JP2021143576A - Concrete member and segment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a large compressive resistance performance which enables the reinforcement of strength even when a high compression force acts on.SOLUTION: A segment 2 is an arc-block-shape RC segment. Multiple units of the segment 2 are joined at a concrete-made joint surface 7 and main girder surface to construct a tunnel of a nearly cylindrical wall body. The segment 2 comprises steel plates 15 which are placed and exposed at each of upper and lower parts of the joint surfaces 7 that face each other, and a reinforcement-bar (re-bar) cage 16 which is arranged between the steel plates 15 that face each other. The steel plate 15 has hole-opened steel plate dowels 21 which are fixed by welding and so forth and extend inside the re-bar cage 16. The re-bar cage 16 consists of a plurality of main re-bars 18 that are linearly arranged at top and bottom along the longitudinal direction of the main girder surface, and a plurality of distributing bars 19 that are arranged at prescribed intervals perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the main re-bar 18. The hole-opened steel plate dowels 21 are arranged being inserted between the main re-bars 18 of the re-bar cage 16.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

According to the present invention, for example, in concrete members and segments constituting a tubular wall body of a shield tunnel including a road tunnel buried in a deep underground section, the yield strength can be secured even if an external force such as earth pressure is large. Regarding concrete members and segments.

Generally, in a shield tunnel or the like provided in a deep section, earth pressure, groundwater pressure, a load of a building, etc. are applied, so that an external force acting on a segment constituting the tunnel wall body becomes large. Therefore, the degree of compressive stress applied to the segment body and the joint portion increases. On the other hand, the joint portion connecting the adjacent segments is a tension member, and the compressive force cannot be secured.
Therefore, when the RC segment is used, it is necessary to increase the thickness so that it can withstand an external force, and the large tunnel outer diameter makes it uneconomical and costly.

As a segment that can withstand such an external force and does not increase the segment thickness, for example, a synthetic segment described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In this synthetic segment, a substantially H-shaped main steel material in which plate-shaped steel plates arranged above and below are connected by a bundle material is embedded in concrete between compression transmission materials exposed on facing joint surfaces.
Then, by adjusting the compressive force by interposing a wedge material between the compression transmission material and the main steel material, the compression force applied to the opposite end faces by the external force can be received by being dispersed from the compression transmission material to the main steel material. .. Therefore, an excessive compressive force is not applied to the segment, and the joint surface can be prevented from being crushed.

Japanese Patent No. 5285933

However, in the synthetic segment described in Patent Document 1 described above, since the wedge material is driven between the compression transmission material and the main steel material from opposite directions to set the compression force opposite to the external force, the compression force due to the wedge material is set. The adjustment was complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a concrete member and a segment having a large compressive force and capable of reinforcing strength even when a high compressive force acts. do.

The concrete member according to the present invention is a concrete member having opposite end faces, and is a steel disposed between a compression transmission material exposed and arranged on the opposite end faces and a compression transmission material facing each other. It is characterized by including a member and a reinforcing steel material which is connected to a compression transmission material and is arranged so as to extend between the steel members.
According to the present invention, when a compressive force is applied while the end faces of the concrete members are connected to each other, the reinforcing steel material connected to the compression transmission material can be transmitted to the steel member via the concrete and dispersed. Therefore, the concrete on the end face is not crushed by the compressive force, and the compressive force and strength are high. Moreover, since the reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material is only arranged between the steel members, the reinforcing steel material can be arranged on the inner outer peripheral surface side at the same level as the steel member, and the thickness of the concrete member is increased. High strength can be obtained without causing.

Further, it is preferable that the reinforcing steel material has holes formed in a region overlapping with the steel member.
Since the reinforcing steel material has holes formed in the region overlapping with the steel member, the load transmission effect is improved, the effect of preventing the steel member from falling off from the concrete can be obtained, and the reinforcing effect in the vicinity of the end face of the concrete member can be improved. Moreover, since the holes are formed in the reinforcing steel material, it can be smoothly flowed into the concrete member through the holes in the reinforcing steel material when filling the concrete.

Further, it is preferable that concrete is filled between the steel member and the reinforcing steel material.
Since concrete can be filled between the steel member and the reinforcing steel material, the filling and flow of the concrete can be smooth and sufficient filling can be performed, and the load can be distributed from the reinforcing steel material to the steel member via the concrete.

