross section circular steel pin is cylindrical or frusto-conical.
- the width s of the steel insert maximally 40%, preferably at most 35% of the thickness d of the tubbing. Width s refers to the expansion of the steel insert in the radial direction with respect to the tunnel construction.
- the width z of the circular pin in the circular cross section is expediently not more than 10% of the thickness d of the tubbing.
- At least one anchoring element protruding into the tubing is connected to the steel insert for anchoring the steel insert in the concrete of the tubbing.
- the anchoring element is expediently a steel element, which is preferably welded to the relevant steel insert of the tubbing.
- the anchoring element can be designed, for example, in the form of anchoring rods or as anchoring loop.
- the anchoring element may also be a headed bolt. Conveniently, several head bolt dowels are provided as anchoring elements for the steel insert in this embodiment of the invention.
- the anchoring element may also be an anchor bar.
- the extension e of the anchoring element in the interior of the tubbing is more than twice the thickness D of the steel insert.
- Extension e here means the extension of the anchoring element in the direction parallel to the tunnel longitudinal direction or parallel to the tunnel longitudinal axis.
- Thickness D of the steel insert expediently means the thickest point of the steel insert.
- the extension e of the anchoring element is more than three times, preferably more than four times the thickness D of the steel insert.
- the tubbing has at least one reinforcing element, which is integrated in the concrete of the tubbing.
- a metal rod reinforcement element is used as a reinforcing element.
- a plurality of interconnected metal rods form the metal bar reinforcement element.
- a reinforcing element according to the invention consists of steel and preferably the anchoring element is connected to this reinforcing element, preferably welded.
- the reinforcing element is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a reinforcing cage.
- the reinforcing elements or the reinforcing cages are preferably arranged in the annular joint-side areas of the tubbing.
- at least one reinforcing element is angeorndet in a ring-joint-side region of the tubbing whose width B 1 5 to 35%, preferably 5 to 30%, preferably 5 to 25% of the total width B of the tubbing. It is within the scope of the invention that the width B 1 corresponds to 5 to 20% or 5 to 15% or 10 to 15% of the total width B of the tubbing.
- at least one reinforcing element is provided in each of the two annular joint-side regions of a tubbing.
- one in one Reinforcement element provided on the ring-joint-side region of the tubbing also extends beyond the corresponding longitudinal-edge-side edge region or the corresponding longitudinal-joint-side edge regions of the tubbing.
- At least 60%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 75% of the reinforcing element or the components of the reinforcing element are arranged in a region having a width a, extending from an annular surface side and / or from the inside tunnel surface and / or from the outer tunnel-side surface and / or from at least one longitudinal-joint-side surface of the tubing extends into Tübbinginnere and that the width a preferably 5 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, very preferably 5 to 15% of the thickness d of the tubbing corresponds.
- the percentages given with respect to the reinforcing element or the components of the reinforcing element are in particular weight percentages.
- the arranged in the region of the width a reinforcing element or the components arranged therein of the reinforcing element is also arranged in the above-mentioned annular gap side region of the tubbings with the width B 1 .
- a reinforcing cage is used in the invention, which consists of U-shaped reinforcing bars or closed annular reinforcing bars, wherein the reinforcing bars are connected by longitudinal reinforcing rods together.
- the above-explained reinforcing elements, according to the preferred Embodiment of the invention are connected to at least one anchoring element of the steel insert, in combination with the steel inserts according to the invention is of particular importance.
- At least one sealing frame element is provided in the annular-joint-side surface of a tubbing according to the invention, which extends over the length of the annular-surface-side surface.
- the sealing frame elements of the tubbing ring combined to form a tubbing ring then complement each other to form a circumferential sealing ring over the circumference of the tubule ring.
- the tubbings have corresponding sealing frame elements in an adjacent tubbing ring, which bear against the sealing frame elements of the first tubbings in the installed state of the tubbings or the tubbing rings.
- the sealing frame elements can be glued into a sealing groove of a tubbing.
- the sealing frame elements are embedded in the tubbing and are anchored, for example, with inclined anchoring ribs in the concrete of the tubbing.
- the concreting of the steel insert according to the invention into a tubbing is expediently carried out in a corresponding formwork form for the tubbing.
- the steel insert is inserted into a mold and preferably fixed or fastened to the formwork releasably.
- at least one reinforcing element is inserted into the formwork and preferably releasably attached to the formwork Formwork attached.
- the concrete is poured into the formwork.
- the steel insert and preferably also the reinforcing element can be separated by means of the releasable connection of the formwork.
- the concrete of the tubbing is reinforced with steel fibers.
- the steel fiber content is 20 to 70 kg / m 3 , for example 30 to 65 kg / m 3 , preferably 30 to 50 kg / m 3 .
- Steel fibers having a length to thickness ratio of 60 to 80 are preferably used.
- the strength of the steel fibers is suitably 1,000 to 1,400 N / mm 2 . It is also possible to use high-strength fibers having a strength of 2,300 to 3,200 N / mm 2 .
- the concrete of the tubbing in addition to steel fibers and plastic fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers.
- the fiber content of plastic fibers is suitably 1 to 4 kg / m 3 , preferably 2 to 3 kg / m 3 .
- the fiber reinforcement is also of particular importance in combination with the steel insert according to the invention.
- the invention is based on the finding that surprisingly resistant high-performance tubbings or tubbing rings composed thereof are obtained when the teaching according to the invention is realized.
- the Hoch orientalstübbings invention can be very high in the ring joints between the tubbing rings problem Forces are transmitted.
- the tubbing according to the invention is not adversely affected or damaged.
- cracking or chipping on the high-performance tubbings does not occur even with very high force transmissions.
- the segments according to the invention are distinguished by a surprisingly high resistance, even in the case of fire and heat.
- an inventive tubbing can be made in a very simple and inexpensive manner. Since due to the coupling elements according to the invention and complementary coupling elements an effective toothing between adjacent tubbing rings is achieved and this in turn a trouble-free power transmission is possible, the thickness of the tubbing according to the invention over the thickness of the previously known tubbing can be reduced in principle. The thickness of the tubbing can be reduced to below 35 cm, for example.
- a tunnel tube for an underground tunnel construction is shown.
- the tunnel tube is constructed from segments 1 according to the invention.
- the tubbings 1 are made of reinforced concrete and are each designed in the form of a cylinder jacket section.
- Several tubbings 1 form a tubbing ring 2 and the adjacent tubbing rings 2 form the tunnel tube.
- the joint between two adjacent tubbing rings 2 is referred to as ring joint 3.
- the joint between two adjacent tubbings 1 of a tubbing ring 2 is referred to as a longitudinal joint 4.
- An inventive tubbing 1 has on the annular joint side at least one coupling element for a positive connection with a complementary coupling element on a second tubbing 1 'in an adjacent tubbing ring.
- the tubbing 1, 1 expediently has the coupling element on the side assigned to a ring joint 3 and the complementary coupling element on the side assigned to the other annular joint 3.
- At least one steel insert 5 is cast in a ring-joint-side surface 6 of a tubbing 1 according to the invention.
- the steel insert 5 has the coupling element on the side of the tubbings 1 facing the ring groove 3, or the steel insert 5 forms the coupling element here.
- the steel insert 5 expediently on the complementary coupling element or forms here the steel insert 5, the complementary coupling element.
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of two inventive tubbings 1, 1 '.