In addition, compression transmission materials are arranged above and below the end face, reinforcing steel materials are connected to the upper and lower compression transmission materials, respectively, and joints are installed between the upper and lower compression transmission materials and the reinforcing steel materials. preferable.
Even if a compressive load is applied to the concrete members connected at the end faces from either the upper or lower direction, it can be received by either the upper or lower reinforcing steel material, so that the periphery of the joint can be made high in strength to protect the joint.

The segments according to the present invention are arcuate-shaped segments that form a substantially tubular wall body by connecting a plurality of segments on a concrete joint surface and a main girder surface, and are arranged so as to be exposed on opposite joint surfaces. A steel member arranged between the provided compression transmission material and the opposing compression transmission material, and a reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material and extended in the steel member are provided. It is characterized by that.
According to the present invention, when a compressive force is applied while the end faces of the segments are connected to each other, the reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material can be transmitted to the steel member via concrete and dispersed. Therefore, even in a deep section, the concrete on the end face is not crushed by the compressive force, and the compressive force and strength are high. Moreover, since the reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material is inserted between the steel members, the reinforcing steel material can be arranged on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces at the same level as the steel member, and high strength is achieved without increasing the thickness of the segment. can get.

According to the concrete member and segment according to the present invention, the end face of concrete can be reinforced with a compression transmission material, and even when a large compressive force is applied, the load is distributed from the compression transmission material and the reinforcing steel material to the steel member via the concrete. Because it can be made, it has a large compressive force and high strength.
Moreover, since the reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material is inserted between the steel members, the reinforcing steel material can be arranged on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces at the same level as the steel member without increasing the thickness of the concrete member and the segment. The compression resistance can be improved and high strength can be obtained.

It is explanatory drawing of the tunnel installed in the deep section by embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the segment of the tunnel shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows the joint surface of a segment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the segment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of the segment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of the segment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of the segment shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. (A), (b), and (c) are diagrams showing the manufacturing process of the segment.

Hereinafter, the segments applicable to the deep section according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 9 show segments 2 used for the tunnel 1 installed in the deep section according to the embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel 1 shown in FIG. 1 is installed at a depth of, for example, 70 m or more from the ground, and a high-rise building B is constructed on the ground. In the tunnel 1, the segment ring 3 in which the segment 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 to 8 is connected in the circumferential direction is connected in the axial direction to form a cylindrical wall body.

In addition to the influence of earth pressure, the influence of groundwater pressure and building load is applied to the tunnel 1 buried in the ground. In the deep section, earth pressure of 70 m or more is applied from the ground surface, for example. Specifically, the top vertical earth pressure and the bottom vertical earth pressure are applied from the upper and lower sides of the tunnel 1, and the horizontal earth pressure is applied from the side. Further, the load of the groundwater level of the groundwater flowing in the ground, the vertical load of the high-rise building B installed on the ground, and the lateral pressure are applied.
These loads are applied as bending compression loads to the joint surface 7 connecting the segments 2 of the segment ring 3 of the tunnel 1. Each segment 2 is required to have a configuration capable of withstanding these compressive loads.

The segment 2 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is an RC segment. The segment 2 is reinforced by arranging a reinforcing bar cage 16 described later inside the concrete segment main body. The side surface of the segment 2 includes a pair of main girder surfaces 6 formed in a substantially rectangular shape and curved in a substantially arc shape in a plane, and a pair of joint surfaces 7 formed in a rectangular shape. The segment 2 has a substantially quadrangular plate shape as a whole and is formed by being curved in an arc plate shape.
The outer peripheral surface 8 and the inner peripheral surface 9 of the segment 2 are curved concrete C surfaces, respectively. Joint portions 11 made of male joints and joint portions 11 made of female joints are installed on the main girder surfaces 6 on both sides at predetermined intervals. For example, two sets of M hardware 12 as male joints and two sets of F hardware 13 as female joints are mounted on the joint surfaces 7 on both sides. The male joint and the female joint on the joint surface 7 may be one set.