- the coupling element is a groove 7 extending over the length 1 of the tubbings 1.
- length 1 means the arc length of the tubbings 1 (see FIG Fig. 1 ).
- This groove 7 is for a positive connection with a over the length of the second tubbings 1 'extending spring element 8 is provided.
- the spring element 8 is made of steel.
- the groove edges 9 are made of steel. Since preferably and in the embodiment both the groove 7 and the spring element 8 extend over the entire length 1 of the respective tubbings 1, 1 ', both groove 7 and spring element 8 extend over the entire circumference of the respective tubbing ring 2.
- the width n of Groove 7 is expediently 15 to 25 cm, in particular if the thickness d of a tubbing 1, 1 'is 30 to 40 cm.
- the groove depth t is preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
- the groove flanks 9 are formed inclined spring element side and the inclination angle is ⁇ ⁇ 45 °.
- an anchoring rod 10 is connected as an anchoring element to the steel insert 5 of the tubbings 1 forming groove flanks 9, wherein the anchoring rods 10 are preferably welded to the groove flanks 9.
- the extent e of the anchoring rods 10 (with respect to the tunnel longitudinal direction or with respect to the direction of the tunnel longitudinal axis) into the interior of the tubbing 1 is a multiple of the thickness D of the steel insert 5.
- a plurality of anchoring rods 10 are each connected to a groove flank 9 and are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the tubbing 1.
- an anchoring bracket 11 as an anchoring element is connected to the steel insert 5 of the tubbing 1 'forming spring element 8 to an anchoring bracket 11 as an anchoring element is.
- several of these anchoring brackets 11 are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the tubbing 1 '.
- an anchoring element and in Fig. 2 in particular the anchoring bracket 11 connected to a reinforcing cage 12 of the tubbing 1, 1 'and suitably welded to this reinforcing cage 12.
- the reinforcement cage 12 consists of U-shaped reinforcing brackets 13, wherein preferably a plurality of U-shaped reinforcing brackets 13 in the longitudinal direction of the tubbing 1, 1 'are arranged parallel to each other.
- the U-shaped reinforcing bars 13 are connected by parallel longitudinal reinforcing rods 14 which are fixedly connected to the U-shaped reinforcing bracket 13, are suitably welded.
- the reinforcement cage 12 or its U-shaped reinforcing bracket 13 and the longitudinal reinforcement bars 14 in a ring-joint-side region of the tubbings 1, 1 ', wherein the width B 1 of this annular joint-side region preferably 5 to 20%, preferably and in the embodiment corresponds to 10 to 15% of the total width B of the tubbing 1, 1 '.
- the reinforcement cage 12 or the components of the reinforcement cage 12 are arranged in a ring-joint-side edge zone 15 with the width a and arranged in a tunnel outer-side edge zone 16 with the width a and arranged in a tunnel inner side edge zone 17 with the width a.
- the width a extends from the annular joint-side surface 6 or from the tunnel outside Surface 29 or from the inner tunnel-side surface 28 in the inner part of the tubbing and preferably and in the embodiment corresponds to a maximum of 30% of the thickness d of the tubbing.
- a further embodiment can be seen, in which the coupling element is a running over the length 1 of the tubbings 1 groove 7, which groove 7 is provided for a positive connection with the over the length of the second tubbings 1 'extending spring element 8.
- the entire ring-joint-side surface 6 of the tubbings 1 and also the entire ring-joint-side surface 6 of the tubbings 1 ' are formed by the respective steel insert 5.
- To the steel inserts 5 close Kopfbolzendübel 19 as anchoring elements, which protrude into the interior of the tubbing 1 and the tubbing 1 '.
- the head bolt dowels 19 are suitably welded to the steel inserts 5.
- Fig. 4 shows the longitudinal joints 4 between two in a tubbing ring 2 adjacent tubbing 1 and adjacent tubbing 1 '.
- the longitudinal joint-side surfaces 20 have a steel insert 21 which is embedded in the respective tubbing 1, 1 '.
- the steel inserts 21 are welded to the respective adjacent steel core 5.
- a tubbing 1 at its two annular joint surfaces 6 and at its two longitudinal joint-side surfaces 20 steel inserts 5, 21 has.
- the tubbing 1 is then bordered by a steel frame, which is formed by the steel inserts 5, 21.
- Such a tubbing 1 is characterized by a special stability.
- Additional reinforcement baskets can basically be dispensed with in this case.
- the steel inserts 5, 21 are expediently welded together at their four corners, so that a tensile-resistant frame is formed.
- the sealing frame elements 22, 23 then complement each other in a tubbing 1, 1 'to a circumferential sealing frame.
- the sealing frame elements 22 of two tubbings 1, 1' which are provided in the annular joint-side surfaces 6 abut one another and form an effective seal.
- the embodiment see for example Fig.
- sealing frame members 22 in the tunnel outer half of the tubbings 1, 1 'are arranged.
- sealing frame elements 23 also in the longitudinal joints 4 between the in a tubbing ring 2 adjacent tubbings 1, 1 'are arranged and form an effective seal.
- Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the tubbings 1, 1 'according to the invention.
- the tubbing 1 at the ring-joint side has at least one cam 24 as a coupling element.
- This cam 24 is provided for a positive connection with a cup-shaped recess 25 as a complementary coupling element in the tubbing 1 '.
- the cam 24 has the shape of a truncated cone with pot-sided rounding.
- the cam 24 in the interior also consists of the concrete of the tubbing 1 and has only the steel insert 5 on its outer surface.
- the flanks of the cup-shaped recess are formed inclined and with an inclination angle ⁇ , which is expediently 40 ° to 60 °, in the exemplary embodiment 45 °.
- an anchoring bracket 11 which is suitably fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage 12 of the tubbing 1.
- anchoring brackets 11 'and 11''connected which are also connected to the associated reinforcement cage 12 expediently.
- Fig. 6 again shows that the extension e of the anchoring elements (anchoring brackets 11, 11 ', 11'') into the interior of the tubbing 1, 1' is a multiple of the thickness D of the steel inserts 5.
- Fig. 7 to 10 show a further embodiment of the tubbings 1 according to the invention, in which the steel insert 5 a steel pin 26 has as a coupling element, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket 27 as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing 1 '.
- the steel pin 26 may be rectangular in cross-section.
- the steel pocket 27 is rectangular in cross section.
- the steel pin 26 may be circular in cross-section.
- the steel pin 26 is designed as a whole cylindrical or frusto-conical. It is understood that the steel pocket 27 has a corresponding shape for a positive connection.
- the steel insert 5 a steel pin 26 has as a coupling element, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket 27 as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing 1 '.
- the steel pin 26 may be rectangular in cross-section.
- the steel pocket 27 is rectangular in cross section.
- the steel pin 26 is designed as a whole cylindrical or frusto-
- the width s of the steel insert 5 is less than 30% of the thickness d of the tubbings 1, 1 '. Furthermore, the width z of the steel pin 26 is less than 20% of the thickness d of the tubbings 1, 1 '.
- anchoring brackets 11 are connected to each of the two steel inserts 5 of the tubbings 1, 1 ', which anchoring brackets 11 are preferably fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage 12.