Further, on the joint surface 7 shown in FIG. 3, steel plates 15 are exposed and fixed to the upper and lower portions of the M metal fittings 12 and the F metal fittings 13 with the M metal fittings 12 and the F metal fittings 13 interposed therebetween. The upper steel plate 15 is an upper steel plate 15a, and the lower steel plate 15 is a lower steel plate 15b. The reinforcing bar cage 16 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 8 is built in the concrete C between the facing joint surfaces 7. A part of the reinforcing bar cage 16 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
Anchor bars 14 extending inside the reinforcing bar cage 16 are fixed in concrete C to the M hardware 12 and the F hardware 13. The anchor bar 14 may be fixed or in contact with the reinforcing bar car 16 or may be non-contact.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6 to 8, a plurality of main reinforcing bars 18 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the outer peripheral surface 8 side of the segment 2 along the direction of the main girder surface 6. On the peripheral surface 9 side, a plurality of main reinforcing bars 18 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the direction of the main girder surface 6. The main reinforcing bars 18 arranged above and below are steel members, and are surrounded by force distribution bars 19 arranged in orthogonal directions and fixed to each other. A plurality of sets of force distribution bars 19 are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the main reinforcing bars 18.

In FIG. 8, in one set of force distribution bars 19, the first force distribution bars 19a are doubly arranged so as to surround a plurality of main reinforcing bars 18 arranged one above the other. The second force distribution bar 19b is arranged so as to be in contact with the two first force distribution bars 19a and surround a part of the main reinforcing bars 18 on the left side. Further, a third force distribution bar 19c is arranged so as to be in contact with another set of the first force distribution bar 19a and surround a part of the main reinforcing bars 18 on the right side. The first to third force distribution bars 19a, 19b, and 19c are wound in a substantially quadrangular frame shape in the directions orthogonal to the main reinforcing bars 18, respectively. The main reinforcing bars 18 arranged vertically and the first to third force distribution bars 19a, 19b, and 19c are connected by welding or the like, respectively.

Perforated steel plates Jibel 21 and 22 are fixed to the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b fixed to the upper and lower sides of the joint surface 7 as reinforcing steel materials by welding or the like in the longitudinal direction, respectively. The perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 have, for example, a rectangular plate shape, and holes 21a and 22a are formed in the vicinity of the free end portion thereof in order to prevent them from falling off and to connect them to the concrete C. The upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b extend from one end to the other end of the joint surface 7, and perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are arranged on the inner surface thereof at predetermined intervals, for example, in the shape of a comb blade.
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the perforated steel plate gibber 21 fixed to the upper steel plate 15a is arranged at the center of the upper steel plate 15a in the vertical direction and extends between the main reinforcing bars 18 of the reinforcing bar cage 16. The perforated steel plate gibber 22 fixed to the lower steel plate 15b is arranged at the upper end of the upper steel plate 15a and extends between the main reinforcing bars 18 of the reinforcing bar cage 16. It is preferable that the upper steel plate 15a and the perforated steel plate gibber 21 and the lower steel plate 15b and the perforated steel plate gibber 22 are integrally connected in advance by welding or the like.

The perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 may be partially covered with the reinforcing bar cage 16 and the covering length in the longitudinal direction can be appropriately set, but in the present embodiment, the degree of overlapping with the second force distribution bar 19 from the steel plate 15 side Extends to. Moreover, although the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are arranged in non-contact with the main reinforcing bar 18 and the force distribution bar 19 of the reinforcing bar cage 16, they may be in contact with each other. By arranging the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 in non-contact with the reinforcing bar cage 16, the inflow of concrete C at the time of placing concrete C becomes smoother.
Therefore, in the segment ring 3 of the tunnel 1, when a load such as earth pressure is applied to the joint surfaces 7 of the segments 2 connected to each other from the outside, the compressive load applied to the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b in contact with each other is applied. It is transmitted from the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 to the reinforcing bar basket 16 via the concrete C, and the load can be shared and received. With respect to the structure of only concrete C from the joint surface 7 to the free end of the main reinforcing bar 18, the perforated steel plates Gibels 21 and 22 are reinforced by performing the same function as the main reinforcing bar 18. Although omitted in the above description, a seal groove and a seal member for preventing water leakage may be provided on the upper steel plate 15a of the main girder surface 6 and the joint surface 7 of the segment 2.