- anchoring brackets 11 are connected to each of the two steel inserts 5 of the tubbings 1, 1 ', which anchoring brackets 11 are preferably fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Tübbing, insbesondere einen Hochleistungstübbing, für einen Tübbingring zum unterirdischen Tunnelausbau, wobei der Tübbing aus Beton besteht und ringfugenseitig zumindest ein Kopplungselement für einen formschlüssigen Eingriff mit einem Komplementärkopplungselement an einem zweiten Tübbing in einem benachbarten Tübbingring aufweist, wobei zumindest eine Stahleinlage in die ringfugenseitige Oberfläche des Tübbings einbetoniert ist und wobei die Stahleinlage das Kopplungselement aufweist.The invention relates to a tubbing, in particular a Hochleistungstübbing, for a tubbing ring for underground tunnel construction, the tubbing consists of concrete and ringfugenseitig has at least one coupling element for a positive engagement with a Komplementärkopplungselement on a second tubbing in a adjacent tubbing ring, wherein at least one steel insert in the ring-joint-side surface of the tubbing is concreted in and wherein the steel insert has the coupling element.
Tunnelröhren, die z.B. als U-Bahnstrecken dienen, werden in zunehmendem Maße im Schildvortrieb mit Tübbingausbau hergestellt. Die Tunnelröhre wird hierbei von in Tunnellängsrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Tübbingringen ausgekleidet. Jeder Tübbingring besteht aus einer Mehrzahl über den Umfang des Tübbingringes verteilten einzelnen Tübbings. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Tübbingringen bzw. zwischen zwei aneinander grenzenden Tübbings dieser beiden Tübbingringe befindet sich die sogenannte Ringfuge. Zwischen den Tübbings eines Tübbingringes sind jeweils die sogenannten Längsfugen angeordnet.Tunnel tubes, e.g. serve as subway lines, are increasingly produced in shield tunneling with segmental lining. The tunnel tube is lined in this case by Tübbingringen successively arranged in the tunnel longitudinal direction. Each tubbing ring consists of a plurality of distributed over the circumference of the tubbing ring individual tubbing. Between two adjacent tubbing rings or between two adjacent tubbings of these two tubbing rings is the so-called annular joint. Between the tubbings of a tubbing ring, the so-called longitudinal joints are arranged in each case.
Bei der Herstellung einer Tunnelröhre durch Schildvortrieb befinden sich im Schildkopf Ausbruchvorrichtungen, die das anstehende Gebirge in der Regel durch Rotationen abbauen. Die notwendige Vorschubkraft wird dabei normalerweise durch Vorschubpressen erzeugt, die sich gegen die bereits fertiggestellte Tübbingröhre bzw. gegen die bereits fertiggestellten Tübbingringe dieser Tübbingröhre abstützen. In den Ringfugen zwischen den Tübbingringen werden die Pressenkräfte aus dem Schildvortrieb übertragen. Außerdem müssen in der Ringfuge insbesondere Koppelkräfte in radialer Richtung übertragen werden. Um die Kraftübertragungen in der Ringfuge zu gewährleisten, sind die aus der Praxis bekannten Tübbings der eingangs genannten Art, von denen die Erfindung ausgeht, mit Kopplungselementen bzw. Komplementärkopplungselementen ausgestattet, mit denen sich eine Verzahnung benachbarter Tübbingringe in der Ringfuge verwirklichen lässt. Diese bekannten Tübbings bzw. die resultierenden Tübbings, die quasi vollständig aus Beton bzw. Stahlbeton bestehen, zeichnen sich jedoch durch unerwünschte Nachteile aus. Bei der Übertragung sehr hoher Kräfte in der Ringfuge und bei entsprechender Belastung der Tübbings können Rissbildungen und sogar Abplatzungen auftreten, die die Qualität und die Funktionssicherheit der Tunnelauskleidung als Ganzes beeinträchtigen können. Bei den hohen einwirkenden Kräften können auch Dichtungen, die in den Ringfugen oder Längsfugen angeordnet sind, beeinträchtigt oder beschädigt werden. Daher sind die bekannten Tübbings verbesserungsbedürftig.In the construction of a tunnel tube by shield tunneling are located in the shield head outbreak devices that reduce the upcoming mountains usually by rotations. The necessary feed force is normally generated by feed presses, which are supported against the already finished tubbing tube or against the already finished tubbing rings this tubbing tube. In the annular joints between the tubbing rings, the pressing forces are transferred from the shield tunneling. In addition, in particular coupling forces in the radial direction must be transmitted in the annular joint. To ensure the power transmission in the annular joint, known from practice tubbing of the type mentioned, of which Starting from the invention, equipped with coupling elements or complementary coupling elements with which a toothing of adjacent tubbing rings in the annular joint can be realized. However, these known tubbings or the resulting tubbing, which consist almost completely of concrete or reinforced concrete, are characterized by undesirable disadvantages. In the transmission of very high forces in the annulus and the corresponding load on the tubbing cracks and even flaking may occur, which may affect the quality and reliability of the tunnel lining as a whole. The high forces acting on seals can be affected or damaged, which are located in the annular joints or longitudinal joints. Therefore, the known tubbings are in need of improvement.
Auch aus
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, einen Tübbing der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit dem Tübbingringe gefertigt werden können, in deren Ringfugen auch sehr hohe Kräfte übertragen werden können, ohne dass der Tübbing bzw. der Tübbingring dadurch beeinträchtigt bzw. beschädigt wird.The invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a tubbing of the type mentioned, can be made with the tubbing rings, in the ring joints and very high forces can be transmitted without the tubbing or the tubbing ring is impaired or damaged.
Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung einen Tübbing der eingangs genannten Art, welcher dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Kopplungselement und das Komplementärkopplungselement zur Kraftübertragung zwischen den Tübbings in Eingriff miteinander bringbar sind. - Einbetonierte Stahleinlage meint im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Stahleinlage zumindest einen Teil der ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche bildet. Mit anderen Worten besteht also die ringfugenseitige Oberfläche eines Tübbings zumindest teilweise aus Stahl. Dass die Stahleinlage erfindungsgemäß das Kopplungselement aufweist, meint im Rahmen der Erfindung auch, dass die Stahleinlage als solche das bilden kannTo solve this technical problem, the invention teaches a tubbing of the type mentioned, which is characterized in that the coupling element and the complementary coupling element for power transmission between the tubbings can be brought into engagement with each other. - Embedded steel insert means in the context of the invention that the steel insert forms at least a part of the annular joint side surface. In other words, therefore, the annular joint-side surface of a tubbings at least partially made of steel. The fact that the steel insert according to the invention has the coupling element, in the context of the invention also means that the steel insert as such can form the
Nach der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre weist ein Tübbing ringfugenseitig zumindest ein Kopplungselement auf. Normalerweise weist jeder Tübbing zwei Ringfugenseiten auf. Es liegt daher im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein erfindungsgemäßer Tübbing auf jeder Ringfugenseite ein Kopplungselement aufweist bzw. auf der einen Ringfugenseite ein Kopplungselement aufweist und auf seiner anderen Ringfugenseite ein Komplementärkopplungselement aufweist.According to the teaching of the invention has a tubbing ringfugenseitig at least one coupling element. Normally, each tubbing has two sides of the ring-joint. It is therefore within the scope of the invention that a tubbing according to the invention has a coupling element on each ring-joint side or has a coupling element on one ring-joint side and has a complementary coupling element on its other ring-joint side.
Ein erfindungsgemäßer Tübbing ist normalerweise und vorzugsweise zylindermantelabschnittförmig ausgebildet. Eine Mehrzahl der erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings ergänzt sich zu einem Zylindermantel, der die Tunnelröhre bildet. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein erfindungsgemäßer Tübbing aus Festbeton besteht. Festbeton umfasst insbesondere unbewehrten Beton und/oder mit Betonstahl bewehrten Beton und/oder mit Stahlfasern bewehrten Beton und/oder mit Kunststofffasern versetzten Beton. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, eine Kombination aus den vorgenannten Betonarten mit einem Zusatzmittel für hochfesten Beton zu versetzen. Vorzugsweise sind in dem Tübbing B geeignete weiter unten noch erläuterte Bewehrungselemente vorhanden bzw. einbetoniert. - Die Breite eines Tübbings bzw. die Breite eines Tübbingringes (in Tunnellängsrichtung) beträgt zweckmäßigerweise 1 bis 2 m, vorzugsweise 1,2 bis 1,5 m. Ein Tübbingring setzt sich bevorzugt aus sieben bis zehn erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings und einem Schlussstein zusammen. Dementsprechend beträgt dann die Bogenlänge eines Tübbings 1/7 bis 1/10 des Innenumfangs des Tübbingringes bzw. der Tunnelröhre, abzüglich des Schlusssteins.An inventive tubbing is normally and preferably designed as a cylinder jacket section. A plurality of the tubbing invention complements a cylinder jacket which forms the tunnel tube. It is within the scope of the invention that a tubbing according to the invention consists of hardened concrete. Hardened concrete comprises in particular unreinforced concrete and / or concrete reinforced with reinforcing steel and / or concrete reinforced with steel fibers and / or concrete mixed with plastic fibers. It is within the scope of the invention to provide a combination of the aforementioned types of concrete with an additive for high-strength concrete. Preferably, in the tubbing B are suitable below Reinforcement elements still present or embedded in concrete. The width of a tubbing or the width of a tubbing ring (in the tunnel longitudinal direction) is expediently 1 to 2 m, preferably 1.2 to 1.5 m. A tubbing ring is preferably composed of seven to ten tubbings according to the invention and one capstone. Accordingly, then the arc length of a tubbings is 1/7 to 1/10 of the inner circumference of the tubbing ring or the tunnel tube, minus the keystone.
Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Kopplungselement eine über zumindest den Großteil der Länge 1 des Tübbings verlaufende Nut, welche Nut für eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit einem über den Großteil der Länge des zweiten Tübbings verlaufenden Federelement als Komplementärkopplungselement vorgesehen ist. Länge 1 des Tübbings meint die Erstreckung des Tübbings in Tübbingringumfangsrichtung bzw. in Tunnelumfangsrichtung. Großteil der Länge 1 des Tübbings meint insbesondere zumindest 70% der Länge 1 des Tübbings. Vorzugsweise ist das Kopplungselement eine über die gesamte Länge 1 des Tübbings verlaufende Nut. Dann ist das Komplementärkopplungselement zweckmäßigerweise ein über die gesamte Länge des zweiten Tübbings verlaufendes Federelement. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das Federelement vollständig aus Stahl besteht. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Nut bestehen zumindest die Nutflanken aus Stahl. Die Verzahnungstiefe und somit die Nuttiefe t beträgt vorzugsweise 10 bis 40 mm, bevorzugt 20 bis 30 mm. Die Breite n der Nut, d.h. insbesondere die Ausdehnung der Nut senkrecht zur Längsrichtung des Tübbings beträgt vorzugsweise 10 bis 30 cm, bevorzugt 15 bis 25 cm. Die vorstehend angegebene Nutbreite ist insbesondere bei Tübbingdicken zwischen 30 und 40 cm vorteilhaft.According to one embodiment of the invention, the coupling element is a running over at least the majority of the
Nach einer sehr bevorzugten Variante dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden zumindest 40%, vorzugsweise zumindest 50% einer ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings von der Stahleinlage gebildet. Zweckmäßigerweise werden bei dieser Ausführungsform zumindest 70% einer ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche von der Stahleinlage gebildet. Nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform wird die gesamte ringfugenseitige Oberfläche von der Stahleinlage gebildet. Dann entspricht die Breite der Stahleinlage der Tübbingdicke. - Nach einer sehr bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist eine Stahleinlage auch in die längsfugenseitige Oberfläche eines erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings einbetoniert. Längsfuge meint im Rahmen der Erfindung die Fuge zwischen zwei benachbarten Tübbings in einem Tübbingring. Vorzugsweise wird die gesamte längsfugenseitige Oberfläche des Tübbings von der Stahleinlage gebildet. Wenn erfindungsgemäß eine Stahleinlage in die ringfugenseitige Oberfläche einbetoniert ist und wenn eine Stahleinlage auch in die längsfugenseitige Oberfläche einbetoniert ist, wird ein erfindungsgemäßer Tübbing von einem Stahlrahmen eingefasst. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Stahleinlagen an den vier Eckpunkten des Tübbings miteinander verschweißt werden können. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein zugfester Außenrahmen für einen erfindungsgemäßen Tübbing. Dieser Außenrahmen kann als verlorene Schalung genutzt werden und somit die Seitenelemente einer Tübbingschalungsform ersetzen und dieser Außenrahmen kann auch gleichzeitig Dichtungselemente enthalten bzw. aufnehmen.According to a very preferred variant of this embodiment of the invention, at least 40%, preferably at least 50%, of a ring-joint-side surface of the tubbing according to the invention is formed by the steel insert. Conveniently, in this embodiment, at least 70% of a ring-joint-side surface of the steel insert is formed. According to a particular embodiment, the entire annular joint surface is formed by the steel insert. Then the width of the steel insert corresponds to the segment thickness. - According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, a steel insert is also embedded in the longitudinal joint-side surface of a tubbing according to the invention. Longitudinal joint means in the invention, the gap between two adjacent tubbing in a tubbing ring. Preferably, the entire longitudinal-joint-side surface of the tubbing is formed by the steel insert. If, according to the invention, a steel insert is concreted into the surface on the surface of the annular joint, and if a steel insert is also embedded in concrete in the longitudinal joint-side surface, a segment according to the invention is enclosed by a steel frame. It is within the scope of the invention that the steel inserts can be welded together at the four corners of the tubbing. In this way, a tensile outer frame for a tubbing invention. This outer frame can be used as a lost formwork and thus replace the side elements of a Tübbingschalungsform and this outer frame can at the same time contain or absorb sealing elements.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ringfugenseitig zumindest ein Nocken als Kopplungselement angeordnet, welcher Nocken für eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit einer topfartigen Ausnehmung als Komplementärkopplungselement vorgesehen ist. Bei dieser Kopplung handelt es sich um eine Topf-Nocken-Verzahnung. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein Nocken die Form eines Kegelstumpfs mit oberseitiger bzw. topfseitiger Abrundung aufweist. Die topfartige Ausnehmung als Komplementärkopplungselement in dem zweiten Tübbing ist dann entsprechend ausgebildet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform findet eine Kopplung bzw. ein Formschluss zwischen Kopplungselementen und Komplementärkopplungselementen nur an bestimmten Stellen in Bezug auf den Ringumfang eines Tübbingringes statt. Die Verzahnungstiefe und somit auch die Höhe eines Nockens bzw. die Tiefe der topfartigen Ausnehmung beträgt hier zweckmäßigerweise 50 bis 100 mm. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein als Kopplungselement vorgesehener Nocken im Innern auch aus dem Beton bzw. Stahlbeton des Tübbings bestehen kann und somit die Stahleinlage lediglich die Oberfläche des Nockens bildet. Auch diese Ausführungsform fällt unter die Forderung nach Patentanspruch 1, wonach die Stahleinlage das Kopplungselement aufweist bzw. das Kopplungselement bildet.