The segment 2 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the manufacturing method thereof will be described next with reference to FIG.
The formwork 25 shown in FIG. 9A has a convexly curved bottom plate portion 25a facing the inner peripheral surface 9 of the segment 2, and four surfaces facing the main girder surface 6 and the joint surface 7 facing each other. It has a part 25b. A reinforcing bar cage 16 formed in a grid pattern by the main reinforcing bars 18 and the force distribution bars 19 is installed in the formwork 25.

A male joint and a female joint are fixed to the side portion 25b facing the main girder surface 6 with screws or the like. A lower steel plate 15b to which a perforated steel plate gibber 22 is welded in advance is attached to the lower side of the side portion 25b facing the joint surface 7 of the form 25 and fixed with screws or the like.
An upper steel plate 15a to which a perforated steel plate gibber 21 is welded in advance is attached to the upper side of the side portion 25b and fixed with screws or the like. At that time, the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 enter between the main reinforcing bars 18 of the reinforcing bar cage 16 and the tip portion thereof covers the main reinforcing bars 18 and the force distribution bars 19, but the main reinforcing bars 18 and the force distribution bars 19 are Place in non-contact.

Next, in FIG. 9B, concrete C is filled and placed through the central opening of the lid portion 26 installed in the formwork 25. At that time, the filled concrete C circulates in the gap between the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 and the reinforcing bar cage 16 and circulates in the holes 21a and 22a of the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 to form the formwork 25. It is filled without gaps inside.
After curing the concrete C filled in the mold 25, the RC segment 2 shown in FIG. 9C can be manufactured by taking it out from the mold 25.
The reinforcing bar cage 16 is basically arranged so as not to come into contact with the form 25, but may come into contact with the reinforcing bar cage 16. Further, it is advantageous in terms of manufacturing that the reinforcing bar cage 16 and the piled steel plates gibber 21 and 21 are arranged so as not to come into contact with each other.

The segment 2 according to the embodiment is constructed by connecting the joint surfaces 7 with each other by the M metal fittings 12 and the F metal fittings 13 in a deep section excavated deep underground and bringing the steel plates 15 into contact with each other to construct the segment ring 3. Further, the tunnel 1 is constructed by bringing the main girder surfaces 6 into contact with each other and connecting the male joint and the female joint of the joint portion 11.
Earth pressure, building load, and groundwater pressure are applied to the tunnel 1 from the outside to the joint surfaces 7 of the adjacent segments 2. Therefore, a large compressive force load is particularly applied to the steel plate 15 on the joint surface 7. However, this compressive force load is distributed from the steel plate 15 and the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 to the main reinforcing bar 18 and the force distribution bar 19 of the reinforcing bar cage 16 via the concrete C to receive the load.

Therefore, the steel plate 15 can prevent the concrete C of the joint surface 7 from creep rupture. Further, the compressive force load applied to the joint surface 7 is distributed from the steel plate 15 and the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 to the main reinforcing bar 18 and the force distribution bar 19 of the reinforcing bar 16 via the concrete C to damage the concrete C. Can be prevented.
Further, since the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are arranged above and below the M hardware 12 and the F metal fitting 13, even if an uneven load is applied in the vertical direction, the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 receive the load. ..
Further, even if an unbalanced load is applied in the vertical direction in the ground due to a high-rise building B or the like and the bending load increases, the bending load is formed by the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 connected to the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b. Can receive.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, even if a large compressive force load is applied to the joint surfaces 7 of the segments 2 for constructing the tunnel 1 in the large depth section, the upper steel plates 15a fixed above and below the joint surfaces 7 , The lower steel plate 15b and the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are dispersed in the main reinforcing bars 18 and the force distribution bars 19 of the reinforcing bar cage 16 via the concrete C, so that the compressive force and the strength are high. Further, the strength of the joint surface 7 of the segment 2 can be reinforced by the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b, and the creep rupture of the concrete C can be prevented.
Moreover, since the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 fixed to the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b are inserted between the main reinforcing bars 18 of the reinforcing bar cage 16, the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 have the same outer circumference as the main reinforcing bar 18. It can be arranged on the surface 8 and the inner peripheral surface 9 side, and high strength can be obtained without increasing the thickness of the segment 2. Further, since the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are arranged above and below the M hardware 12 and the F hardware 13, the load and damage can be prevented regardless of the bending load in any of the vertical directions.