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one cam is arranged as a coupling element on the annular joint side, which cam is provided for a positive connection with a pot-like recess as a complementary coupling element. This coupling is a pot-cam toothing. It is within the scope of the invention that a cam has the shape of a truncated cone with top-side or cup-sided rounding. The pot-like recess as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing is then formed accordingly. In this embodiment, a coupling or a positive connection between the coupling elements and complementary coupling elements takes place only at certain locations with respect to the ring circumference of a tubbing ring. The toothing depth and thus also the height of a cam or the depth of the pot-shaped recess is expediently 50 to 100 mm. It is within the scope of the invention that a cam provided as a coupling element may also consist of the concrete or reinforced concrete of the tubbing inside, and thus the steel insert merely forms the surface of the cam. This embodiment also falls under the requirement of
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Stahleinlage zumindest einen im Querschnitt rechteckförmigen Stahlzapfen als Kopplungselement auf, der für eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit einer entsprechenden Stahltasche als Komplementärkopplungselement in dem zweiten Tübbingring vorgesehen ist. Im Querschnitt rechteckförmig bezieht sich hier insbesondere auf die Querschnittsfläche parallel zur Ringnut. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist der Stahlzapfen quaderförmig ausgebildet. Dabei kann der Stahlzapfen geneigte Flanken aufweisen. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass bei dieser Ausführungsform mit im Querschnitt rechteckförmigem Stahlzapfen die Breite s der Stahleinlage maximal 40%, vorzugsweise maximal 35% der Dicke d des Tübbings beträgt. Die Breite s entspricht der Ausdehnung der Stahleinlage in radialer Richtung des Tunnelausbaus. Die Breite z des Stahlzapfens beträgt vorzugsweise maximal 25%, bevorzugt maximal 20% der Dicke d des Tübbings. Auch die Breite z entspricht der Ausdehnung des Stahlzapfens in radialer Richtung des Tunnelausbaus. Zweckmäßigerweise erstreckt sich der Stahlzapfen nur über einen relativ geringen Teil der Länge 1 des Tübbings. Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung erstreckt sich der im Querschnitt rechteckförmige Stahlzapfen über maximal 25%, vorzugsweise über maximal 20% der Länge 1 des Tübbings.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel insert has at least one rectangular cross-section steel pin as a coupling element on, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing ring. In cross-section rectangular refers in particular to the cross-sectional area parallel to the annular groove. According to one embodiment, the steel pin is cuboidal. The steel pin may have inclined flanks. It is within the scope of the invention that in this embodiment with a cross-sectionally rectangular steel pin, the width s of the steel insert is at most 40%, preferably at most 35% of the thickness d of the tubbing. The width s corresponds to the extent of the steel insert in the radial direction of the tunnel construction. The width z of the steel pin is preferably at most 25%, preferably at most 20% of the thickness d of the tubbing. The width z also corresponds to the extent of the steel pin in the radial direction of the tunnel construction. Conveniently, the steel pin extends only over a relatively small part of the
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Stahleinlage zumindest einen im Querschnitt kreisförmigen Stahlzapfen als Kopplungselement auf, der für eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit einer entsprechenden Stahltasche als Komplementärkopplungselement in dem zweiten Tübbing vorgesehen ist. Im Querschnitt kreisförmig bezieht sich hier auf die Querschnittsfläche parallel zur Ringfuge. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der im Querschnitt kreisförmige Stahlzapfen zylinderförmig oder kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet ist. Auch nach dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung entspricht vorzugsweise die Breite s der Stahleinlage maximal 40%, bevorzugt maximal 35% der Dicke d des Tübbings. Breite s bezieht sich dabei auf die Ausdehnung der Stahleinlage in radialer Richtung bezüglich des Tunnelausbaus. Die Breite z des im Querschnitt kreisförmigen Stahlzapfens beträgt zweckmäßigerweise maximal 10% der Dicke d des Tübbings.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel insert has at least one circular cross-section steel pin as a coupling element, which is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing. Circular in cross-section here refers to the cross-sectional area parallel to the annular joint. It is within the scope of the invention that the in cross section circular steel pin is cylindrical or frusto-conical. Also according to this embodiment of the invention preferably corresponds to the width s of the steel insert maximally 40%, preferably at most 35% of the thickness d of the tubbing. Width s refers to the expansion of the steel insert in the radial direction with respect to the tunnel construction. The width z of the circular pin in the circular cross section is expediently not more than 10% of the thickness d of the tubbing.
Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform, der im Rahmen der Erfindung ganz besondere Bedeutung zukommt, ist an die Stahleinlage zumindest ein in den Tübbing ragendes Verankerungselement zur Verankerung der Stahleinlage in dem Beton des Tübbings angeschlossen. Bei dem Verankerungselement handelt es sich zweckmäßigerweise um ein Stahlelement, das vorzugsweise an die betreffende Stahleinlage des Tübbings angeschweißt ist. Das Verankerungselement kann beispielsweise in Form von Verankerungsstäben oder als Verankerungsschlaufe ausgeführt sein. Bei dem Verankerungselement kann es sich auch um einen Kopfbolzendübel handeln. Zweckmäßigerweise sind bei dieser Ausführungsform der Erfindung mehrere Kopfbolzendübel als Verankerungselemente für die Stahleinlage vorgesehen. Das Verankerungselement kann auch ein Ankerbarren sein.According to a very preferred embodiment, which is of very particular importance in the context of the invention, at least one anchoring element protruding into the tubing is connected to the steel insert for anchoring the steel insert in the concrete of the tubbing. The anchoring element is expediently a steel element, which is preferably welded to the relevant steel insert of the tubbing. The anchoring element can be designed, for example, in the form of anchoring rods or as anchoring loop. The anchoring element may also be a headed bolt. Conveniently, several head bolt dowels are provided as anchoring elements for the steel insert in this embodiment of the invention. The anchoring element may also be an anchor bar.
Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung beträgt die Erstreckung e des Verankerungselementes in das Innere des Tübbings mehr als das Doppelte der Dicke D der Stahleinlage. Erstreckung e meint hier die Ausdehnung des Verankerungselementes in Richtung parallel zur Tunnellängsrichtung bzw. parallel zur Tunnellängsachse. Dicke D der Stahleinlage meint zweckmäßigerweise die dickste Stelle der Stahleinlage. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Erstreckung e des Verankerungselementes mehr als das Dreifache, bevorzugt mehr als das Vierfache der Dicke D der Stahleinlage.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extension e of the anchoring element in the interior of the tubbing is more than twice the thickness D of the steel insert. Extension e here means the extension of the anchoring element in the direction parallel to the tunnel longitudinal direction or parallel to the tunnel longitudinal axis. Thickness D of the steel insert expediently means the thickest point of the steel insert. Preferably, the extension e of the anchoring element is more than three times, preferably more than four times the thickness D of the steel insert.
Nach einer sehr bevorzugten Ausführungsform, der im Rahmen der Erfindung ganz besondere Bedeutung zukommt, weist der Tübbing zumindest ein Bewehrungselement auf, welches in den Beton des Tübbings integriert ist. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein Metallstabbewehrungselement als Bewehrungselement eingesetzt wird. Bevorzugt bilden mehrere miteinander verbundene Metallstäbe das Metallstabbewehrungselement. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht ein erfindungsgemäßes Bewehrungselement aus Stahl und vorzugsweise ist das Verankerungselement an dieses Bewehrungselement angeschlossen, bevorzugt angeschweißt. Das Bewehrungselement ist nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ein Bewehrungskorb. Die Bewehrungselemente bzw. die Bewehrungskörbe sind vorzugsweise in ringfugenseitigen Bereichen der Tübbings angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise ist zumindest ein Bewehrungselement in einem ringfugenseitigen Bereich des Tübbings angeorndet, dessen Breite B1 5 bis 35%, vorzugsweise 5 bis 30%, bevorzugt 5 bis 25% der gesamten Breite B des Tübbings entspricht. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Breite B1 5 bis 20% oder 5 bis 15% oder 10 bis 15% der gesamten Breite B des Tübbings entspricht. Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zumindest ein Bewehrungselement in jedem der beiden ringfugenseitigen Bereiche eines Tübbings vorgesehen. Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass ein in einem ringfugenseitigen Bereich des Tübbings vorgesehenes Bewehrungselement sich auch über den entsprechenden längsfugenseitigen Randbereich bzw. die entsprechenden längsfugenseitigen Randbereiche des Tübbings erstreckt.According to a very preferred embodiment, which is of very particular importance in the context of the invention, the tubbing has at least one reinforcing element, which is integrated in the concrete of the tubbing. It is within the scope of the invention that a metal rod reinforcement element is used as a reinforcing element. Preferably, a plurality of interconnected metal rods form the metal bar reinforcement element. Conveniently, a reinforcing element according to the invention consists of steel and preferably the anchoring element is connected to this reinforcing element, preferably welded. The reinforcing element is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a reinforcing cage. The reinforcing elements or the reinforcing cages are preferably arranged in the annular joint-side areas of the tubbing. Conveniently, at least one reinforcing element is angeorndet in a ring-joint-side region of the tubbing whose
Nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind zumindest 60%, vorzugsweise zumindest 70%, bevorzugt zumindest 75% des Bewehrungselementes oder der Komponenten des Bewehrungselementes in einem Bereich angeordnet, der eine Breite a aufweist, die sich von einer ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche und/oder von der tunnelinnenseitigen Oberfläche und/oder von der tunnelaußenseitigen Oberfläche und/oder von zumindest einer längsfugenseitigen Oberfläche des Tübbings ins Tübbinginnere erstreckt und dass die Breite a vorzugsweise 5 bis 25%, bevorzugt 5 bis 20%, sehr bevorzugt 5 bis 15% der Dicke d des Tübbings entspricht. Die bezüglich des Bewehrungselementes oder der Komponenten des Bewehrungselementes angegebenen Prozentangaben sind insbesondere Gewichts-Prozent-Angaben. Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das in dem Bereich der Breite a angeordnete Bewehrungselement bzw. die darin angeordneten Komponenten des Bewehrungselementes außerdem in dem vorstehend erläuterten ringfugenseitigen Bereich des Tübbings mit der Breite B1 angeordnet.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, preferably at least 75% of the reinforcing element or the components of the reinforcing element are arranged in a region having a width a, extending from an annular surface side and / or from the inside tunnel surface and / or from the outer tunnel-side surface and / or from at least one longitudinal-joint-side surface of the tubing extends into Tübbinginnere and that the width a preferably 5 to 25%, preferably 5 to 20%, very preferably 5 to 15% of the thickness d of the tubbing corresponds. The percentages given with respect to the reinforcing element or the components of the reinforcing element are in particular weight percentages. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the arranged in the region of the width a reinforcing element or the components arranged therein of the reinforcing element is also arranged in the above-mentioned annular gap side region of the tubbings with the width B 1 .
Zweckmäßigerweise wird im Rahmen der Erfindung ein Bewehrungskorb eingesetzt, der aus U-förmigen Bewehrungsbügeln oder aus geschlossenen ringförmigen Bewehrungsbügeln besteht, wobei die Bewehrungsbügel durch Längsbewehrungsstäbe miteinander verbunden werden. Den vorstehend erläuterten Bewehrungselementen, die nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung an zumindest ein Verankerungselement der Stahleinlage angeschlossen sind, kommt in Kombination mit den erfindungsgemäßen Stahleinlagen besondere Bedeutung zu.Conveniently, a reinforcing cage is used in the invention, which consists of U-shaped reinforcing bars or closed annular reinforcing bars, wherein the reinforcing bars are connected by longitudinal reinforcing rods together. The above-explained reinforcing elements, according to the preferred Embodiment of the invention are connected to at least one anchoring element of the steel insert, in combination with the steel inserts according to the invention is of particular importance.
Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in der ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche eines erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings zumindest ein Dichtrahmenelement vorgesehen, das sich über die Länge der ringfugenseitigen Oberfläche erstreckt. Die Dichtrahmenelemente der zu einem Tübbingring kombinierten Tübbings ergänzen sich dann zu einem über den Umfang des Tübbingrings umlaufenden Dichtrahmen. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Tübbings in einem angrenzenden Tübbingring entsprechende Dichtrahmenelemente aufweisen, die im eingebauten Zustand der Tübbings bzw. der Tübbingringe an den Dichtrahmenelementen des ersten Tübbings anliegen. Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung können die Dichtrahmenelemente in eine Dichtnut eines Tübbings eingeklebt sein. Es liegt jedoch auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Dichtrahmenelemente in den Tübbing einbetoniert sind und beispielsweise mit schräggestellten Verankerungsrippen in dem Beton des Tübbings verankert sind.According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one sealing frame element is provided in the annular-joint-side surface of a tubbing according to the invention, which extends over the length of the annular-surface-side surface. The sealing frame elements of the tubbing ring combined to form a tubbing ring then complement each other to form a circumferential sealing ring over the circumference of the tubule ring. It is within the scope of the invention that the tubbings have corresponding sealing frame elements in an adjacent tubbing ring, which bear against the sealing frame elements of the first tubbings in the installed state of the tubbings or the tubbing rings. According to one embodiment of the invention, the sealing frame elements can be glued into a sealing groove of a tubbing. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the sealing frame elements are embedded in the tubbing and are anchored, for example, with inclined anchoring ribs in the concrete of the tubbing.
Das Einbetonieren der erfindungsgemäßen Stahleinlage in einen Tübbing erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise in einer entsprechenden Schalungsform für den Tübbing. Die Stahleinlage wird dabei in eine Schalungsform eingelegt und vorzugsweise an der Schalungsform lösbar fixiert bzw. befestigt. Bevorzugt wird auch zumindest ein Bewehrungselement in die Schalungsform eingelegt und vorzugsweise lösbar an der Schalungsform befestigt. Anschließend wird der Beton in die Schalungsform eingegossen. Nach Erhärten des Betons kann die Stahleinlage und kann vorzugsweise auch das Bewehrungselement mittels der lösbaren Verbindung von der Schalungsform getrennt werden.The concreting of the steel insert according to the invention into a tubbing is expediently carried out in a corresponding formwork form for the tubbing. The steel insert is inserted into a mold and preferably fixed or fastened to the formwork releasably. Preferably, at least one reinforcing element is inserted into the formwork and preferably releasably attached to the formwork Formwork attached. Subsequently, the concrete is poured into the formwork. After hardening of the concrete, the steel insert and preferably also the reinforcing element can be separated by means of the releasable connection of the formwork.