Further, the region near the male joint or the female joint in which the compression member such as the reinforcing bar cage 16 does not exist can be reinforced by the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22. Moreover, since the perforated steel plate gibber 21 and 22 fixed to the steel plate 15 are simply inserted into the reinforcing bar cage 16, the size of the steel plate gibber can be easily changed. Since the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 have holes 21a and 22a formed in the region overlapping with the main reinforcing bar 18, the load transmission effect is improved and the effect of preventing the steel plate from falling off from the concrete can be obtained, and the main girder surface of the segment 2 is obtained. The reinforcing effect in the vicinity of 7 can be improved.
Further, since the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 and the reinforcing bar cage 16 are not in contact with each other, it is easy to fill the concrete C at the time of manufacturing, and it is not necessary to adjust the arrangement configuration of these members, and the manufacturing is easy.

Although the segment 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate changes and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Yes, all of which are included in the present invention. Hereinafter, modifications and the like of the present embodiment will be described, but the description will be omitted by using the same reference numerals for the same or similar parts and members as those of the above-described embodiment.

Although the segment 2 described above describes the segment 2 used when the tunnel 1 is installed in the deep underground section, the segment 2 according to the present embodiment is not limited to the deep underground section, and is an appropriate shallow section underground or an appropriate shallow section underground. It can be applied to various tunnels 1 such as road tunnels constructed on the ground or the like.
Further, the perforated steel plate gibber 21 connected to the upper steel plate 15a on the joint surface 7 of the segment 2 is centered in the vertical direction of the upper steel plate 15a, and the perforated steel plate gibber 22 connected to the lower steel plate 15b is welded to the upper end of the lower steel plate 15b. I installed it. However, the mounting positions of the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 with respect to the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b can be selected as appropriate.

The segment 2 according to the present embodiment is included in the concrete member. The concrete member includes a flat plate-shaped member which is not curved in an arcuate shape and other appropriately shaped members.
Further, in the present invention, the perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are flat steel plates that can be easily inserted between the main reinforcing bars 18 of the reinforcing bar cage 16, but may be rod-shaped or prismatic, and the holes 21a, 22a may not be formed. In the present invention, these perforated steel plates gibber 21 and 22 are included in the reinforcing steel material. Further, the end face includes the joint surface 7.
Further, the position and shape of the steel plate 15 can be appropriately selected, and only one of the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b may be installed, and the upper steel plate 15a and the lower steel plate 15b do not necessarily reach the upper surface and the lower surface of the segment 2. It does not have to be. These steel plates 15 are included in the compression transmission material.
The tunnel 1 according to the present invention can be applied not only to road tunnels but also to railway tunnels, utility tunnels, sewers, waterworks, underground rivers, storage pipes and the like.

1 Tunnel 2 Segment 3 Segment ring 6 Main girder surface 7 Joint surface 12 M Hardware 13 F Hardware 15 Steel plate 15a Upper steel plate 15b Lower steel plate 16 Reinforcing bar 18 Main reinforcing bar 19 Reinforcing bar 19a First distribution bar 19b Second distribution Reinforcing bar 19c Third rebar 21,22 Perforated steel plate Jibel B High-rise building C Concrete

Claims (5)

A concrete member having opposite end faces,
A compression transmission material that is exposed and arranged on the opposite end faces,
A steel member disposed between the opposing compression transmission materials and
A reinforcing steel material connected to the compression transmission material and extended between the steel members, and a reinforcing steel material.
A concrete member characterized by being equipped with. The concrete member according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing steel material has holes formed in a region overlapping the steel member. The concrete member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein concrete is filled between the steel member and the reinforcing steel material. The compression transmission material is arranged above and below the end face, the reinforcing steel material is connected to the upper and lower compression transmission materials, respectively, and a joint is installed between the upper and lower compression transmission materials and the reinforcing steel material. The concrete member according to any one of claims 1 to 3. It is an arc plate-shaped segment that constructs a cylindrical wall body by connecting a plurality of concrete joint surfaces and main girder surfaces.
A compression transmission material that is exposed and arranged on the opposing joint surfaces, and
A steel member disposed between the opposing compression transmission materials and
A reinforcing steel material fixed to the compression transmission material and extended between the steel members, and a reinforcing steel material.
A segment characterized by having.

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