Besondere Bedeutung kommt im Rahmen der Erfindung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings zu, bei der faserbewehrter Beton für den Tübbing eingesetzt wird. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Beton des Tübbings mit Stahlfasern bewehrt. Der Stahlfasergehalt beträgt dabei 20 bis 70 kg/m3, beispielsweise 30 bis 65 kg/m3, bevorzugt 30 bis 50 kg/m3. Es werden vorzugsweise Stahlfasern mit einem Längen-Dicken-Verhältnis von 60 bis 80 verwendet. Die Festigkeit der Stahlfasern beträgt zweckmäßigerweise 1.000 bis 1.400 N/mm2. Es können auch hochfeste Fasern mit einer Festigkeit von 2.300 bis 3.200 N/mm2 eingesetzt werden. Nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung enthält der Beton des Tübbings neben Stahlfasern auch Kunststofffasern, vorzugsweise Polypropylenfasern. Der Fasergehalt an Kunststofffasern beträgt zweckmäßigerweise 1 bis 4 kg/m3, bevorzugt 2 bis 3 kg/m3. Der Faserbewehrung kommt in Kombination mit der erfindungsgemäßen Stahleinlage ebenfalls besondere Bedeutung zu.In the context of the invention, particular importance is attached to an embodiment of the tubbing according to the invention in which fiber-reinforced concrete is used for the tubbing. Conveniently, the concrete of the tubbing is reinforced with steel fibers. The steel fiber content is 20 to 70 kg / m 3 , for example 30 to 65 kg / m 3 , preferably 30 to 50 kg / m 3 . Steel fibers having a length to thickness ratio of 60 to 80 are preferably used. The strength of the steel fibers is suitably 1,000 to 1,400 N / mm 2 . It is also possible to use high-strength fibers having a strength of 2,300 to 3,200 N / mm 2 . According to a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete of the tubbing in addition to steel fibers and plastic fibers, preferably polypropylene fibers. The fiber content of plastic fibers is suitably 1 to 4 kg / m 3 , preferably 2 to 3 kg / m 3 . The fiber reinforcement is also of particular importance in combination with the steel insert according to the invention.
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass überraschend widerstandsfähige Hochleistungstübbings bzw. daraus zusammengesetzte Tübbingringe erhalten werden, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Lehre verwirklicht wird. Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Hochleistungstübbings können in den Ringfugen zwischen den Tübbingringen problemlos sehr hohe Kräfte übertragen werden. Überraschenderweise wird der erfindungsgemäße Tübbing dabei nicht nachteilhaft beeinträchtigt oder beschädigt. Im Gegensatz zu den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Tübbings kommt es auch bei sehr hohen Kraftübertragungen nicht zu Rissbildungen oder Abplatzungen an den Hochleistungstübbings. Die erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings zeichnen sich fernerhin auch in einem Brandfall und bei Hitzeeinwirkung durch eine überraschend hohe Resistenz aus. Besondere Bedeutung kommt im Rahmen der Erfindung der Kombination "erfindungsgemäße Stahleinlage und Verankerungselement und/oder Bewehrungselement und/oder Faserbewehrung" zu. Im Übrigen ist hervorzuheben, dass ein erfindungsgemäßer Tübbing auf sehr einfache und wenig aufwendige Weise gefertigt werden kann. Da aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Kopplungselemente und Komplementärkopplungselemente eine effektive Verzahnung zwischen benachbarten Tübbingringen erreicht wird und hierdurch wiederum eine problemlose Kraftübertragung möglich ist, kann die Dicke der erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings gegenüber der Dicke der bislang bekannten Tübbings grundsätzlich reduziert werden. Die Dicke der Tübbings kann dabei beispielsweise auf unter 35 cm reduziert werden.The invention is based on the finding that surprisingly resistant high-performance tubbings or tubbing rings composed thereof are obtained when the teaching according to the invention is realized. With the Hochleistungstübbings invention can be very high in the ring joints between the tubbing rings problem Forces are transmitted. Surprisingly, the tubbing according to the invention is not adversely affected or damaged. In contrast to the tubbing known from the prior art, cracking or chipping on the high-performance tubbings does not occur even with very high force transmissions. Furthermore, the segments according to the invention are distinguished by a surprisingly high resistance, even in the case of fire and heat. Of particular importance in the context of the invention is the combination of the "steel insert according to the invention and the anchoring element and / or reinforcing element and / or fiber reinforcement". Incidentally, it should be emphasized that an inventive tubbing can be made in a very simple and inexpensive manner. Since due to the coupling elements according to the invention and complementary coupling elements an effective toothing between adjacent tubbing rings is achieved and this in turn a trouble-free power transmission is possible, the thickness of the tubbing according to the invention over the thickness of the previously known tubbing can be reduced in principle. The thickness of the tubbing can be reduced to below 35 cm, for example.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Tunnelausbaus mit erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt A-A aus
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- den Gegenstand nach
Fig. 2 in einer anderen Ausführungsform, - Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt B-B durch den Gegenstand der
Fig. 3 , - Fig. 5
- einen Schnitt C-C durch den Gegenstand der
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- den Gegenstand nach
Fig. 2 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform, - Fig. 7
- eine zusätzliche Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach
Fig. 2 , - Fig. 8
- einen Schnitt D-D durch den Gegenstand der
Fig. 7 , - Fig. 9
- eine andere Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach
Fig. 7 , - Fig. 10
- eine zusätzliche Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes nach
Fig. 7 im Schnitt D-D.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a tunnel construction with tubbing according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a section AA
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- the object after
Fig. 2 in another embodiment, - Fig. 4
- a section BB through the subject of
Fig. 3 . - Fig. 5
- a section CC through the object of
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 6
- the object after
Fig. 2 in a further embodiment, - Fig. 7
- an additional embodiment of the article according to
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 8
- a section DD through the subject of
Fig. 7 . - Fig. 9
- another embodiment of the article according to
Fig. 7 . - Fig. 10
- an additional embodiment of the article according to
Fig. 7 on average DD.
In
Erfindungsgemäß ist zumindest eine Stahleinlage 5 in eine ringfugenseitige Oberfläche 6 eines erfindungsgemäßen Tübbings 1 einbetoniert. Die Stahleinlage 5 weist an der der einen Ringfuge 3 zugewandten Seite des Tübbings 1 das Kopplungselement auf bzw. die Stahleinlage 5 bildet hier das Kopplungselement. An der der anderen Ringfuge 3 zugewandten Seite des Tübbings 1 weist die Stahleinlage 5 dagegen zweckmäßigerweise das Komplementärkopplungselement auf bzw. bildet hier die Stahleinlage 5 das Komplementärkopplungselement.According to the invention, at least one
In
In
Vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel weist ein Tübbing 1, 1' in seinen ringfugenseitigen und längsfugenseitigen Oberflächen 6, 20 ein Dichtrahmenelement 22, 23 auf, das sich zweckmäßigerweise über die gesamte Länge 1 der ringfugenseitigen und längsfugenseitigen Oberflächen 6, 20 erstreckt. Die Dichtrahmenelemente 22, 23 ergänzen sich dann in einem Tübbing 1, 1' zu einem umlaufenden Dichtrahmen. Beispielsweise in den
Die
Grundsätzlich kann auch ein kleinerer Stahlzapfen 26 (siehe
Claims (10)
- A tubbing (1), in particular high-performance tubbing, for a tubbing ring (2) for underground tunnel lining, wherein the tubbing (1) consists of concrete and on the ring join side, comprises at least one coupling element for a positive engagement with a complementary coupling element on a second tubbing (1') in a neighbouring tubbing ring (2), wherein at least one steel insert (5) is concreted into the ring-join-side surface (6) of the tubbing (1) and wherein the steel insert (5) comprises the coupling element, characterised in that the coupling element and the complementary coupling element can be brought into engagement with one another for transmission of force between the tubbings (1, 1').
- The tubbing according to claim 1, characterised in that the coupling element is a groove running over at least the majority of the length I of the tubbing (1) which groove is provided for a positive connection with a spring element (8) running over the majority of the length of the second tubbing (1') as a complementary coupling element.
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that at least 40%, preferably at least 50% of the ring-join-side surface (6) is formed by the steel insert (5).
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one cam (24) is arranged as a coupling element on the ring join side, which cam (24) is provided for a positive connection with a cup-like recess (25) as a complementary coupling element.
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the steel insert (5) has at least one steel pin (26) having a rectangular cross-section as a coupling element, which steel pin (26) is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket (27) as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing (1').
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the steel insert (5) has at least one steel pin (26) having a circular cross-section as a coupling element, which steel pin (26) is provided for a positive connection with a corresponding steel pocket (27) as a complementary coupling element in the second tubbing (1').
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one anchoring element which projects into the tubbing (1) is connected to the steel insert (5) for anchoring the steel insert (5) in the concrete of the tubbing.
- The tubbing according to claim 7, characterised in that the extension e of the anchoring element into the interior of the tubbing (1) is more than twice the thickness D of the steel insert (5).
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the anchoring element is connected to at least one reinforcing element of the tubbing (1).
- The tubbing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that at least one sealing frame element (22) is provided in the steel insert (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10114615A DE10114615A1 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | Tubbing, especially high-performance tubbing |
DE10114615 | 2001-03-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1243753A1 EP1243753A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
EP1243753B1 true EP1243753B1 (en) | 2008-04-23 |
Family
ID=7678948
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02006028A Expired - Lifetime EP1243753B1 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-03-16 | Tubing segment for lining a tunnel |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1243753B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE393298T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10114615A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1243753E (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103670442A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-26 | 苏国建 | Prefabricated concrete hyperbolical thin-shell arch type assembled underground space engineering supporting structure |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005011008A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-14 | Eberhardt, Günter | Device with a reinforced concrete reinforcement basket |
AT518840B1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-12-15 | Porr Bau Gmbh | Composite segment, tunnel shell and method |
WO2020160582A1 (en) | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-13 | Technische Universität Wien | Reinforced concrete tubbing segment |
CN110541717A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-06 | 江苏大成轨道科技有限公司 | Annular push-insert type connecting and fastening assembly for shield tunnel segment and application thereof |
JP2021143576A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-24 | 株式会社Ihi建材工業 | Concrete member and segment |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3818710A (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1974-06-25 | Commercial Shearing | Tunnel liners |
FR2273119B1 (en) * | 1974-05-27 | 1980-11-28 | Pont A Mousson | |
GB1585770A (en) * | 1976-08-05 | 1981-03-11 | Tsuzuki J | Concrete segment |
GB2003212B (en) * | 1977-08-16 | 1982-01-13 | Charcon Tunnels Ltd | Arcuate tunnel lining segments |
DE3213952C2 (en) * | 1982-04-16 | 1986-05-07 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen | Expansion for tunnel construction, especially in underground mining with the help of curved reinforced concrete prefabricated shells |
JPS5948599A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1984-03-19 | 都築 純一 | Tunnel covering construction structure |
KR100214113B1 (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1999-08-02 | 오가사와라 쇼헤이 | Manufacture of tunnel liner and apparatus for the same |
DE4443046C2 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1997-03-20 | Holzmann Philipp Ag | Tubbing arrangement for lining tunnels |
JP3929590B2 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2007-06-13 | 石川島建材工業株式会社 | Segment joint structure |
-
2001
- 2001-03-23 DE DE10114615A patent/DE10114615A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-03-16 PT PT02006028T patent/PT1243753E/en unknown
- 2002-03-16 EP EP02006028A patent/EP1243753B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-03-16 AT AT02006028T patent/ATE393298T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-16 DE DE50212126T patent/DE50212126D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103670442A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-26 | 苏国建 | Prefabricated concrete hyperbolical thin-shell arch type assembled underground space engineering supporting structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50212126D1 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
EP1243753A1 (en) | 2002-09-25 |
DE10114615A1 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
PT1243753E (en) | 2008-10-02 |
ATE393298T1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0190460B1 (en) | Anchoring device for the traction member of an anchor, especially a rock anchor | |
DE69230145T2 (en) | ROPE ANCHOR | |
WO2005040526A1 (en) | Formwork system | |
DE60114890T2 (en) | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A COMPONENT WITH THREAD AND COMPONENT MANUFACTURED THEREFOR | |
DE3218517C2 (en) | Tubbing lining for tunnels, galleries or the like. and measuring device for checking the joint width of such a segment construction | |
EP1243753B1 (en) | Tubing segment for lining a tunnel | |
DE2645285C2 (en) | Support structure for the route and tunnel expansion | |
EP1397601B1 (en) | Shear connector | |
DE1199470B (en) | Concrete reinforcement bar, especially tie bar | |
EP0348870B1 (en) | Constructions composed of several precast reinforced-concrete elements for use in the prestressed concrete construction method | |
DE2637726A1 (en) | SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR TUNNEL EXPANSION | |
DE69524377T2 (en) | Connection or anchoring device for reinforcement bars of high adhesion in reinforced concrete and method for their implementation | |
DE2457796C3 (en) | Made of concrete or the like. and a reinforcement reinforcement existing support segment | |
EP1533471B1 (en) | Yieldable rock anchor | |
WO2011107288A1 (en) | Pipe connecting system for connecting pipes by means of a connecting sleeve | |
EP1890001A1 (en) | Special tubbing for tunnel construction | |
EP1243752B1 (en) | Tubing segment for a tunnel lining, in particular a high performance tubing element | |
EP0697530B1 (en) | Anchoring bolt for concrete or similar | |
DE29614733U1 (en) | Device for anchoring reinforcing bars | |
DE10119988B4 (en) | Dowelling device for the ring elements of a segmental lining for underground structures | |
AT522094B1 (en) | REINFORCED CONCRETE TUBBING | |
DE2118034B2 (en) | Mine prefabricated concrete supports - has round hole with bows protruding in to take interposed locking bush with wedges | |
DE3145924A1 (en) | Butt-jointing of reinforcing bars | |
DE10243253B4 (en) | Tubbing and method for its production | |
DE2742000C3 (en) | Free standing chimney |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030321 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50212126 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20080605 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: SC4A Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION Effective date: 20080922 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080803 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080723 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 |
|
EN | Fr: translation not filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20090126 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: HOCHTIEF A.G. Effective date: 20090331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20090316 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PT Ref legal event code: MM4A Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES Effective date: 20091216 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090331 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20091216 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080724 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090316 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20080423 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20090227 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20120925 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50212126 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20131001 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20131001 |